CN116746323A - Tomato seed treatment method and equipment - Google Patents

Tomato seed treatment method and equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116746323A
CN116746323A CN202310842806.4A CN202310842806A CN116746323A CN 116746323 A CN116746323 A CN 116746323A CN 202310842806 A CN202310842806 A CN 202310842806A CN 116746323 A CN116746323 A CN 116746323A
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China
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electric field
voltage pulse
tomato
pulse electric
seeds
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CN202310842806.4A
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CN116746323B (en
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任清盛
李义强
王文军
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JINAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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JINAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a tomato seed treatment method and equipment; the tomato seeds that select normal save evenly lay in the metal dish, hang copper line in tomato seed top, connect high-voltage pulse electric field generator with copper line one end, as the positive pole, connect the earth with the copper line other end as the negative pole, place tomato seed in high-voltage pulse electric field treatment, accomplish the seeding in 1 hour after the treatment is accomplished, carry out normal seedling culture and seedling management, tomato seed treatment facility includes the processing case, copper line, high-voltage pulse electric field generator, solid fixed ring, the steel pipe, the puncture pole, metal dish and multiunit remove the subassembly, the one end and the high-voltage pulse electric field generator of copper line are connected, the copper line runs through solid fixed ring, the steel pipe is connected with the one end that high-voltage pulse electric field generator was kept away from to copper line, puncture pole and steel pipe fixed connection, the metal dish sets up in the below of copper line, realize improving tomato germination percentage and seedling rate through above-mentioned mode.

Description

Tomato seed treatment method and equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a tomato seed treatment method and equipment.
Background
In tomato production and tomato breeding research, imported tomato seeds are used for breeding, and aged seeds or seeds with weaker germination vigor are often encountered. Wherein, the vitality of the aged seeds can be gradually reduced, the germination rate and the emergence rate are reduced, the quality of seedlings can be influenced, the growth vigor of the seedlings is weak, and the seedlings can be further used as breeding materials. In tomato seedling production, the phenomenon of inconsistent germination rate and emergence uniformity exists, and the quality of tomato seedlings is affected; and is affected by bacteria, fungi and other pathogens infected on the surface of the seeds, so that the tomato is easy to be infected in the seedling stage and the growing period.
At present, in the process of reducing diseases caused by seed bacteria, a method for sterilizing a seed bactericide is adopted, and the diseases can be generated in the seedling stage due to incomplete sterilization, so that the germination rate and the seedling rate of tomatoes are low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tomato seed treatment method and equipment, and aims to solve the technical problems of low tomato germination rate and seedling rate in the prior art that diseases occur in the tomato seedling stage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a tomato seed treatment method, comprising the steps of,
selecting and treating tomato seeds, namely selecting the tomato seeds which are normally stored, and uniformly paving the tomato seeds in a metal disc;
setting a high-voltage pulse electric field, suspending a copper wire above the tomato seeds, connecting one end of the copper wire with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator as an anode, and connecting the other end of the copper wire as a cathode with the ground;
setting high-voltage pulse electric field parameters;
and (3) treating and sowing the seeds by a high-voltage pulse electric field, namely placing the tomato seeds in the high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, and sowing the tomato seeds within 1 hour after the treatment, so as to perform normal seedling raising and seedling stage management.
Wherein, in tomato seed selection and processing, select the tomato seed that normally keeps, evenly lay the in-process in the metal dish:
the seed laying thickness is 2-5 cm, and the specification of the metal disc is as follows: 80cm long and 60cm wide.
Wherein, hang copper line in tomato seed top, connect high-voltage pulse electric field generator with copper line one end, regard as the positive pole, connect the in-process of earth with the copper line other end as the negative pole:
the length of the copper wire is 200cm, the diameter is 1.78mm, and the suspended height of the copper wire is 15cm.
Wherein, in the process of setting the high-voltage pulse electric field parameters, the high-voltage pulse electric field setting parameters are as follows:
voltage: 0KV and 50KV, and switching alternately every half hour;
pulse width: 100-250 microseconds;
electric field strength: 1-2 KV/cm;
the treatment time is as follows: 24-36 hours.
Wherein, in the process of setting the high-voltage pulse electric field parameters, the high-voltage pulse electric field setting parameters are as follows:
frequency: and (3) cycling between 150 and 250 Hz, cycling once every half hour, rising from 150 Hz to 250 Hz within 15 minutes, and then falling from 250 Hz to 150 Hz within 15 minutes, and stopping for half hour.
The invention also provides tomato seed treatment equipment, which comprises a treatment box, copper wires, a high-voltage pulse electric field generator, a fixed ring, a steel tube, a puncture rod, a metal disc and a plurality of groups of moving components, wherein each group of moving components is fixedly connected with the treatment box, the treatment box is provided with a placement cavity, the high-voltage pulse electric field generator is arranged in the placement cavity, one end of each copper wire is connected with the high-voltage pulse electric field generator, the fixed ring is fixedly connected with the treatment box, the copper wires penetrate through the fixed ring, the steel tube is connected with one end of each copper wire, which is far away from the high-voltage pulse electric field generator, and is positioned outside the treatment box, the puncture rod is fixedly connected with the steel tube, and the metal disc is arranged below the copper wires.
The movable assembly comprises a supporting rod and a movable wheel, and two ends of the supporting rod are respectively connected with the processing box and the movable wheel.
According to the tomato seed treatment method and the tomato seed treatment equipment, tomato seeds are selected and treated, and the tomato seeds which are normally stored are selected and uniformly paved in a metal disc; setting a high-voltage pulse electric field, suspending a copper wire above the tomato seeds, connecting one end of the copper wire with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator as an anode, and connecting the other end of the copper wire as a cathode with the ground; setting high-voltage pulse electric field parameters; performing high-voltage pulse electric field seed treatment and sowing, placing tomato seeds in the high-voltage pulse electric field treatment, sowing the tomato seeds within 1 hour after the treatment is finished, performing normal seedling culture and seedling stage management, and improving the activity of the seeds, facilitating the germination of the tomato seeds, improving the emergence rate of the seeds, promoting the root system development and improving the seedling quality by enabling cell membranes of the tomato seeds to be stimulated by an electric field to change cell membrane structures and potentials; meanwhile, under the action of a high-voltage pulse electric field, pathogenic matters such as bacteria and fungi infected on the surface of the seeds are thoroughly killed, seedling diseases caused by seed bacteria are eliminated, and the improvement of the germination rate and the seedling rate of tomatoes is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the tomato seed treatment method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an overall structural elevation view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the entire structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the entire structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a 101-processing box, a 102-placing cavity, 103-copper wires, 104-high-voltage pulse electric field generators, 105-fixing rings, 106-steel pipes, 107-piercing rods, 108-metal discs, 109-supporting rods, 110-moving wheels, 201-placing plates, 202-rotating shafts, 203-cylinders, 204-driving shafts, 205-storage plates, 206-baffle plates and 207-sowing channels.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a tomato seed treatment method.
The invention provides a tomato seed treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: tomato seeds are selected and treated, the tomato seeds which are normally stored are selected and evenly paved in the metal disc 108, the paving thickness of the seeds is 2-5 cm, and the specification of the metal disc 108 is as follows: 80cm long and 60cm wide;
s2: setting a high-voltage pulse electric field, suspending a copper wire 103 above the tomato seeds, wherein the length of the copper wire 103 is 200cm, the diameter of the copper wire is 1.78mm, the suspended height of the copper wire 103 is 15cm, one end of the copper wire 103 is connected with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 to serve as an anode, and the other end of the copper wire 103 serves as a cathode to be connected with the ground;
s3: setting high-voltage pulse electric field parameters, wherein the high-voltage pulse electric field setting parameters are as follows: voltage: 0KV and 50KV, and switching alternately every half hour; frequency: cycling between 150 and 250 Hz, cycling once every half hour, rising from 150 Hz to 250 Hz within 15 minutes, then falling from 250 Hz to 150 Hz within 15 minutes, and stopping for half hour; pulse width: 100-250 microseconds; electric field strength: 1-2 KV/cm; the treatment time is as follows: 24-36 hours;
s4: and (3) treating and sowing the seeds by a high-voltage pulse electric field, namely placing the tomato seeds in the high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, and sowing the tomato seeds within 1 hour after the treatment, so as to perform normal seedling raising and seedling stage management.
In this embodiment, tomato seeds are selected and treated first, tomato seeds which are normally stored are selected and evenly paved in the metal disc 108, the paving thickness of the seeds is 2-5 cm, and the specification of the metal disc 108 is as follows: the length is 80cm, the width is 60cm, a high-voltage pulse electric field is arranged, a copper wire 103 is suspended above tomato seeds, the length of the copper wire 103 is 200cm, the diameter is 1.78mm, the suspended height of the copper wire 103 is 15cm, one end of the copper wire 103 is connected with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 and serves as an anode, the other end of the copper wire 103 serves as a cathode and is connected with the ground, high-voltage pulse electric field parameters are arranged, and the high-voltage pulse electric field setting parameters are as follows: voltage: 0KV and 50KV, and switching alternately every half hour; frequency: cycling between 150 and 250 Hz, cycling once every half hour, rising from 150 Hz to 250 Hz within 15 minutes, then falling from 250 Hz to 150 Hz within 15 minutes, and stopping for half hour; pulse width: 100-250 microseconds; electric field strength: 1-2 KV/cm; the treatment time is as follows: and (3) 24-36 hours, and finally, treating and sowing the seeds of the tomatoes in a high-voltage pulse electric field, wherein the seeds of the tomatoes are subjected to the high-voltage pulse electric field treatment, and sowing is completed within 1 hour after the treatment is completed, and normal seedling raising and seedling stage management are performed; the cell membrane of the tomato seeds is stimulated by an electric field to change the cell membrane structure and the potential, so that the activity of the seeds is improved, the germination of the tomato seeds is facilitated, the emergence rate of the seeds is improved, the root system development is promoted, and the seedling quality is improved; meanwhile, under the action of a high-voltage pulse electric field, pathogenic matters such as bacteria and fungi infected on the surface of the seeds are thoroughly killed, seedling diseases caused by seed bacteria are eliminated, and the improvement of the germination rate and the seedling rate of tomatoes is realized; the specificity of pulse width in a high voltage pulsed electric field is closely related to the site of action on the cell structure. The pulse width is 100-250 microseconds, the high-voltage pulse electric field mainly acts on cell structures such as cell walls and cell membranes, and the specific electric field is utilized to promote the change of the cell structures of tomato seeds.
The first embodiment is:
referring to fig. 2 to 4, fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure of the first embodiment, fig. 3 is a front overall structure view of the first embodiment, and fig. 4 is a sectional overall structure view of the first embodiment.
The invention also provides tomato seed treatment equipment, which comprises a treatment box 101, copper wires 103, a high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104, a fixed ring 105, a steel pipe 106, a puncture rod 107, a metal disc 108 and a plurality of groups of moving components, wherein the moving components comprise a support rod 109 and a moving wheel 110;
for this embodiment, each group of moving components is fixedly connected with the processing box 101, the processing box 101 is provided with a placing cavity 102, the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 is arranged in the placing cavity 102, one end of the copper wire 103 is connected with the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104, the fixed ring 105 is fixedly connected with the processing box 101, the copper wire 103 penetrates through the fixed ring 105, the steel pipe 106 and the copper wire 103 are connected with one end of the copper wire 103 far away from the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 and are positioned outside the processing box 101, the puncture rod 107 is fixedly connected with the steel pipe 106, the metal disc 108 is arranged below the copper wire 103, when tomato seeds are processed, the tomato seeds are uniformly paved in the metal disc 108, the seed paving thickness is 2-5 cm, the steel pipe 106 is metal, and the puncture rod 107 penetrates into the ground, so that one end of the copper wire 103 far away from the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 is grounded, the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 is arranged, and parameters of the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 are set for tomato seeds.
Wherein, both ends of the supporting rod 109 are respectively connected with the processing box 101 and the moving wheel 110, the supporting rod 109 is connected with the processing box 101 and the moving wheel 110, and the processing box 101 can be moved under the action of the moving wheel 110.
When the tomato seeds are treated, the tomato seeds are uniformly paved in the metal disc 108, the seed paving thickness is 2-5 cm, the steel tube 106 is metal, the puncture rod 107 penetrates into the ground, so that one end of the copper wire 103, which is far away from the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104, is grounded, parameters of the high-voltage pulse electric field generator 104 and voltage are set: 0KV and 50KV, and switching alternately every half hour; frequency: cycling between 150 and 250 Hz, cycling once every half hour, rising from 150 Hz to 250 Hz within 15 minutes, then falling from 250 Hz to 150 Hz within 15 minutes, and stopping for half hour; pulse width: 100-250 microseconds; electric field strength: 1-2 KV/cm; the treatment time is as follows: the tomato seeds are treated for 24-36 hours, the cell membrane of the tomato seeds is stimulated by an electric field to change the cell membrane structure and the potential, so that the activity of the seeds is improved, the germination of the tomato seeds is facilitated, the emergence rate of the seeds is improved, the root system development is promoted, and the seedling quality is improved; meanwhile, under the action of a high-voltage pulse electric field, pathogenic matters such as bacteria and fungi infected on the surface of the seeds are thoroughly killed, seedling diseases caused by seed bacteria are eliminated, and the improvement of the germination rate and the seedling rate of tomatoes is realized; the specificity of pulse width in a high voltage pulsed electric field is closely related to the site of action on the cell structure. The pulse width is 100-250 microseconds, the high-voltage pulse electric field mainly acts on cell structures such as cell walls and cell membranes, and the specific electric field is utilized to promote the change of the cell structures of tomato seeds.
The second embodiment is:
on the basis of the first embodiment, please refer to fig. 5, wherein fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment.
The invention provides a tomato seed treatment apparatus further comprising a seeding module comprising a placement plate 201, a rotating shaft 202, a cylinder 203, a driving shaft 204, a plurality of storage plates 205 and a baffle 206;
for this embodiment, the processing box 101 further has a sowing channel 207, the placement cavity 102 is in communication with the sowing channel 207, and the sowing module is disposed below the metal tray 108, and is used for sowing the processed tomato seeds.
The rotating shaft 202 is rotatably connected with the processing box 101 and is located in the placing cavity 102, the placing plate 201 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 202 and is located on the metal disc 108, the air cylinder 203 is fixedly connected with the processing box 101 and is located in the placing cavity 102, the output end of the air cylinder 203 is connected with the placing plate 201, after tomato seed treatment is completed, the air cylinder 203 is driven, at the moment, the placing plate 201 rotates by taking the rotating shaft 202 as a center of a circle, the placing plate 201 drives the metal disc 108 to rotate, and under the gravity of tomato seeds, the tomato seeds are discharged from the metal disc 108 through the sowing channel 207 to the processing box 101 so as to sow the tomato seeds.
Secondly, drive shaft 204 set up in the sprue 207, every storage board 205 respectively drive shaft 204 fixed connection, and evenly distributed in the lateral wall of drive shaft 204, baffle 206 with processing box 101 fixed connection just baffle 206 with storage board 205 laminating mutually, be connected with actuating device on the drive shaft 204, under actuating device's effect, the drive shaft 204 rotates, every storage board 205 evenly distributed in the lateral wall of drive shaft 204, every adjacent two form the cavity that stores tomato seed between the storage board 205, drive shaft 204 rotates, tomato seed in the cavity passes through the sprue 207 is discharged processing box 101, baffle 206 with storage board 205 laminating mutually prevents that tomato seed from spilling over from the cavity.
After tomato seed treatment, the cylinder 203 is driven to operate, at this time, the placing plate 201 rotates around the rotating shaft 202 under the action of the rotating shaft 202, the placing plate 201 drives the metal disc 108 to rotate, under the gravity of tomato seeds, the metal disc 108 slides, the driving shaft 204 is connected with driving equipment, under the action of the driving equipment, the driving shaft 204 is driven to rotate, each storage plate 205 is uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the driving shaft 204, a cavity for storing tomato seeds is formed between every two adjacent storage plates 205, the driving shaft 204 rotates, the tomato seeds in the cavity are discharged out of the treatment box 101 through the sowing channel 207, and the baffle 206 is attached to the storage plates 205 to prevent the tomato seeds from overflowing from the cavity; the cell membrane of the tomato seeds is stimulated by an electric field to change the cell membrane structure and the potential, so that the activity of the seeds is improved, the germination of the tomato seeds is facilitated, the emergence rate of the seeds is improved, the root system development is promoted, and the seedling quality is improved; meanwhile, under the action of a high-voltage pulse electric field, pathogenic matters such as bacteria and fungi infected on the surface of the seeds are thoroughly killed, seedling diseases caused by seed bacteria are eliminated, and the improvement of the germination rate and the seedling rate of tomatoes is realized; the specificity of pulse width in a high voltage pulsed electric field is closely related to the site of action on the cell structure. The pulse width is 100-250 microseconds, the high-voltage pulse electric field mainly acts on cell structures such as cell walls and cell membranes, and the specific electric field is utilized to promote the change of the cell structures of tomato seeds.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the procedures described above can be performed according to the equivalent changes of the claims, and still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A tomato seed treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
selecting and treating tomato seeds, namely selecting the tomato seeds which are normally stored, and uniformly paving the tomato seeds in a metal disc;
setting a high-voltage pulse electric field, suspending a copper wire above the tomato seeds, connecting one end of the copper wire with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator as an anode, and connecting the other end of the copper wire as a cathode with the ground;
setting high-voltage pulse electric field parameters;
and (3) treating and sowing the seeds by a high-voltage pulse electric field, namely placing the tomato seeds in the high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, and sowing the tomato seeds within 1 hour after the treatment, so as to perform normal seedling raising and seedling stage management.
2. A tomato seed treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during selection and treatment of tomato seeds, the normally stored tomato seeds are selected and evenly spread in the metal tray:
the seed laying thickness is 2-5 cm, and the specification of the metal disc is as follows: 80cm long and 60cm wide.
3. The tomato seed treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a high-voltage pulse electric field is set, copper wires are suspended above the tomato seeds, one ends of the copper wires are connected with a high-voltage pulse electric field generator to serve as a positive electrode, and the other ends of the copper wires serve as a negative electrode to be connected with the ground:
the length of the copper wire is 200cm, the diameter is 1.78mm, and the suspended height of the copper wire is 15cm.
4. A tomato seed treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the setting of the high voltage pulsed electric field parameters, the high voltage pulsed electric field setting parameters are:
voltage: 0KV and 50KV, and switching alternately every half hour;
pulse width: 100-250 microseconds;
electric field strength: 1-2 KV/cm;
the treatment time is as follows: 24-36 hours.
5. A tomato seed treatment method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in setting the high voltage pulsed electric field parameters, the high voltage pulsed electric field setting parameters are:
frequency: and (3) cycling between 150 and 250 Hz, cycling once every half hour, rising from 150 Hz to 250 Hz within 15 minutes, and then falling from 250 Hz to 150 Hz within 15 minutes, and stopping for half hour.
6. Tomato seed treatment apparatus for use in a tomato seed treatment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that,
including processing case, copper line, high voltage pulse electric field generator, solid fixed ring, steel pipe, puncture pole, metal disc and multiunit remove the subassembly, every group remove the subassembly respectively with processing case fixed connection, processing case has places the chamber, high voltage pulse electric field generator set up in place the intracavity, the one end of copper line with high voltage pulse electric field generator is connected, solid fixed ring with processing case fixed connection, the copper line runs through solid fixed ring, the steel pipe with the copper line is kept away from high voltage pulse electric field generator's one end is connected, and is located processing the outside of case, puncture pole with steel pipe fixed connection, the metal disc set up in the below of copper line.
7. Tomato seed treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein,
the movable assembly comprises a supporting rod and a movable wheel, and two ends of the supporting rod are respectively connected with the processing box and the movable wheel.
CN202310842806.4A 2023-07-11 2023-07-11 Tomato seed treatment method and equipment Active CN116746323B (en)

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