CN113463415B - 一种酸性染料染色助剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种酸性染料染色助剂及其制备方法,属于纺织材料技术领域。所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:10‑30份鼠李糖脂、10‑30份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2‑8份三乙醇胺、2‑8份醋酸、10‑30份己内酰胺。本发明酸性染料染色助剂含有多种成分,添加在酸性染料中,提高染色上染率和色牢度,颜色重现性优,更有染料的普遍性,色谱更全,对纤维品质无损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种酸性染料染色助剂及其制备方法,属于纺织材料技术领域。
背景技术
染色工序是把纤维材料染上颜色的加工过程,它是借助染料和纤维发生物理化学或化学的结合,或者用化学方法在纤维上生成染料而使整个纺织品成为有色物体。酸性染料是一类结构上带有酸性基团的染料,在酸性介质中进行染色,主要用于羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶等染色。酸性红GR对织物亲合力较大,能在弱酸性介质中着色于蚕丝,其色泽较深,色牢度比较高,但其着色均勻性较差,需要加入表面活性剂减缓其上染速率以达到匀染的效果。同时蚕丝等蛋白织物表面有一定疏水杂质,导致染料不能在织物上均匀分布。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种酸性染料染色助剂及其制备方法,所述酸性染料染色助剂能够提高染料的上染率和染色牢度,提高染色质量。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:一种酸性染料染色助剂,包括以下重量份的组分:10-30份鼠李糖脂、10-30份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2-8份三乙醇胺、2-8份醋酸、10-30份己内酰胺。
鼠李糖脂由一或两个鼠李糖分子与一或两个β-羟基脂肪酸以共价键的形式组成。鼠李糖元基团及电离后的羧基使其具有较强的亲水性,而β-羟基癸酰-β-羟基癸酰酯为非极性基团,使鼠李糖脂分子具有亲油性。鼠李糖脂中带有负电的羧基能够和丝织物上带有正电的染座静电结合,抢先占领纤维上的染座,阻碍染料与纤维的结合,延缓染料上染。在染色过程中,鼠李糖脂与纤维结合得快,但结合力没有染料分子强,随着染浴温度的升高,染料又逐渐从纤维上将鼠李糖脂置换下来,从而最终使染料占据染座而达到染色目的。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚在纤维表面形成表面膜,该膜可控制染料在纤维表面的吸附,并可促进染料在纤维表面的移染效果,促使均匀吸附。鼠李糖脂和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚复配,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚能够增强与阴离子酸性染料之间的相互作用,起到阻止染料快速上染纤维的作用。
三乙醇胺含有较多的羟基和氨基,能够和染料结合而破坏染料分子间及分子内氢键,有利于染料的溶解。三乙醇胺与醋酸复配成缓冲溶液能有很好的调节酸性染料的pH值,使酸性染料的上色更均匀。
己内酰胺作为助剂之一,一方面能够更好的溶解染料,使染料更好的与纤维结合,另一方面能够使三乙醇胺稳定的混合在这个配方中。
作为本发明酸性染料染色助剂的优选实施方式,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:15-25份鼠李糖脂、15-25份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、3-6份三乙醇胺、3-6份醋酸、15-35份己内酰胺。在上述配比下,酸性染料染色助剂提高染料的上染率和染色牢度的效果更佳。
作为本发明酸性染料染色助剂的优选实施方式,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:20份鼠李糖脂、20份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。在上述配比下,酸性染料染色助剂提高染料的上染率和染色牢度的效果最好。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,搅拌至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
优选地,所述步骤(1)搅拌的转速为1200-1500rpm/min。
优选地,所述步骤(2)搅拌的转速为900-1200rpm/min。
优选地,所述步骤(2)搅拌的转速为500-800rpm/min。
优选地,所述溶剂为水。
制备过程中的搅拌转速对于酸性染料染色助剂的性能有一定的影响,混合液1的合成转速最高,混合溶液2的合成转速居中,酸性染料染色助剂的合成转速最小。制备过程中转速要逐级降低,合成转速太快,酸性染料染色助剂的稳定性变差,不利于酸性染料上色;合成转速过小,起不到分散的作用,助剂中的各个组分之间分散不均匀,影响酸性染料的上染率和染色牢度。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明酸性染料染色助剂含有多种成分,添加在酸性染料中,提高染色上染率和色牢度,颜色重现性优,更有染料的普遍性,色谱更全,对纤维品质无损伤。
具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:20份鼠李糖脂、20份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,在搅拌转速为1200rpm/min下搅拌至完全溶解,,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,在搅拌转速为900rpm/min下搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,在搅拌转速为500rpm/min下搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
实施例2
本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:10份鼠李糖脂、30份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2份三乙醇胺、8份醋酸、10份己内酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,在搅拌转速为1500rpm/min下搅拌至完全溶解,,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,在搅拌转速为1200rpm/min下搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,在搅拌转速为800rpm/min下搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
实施例3
本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:30份鼠李糖脂、10份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、8份三乙醇胺、2份醋酸、30份己内酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,在搅拌转速为1300rpm/min下搅拌至完全溶解,,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,在搅拌转速为1100rpm/min下搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,在搅拌转速为700rpm/min下搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
实施例4
本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:15份鼠李糖脂、25份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4份三乙醇胺、6份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,在搅拌转速为1200rpm/min下搅拌至完全溶解,,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,在搅拌转速为900rpm/min下搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,在搅拌转速为500rpm/min下搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
实施例5
本发明提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂,所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:25份鼠李糖脂、15份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、6份三乙醇胺、4份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,在搅拌转速为1200rpm/min下搅拌至完全溶解,,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,在搅拌转速为900rpm/min下搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,在搅拌转速为500rpm/min下搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂。
对比例1
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:40份鼠李糖脂、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
对比例2
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:40份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
对的比例3
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:35份鼠李糖脂、5份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
对比例4
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:20份鼠李糖脂、20份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、10份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
对比例5
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述酸性染料染色助剂包括以下重量份的组分:20份鼠李糖脂、20份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、10份三乙醇胺、20份己内酰胺。
对比例6
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述步骤(2)中的搅拌转速为1200rpm/min。
对比例7
作为本发明一种酸性染料染色助剂的对比例,本对比例与实施例1唯一不同的地方在于:所述步骤(3)中的搅拌转速为900rpm/min。
实验例1
将实施例1-5和对比例1-7制备的酸性染料染色助剂按照常规染色方法用于织物的染色,测试织物的上染率、色差、匀染性和色牢度,测试结果如表1所示。
表1
上染率 | 色差 | 匀染级 | 湿摩擦洗牢度 | 干摩擦洗牢度 | |
实施例1 | 98.21 | 2.9 | 2-3 | 5 | 5 |
实施例2 | 96.11 | 2.8 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
实施例3 | 96.19 | 2.9 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
实施例4 | 97.77 | 3.0 | 2-3 | 5 | 4-5 |
实施例5 | 97.62 | 3.0 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
对比例1 | 82.71 | 4.5 | 1 | 3 | 3-4 |
对比例2 | 82.03 | 4.6 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
对比例3 | 81.47 | 4.4 | 2 | 3-4 | 4 |
对比例4 | 82.84 | 4.2 | 2 | 3-4 | 4 |
对比例5 | 81.65 | 4.1 | 2 | 3-4 | 3-4 |
对比例6 | 92.37 | 3.5 | 2 | 3-4 | 4 |
对比例7 | 93.31 | 3.3 | 2 | 3-4 | 4 |
从表1中可知,本发明酸性染料染色助剂能够显著提高染料的上染率和染色牢度,提高染色质量。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者同等替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种酸性染料染色助剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:10-30份鼠李糖脂、10-30份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2-8份三乙醇胺、2-8份醋酸、10-30份己内酰胺;
所述酸性染料染色助剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)往溶剂中加入三乙醇胺和醋酸,搅拌均匀后,加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,搅拌至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液1;
(2)往溶剂中加入己内酰胺,搅拌均匀后,加入鼠李糖脂,搅拌均匀至完全溶解,消泡得到混合溶液2;
(3)在搅拌状态下,将步骤(1)所得混合溶液1加入到步骤(2)所得混合溶液2中,搅拌均匀,即得酸性染料染色助剂;
其中,步骤(1)搅拌的转速>步骤(2)搅拌的转速>步骤(3)搅拌的转速。
2.如权利要求1所述酸性染料染色助剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:15-25份鼠李糖脂、15-25份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4-6份三乙醇胺、4-6份醋酸、15-30份己内酰胺。
3.如权利要求2所述酸性染料染色助剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:20份鼠李糖脂、20份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份三乙醇胺、5份醋酸、20份己内酰胺。
4.如权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)搅拌的转速为1200-1500rpm/min。
5.如权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)搅拌的转速为900-1200rpm/min。
6.如权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)搅拌的转速为500-800rpm/min。
7.如权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为水。
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