CN111587638B - Double-side precise seed taking paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism - Google Patents

Double-side precise seed taking paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111587638B
CN111587638B CN202010521487.3A CN202010521487A CN111587638B CN 111587638 B CN111587638 B CN 111587638B CN 202010521487 A CN202010521487 A CN 202010521487A CN 111587638 B CN111587638 B CN 111587638B
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seed
guide rod
seed discharging
brush
shaft
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CN202010521487.3A
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CN111587638A (en
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李向军
赵大勇
张成亮
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Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/002Dibble seeders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/18Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • A01C7/206Seed pipes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

A paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism with double-side precise seed taking belongs to agricultural machinery, a shell of the mechanism is divided into a left seed cavity and a right seed cavity, and an eccentric wheel, a seed discharging guide rod, a seed picking brush, a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt and a seed discharging pipe are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the shell from right to left; during operation, the seed discharging guide rod drives the left seed discharging nozzle and the right seed discharging nozzle to reciprocate under the action of the eccentric wheel; firstly, when the left seed discharging nozzle translates rightwards from a left seed taking position, a left seed picking brush is used for removing redundant seeds during the period, then under the protection of a flexible follow-up belt, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches the seed discharging port position, seeds fall into a seed discharging pipe to finish seed discharging operation, and at the moment, the right seed discharging nozzle reaches a right seed taking position for seed taking; secondly, the seed discharging guide rod translates leftwards, excessive seeds are removed by the right seed picking brush during the period, then under the protection of the flexible follow-up belt, the seeds are carried by the right seed discharging nozzle to reach the position of the seed discharging port for seed discharging, at the moment, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches the left seed taking position for seed taking, and then the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out; the device realizes the paddy rice hole direct seeding operation with accurate and adjustable seeding quantity.

Description

Double-side precise seed taking paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism
Technical Field
The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism capable of accurately taking seeds from two sides.
Background
At present, the rice planting modes in China mainly comprise modes of manual direct seeding, manual transplanting, mechanical seedling throwing, mechanical seedling transplanting, mechanical direct seeding and the like, wherein the mechanical seedling transplanting, the mechanical seedling throwing and the mechanical direct seeding are main directions of rice planting mechanization in China, the mechanical seedling transplanting is higher in rice planting mechanization proportion, but is limited by factors such as seedling raising, machinery, yield, cost and the like, a certain difficulty and unrealistic improvement of the rice planting level by simply improving the area of the mechanical seedling transplanting are realized, and the mechanical direct seeding has the characteristics of labor saving, cost saving, labor saving, high yield, high efficiency, strong adaptability and the like, and has better popularization and application effects under the current rural economic conditions. The seed sowing device is a core component for precision sowing, and is mainly of the type of an external grooved wheel type, a centrifugal type, a vertical disc type, a horizontal disc type, an air blowing type, an air pressure type and the like, the existing rice direct sowing machine adopts the external grooved wheel type and the cellular type seed sowing device as the core component, the seed sowing devices are not suitable for the physical characteristics of rice seeds, the sowing precision is poor, the uniformity is poor, the cavity rate is high, and the seeds are easy to damage, for example, the representative model of the early rice direct sowing machine is Shanghai Jia series external grooved wheel type rice strip direct sowing machine, the machine directly sows the buds onto the mud of a paddy field, but due to the adoption of the external grooved wheel type seed sowing, no suitable seed cleaning mechanism exists, the seed damaging rate is higher, the sowing uniformity is poor, the phenomenon of broken ridges occurs sometimes, although the seeds can not form holes after sowing, and the sowing quantity is larger; the 2BD-10 equal-row-spacing rice precision hole direct seeding machine developed by the agricultural university of south China has the advantages of good uniformity, simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, low energy consumption and the like, but is not suitable for high-speed operation, and has some common defects of the direct seeding machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and provides a paddy hole direct seeding mechanism for precisely taking seeds in a double-sided approximate stop mode, which is combined with the actual requirements of paddy direct seeding operation, and the device innovatively designs an eccentric wheel driving guide rod mechanism, realizes the left-sided and right-sided approximate stop mode of the guide rod according to the motion track of the guide rod, ensures that seeds can fully enter and leave a seed sowing mouth, and achieves the effects of precisely taking seeds and fully sowing seeds; during operation, the seed discharging guide rod drives the left seed discharging nozzle and the right seed discharging nozzle to do reciprocating motion under the action of the eccentric wheel, firstly, when the left seed discharging nozzle moves right from the left seed taking position, the left seed discharging brush is used for removing redundant seeds during the right translation, then under the protection of the flexible follow-up belt, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches the position of the seed discharging opening, seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe under the self gravity, at the moment, the right seed discharging nozzle reaches the right seed taking position for seed taking, the seed discharging guide rod drives the two seed discharging nozzles to move left, the right seed discharging brush is used for removing redundant seeds during the left translation, then under the protection of the flexible follow-up belt, the right seed discharging nozzle reaches the position of the seed discharging opening, seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe under the self gravity, at the moment, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches the left seed taking position for seed taking, and finally, the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out; the device realizes the hole sowing operation of dry direct sowing of rice, and can meet the requirement of accurate and adjustable sowing quantity and has very good sowing effect by replacing the sowing nozzles with different diameters.
1. The aim of the invention is realized in the following way: the device comprises a seed metering shell, wherein two flow control plates are fixedly arranged at the positions of flow control plate holes on two side walls of the middle part of the seed metering shell by bolts; the flow control plate can slide up and down along the side wall of the seed discharging shell so as to control the seed feeding flow; an eccentric wheel, a seed sowing guide rod, a seed picking brush and a flexible follow-up seed protection belt are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seed sowing shell from right to left; the seed discharging guide rod is positioned in a seed discharging guide rod cavity of the seed discharging shell, the seed discharging guide rod can slide left and right in the seed discharging guide rod cavity in a reciprocating manner, and the other end of the seed discharging guide rod is fixedly provided with a translation frame; the translation frame is assembled on an eccentric wheel, and the diameter of the eccentric wheel is equal to the width of an inner frame of the translation frame; the eccentric wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft through a flat key; the rotating shaft is arranged in a rotating shaft mounting hole of the seed metering shell to perform rotary motion, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a driving sprocket; two seed discharging nozzles are fixedly arranged on the seed discharging guide rod respectively; a flexible follow-up seed protection belt is arranged in the middle position above the seed metering guide rod, and is assembled on a seed protection belt shaft which is assembled in a belt shaft mounting hole of the seed metering shell and can perform rotary motion; seed picking brushes are respectively arranged at the two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protection belt, the two seed picking brushes are respectively and fixedly arranged on a driving brush shaft and a driven brush shaft, the two ends of the driving brush shaft and the driven brush shaft are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes of a seed metering shell, and one end of each brush shaft is assembled in a hole of a square brush seat; the square brush seat slides up and down along the slideway adjusting plate through the adjusting bolt; the other extending end of the driving brush shaft is fixedly provided with a driving brush gear and a driven sprocket respectively, and the driven sprocket is assembled with the driving sprocket through a chain and can perform rotary motion; a driven brush gear is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft, and the driven brush gear is meshed with the driving brush gear; the seed discharging pipe is fixedly arranged at the position of a seed discharging pipe mounting hole at the lower part of the seed discharging shell, and the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt is made of flexible rubber.
The invention realizes the hill-drop operation of the paddy planter in the field, has the characteristics of unique, novel and reasonable structure, convenient operation, high accuracy, low failure rate and the like, and provides technical support for the popularization and application of the mechanized paddy planter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism with double-side precise seed taking;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the seed metering housing;
FIG. 6 is a half cross-sectional view of the seed metering housing;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the overall structure of a double-sided precision seed-taking paddy planter;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fastening structure of the seed metering guide, seed metering nozzle and displacement frame;
Part number description in the drawings:
1. A seed metering housing; 1-1, flow control plate holes; 1-2, a brush shaft mounting hole; 1-3, a seed discharging guide rod cavity; 1-4, a belt shaft mounting hole; 1-5, mounting holes of seed discharging pipes; 1-6, a rotating shaft mounting hole; 2. a flow control plate; 3. a bolt; 4. adjusting a bolt; 5. square brush holder; 6. a driven brush shaft; 7. a slideway adjusting plate; 8. seed protection belt shafts; 9. a seed discharging tube; 10. a driving brush shaft; 11. a seed metering guide rod; 12. an eccentric wheel; 13. translating the frame; 14. a rotation shaft; 15. a drive sprocket; 16. a chain; 17. a driven sprocket; 18. a driving brush gear; 19. a driven brush gear; 20. picking seeds and brushing; 21. a seed metering nozzle; 22. a flexible follow-up seed protection belt.
Detailed Description
2. The following describes the inventive embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings. A paddy rice cave direct seeding mechanism with double-side precise seed taking comprises a seed sowing shell 1, wherein two flow control plates 2 are fixedly arranged at the positions of flow control plate holes 1-1 on two side walls of the middle part of the seed sowing shell 1 by bolts 3; the flow control plate 2 can slide up and down along the side wall of the seed discharging shell 1 so as to control the seed feeding flow; an eccentric wheel 12, a seed sowing guide rod 11, a seed picking brush 20 and a flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22 are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seed sowing shell 1 from right to left; the seed metering guide rod 11 is positioned in the seed metering guide rod cavity 1-3 of the seed metering shell 1, the seed metering guide rod 11 can slide left and right in the seed metering guide rod cavity 1-3 in a reciprocating manner, and the other end of the seed metering guide rod 11 is fixedly provided with the translation frame 13; the translation frame 13 is assembled on the eccentric wheel 12, and the diameter of the eccentric wheel 12 is equal to the width of the inner frame of the translation frame 13; the eccentric wheel 12 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 14 through a flat key; the rotary shaft 14 is arranged in the rotary shaft mounting hole 1-6 of the seed metering shell 1 to perform rotary motion, and the other end of the rotary shaft 14 is fixedly provided with a driving sprocket 15; two seed discharging nozzles 21 are respectively fixedly arranged on the seed discharging guide rod 11; a flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22 is arranged in the middle position above the seed metering guide rod 11, the flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22 is assembled on a seed protection belt shaft 8, and the seed protection belt shaft 8 is assembled in a belt shaft mounting hole 1-4 of the seed metering shell 1 and can perform rotary motion; seed picking brushes 20 are respectively arranged at two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22, the two seed picking brushes 20 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the driving brush shaft 10 and the driven brush shaft 6, two ends of the driving brush shaft 10 and the driven brush shaft 6 are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes 1-2 of the seed metering shell 1, and one end of each brush shaft is assembled in a hole of the square brush seat 5; the square brush seat 5 slides up and down along the slideway adjusting plate 7 through the adjusting bolt 4; a driving brush gear 18 and a driven sprocket 17 are fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driving brush shaft 10, and the driven sprocket 17 is assembled with the driving sprocket 15 through a chain 16 and can perform rotary motion; a driven brush gear 19 is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft 6, and the driven brush gear 19 and the driving brush gear 18 are meshed with each other; the seed discharging pipe 9 is fixedly arranged at the position of a seed discharging pipe mounting hole 1-5 at the lower part of the seed discharging shell 1, and the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt 22 is made of flexible rubber.
When the field operation is performed, when the rotation external force acts on the rotation shaft 14, the rotation shaft 14 drives the eccentric wheel 12 and the driving chain wheel 15 to perform uniform circular motion together, on one hand, the rotation eccentric wheel 12 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the seed sowing guide rod 11 under the action of the translation frame 13, and the operations of bidirectional seed taking, seed feeding, seed sowing and the like are completed; on the other hand, the driving sprocket 15 drives the driven sprocket 17 to do rotary motion together through the chain 16, the driven sprocket 17 does rotary motion together through the driving brush shaft 10 and the driving brush gear 18, the driving brush gear 18 drives the driven brush gear 19 to do rotary motion in opposite directions, and the driving brush gear 18 and the driven brush gear 19 respectively drive the seed picking brush 20 to finish the removing operation of redundant seeds on the left side and the right side. The specific detailed process is as follows:
1. When the external force of rotation acts on the rotating shaft 14, the rotating shaft 14 drives the eccentric wheel 12 to do uniform circular motion, the eccentric wheel 12 drives the translation frame 13 and the seed metering guide rod 11 to do left-right reciprocating motion, as shown in fig. 3, the left seed metering nozzle 21 is positioned under the left seed metering cavity of the seed metering shell 1, and seed metering operation is performed; the right seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned at the position of the opening of the middle seed discharging pipe 9, and seeds fall down for seed discharging operation.
2. When the eccentric wheel 12 continues to rotate 180 degrees from the position of fig. 3, the seed metering guide rod 11 translates to the right; firstly, the left seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds to pass through the left seed removing brush 20, redundant seeds are removed, the size of the removing amount can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt 4, when the removing amount is adjusted upwards, the removing amount is reduced, and when the removing amount is adjusted downwards, the removing amount is increased; secondly, the seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds to pass through the flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22, the flexible follow-up seed protection belt 22 is made of flexible rubber, and the flexible follow-up seed protection belt reciprocates together with the seed discharging guide rod 11 under the friction force of the seed discharging guide rod 11, so that the seeds are protected from abrasion, and the emergence rate of the seeds is ensured; finally, the left seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds to the position of the opening of the seed discharging pipe 9, and the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe 9 under the action of self gravity to finish seed discharging operation; at the same time, the right seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned under the right seed cavity of the seed discharging shell 1 to perform seed taking operation; the left seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned at the position of the opening of the middle seed discharging pipe 9, and seeds fall down for seed discharging operation.
3. When the eccentric wheel 12 continues to rotate 180 degrees and returns to the position of fig. 3, the seed metering guide rod 11 translates leftwards; firstly, the seeds are carried by a seed discharging nozzle 21 on the right and pass through a seed picking brush 20 on the right, so that redundant seeds are removed; secondly, the seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds through the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt 22; finally, the seed discharging nozzle 21 on the right carries seeds to the position of the opening of the seed discharging pipe 9, and the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe 9 under the action of self gravity to finish seed discharging operation; at the same time, the left seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned under the left seed cavity of the seed discharging shell 1 to perform seed taking operation; and then the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out to finish the operations of seed taking, seed feeding, seed discharging, homing and the like.
During field operation, the flow control board 2 can control seed feeding flow, and the function of the flow control board is to ensure that the quantity of seeds at the seed feeding port is sufficient and the pressure is not large, so that when the flow is too large, the pressure at the seed feeding port is too large, and the phenomenon that the seeds at the seed feeding port are "overhead" and cannot be filled is avoided.
During field operation, the seed metering nozzles 21 with different inner diameters can be replaced at any time according to the different seeding amounts so as to meet the requirements of different seeding amounts.
The invention innovatively designs a translation mechanism for driving a seed metering guide rod 11 by a uniform rotation eccentric wheel 12, and has the advantages that: when the seed metering guide rod 11 is driven to reciprocate by the uniform rotation eccentric wheel 12, the transverse displacement speed of the seed metering guide rod 11 is gradually reduced when the seed metering guide rod 11 is horizontally moved to be close to the left seed cavity and the right seed cavity, so that sufficient time for seed taking and seed metering operation can be ensured, and precision seeding can be realized.
The invention innovatively adopts double-side seed taking, and one reciprocating operation of the seed metering guide rod 11 can finish two seed taking and sowing operations, thereby greatly improving the operation efficiency, reducing the abrasion of the seed metering guide rod 11 to the seed metering shell 1 and prolonging the service life.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a rice cave direct seeding mechanism of two side precision seed metering, includes seed metering casing (1), its characterized in that: two flow control plates (2) are fixedly arranged at the positions of flow control plate holes (1-1) on two side walls of the middle part of the seed metering shell (1) by bolts (3); the flow control plate (2) can slide up and down along the side wall of the seed sowing shell (1) so as to control the seed inlet flow; an eccentric wheel (12), a seed sowing guide rod (11), a seed picking brush (20) and a flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seed sowing shell (1) from right to left; the seed sowing guide rod (11) is positioned in a seed sowing guide rod cavity (1-3) of the seed sowing shell (1), the seed sowing guide rod (11) can slide left and right in the seed sowing guide rod cavity (1-3) in a reciprocating manner, and the other end of the seed sowing guide rod (11) is fixedly provided with a translation frame (13); the translation frame (13) is assembled on the eccentric wheel (12), and the diameter of the eccentric wheel (12) is equal to the width of the inner frame of the translation frame (13); the eccentric wheel (12) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (14) through a flat key; the rotary shaft (14) is arranged in a rotary shaft mounting hole (1-6) of the seed metering shell (1) to perform rotary motion, and a driving sprocket (15) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotary shaft (14); two seed discharging nozzles (21) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the seed discharging guide rod (11); a flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) is arranged at the middle position above the seed metering guide rod (11), the flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) is assembled on a seed protection belt shaft (8), and the seed protection belt shaft (8) is assembled in a belt shaft mounting hole (1-4) of the seed metering shell (1) and can perform rotary motion; seed picking brushes (20) are respectively arranged at two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22), the two seed picking brushes (20) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the driving brush shaft (10) and the driven brush shaft (6), two ends of the driving brush shaft (10) and the driven brush shaft (6) are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes (1-2) of the seed metering shell (1), and one end of each brush shaft is assembled in a hole of the square brush seat (5); the square brush seat (5) slides up and down along the slideway adjusting plate (7) through the adjusting bolt (4) so as to adjust the seed picking amount; a driving brush gear (18) and a driven sprocket (17) are respectively fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driving brush shaft (10), and the driven sprocket (17) is assembled with the driving sprocket (15) through a chain (16) and can perform rotary motion; a driven brush gear (19) is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft (6), and the driven brush gear (19) is meshed with the driving brush gear (18); the seed discharging pipe (9) is fixedly arranged at the position of a seed discharging pipe mounting hole (1-5) at the lower part of the seed discharging shell (1); the flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) is made of flexible rubber.
CN202010521487.3A 2020-06-02 2020-06-02 Double-side precise seed taking paddy rice hole direct seeding mechanism Active CN111587638B (en)

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CN111587638B true CN111587638B (en) 2024-05-28

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111543144B (en) * 2020-05-21 2024-05-28 哈尔滨市农业科学院 Seeding device of paddy planter

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JPH09474U (en) * 1997-03-21 1997-09-09 八鹿鉄工株式会社 Seeding equipment
KR200165457Y1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2000-02-15 구진섭 Device sowing seed rice
KR20030071180A (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-03 전라북도(농업기술원) Direct Seeder
KR200327932Y1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2003-09-26 구진섭 Device for seeder
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CN108551814A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-09-21 华中农业大学 A kind of two-chamber sliding slot shield kind formula rice extractive quantity hole sowing seeder unit
CN111543144A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-08-18 哈尔滨市农业科学院 Seeder of rice direct seeder
CN212393206U (en) * 2020-05-21 2021-01-26 哈尔滨市农业科学院 Seeder of rice direct seeder
CN212812689U (en) * 2020-06-02 2021-03-30 哈尔滨市农业科学院 Rice hole direct seeding mechanism capable of achieving precise seed taking on two sides

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