CN114902925A - High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla - Google Patents
High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114902925A CN114902925A CN202210518892.9A CN202210518892A CN114902925A CN 114902925 A CN114902925 A CN 114902925A CN 202210518892 A CN202210518892 A CN 202210518892A CN 114902925 A CN114902925 A CN 114902925A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flue
- cured tobacco
- perilla
- tobacco
- intercropping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 title claims description 10
- 241000229722 Perilla <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000004348 Perilla frutescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 potassium sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N phosphamidon Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000207923 Lamiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233647 Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005200 bud stage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla, which comprises the following steps: (1) turning over and ridging, and applying base fertilizer and shell powder to the furrows before ridging to obtain pretreated soil; (2) respectively growing seedlings of the perilla and the flue-cured tobacco, transplanting seedlings of the perilla in the middle ten days of 4 months, transplanting seedlings of the flue-cured tobacco in the last ten days of 4 months, and intercropping the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla; performing daily management on the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla; the tobacco leaves are harvested in the middle ten days of 8 months, and the purple perilla is harvested in the last ten days of 10 months. The dosage of the compound fertilizer in the base fertilizer is 70-100 jin/mu, wherein N is P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O is 1: 2; the dosage of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 30-50 jin/mu; the dosage of the cake fertilizer is 50-80 jin/mu; the dosage of the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is 80-150 jin/mu. The invention is before intercroppingThe base fertilizer and the shell powder are applied in strips, so that the problem of nutrient competition between the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla is solved, the quality of the tobacco leaves and the proportion of first-class tobacco are improved, and the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting, in particular to a high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla.
Background
At present, the problems of soil continuous cropping obstacle, disease and pest incidence increase, soil microbial population balance imbalance and enzyme activity weakness caused by continuous single cropping of flue-cured tobacco, soil fertility decline, crop yield reduction and quality reduction and the like are obviously increased. The intercropping technology is a traditional agricultural technology in China, can effectively utilize resources such as water, fertilizer, gas and heat, and the like, and can effectively improve the yield by intensively applying modern technologies to achieve a planting mode of improving the yield value benefit and the production efficiency on the basis of fully utilizing the cultivation time and the planting space. By means of complementary distribution in the planting space, the efficiency of the photosynthetic system is increased, and on the basis of enhancing the ventilation and the light transmittance, the flue-cured tobacco intercropping can play a certain role in promoting the growth and development of tobacco plants.
Perilla frutescens, Labiatae, belongs to an annual herbaceous plant. It can be used as medicine and perfume, and has effects of inducing perspiration, relieving pain, and removing toxic substance. Researches show that the intercropping of the perilla frutescens and the flue-cured tobacco can control the black shank and the root black rot of the flue-cured tobacco, improve the tobacco planting soil environment and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests of tobacco plants (see the research on the influence of rotation and intercropping on the growth condition and the yield quality of the flue-cured tobacco KRK26, Zhang Zhi). The application number 201610694717.X discloses a method for controlling diseases and insect pests of tobacco by using flue-cured tobacco intercropping purple perilla; the tobacco and the perilla are intercropped to control the tobacco diseases and insect pests, and the tobacco diseases and insect pests are controlled by the intercropping of the tobacco and the perilla by combining the effects of aphid expelling, antibiosis and the like of the perilla and utilizing a biodiversity action mechanism. However, nutrient competition exists between the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens, and the problem to be solved is how to enable the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens to intercropped to control the plant diseases and insect pests of the tobacco, improve the quality of the tobacco leaves and the proportion of first-class tobacco and improve the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla. According to the invention, the base fertilizer and the shell powder are applied before intercropping, the disease and insect pest of the tobacco can be controlled through the synergistic effect of the base fertilizer and the shell powder, the quality of the tobacco leaf and the proportion of first-class tobacco can be improved, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla can be obviously improved, and the problem of nutrient competition in intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla can be solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) turning over and ridging, and applying base fertilizer and shell powder to the furrows before ridging to obtain pretreated soil;
(2) respectively growing seedlings of the perilla and the flue-cured tobacco, transplanting seedlings of the perilla in the middle ten days of 4 months, transplanting seedlings of the flue-cured tobacco in the last ten days of 4 months, and intercropping the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla; performing daily management on the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla; the tobacco leaves are harvested in the middle ten days of 8 months, and the purple perilla is harvested in the last ten days of 10 months.
Preferably, in step (1), the base fertilizer comprises: compound fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, cake fertilizer and soil miscellaneous fertilizer.
More preferably, the cake fertilizer is bean cake fertilizer, and the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is prepared from mud fertilizer, weeds and ash fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 1, in terms of mass ratio.
Preferably, in the step (1), the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 70-100 jin/mu, wherein N is P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O is 1: 2; the dosage of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 30-50 jin/mu; the dosage of the cake fertilizer is 50-80 jin/mu; the dosage of the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is 80-150 jin/mu.
Preferably, in the step (1), the amount of the shell powder accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the base fertilizer.
Preferably, in step (1), the ridging specification is: the width of the upper ridge is 0.3-0.35m, the width of the lower ridge is 0.5-0.55m, the height of the ridge is 0.3-0.4m, and the ridge distance of the flue-cured tobacco is 1.1 m.
Preferably, in the step (2), when the purple perilla seedlings are transplanted, soil in the seedling beds needs to be moist and non-sticky, and each hole is 9-12cm deep.
Preferably, in the step (2), 2.0-3.0 jin/plant is watered when the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are transplanted.
Preferably, in step (2), the time is taken as: and planting a row of purple perilla between every two rows of flue-cured tobaccos.
Preferably, the row spacing between the perilla and the flue-cured tobacco is 55 cm; the plant spacing of the flue-cured tobacco is 0.5m, and the plant spacing of the purple perilla is 0.4 m.
In a second aspect of the invention, the application of the high-yield planting method for the intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens to the improvement of the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens is provided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the base fertilizer and the shell powder are applied before intercropping, the disease and insect damage of the tobacco can be controlled through the synergistic effect of the base fertilizer and the shell powder, the quality of the tobacco leaf and the proportion of first-class tobacco can be improved, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla can be obviously improved, the problem of nutrient competition in the intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla is solved, other fertilizers are not required to be applied in the later stage of intercropping, and the planting cost is reduced.
(2) The intercropping method provided by the invention has the advantages that the soil environment is improved, the chemical components in the tobacco leaves are more coordinated and balanced, the quality and the yield of the tobacco leaves and the proportion of first-class tobacco are obviously improved, the average price and the proportion of first-class tobacco and the comprehensive yield value benefit of tobacco fields are improved to a certain extent, and the tobacco farmer income is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1: influence of flue-cured tobacco-perilla intercropping treatment on the quick-acting nitrogen content of tobacco field soil;
FIG. 2: influence of flue-cured tobacco-perilla intercropping treatment on the content of available phosphorus in tobacco field soil;
FIG. 3: influence of flue-cured tobacco-perilla intercropping treatment on the content of quick-acting potassium in tobacco field soil.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
As introduced in the background technology, the intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla can effectively control the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of the flue-cured tobacco and improve the soil environment. However, nutrient competition exists between the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla, so that the yield and the quality of the flue-cured tobacco, including the proportion of first-class tobacco, and the like, are all to be improved.
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla. According to the invention, the tobacco yield is improved after strip application of the compound fertilizer, the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, the cake fertilizer and the soil and miscellaneous fertilizers, but the first-class tobacco proportion is improved a little; through compounding of various substances and base fertilizers, the use of the shell powder not only improves the yield of flue-cured tobacco, but also greatly improves the quality of tobacco leaves and the proportion of first-class tobacco.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional in the art and commercially available.
The examples and comparative examples were interleaved: shandong province Linyi city, Mengyin county, connected with town, and drawn in village;
intercropping time: 2021, 4 months-10 months;
the flue-cured tobacco variety is: NC102
The purple perilla variety is: purple perilla on both sides.
Each example or comparative example is planted with 1 mu of land, the interval between every two mu of land is 1.5m, the soil characters of the area are basically consistent, and the soil characters of the area are as follows:
before transplanting, the organic matter content in soil is detected to be 5.98g/kg, total nitrogen is detected to be 4.48g/kg, total phosphorus is detected to be 3.35g/kg, total potassium is detected to be 4.66g/kg, available nitrogen is detected to be 15.77mg/kg, available phosphorus is detected to be 52.34mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium is detected to be 97.87 mg/kg.
Example 1
Firstly, seedling culture:
floating seedling culture is carried out on the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla, and the seedling culture time of the flue-cured tobacco is from the middle and last ten days of 2 months to the last ten days of 3 months.
Secondly, fertilizing:
290 jin of base fertilizer and 29 jin of shell powder are applied before ridging, wherein:
the dosage of the base fertilizer is as follows: 100 jin/mu of compound fertilizer, wherein N is P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O is 1: 2; 30 jin/mu of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, 80 jin/mu of bean cake fertilizer and 80 jin/mu of soil miscellaneous fertilizer.
Thirdly, ridging:
the width of the ridge is 0.3m of the upper ridge and 0.5m of the lower ridge;
the ridge height is 0.3m, the tobacco ridge spacing is 1.1m, the row spacing between the purple perilla and the flue-cured tobacco is 55cm, the plant spacing between tobacco plants is 0.5m, the plant spacing between the purple perilla is 0.4m, the purple perilla is planted in an interlaced way, and one row of purple perilla is planted between two rows of flue-cured tobacco.
Fourthly, transplanting:
transplanting the purple perilla seedlings in the middle ten days of 4 months, wherein the soil in the seedling beds is wet and not sticky during seedling transplanting, and each hole is 9cm deep; transplanting the flue-cured tobacco seedlings in 4-month late every year, and watering 3.0 jin/plant during transplanting;
fifthly, field management and harvesting baking:
when the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the stirring materials of dixon and fine soil are scattered on the base parts of tobacco plants, after the transplanted tobacco seedlings survive, the film is timely uncovered, intertillage weeding and ridging are carried out, and topping and stubble cleaning are timely carried out in the later period. The tobacco plants are left with 20-24 effective leaves, the tobacco leaves begin to be harvested in the middle of 8 months each year, the tobacco stalks are timely pulled out after the harvesting of the tobacco plants is finished, the growth of the purple perilla is promoted, and the purple perilla is harvested in the middle of 10 months.
Example 2
Firstly, seedling culture:
floating seedling culture is carried out on the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla, and the seedling culture time of the flue-cured tobacco is from the middle and last ten days of 2 months to the last ten days of 3 months.
Secondly, fertilizing:
320 jin of base fertilizer and 16 jin of shell powder are applied before ridging, wherein:
the dosage of the base fertilizer is as follows: 70 jin/mu of compound fertilizer, wherein N is P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O is 1: 2; 50 jin/mu of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, 50 jin/mu of bean cake fertilizer and 150 jin/mu of soil miscellaneous fertilizer.
Thirdly, ridging:
the width of the ridge is 0.35m of the upper ridge and 0.55m of the lower ridge;
the ridge height is 0.4m, the tobacco ridge spacing is 1.1m, the row spacing between the purple perilla and the flue-cured tobacco is 55cm, the plant spacing between tobacco plants is 0.5m, the plant spacing between the purple perilla is 0.4m, the purple perilla is planted in an interlaced way, and one row of purple perilla is planted between two rows of flue-cured tobacco.
Fourthly, transplanting:
transplanting the purple perilla seedlings in the middle ten days of 4 months, wherein the soil in the seedling beds is wet and not sticky during seedling transplanting, and each hole is 12cm deep; transplanting the flue-cured tobacco seedlings in 4-month late every year, and watering 2.0 jin/plant during transplanting;
fifthly, field management and harvesting baking:
when the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the stirring materials of dixon and fine soil are scattered on the base parts of tobacco plants, after the transplanted tobacco seedlings survive, the film is timely uncovered, intertillage weeding and ridging are carried out, and topping and stubble cleaning are timely carried out in the later period. The tobacco plants are left with 20-24 effective leaves, the tobacco leaves begin to be harvested in the middle of 8 months each year, the tobacco stalks are timely pulled out after the harvesting of the tobacco plants is finished, the growth of the purple perilla is promoted, and the purple perilla is harvested in the middle of 10 months.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: base fertilizer and shell powder are not applied in a strip mode.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: shell powder is not applied.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: base fertilizer is not applied in a strip mode.
Test example 1
Soil sampling is carried out by selecting soil between lines in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 in 4 periods of 4 months and 15 days (flue-cured tobacco transplanting earlier stage), 6 months and 15 days (flue-cured tobacco vigorous growth stage), 7 months and 15 days (flue-cured tobacco bud stage) and 8 months and 15 days (flue-cured tobacco mature stage) by adopting a five-point sampling method:
removing the floating soil on the surface of the tobacco field, adopting soil with the depth of 5-20 cm below the soil surface, filling the soil into a sterile self-sealing plastic bag, placing the plastic bag into a low-temperature foam box filled with a biological ice bag, taking the plastic bag back, and placing the plastic bag into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use. And taking out the soil sample, removing impurities such as weeding stones and the like, air-drying, uniformly mixing, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and measuring nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, wherein the obtained result is shown in the figure 1-3.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the intercropping methods of examples 1 and 2 have improved rapid-acting nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil and reduced potassium content in the soil compared to the intercropping methods of comparative examples 1 to 3. The nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil is increased because the content of microorganisms in the soil is increased after the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla are intercropped, and the soil property is improved. The potassium content in the soil is reduced because the flue-cured tobacco planting has a large demand on potassium, the potassium content in the soil is reduced, the potassium content in the tobacco leaves is improved, the combustibility of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is improved, and the improvement of the quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is facilitated.
Test example 2
The contents of part of chemical components in the tobacco leaves harvested in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 and the quality of the tobacco leaves were measured, and the results are shown in tables 1-4.
Wherein, the content of reducing sugar and total sugar in tobacco leaves is determined by the method specified in YC/T159-2002 tobacco and tobacco product water-soluble sugar determination continuous flow method;
the nicotine content is determined by the method specified in YC/T160-2002 tobacco and tobacco product total plant alkaloid determination continuous flow method;
the total nitrogen content is measured by a method specified in YC/T161-2002 tobacco and tobacco product total nitrogen measuring continuous flow method;
the potassium content was measured by the method specified in YC/T217-2007 continuous flow method for measuring potassium in tobacco and tobacco products.
TABLE 1 chemical composition in tobacco leaves
TABLE 2 first-class smoke ratio
Note: the evaluation standard of the superior cigarette is defined in GB 2635-1992 cured tobacco.
TABLE 3 flue-cured tobacco output values
TABLE 4 Perilla yield values
As can be seen from Table 1, by measuring two grades (X2F and B2F) of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, it was found that the intercropping of examples 1-2 changed the contents of partial chemical components in the superior tobacco leaves, such as increased reducing sugar content and total sugar content, decreased total nitrogen content, increased nicotine content, and the like, compared with the intercropping of comparative examples 1-3; the content of part of chemical components in medium tobacco leaves is obviously changed.
As can be seen from table 2, the proportion of the upper grade tobacco in the overall tobacco leaf quality is significantly improved after the intercropping treatment of the embodiments 1 to 2.
As can be seen from tables 3 to 4, the yield of the intercropping treatment in the examples 1 to 2 is remarkably improved compared with the intercropping treatment in the comparative examples 1 to 3.
The tests show that compared with direct intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla and single strip application of base fertilizer or shell powder, the method for intercropping the flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla can obviously improve the soil property and the quality of the tobacco leaves after the intercropping of the embodiments 1-2, so that the yield and the output value of the tobacco leaves and the purple perilla are greatly improved. The condition that the base fertilizer and the shell powder are applied in a strip mode to conduct intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla can synergistically promote the quality of the flue-cured tobacco and the proportion of first-class tobacco.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) turning over and ridging, and applying base fertilizer and shell powder to the furrows before ridging to obtain pretreated soil;
(2) respectively growing seedlings of the perilla and the flue-cured tobacco, transplanting seedlings of the perilla in the middle ten days of 4 months, transplanting seedlings of the flue-cured tobacco in the last ten days of 4 months, and intercropping the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla; performing daily management on the flue-cured tobacco and the purple perilla; the tobacco leaves are harvested in the middle ten days of 8 months, and the purple perilla is harvested in the last ten days of 10 months.
2. The high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the base fertilizer comprises: compound fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, cake fertilizer and soil miscellaneous fertilizer.
3. The high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 70-100 jin/mu, wherein N is P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O is 1: 2; said sulfuric acidThe dosage of the potassium compound fertilizer is 30-50 jin/mu; the dosage of the cake fertilizer is 50-80 jin/mu; the dosage of the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is 80-150 jin/mu.
4. The high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the amount of the shell powder accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the base fertilizer.
5. The high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ridging specification is as follows: the width of the upper ridge is 0.3-0.35m, the width of the lower ridge is 0.5-0.55m, the height of the ridge is 0.3-0.4m, and the ridge distance of the flue-cured tobacco is 1.1 m.
6. The high-yield planting method for interplanting of flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the purple perilla seedlings are transplanted, soil in seedling beds needs to be moist and not sticky, and each hole is 9-12cm deep.
7. The high-yield planting method for interplanting flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are watered by 2.0-3.0 jin/plant when being transplanted.
8. The high-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the intercropping is as follows: and planting a row of purple perilla between every two rows of flue-cured tobaccos.
9. The high-yield planting method for interplanting of flue-cured tobacco and perilla according to claim 8, wherein the row spacing of the perilla to the flue-cured tobacco is 55 cm; the plant spacing of the flue-cured tobacco is 0.5m, and the plant spacing of the purple perilla is 0.4 m.
10. The use of the high-yield planting method for the intercropping of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 for improving the yield of the flue-cured tobacco and the perilla frutescens.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210518892.9A CN114902925B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210518892.9A CN114902925B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114902925A true CN114902925A (en) | 2022-08-16 |
| CN114902925B CN114902925B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
Family
ID=82767474
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210518892.9A Active CN114902925B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114902925B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885751A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 彭国平 | Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla |
| CN106105752A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco fall nitrogen density upgrading cultural method |
| CN106305069A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for controlling tobacco diseases and pests by means of intercropping tobacco with purple perilla |
| CN106631619A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河南艾农生物科技有限公司 | Special high-carbon based soil remediation fertilizer for tobacco fields and production method and application method thereof |
| CN109438131A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer special for tobacco material and preparation method thereof suitable for local dwelling in Wannan |
| CN110915395A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-03-27 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Combed fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco planting |
| CN112931124A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 河南农业大学 | Disease-resistant aroma-raising cultivation fertilizing method based on organic tobacco planting |
| CN113317156A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-31 | 山东潍坊烟草有限公司 | Nitrogen-reducing synergistic flue-cured tobacco optimized cultivation technology |
| CN113973679A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东日照烟草有限公司 | Cultivation and planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and salvia miltiorrhiza |
-
2022
- 2022-05-13 CN CN202210518892.9A patent/CN114902925B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885751A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 彭国平 | Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla |
| CN106105752A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco fall nitrogen density upgrading cultural method |
| CN106305069A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for controlling tobacco diseases and pests by means of intercropping tobacco with purple perilla |
| CN106631619A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河南艾农生物科技有限公司 | Special high-carbon based soil remediation fertilizer for tobacco fields and production method and application method thereof |
| CN109438131A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer special for tobacco material and preparation method thereof suitable for local dwelling in Wannan |
| CN110915395A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-03-27 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Combed fertilization method for flue-cured tobacco planting |
| CN112931124A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 河南农业大学 | Disease-resistant aroma-raising cultivation fertilizing method based on organic tobacco planting |
| CN113317156A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-31 | 山东潍坊烟草有限公司 | Nitrogen-reducing synergistic flue-cured tobacco optimized cultivation technology |
| CN113973679A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东日照烟草有限公司 | Cultivation and planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and salvia miltiorrhiza |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨宇虹, 崔国明, 黄必志, 张家伟, 方亮: "钙对烤烟产质量及其主要植物学性状的影响", 云南农业大学学报, no. 02, 25 June 1999 (1999-06-25), pages 27 - 31 * |
| 柴冠群: "不同改良剂对重庆植烟土壤镉生物有效性的影响", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》, no. 2, pages 162 - 31 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114902925B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105961118B (en) | Method for interplanting pasture in tea-oil tree field for feeding and stocking poultry | |
| CN102487676A (en) | Method of planting herba houttuyniae in greenhouse | |
| LU500677B1 (en) | Rainwater-harvesting planting method of ridge film furrow planting of flue-cured tobaccos | |
| CN113973679A (en) | Cultivation and planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and salvia miltiorrhiza | |
| CN105453753B (en) | Method for treating fritillaria cirrhosa seeds and fritillaria cirrhosa cultivation method | |
| CN111226727A (en) | Tobacco-autumn pea double cropping planting method | |
| CN112616351A (en) | Green manure returning and fertilizing method | |
| CN111226729A (en) | Tobacco-rape self-flow irrigation double-cropping planting method in southwest tobacco area | |
| CN111226728A (en) | Tobacco-rape double-cropping efficient planting method in northern cold-cold tobacco area | |
| CN110495359B (en) | Cabbage heart planting method for improving edible quality and slowing down lignification of tender stems | |
| CN113213996B (en) | Root promoting agent for promoting growth of cigar root system and preparation and use methods thereof | |
| CN111727832A (en) | Purple cloud red core sweet potato double-cropping cultivation method | |
| CN106613172A (en) | Method for original ecological planting of genuine shorthairy antenoron in Guangdong Conghua Heavenly lake | |
| CN112470830B (en) | Seed propagation technology of rhizoma atractylodis in asteraceae | |
| CN114902925B (en) | High-yield planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and purple perilla | |
| CN110896809B (en) | Efficient cultivation method for intercropping corn and chrysanthemum nankingense | |
| CN107318451A (en) | Sorghum two is than empty many plants of planting culture methods | |
| CN109287233B (en) | Water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation method suitable for dry-season tobacco field | |
| CN115024175B (en) | Method for improving soil properties and tobacco leaf quality by intercropping flue-cured tobacco and agastache rugosus | |
| CN113632690A (en) | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots | |
| CN112425436A (en) | Planting method for intercropping blueberry and asparagus cochinchinensis | |
| CN110741888A (en) | Fresh corn planting method suitable for northern area | |
| CN115136862B (en) | Cultivation method for preventing and controlling tobacco aphids and improving quality of flue-cured tobacco by intercropping flue-cured tobacco and woad | |
| CN110612866A (en) | Dragon fruit planting method for reducing allelopathy of plants | |
| LU501250B1 (en) | Saline land improver for wheat cultivation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |