CN114731857B - Cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 241000208689 Eucommia ulmoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000208688 Eucommia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
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- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N isomaltotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)O1 FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a cultivation method of economic tree species, and particularly relates to a cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pruning: shearing new annual branches of old trees into 15-20cm cuttings before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, wherein each branch has 3-5 buds; (2) cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cutting into regular inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; (3) post-cutting management: after the transplanting, the transplanting can be carried out after the transplanting is carried out thoroughly and fertilized once, and the transplanting can be carried out in spring of the next year. The eucommia ulmoides treated by the method has the advantages of high rooting rate, short rooting time, developed root system, strong and luxuriant rooting, and has important economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a cultivation method of economic tree species, and particularly relates to a cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides.
Background
Eucommia ulmoides (academic name Eucommia ulmoides Oliver), also known as bakelite, is a eucommia ulmoides plant of the family eucommia, and medicinal eucommia ulmoides, namely the dried bark of eucommia ulmoides plant of the family eucommia, is a rare tonic medicinal material in China. It is sweet in flavor and warm in nature. Has effects in invigorating liver and kidney, strengthening tendons and bones, regulating thoroughfare and conception vessels, and preventing miscarriage. Can be used for treating lumbago, skelalgia, soreness of waist, weakness, and pruritus caused by kidney-yang deficiency, and abnormal fetus caused by liver-qi deficiency.
It is listed as the top-grade in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing. Eucommia ulmoides is taken as a common traditional Chinese medicine in a modern traditional Chinese medicine prescription, the medicinal part of the eucommia ulmoides is bark, the regenerability of the bark is limited, the new eucommia ulmoides grows slowly, and the current medicinal material resources of the eucommia ulmoides can not meet the market demands, so that research on an eucommia ulmoides cultivation technology is urgently needed, and rooting and seedling formation of the eucommia ulmoides are improved. The cultivation technology of eucommia ulmoides in the prior art mainly comprises seed propagation, cutting propagation, root injury germination propagation, tissue culture and the like. The seed propagation method is adopted, so that the growth activity of plants is good, the vitality is strong, but the cultivation time is long; the seedling raising time of cutting propagation is shorter, but the rooting rate and the survival rate are far lower than those of seed propagation because of asexual propagation, so that the cultivation and the utilization of eucommia ulmoides medicinal materials are restricted. Therefore, the development of a method with good cutting propagation technology, high rooting rate and high cultivation survival rate becomes an important research subject for eucommia planting.
The Chinese patent application CN106105985A discloses a method for cutting and rapid propagation of eucommia ulmoides, which comprises the following steps: collecting cutting slips; preparing a cutting seedling bed, wherein a substrate of the seedling bed consists of peat, mushroom residues, mulberry twig powder and vermiculite in a weight ratio of 10:2-3:3-4:2-4, and the substrate is sprayed with a carbendazim liquid with the concentration of 0.3% for sterilization and then is filled into a seedling cup; soaking and sterilizing the cutting slips in a carbendazim liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.3%, and then soaking the cutting slips in an indolebutyric acid liquid medicine with the concentration of 2000mg/L to obtain treated cutting slips; and (3) cutting the treated cutting slips into seedling raising cups.
The Chinese patent application CN112273383A discloses a plant growth regulator, a preparation method and application thereof and a cutting seedling raising method of improved variety shoots of eucommia ulmoides, wherein the plant growth regulator is mainly prepared by compounding naphthalene acetic acid, indolebutyric acid, gibberellin and 6-benzyl amino purine according to a specific proportion, and the survival rate of cutting improved variety shoots of eucommia ulmoides is improved through the synergistic compounding of the raw materials.
The method improves the traditional eucommia cutting propagation to a certain extent, but has no obvious effect on the rooting time of cutting propagation and the growth condition of root systems, and the factors can deeply influence the quality of eucommia medicinal materials and the propagation and growth of medicinal material resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cutting propagation technology with high rooting rate, developed root system and luxuriance of eucommia ulmoides.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
a cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides comprises the following steps:
(1) Pruning: shearing new annual branches of old trees into 15-20cm cuttings before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, wherein each branch has 3-5 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cutting into regular inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition to prepare a seedbed, and cutting;
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly after the transplanting, fertilizing once, and transplanting in spring of the next year;
wherein the nutritional composition of step (2) comprises indolebutyric acid, mixed volatile oil, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, dextran, and beta-cyclodextrin.
Preferably, the mass ratio of matrix to nutritional composition in step (2) is 3-5:1 and the temperature of the seedbed is 21-25 ℃.
Preferably, the matrix in the step (2) is formed by mixing leaf and stem traditional Chinese medicine residues with the mass ratio of 1-3:1 with fine soil after natural stacking fermentation.
Preferably, the dregs of a decoction consist of a mass ratio of 1:1-3:0.1-0.5:0.8-1.2 of residues obtained by extracting mixed volatile oil from folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae, and fermenting in field for three months
Preferably, the mass ratio of the indolebutyric acid to the mixed volatile oil is 1:0.5-1; the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the glucan is 0.4-0.8:0.5-1.
Preferably, the method for preparing the nutrient substance comprises the following steps: clathrating the mixed volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin, adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 80-85% ethanol, wet granulating, and oven drying.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mixed volatile oil to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1:5-8, wherein the inclusion time is 1.5-2h, and the inclusion temperature is 35-40 ℃.
Preferably, 6-10 days before pruning in the step (1), the top buds of the selected cuttings are subtracted; and (3) inserting cuttings into the seedbed according to the row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 6cm in the step (2).
Preferably, the fertilized fertilizer in the step (3) comprises dregs and a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the dregs to the compound fertilizer is 1:1-2, and 20-25 kg/mu of co-fertilization.
Preferably, the medicine residues are medicine residues obtained after extracting beautyberry and eucommia bark, and the mass ratio of the two medicine residues is 1:5-10; the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human excrement and urine, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 50-60:30-40:5-10:0.5-1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention mixes the nutrition composition containing the rooting liquid and the mixed volatile oil extracted from the callicarpa nudiflora leaves, the senecio scandens, the eucommia ulmoides leaves and the eucommia ulmoides seeds, adds sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glucan which are properly proportioned to prepare nutrition small particles, mixes the nutrition small particles into a cuttage matrix, pours proper amount of water into the cuttage branch after the cuttage branch swells with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glucan, and through verification, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the glucan have obvious synergy, and can slowly release the nutrition in the matrix into soil, thereby greatly improving the moisture retention of the soil, and playing a role of continuously promoting rooting and providing nutrition for eucommia ulmoides cuttings.
(2) The nutritional composition also comprises volatile oil inclusion compound, wherein the volatile oil is prepared by extracting callicarpa nudiflora leaf, climbing groundsel herb, eucommia ulmoides leaf and eucommia ulmoides seed, the volatile oil has various components and large molecular structure difference, and the beta-cyclodextrin inclusion condition is mainly inspected to obtain the quantity, the inclusion temperature and the optimal time of the beta-cyclodextrin suitable for inclusion. After the volatile oil is included, the root-promoting and nutrition-supplying effects are more durable, and the plant-growing and nutrition-supplying effects have a certain antibacterial and insect-resisting effect.
(3) The invention is supplemented with special fertilizer in the later period, and has high rooting rate, short rooting time, developed root system, strong and luxuriant rooting and important economic value through experiment in a test field.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description.
Example 1
A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides comprises the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, cutting off the top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, cutting the cuttings into cuttings of 20cm after 5 days, wherein each branch is provided with 5 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition in a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, wherein the row spacing of the cuttings is 10cm multiplied by 6cm, and the cuttings are inserted into a seedbed.
Wherein the matrix is prepared by extracting mixed volatile oil from folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 5 times of water at a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3:1 for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 3:1;
preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 3 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.5 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.4 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5 part of glucan;
firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain the inclusion compound.
And adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 85% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition.
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer is a Chinese medicine residue and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:1, wherein the Chinese medicine residue is 1:5, the medicinal residues after water extraction of beautyberry and eucommia bark, and the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 50:30:10:1. And co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
Example 2
A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides comprises the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, cutting off the top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, cutting the cuttings into cuttings of 15cm after 8 days, wherein each branch is provided with 4 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition according to a ratio of 4:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, wherein the row spacing of the cuttings is 10cm multiplied by 6cm, and the cuttings are inserted into a seedbed.
Wherein the matrix is prepared by extracting mixed volatile oil from folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 5 times of water at a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3:1 for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 5:1; the temperature of the seedbed is 21 DEG C
Preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 8 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 1 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.8 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of glucan;
firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain the inclusion compound.
And adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 80% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition.
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer comprises Chinese medicine residues and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:2, wherein the Chinese medicine residues are 1:10, and the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 60:40:10:1. And co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
Example 3
A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides comprises the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, cutting off the top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, cutting the cuttings into cuttings of 17cm after 8 days, wherein each branch is provided with 5 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition in a ratio of 5:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, wherein the row spacing of the cuttings is 10cm multiplied by 6cm, and the cuttings are inserted into a seedbed.
Wherein, the matrix consists of the following components in mass ratio of 1:2:0.3: extracting folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 6 times of water for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 3:1;
preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 4 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.6 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.6 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.6 part of glucan;
firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain the inclusion compound.
And adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 85% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition.
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer is a Chinese medicine residue and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:1, wherein the Chinese medicine residue is 1:10, and the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 50:30:5:1. And co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in the composition of the nutritional composition, specifically: 3 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.5 part of mixed volatile oil and 0.9 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The procedure of example 1 was used for the remainder.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 1 in the different proportions of the nutritional composition components, specifically: 3 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.5 part of mixed volatile oil and 0.9 part of glucan. The procedure of example 1 was used for the remainder.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the quality of the beta-cyclodextrin in the nutritional composition and the conditions of inclusion of the mixed volatile oil are different. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain the inclusion compound.
Wherein the dosage of beta-cyclodextrin is 4 times of the mixed volatile oil. The procedure of example 1 was used for the remainder.
Comparative example 4
The comparison example is different from the example 1 in that after the cuttage in the step (4), the fertilization is composed of 1:1 traditional Chinese medicine residues and a compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer is an organic fertilizer mixed fertilizer prepared from cow dung and human excrement in a mass ratio of 50:40. The procedure of example 1 was used for the remainder. And co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
Test 1
30 cuttings were cut according to the methods of the above examples and comparative examples, the rooting rate of cutting propagation of eucommia ulmoides of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was checked after 10 days, and the root conditions of the cuttings were checked, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 rooting conditions of eucommia ulmoides cutting propagation technology
Test example 2
Cutting 30 cuttings according to the methods of the examples and the comparative examples, transplanting the rooted cuttings in the middle 2 months of spring in the next year, wherein the transplanting row spacing is 2m, the plant spacing is 1.5m, the hole depth is excavated by 33cm during transplanting, applying 10 kg of animal manure to each hole, making a base fertilizer, putting seedlings into the holes, compacting after planting, watering frequently, and keeping soil moist; the survival was counted and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 influence of eucommia cutting propagation technique on transplanting survival conditions
| Grouping | Rooting cuttings/plants | Survival eucommia bark/plant |
| Example 1 | 30 | 30 |
| Example 2 | 30 | 29 |
| Example 3 | 29 | 29 |
| Comparative example 1 | 22 | 16 |
| Comparative example 2 | 25 | 20 |
| Comparative example 3 | 26 | 22 |
| Comparative example 4 | 22 | 14 |
The foregoing detailed description is directed to one of the possible embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but is to be accorded the full scope of all such equivalents and modifications so as not to depart from the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, shearing off top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, shearing the cuttings into cuttings of 20cm after 5 days, wherein each branch is provided with 5 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition in a ratio of 3:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, namely inserting cuttings into a seedbed according to the row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 6 cm;
wherein the matrix is prepared by extracting mixed volatile oil from folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 5 times of water at a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3:1 for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 3:1;
preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 3 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.5 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.4 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5 part of glucan; firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain an inclusion compound; adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 85% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition;
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer is a Chinese medicine residue and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:1, wherein the Chinese medicine residue is 1:5, extracting beautyberry and eucommia bark with water, wherein the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung and urine, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 50:30:10:1; and co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
2. A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, shearing off top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, shearing the cuttings into cuttings of 15cm after 8 days, wherein each branch is provided with 4 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition according to a ratio of 4:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, namely inserting cuttings into a seedbed according to the row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 6 cm;
wherein the matrix is prepared by extracting mixed volatile oil from folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 5 times of water at a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3:1 for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 5:1; the temperature of the seedbed is 21 ℃;
preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 8 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 1 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.8 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of glucan; firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain an inclusion compound; adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 80% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition;
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer comprises Chinese medicine residues and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:2, wherein the Chinese medicine residues are 1:10, wherein the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung and urine, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 60:40:10:1; and co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
3. A cutting propagation method of eucommia ulmoides is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pruning: selecting new branches of old tree in one year before the eucommia seedlings sprout in the next early spring, shearing off top buds of the selected cuttings before pruning, shearing the cuttings into cuttings of 17cm after 8 days, wherein each branch is provided with 5 buds;
(2) Cutting: cutting the upper and lower ends of the cuttings into neat inclined planes, uniformly mixing the matrix and the nutritional composition in a ratio of 5:1 to prepare a seedbed, and cutting; cutting, namely inserting cuttings into a seedbed according to the row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 6 cm;
wherein, the matrix consists of the following components in mass ratio of 1:2:0.3: extracting folium Callicarpae Formosanae, herba Senecionis Scandentis, folium Eucommiae and semen Eucommiae with 6 times of water for 5 hr, naturally stacking and fermenting the rest residues in field, and mixing with fine soil at a ratio of 3:1;
preparation of the nutritional composition: taking 4 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.6 part of mixed volatile oil, 0.6 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.6 part of glucan; firstly, adding water into beta-cyclodextrin to prepare beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 0.08g/mL, adding the mixed volatile oil into the beta-cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 200r/min, cooling, filtering, washing the precipitate with 1 time of water and ethanol in sequence, and drying to obtain an inclusion compound;
adding indolebutyric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and dextran, mixing, adding 85% ethanol, granulating by wet method, and oven drying to obtain nutritional composition;
(3) And (3) post-cutting management: watering thoroughly once after cutting, then fertilizing once, and transplanting in the next 2 th spring and middle month; the fertilized fertilizer is a Chinese medicine residue and compound fertilizer in a ratio of 1:1, wherein the Chinese medicine residue is 1:10, wherein the compound fertilizer consists of cow dung, human dung and urine, kelp powder and duck eggshell powder in a mass ratio of 50:30:5:1; and co-fertilizing 20 kg/mu.
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