CN114271072A

CN114271072A - Double-shielding type precision seedling raising and sowing device and method

Info

Publication number: CN114271072A
Application number: CN202111647335.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡斌; 孙胜; 毛自斌; 马金虎; 罗昕; 蔡一全; 徐洛川; 王健; 徐晓赟
Original assignee: Shihezi University
Current assignee: Shihezi University
Priority date: 2021-12-30
Filing date: 2021-12-30
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-30
Also published as: CN114271072B

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-shielding type precision seedling-raising and seeding device and a method. The roller is characterized in that the metal hole shielding layer is attached to the surface of the dielectric insulating layer to form a roller matrix, and holes adaptive to the shape characteristics and the size of seeds are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller matrix. Under the excitation of an electric field generated by a positive-voltage output electrode, charges with equal size and opposite polarity are generated on the surfaces of the dielectric insulating layer and the seeds, and the adsorption force is generated only in the holes under the action of opposite charges attraction and the metal hole shielding layer, so that the seeds are quantitatively adsorbed and taken; under the excitation of an electric field generated by the negative-pressure output electrode, the dielectric insulating layer and the surfaces of the seeds generate charges with the same polarity, and the seeds fall into the plug tray through the seed guide channel under the repulsion action of the charges with the same polarity, so that the precision seeding requirement is met.

Description

Double-shielding type precision seedling raising and sowing device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a double-shielding type precision seedling-raising and seeding device and method, and belongs to the field of precision seeding equipment.

Background

The hole tray seedling seeder is a core part of seedling seeding equipment, the most common application at home and abroad is the air suction type hole tray seedling seeder at present, in order to improve the seed taking precision and reduce the energy consumption, the existing air suction seeder generally adopts small-aperture long-lead suction holes, and the technical bottleneck problem that the seed discharging precision is reduced because the suction holes are always blocked when the existing air suction type hole tray seedling seeder faces small-size irregular vegetable seeds (such as linear hot peppers, processing tomatoes and the like) which contain more impurities and do not have pelleting is solved, and the application and popularization of the existing air suction type hole tray seedling seeder in the large-scale planting of the irregular small-particle vegetable seeds are restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a double-shielding type precision seedling raising and sowing device and method, and aims to solve the technical bottleneck problem that the seed sowing precision is reduced due to the blockage of suction holes of a traditional air suction seedling raising and sowing machine.

The invention relates to a double-shielding type precision seedling-raising and seeding device and a method. The roller is characterized in that a metal hole shielding layer is attached to the surface of a dielectric insulating layer to form a roller base body, holes adaptive to the shape characteristics and the size of seeds are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller base body, and a metal shielding plate divides the interior of the roller into a positive voltage output area of an electrostatic generator and a negative voltage output area of the electrostatic generator. Under the excitation of an electric field generated by a positive-voltage output electrode of an electrostatic generator, charges with equal size and opposite polarity are generated on the surfaces of a dielectric insulating layer and seeds, and the adsorption force is generated only in the holes under the action of opposite charges attraction and a metal hole shielding layer, so that the seeds are adsorbed and taken quantitatively; under the excitation of an electric field generated by a negative-pressure output electrode of an electrostatic generator, the dielectric insulating layer and the surfaces of the seeds generate charges with the same polarity, and the seeds fall into the hole tray through the seed guide channel under the repulsion action of the charges with the same polarity to meet the requirement of precision seeding.

Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the principle that opposite charges attract each other and same charges repel each other to carry out seed sowing, can effectively avoid the problem that the seed sowing precision is reduced due to the blockage of suction holes, and is beneficial to the popularization of mechanical precision seedling cultivation and sowing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-shielding precision seedling-raising and seeding device and method.

Fig. 2 is a functional partition diagram of a double-shielding type precision seedling-raising and seeding device and method.

Fig. 3 is an electric field and charge distribution diagram of a double-shielding precision seedling-raising and seeding device and method.

In the figure: 1-dielectric insulating layer, 2-seeds, 3-metal type hole shielding layer, 4-seed box, 5-brush, 6-static generator positive pressure output electrode, 7-metal shielding plate, 8-type hole, 9-static generator negative pressure output electrode, 10-seed guide channel, 11-plug tray, 12-conveyor belt.

Detailed Description

The structural principles and embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-3.

The invention relates to a double-shielding precision seeding device and a double-shielding precision seeding method, which mainly comprise a dielectric insulating layer (1), a metal hole shielding layer (3), a seed box (4), an electrostatic generator positive-pressure output electrode (6), a metal shielding plate (7), a hole (8), an electrostatic generator negative-pressure output electrode (9) and a hole disc (11). The electrostatic generator is characterized in that a metal type hole shielding layer (3) is attached to the surface of a dielectric insulating layer (1) to form a roller base body, type holes (8) which are adaptive to the shape characteristics and the size of seeds are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller base body, and the interior of the roller is divided into an electrostatic generator positive pressure output area and an electrostatic generator negative pressure output area by a metal shielding plate (7).

The working process of the invention is as follows: when the device works, the electrostatic generator is switched on, under the excitation of an electric field generated by a positive-voltage output electrode (6) of the electrostatic generator, polarized charges with equal size and opposite polarity are generated on the surfaces of the dielectric insulating layer (1) and the seeds (2), and only the inside of the shaped holes (8) can generate adsorption force under the action of mutual attraction of opposite charges and the metal shaped hole shielding layer (3), so that the seeds are adsorbed and taken quantitatively; the adsorbed seeds move to the seed throwing area through the seed carrying area along with the roller; under the excitation of an electric field generated by a negative pressure output electrode (9) of an electrostatic generator, polarization charges with the same polarity are generated on the surfaces of the dielectric insulating layer (1) and the seeds (2), and the seeds fall to a hole tray (11) through a seed guide channel (10) under the action of the self gravity of the seeds and the repulsion of the charges with the same polarity, so that the precision seeding requirement of one hole per grain is realized.

Claims

1. A double-shielding type precision seedling-raising and seeding device mainly comprises an electrostatic generator positive-pressure output electrode, an electrostatic generator negative-pressure output electrode, a dielectric insulating layer, a metal type hole shielding layer, a metal shielding plate, a type hole and a plug tray; the roller is characterized in that the metal hole shielding layer is attached to the surface of the dielectric insulating layer to form a roller matrix, and holes adaptive to the shape characteristics and the size of seeds are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller matrix.

2. A double-shielding type precision seedling raising and sowing method is characterized in that under the excitation of an electric field generated by a positive-voltage output electrode of an electrostatic generator, polarized charges with equal size and opposite polarity are generated on the surfaces of a dielectric insulating layer and seeds, and only the inside of a molded hole generates adsorption force under the mutual attraction of opposite charges and the effect of a metal molded hole shielding layer, so that seeds are quantitatively adsorbed and taken; the adsorbed seeds move to the seed throwing area through the seed carrying area along with the roller; under the excitation of an electric field generated by a negative pressure output electrode of an electrostatic generator, polarization charges with the same polarity are generated on the surfaces of the dielectric insulating layer and the seeds, and the seeds fall to the hole tray through the seed guide channel under the action of the self gravity of the seeds and the repulsion of the charges with the same polarity, so that the precision seeding requirement of one hole per grain is realized.

3. The roller substrate according to claim 1, wherein the roller substrate surface is a metallic shielding layer of shaped holes, and the shaped holes are matched with the shape characteristics and the size of the seeds.

4. The seed throwing area according to claim 2, wherein the seed throwing area is divided into a seed throwing transition area and a repelling seed throwing area, the seed throwing transition area has two functions, one of the two functions is to separate a positive voltage output electrode of the electrostatic generator, a negative voltage output electrode of the electrostatic generator and corresponding electric fields thereof, and the two electric fields are prevented from interfering with each other; and secondly, the seeds and the dielectric insulating layer enter a depolarization process, partial polarization charges are lost, the electric field generated by the negative pressure output electrode of the electrostatic generator is convenient for exciting the dielectric insulating layer, and the polarization charges with the same polarity are generated on the surfaces of the dielectric insulating layer and the seeds, so that the seeds are put into the device efficiently.