CN104885751A - Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla - Google Patents
Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885751A CN104885751A CN201510275081.0A CN201510275081A CN104885751A CN 104885751 A CN104885751 A CN 104885751A CN 201510275081 A CN201510275081 A CN 201510275081A CN 104885751 A CN104885751 A CN 104885751A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla and belongs to the technical field of modern Chinese herbal medicine cultivation. The cultivation method specifically includes the steps that a violet perilla variety is selected, after being soaked in warm water with the temperature ranging from 40 DEG C to 45 DEG C, seedlings are cultivated in a floating mode or through a seedbed, the seedlings are transplanted after the tobacco is earthed up for the last time, the interval between the seedlings and the tobacco ranges from 25 cm to 30 cm in the transplanting process, the seedlings are watered by root fixing water, weeding and fertilization are conducted in the seedling management period, and fertilizer is applied to the positions 10 cm to 15 cm away from plants; after the tobacco is harvested, fertilizer and water management is conducted on the perilla, and finally the perilla is harvested. In the cultivation method, the perilla is interplanted to restrain tobacco diseases to a certain degree; root systems of the perilla at the early stage are small and can not contend with the tobacco for the fertilizer; the transplanting period of the perilla is proper, so that the perilla does not contend with the tobacco for space; the planting cost of the perilla is low, and the economic benefit of each mu of the perilla is calculated according to the price of medicinal materials and is over 2000 yuan/mu.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern Chinese herbal medicine cultivation technology field, particularly a kind of cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant.
Background technology
In south China mountain area, mountain planting tobacco is commonplace.Strive ground for avoiding or reducing cigarette, grain and other crops, often take intercropping, crop rotation technology, to raise the multiple-cropping index, increase crop yield.Interplant or crop rotation cereal crops at cigarette, as with cereals crops such as wheat, barley, summer corn, Chinese sorghum, autumn corn, buckwheats for previous crop, carry out " cigarette-grain " pattern of crop rotation with tobacco; Using sweet potato, potato as " cigarette-potato " pattern of interplanting crops; Using watermelon, navel orange as interplanting crops " cigarette-really " pattern, also has interplanting crops " cigarette-herbage " pattern using the herbage such as perennial ryegrass, Grain Production of Amaranthus as tobacco etc.These interplantings, rotation system have test in Dongzhou Period in Chuxiong, Guizhou, Baise of Guangxi, Henan, Deng Yan district, Anhui and promote, and " cigarette-potato " overlap operation mode in Shaoyang in Hunan Province, Deng Yan district, the western Hunan takes on a certain scale.By interplanting or crop rotation, the continuous cropping obstacle of tobacco can be overcome on the one hand, reduce the damage by disease and insect of tobacco, can land utilization rate be improved on the other hand, increase tobacco grower's income.But the economic benefit of above several interplanting, rotation crop is all lower, and tuber crops disease is serious, nematode of sweet potato has had infection tobacco and has caused the report of serious harm; Melon and fruit, vegetables biomass are comparatively large, strive fertile serious, affect tobacco production and quality with tobacco; " cigarette-rice " crop rotation is at present optimum cigarette district rotation system, but this pattern is not suitable for mountain area, can only be limited to enrich in water resource, region, rice field that height above sea level is low and tobacco crop rotation.In above cover operation mode, be all some grains and non-staple foodstuff crop, and the interplanting of tobacco and medicine-food two-purpose crop purple perilla is not also successfully reported.Application number: method that 201310667706.9 " a kind of alternating methods improving cigarette land output value " describe " crop rotation of cigarette-rape-sweet potato-green manure-cigarette "; Application number: 201010162601.4 " production methods of field of planting cured tobacco interplanting herbage stock keeping, fowl circulation pattern " describe and interplant herbage in the ground of plantation flue-cured tobacco, the herbage of gathering is used for stock keeping, if sheep raising or foster fowl are as goose, plant sweet sorghum around the ground of plantation flue-cured tobacco interplanting herbage simultaneously and make the method for isolation strip; Application number: 201210206128.4 " a kind of alternating methods improving quality of tobacco " describe flue-cured tobacco → green manure-sweet potato → green manure-flue-cured tobacco shifting cultivation method; Application number: 20,081,006 9973.5 " a kind of implantation methods overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco " describe application flue-cured tobacco and peanut or sweet potato in turn intercropping plant solve the method for continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco; Application number: the production method of interplanting autumn corn after 201410612184.7 " interplanting autumn corn high-yield cultivating method after a kind of cigarette " describe cigarette; Application number: 201410612055.8 " interplanting autumn Chinese sorghum high-yield cultivating method after a kind of cigarette " describe the production method of maize planting after cigarette; Application number: 201210415080.8 " the high-yield planting methods of a kind of applicable mountain area flue-cured tobacco interplanting rape " describe a kind of applicable mountain area field of planting cured tobacco and take no-tillage cover to broadcast, rob the yield of Brassica napus L interplanting method that rainwater sows fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes; (1) application number applied for by Hongyunhonghe Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd.: a kind of 201310092186.3 " tobacco planting methods utilizing lemon-grass to improve quality of tobacco ", (2) application number: a kind of 201310092488.0 " tobacco planting methods utilizing Hyssopus officinalis to improve quality of tobacco ", (3) application number: a kind of 201310092487.6 " tobacco planting methods utilizing lavender to improve quality of tobacco ", (4) application number: a kind of 201310092544.0 " tobacco planting methods utilizing borse balm to improve quality of tobacco ", (5) application number: a kind of 201310092647.7 " tobacco planting methods utilizing Damask Rose to improve quality of tobacco ", (6) application number: 201310092525.8 " a kind of tobacco planting method utilizing Herba Lysimachiae foenumgraeci to improve quality of tobacco " (7) application number: a kind of 201310092815.2 " tobacco planting methods utilizing rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis to improve quality of tobacco ", " 1+1 " flue-cured tobacco Intercropping model utilizing above 7 Plants to have employed " a line flue-cured tobacco "+" one in the ranks Plants " respectively improves quality of tobacco.
In the interplanting of tobacco and purple perilla, first the feature of tobacco growing and production will be understood, tobacco is typical dry crop, biomass is very large, leaf growth is luxuriant, and March cultivates, according to physical features height, latitude difference, general late May to June, early and middle ten days started to get leaf baking, had toasted to August.Mid or late May is sweeping ridging operation once, is not suitable for before this interplanting other crops.Therefore interplanting crops just can must carry out after tobacco has been earthed up, in addition, tobacco leaf area in early stage is large, cover thick, the sunlight that lower floor's interplanting crops obtains is less, so, the interplanting crops selected will have certain happiness negative, certainly, the seedling replanting of interplanting crops is carried out under the moon covers condition, avoid the sun to be exposed to the sun, be conducive to improving seedling percent, the interplanting crops selected can not produce has harm or harmful effect to tobacco, mainly can not increase the weight of the damage by disease and insect of tobacco because of other crops of interplanting in the harm of damage by disease and insect, simultaneously, interplanting crops can not strive fertilizer with tobacco, particularly potash fertilizer, because as the tobacco relatively liking potassium crop, obtain quality better tobacco leaf, the supply of enough potassium must be had.The domestic complete set technology about purple perilla cultivation is little, and there is not been reported for the technology of interplanting with tobacco.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in prior art with not enough, make full use of existing complete set of equipments and the resource of tobacco planting, reduce production cost, a kind of efficient cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant is provided.Cultivation method of the present invention comprises the selection of purple perilla kind, the selection of purple perilla seedling raise period and seedling-cultivating method, purple perilla is suitable for the selection of transplanting time, purple perilla transplanting method, the management in purple perilla seedling replanting early stage, tobacco gather after the rich water quality management of purple perilla, the extermination of disease and insect pest of purple perilla, the gethering and processing of purple perilla, realizes efficient cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplanting.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant, and step comprises:
(1) selection of purple perilla kind: select purple purple perilla kind, the person of giving off a strong fragrance, can not select greenery purple perilla kind;
(2) purple perilla nursery: utilize tobacco leaf seedling-raising booth, select seedling medium to carry out floating seedlings or seedbed nursery, first by purple perilla seed 40-45 DEG C of emerge in worm water 15-30min, remove the floater of keeping afloat, pull the full seed sunk in water out, dry; Seedling raise period carries out in 1-3 week after tobacco leaf transplanting completes; According to temperature Change and the timely lid canopy of rainfall and should take off canopy in nursery stage management process, when the large ridging of tobacco leaf completes, height of seedling reaches 10-20cm, obtains purple perilla seedling;
(3) transplanting time: tobacco after last large ridging, in late May-mid-June, after choosing cloudy day or temperature are no more than the rain of 28 DEG C, fine day is transplanted sooner or later, and seedling needs band soil or carrying substrates to transplant; Need to remove the cigarette ground that bottom cigarette carries out structure optimization, after bottom cigarette is peelled off, carry out the transplanting of purple perilla immediately;
(4) transplanting method: purple perilla seedling must be with soil or carrying substrates; In the capable both sides of cigarette, the capable 25-30cm of distance cigarette, between two cigarette strains, and triangularity reconnaissance is transplanted between adjacent two cigarette strains, first shovel at transplanting point seedling hoe or seedling and dig mellow soil, then excavate the cave of a dark 10-15cm, purple perilla is planted into, every cave plants seedling 2 strain, keep root system to stretch, if root system is long, plant again in cave after the radicula of excessive portion can being cut, with periphery fine earth, ridge around purple perilla plant is become turtleback shape, curvature of the spinal column diameter 20-25cm; Irrigate normal root water after transplanting, normal root water is people and animals' liquid dung or the clear water of 1: 500-1000 times that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
(5) management of Seedling Stage: weed out the rank grass, coordinates weeding to carry out intertillage and loosens the soil; Transplant and within latter 15 days, water one time 1: 500-1000 become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate doubly, it is 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that every strain in 30th day applies 10-15g content, intertill and clean tillage is coordinated to apply together, fertilizer is evenly admixed in soil, and fertilising distance is from plant 10-15cm;
(6) tobacco gather after the rich water quality management of purple perilla: after upper tobacco leaf has been adopted, except weeds, intertill, and to apply 15-20g/ strain content be 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer simultaneously, adopt and to spread manuer in holes or fertilizer is mixed soil and applied in soil by ditch spread; After tobacco leaf has all been gathered, spray a dichlorvos+carbendazim;
(7) to gather purple perilla: after October early and middle ten days purple perilla seed major part maturation, gather immediately, perillaseed, caulis perllae, Su Ye collect respectively, dry rear packing and preserve.
The method of the floating seedlings described in step (2) is: with 72 holes or 36 hole seedling dishes, first disk hole is loaded the nutrient matrix of 70-80% volume, 2 purple perilla seeds are sowed in every hole, after finishing a dish, fill up disk hole by matrix; Put into the floating pool being added with nutrient solution, seedling disk base material clear water is drenched.
Seedbed seedling-cultivating method described in step (2) is: add base manure, and base manure mixes with soil in whole ground process, is flattened in seedbed, opens the wide railway carriage or compartment of 120cm, and the leveling of face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole, adds fine earth, is flattened by the fine earth in face, railway carriage or compartment with besom; Type of seeding: go according to 15-20cm line-spacing and broadcast, often row is sown into seed 20-30 grain; Or disseminate, every square metre is evenly sown into seed 100-150 grain, cover the thick farmyard manure of 1.5-2cm or add the raw thin sand and soil of fertilizer, use black plastic mulching, controlling weeds growth, face, railway carriage or compartment watering pot spills face, railway carriage or compartment.
Nursery stage management described in step (2) is specially: after having sowed, to often sprinkle water, keep seedling dish or face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, seedbed emerges more than 60%, throws off mulch film, emerges after 80%, 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed with sprayer, promote growth of seedling, within later every 10 days, spray once, within 30-40 days, can transplant; Period is noted weeding out the rank grass, and emerging neatly, spraying a dichlorvos and carbendazim prevention and elimination of disease and pests, within later every 10 days, spraying once.
Described in step (2) should lid canopy and take off canopy in time in nursery stage management process: temperature of shed remains on 20-25 DEG C; Skirt film to be opened every day or booth door is ventilated; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, skirt film is opened and breathe freely, lower the temperature; When temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, skirt film be opened, canopy film will be raised over half simultaneously, be beneficial to ventilative cooling; A dichlorvos and carbendazim within 3-5 days, is sprayed before transplanting.
Gathering described in step (7) is specially: broken apart by chopping by purple perilla plant flush with ground, sunning ground is tedded or 50.Toast at DEG C, after can being separated to seed, lay as perillaseed after seed, blade and stem are separated, collection blade is as Su Ye, and stem is cut into 0.8-1.2cm part as caulis perllae, after drying, respectively by perillaseed, Su Ye, caulis perllae centralized collection, packaging.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
1) the not total damage by disease and insect of purple purple perilla and tobacco, the interplanting of purple perilla also has certain effect suppressing tobacco diseases.
2) purple perilla is early stage what grow, and root system is little, can not strive fertilizer with tobacco.
3) purple perilla is after transplanting, and owing to there being the covering of tobacco leaf, although transplanting time is more late, survival rate is all very high.
4) transplant purple perilla at suitable transplanting time, purple perilla can not strive space with tobacco, and after tobacco has been gathered, purple perilla can continued growth, and output is high.
5) every mu of economic benefit of purple perilla is calculated according to price of medicinal material, more than 2000 yuan/mu, interplants lower than the independent planting cost of purple perilla.
6) facility that carries over after can effectively utilizing tobacco seedling of purple perilla nursery, decreases investment, improves the availability of seedling growth greenhouse.Purple perilla plantation and tobacco planting farming season out of question.
7) high effective model that can increase the benefit with utilizing cigarette as tobacco leaf production base tobacco grower of this project.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Tobacco and purple perilla are carried out a cultivation method of interplanting, step comprises:
(1) selection of purple perilla kind: select purple purple perilla kind, the person of giving off a strong fragrance, can not select greenery purple perilla kind;
(2) purple perilla nursery: utilize tobacco leaf seedling-raising booth, select seedling medium to carry out floating seedlings or seedbed nursery, first by purple perilla seed 40-45 DEG C of emerge in worm water 15-30min, remove the floater of keeping afloat, pull heavy underwater full seed out, dry; Seedling raise period carries out in 1-3 week after tobacco leaf transplanting completes, and carries out nursery stage management, and when the large ridging of tobacco leaf completes, height of seedling reaches 10-20cm, obtains purple perilla seedling;
Floating seedlings culturing method: with 72 holes or 36 hole seedling dishes, first disk hole is loaded the matrix of 70-80% volume, every hole sows 2, after finishing a dish, fills up disk hole by matrix; Put into the floating pool being added with nutrient solution, seedling disk base material clear water is drenched;
Seedbed seedling-cultivating method: add base manure, base manure mixes with soil in whole ground process, is flattened in seedbed, opens the wide railway carriage or compartment of 120cm, and the leveling of face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole, adds fine earth, is flattened by the fine earth in face, railway carriage or compartment with besom; Type of seeding: go according to 15-20cm line-spacing and broadcast, often row is sown into seed 20-30 grain; Or disseminate, every square metre is evenly sown into seed 100-150 grain, cover the thick farmyard manure of 1.5-2cm or add the raw thin sand and soil of fertilizer, use black plastic mulching, controlling weeds growth, face, railway carriage or compartment watering pot spills face, railway carriage or compartment;
Nursery stage manage: after having sowed, often sprinkle water, keep seedling dish or face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, seedbed emerges more than 60%, throw off mulch film, emerge after 80%, spray 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate with sprayer, promote growth of seedling, after, within every 10 days, spray once, within 30-40 days, can transplant; Period is noted weeding out the rank grass, and emerging neatly, spraying a dichlorvos and carbendazim prevention and elimination of disease and pests, within later every 10 days, spraying once;
Timely lid canopy and take off canopy: temperature of shed remains on 20-25 DEG C; Skirt film to be opened every day or booth door is ventilated; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, skirt film is opened and breathe freely, lower the temperature; When temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, skirt film be opened, canopy film will be raised over half simultaneously, be beneficial to ventilative cooling; Once event dichlorvos and carbendazim within 3-5 days, is sprayed before transplanting;
(3) transplanting time: tobacco after last large ridging, in late May-mid-June, after choosing cloudy day or temperature are no more than the rain of 28 DEG C, fine day is transplanted sooner or later, and band soil or carrying substrates are transplanted; If planted with carrying out the cigarette of structure optimization bottom cigarette will be removed, after bottom cigarette is peelled off, the transplanting of purple perilla can be carried out immediately;
(4) transplanting method: seedling must be with soil or carrying substrates; In the capable both sides of cigarette, the capable 25-30cm of distance cigarette, between two cigarette strains, and between adjacent two cigarette strains, triangularity reconnaissance is transplanted, first dig mellow soil at transplanting point seedling hoe or seedling shovel, then excavate the cave of a dark 10-15cm, purple perilla is planted into, root system be kept to stretch, if root system is long, long root system can be cut, ridge around purple perilla plant is become turtleback shape by periphery fine earth, curvature of the spinal column diameter 20-25cm; Irrigate normal root water after transplanting, normal root water is good with people and animals' liquid dung of become thoroughly decomposed 1: 500-1000 times;
(5) management of Seedling Stage: in tobacco flue-curing early stage, tobacco leaf coverage rate is high, person because of effect better, now, purple perilla has been taken root and has been survived, but utilizes few due to sunlight, purple perilla poor growth, thin and delicate, now will carry out seedling-protection, keep a full stand of seedings; Major measure is: a, weed out the rank grass in time, coordinates weeding to carry out intertilling loosely soil; B, transplant and within latter 15 days, water one time 1: 500-1000 become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate doubly, it is 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that every strain in 30th day applies 10-15g content, intertill and clean tillage is coordinated to apply together, fertilizer is evenly admixed in soil, and fertilising distance is from plant 10-15cm;
(6) tobacco gather after the rich water quality management of purple perilla: after upper tobacco leaf has been baked, generally except weeds, intertill, and to apply 15-20g/ strain content be 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, fertilizer is mixed soil and is applied in soil simultaneously; As arid, drought resisting be carried out watering; After tobacco leaf has all been gathered, spray a dichlorvos+carbendazim;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: focus on seedling stage and manage the extermination of disease and insect pest of phase after adopting cigarette, adopting the cigarette phase can not use agricultural chemicals, to keep the safety of tobacco leaf; After executing a dichlorvos+carbendazim to early September, any agricultural chemicals can not be applied again;
(8) gethering and processing: after the most of maturation of early and middle ten days purple perilla seed in October, gather immediately, plant flush with ground is broken apart by chopping, sunning ground is tedded or toasts at 50 DEG C, after can being separated to seed, lay after seed as perillaseed, blade and stem are separated, collect blade as Su Ye, stem is cut into about 1cm part as caulis perllae, after drying, respectively by perillaseed, Su Ye, caulis perllae centralized collection, packaging.
The not total damage by disease and insect of purple purple perilla and tobacco in above-mentioned cultivation method, the interplanting of purple perilla also has certain effect suppressing tobacco diseases; Purple perilla is early stage growth, and root system is little, can not strive fertilizer with tobacco; Purple perilla is after transplanting, and owing to there being the covering of tobacco leaf, although transplanting time is more late, survival rate is all very high; Transplant purple perilla at suitable transplanting time, purple perilla can not strive space with tobacco, and after tobacco has been adopted, purple perilla can continued growth, and output is high; Every mu of economic benefit of purple perilla is calculated according to price of medicinal material, and more than 2000 yuan/mu, and purple perilla planting cost is low; The facility carried over after purple perilla nursery effectively can utilize tobacco seedling, decreases investment, improves the availability of seedling growth greenhouse.Purple perilla plantation and tobacco planting farming season out of question; The high effective model that this project can be increased the benefit as tobacco leaf production base tobacco grower with utilizing cigarette.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. tobacco and purple perilla are carried out a cultivation method of interplanting, it is characterized in that concrete steps comprise:
(1) selection of purple perilla kind: select purple purple perilla kind, the person of giving off a strong fragrance, can not select greenery purple perilla kind;
(2) purple perilla nursery: utilize tobacco leaf seedling-raising booth, select seedling medium to carry out floating seedlings or seedbed nursery, first by purple perilla seed 40-45 DEG C of emerge in worm water 15-30min, remove the floater of keeping afloat, pull the full seed sunk in water out, dry; Seedling raise period carries out in 1-3 week after tobacco leaf transplanting completes; According to temperature Change and the timely lid canopy of rainfall and should take off canopy in nursery stage management process, when the large ridging of tobacco leaf completes, height of seedling reaches 10-20cm, obtains purple perilla seedling;
(3) transplanting time: tobacco after last large ridging, in late May-mid-June, after choosing cloudy day or temperature are no more than the rain of 28 DEG C, fine day is transplanted sooner or later, and seedling needs band soil or carrying substrates to transplant; Need to remove the cigarette ground that bottom cigarette carries out structure optimization, after bottom cigarette is peelled off, carry out the transplanting of purple perilla immediately;
(4) transplanting method: purple perilla seedling must be with soil or carrying substrates; In the capable both sides of cigarette, the capable 25-30cm of distance cigarette, between two cigarette strains, and triangularity reconnaissance is transplanted between adjacent two cigarette strains, first shovel at transplanting point seedling hoe or seedling and dig mellow soil, then excavate the cave of a dark 10-15cm, purple perilla is planted into, every cave plants seedling 2 strain, keep root system to stretch, if root system is long, plant again in cave after the radicula of excessive portion can being cut, with periphery fine earth, ridge around purple perilla plant is become turtleback shape, curvature of the spinal column diameter 20-25cm; Irrigate normal root water after transplanting, normal root water is people and animals' liquid dung or the clear water of 1: 500-1000 times that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
(5) management of Seedling Stage: weed out the rank grass, coordinates weeding to carry out intertillage and loosens the soil; Transplant and within latter 15 days, water one time 1: 500-1000 become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate doubly, it is 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that every strain in 30th day applies 10-15g content, intertill and clean tillage is coordinated to apply together, fertilizer is evenly admixed in soil, and fertilising distance is from plant 10-15cm;
(6) tobacco gather after the rich water quality management of purple perilla: after upper tobacco leaf has been adopted, except weeds, intertill, and to apply 15-20g/ strain content be 15%-15%-15% nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer simultaneously, adopt and to spread manuer in holes or fertilizer is mixed soil and applied in soil by ditch spread; After tobacco leaf has all been gathered, spray a dichlorvos+carbendazim;
(7) to gather purple perilla: after October early and middle ten days purple perilla seed major part maturation, gather immediately, perillaseed, caulis perllae, Su Ye collect respectively, dry rear packing and preserve.
2. cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for the floating seedlings described in step (2) is: with 72 holes or 36 hole seedling dishes, first disk hole is loaded the nutrient matrix of 70-80% volume, the purple perilla seed 2 of every hole sowing through soaking, after finishing a dish, fill up disk hole by matrix; Put into the floating pool being added with nutrient solution, seedling disk base material clear water is drenched.
3. cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seedbed seedling-cultivating method described in step (2) is: add base manure, base manure mixes with soil in whole ground process, seedbed is flattened, open the wide railway carriage or compartment of 120cm, the leveling of face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole, adds fine earth, is flattened by the fine earth in face, railway carriage or compartment with besom; Type of seeding: go according to 15-20cm line-spacing and broadcast, often row is sown into seed 20-30 grain; Or disseminate, every square metre is evenly sown into seed 100-150 grain, cover the thick farmyard manure of 1.5-2cm or add the raw thin sand and soil of fertilizer, use black plastic mulching, controlling weeds growth, face, railway carriage or compartment watering pot spills face, railway carriage or compartment.
4. cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nursery stage management described in step (2) is specially: after having sowed, to often sprinkle water, keep seedling dish or face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, seedbed emerges more than 60%, throw off mulch film, emerge after 80%, spray 0.2% urea+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate with sprayer, promote growth of seedling, within every 10 days later, spray once, within 30-40 days, can transplant; Period is noted extracting weeds, emerging neatly, spraying a dichlorvos and carbendazim prevention and elimination of disease and pests, within later every 10 days, spraying once.
5. cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step (2) should lid canopy and take off canopy in time in nursery stage management process: temperature of shed remains on 20-25 DEG C; Skirt film to be opened every day or booth door is ventilated; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, skirt film is opened and breathe freely, lower the temperature; When temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, skirt film be opened, canopy film will be raised over half simultaneously, be beneficial to ventilative cooling; A dichlorvos and carbendazim within 3-5 days, is sprayed before transplanting.
6. cultivation method tobacco and purple perilla being carried out interplant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gathering described in step (7) is specially: purple perilla plant flush with ground is broken apart by chopping, sunning ground is tedded or toasts at 50 DEG C, after can being separated to seed, laying after seed as perillaseed, blade and stem are separated, collect blade as Su Ye, stem is cut into 0.8-1.2cm part as caulis perllae, after drying, respectively by perillaseed, Su Ye, caulis perllae centralized collection, packaging.
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| CN106954441A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-07-18 | 贵州省施秉县云台山林农科技开发有限公司 | A kind of perillaseed and the interplanting method of water spinach |
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| CN114303775A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting oil purple perilla in carya illinoensis sapling forest |
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