CN108283037B - Combined double-charging single-grain precision seed sowing device - Google Patents
Combined double-charging single-grain precision seed sowing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108283037B CN108283037B CN201810077915.0A CN201810077915A CN108283037B CN 108283037 B CN108283037 B CN 108283037B CN 201810077915 A CN201810077915 A CN 201810077915A CN 108283037 B CN108283037 B CN 108283037B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combined double-charging type single-grain precision seed sowing device, in particular to a single-grain precision seed sowing device for agricultural machinery seeds, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Comprises a frame, a cylinder, a seed dropping plate, a seed box, a seed cleaning brush, a seed protecting device, a star-shaped seed pushing mechanism, a combined seed filling mechanism and a seed dropping pipe. The invention designs a single-grain precise seed metering device capable of realizing repeated seed filling of single-row seeds for many times by controlling the reciprocating motion of a seed dropping plate by adopting a combined seed filling wheel by utilizing a combined repeated filling working principle. When the seed sowing operation is carried out, seeds are firstly placed in the seed box, the seeds entering the seed box are divided into 3 seed charging areas under the action of the partition plate, power is transmitted to the driving sprocket, and under the driving action of the driving sprocket, the combined seed charging wheel rotates to charge seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combined double-charging type single-grain precision seed metering device, in particular to a single-grain precision seed metering device for non-round seeds in agricultural machinery, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery precision seeding.
Background
The precision seeding technology is to seed the seeds with determined quantity into soil with determined depth according to the determined row spacing and grain spacing, namely accurate seeding quantity, accurate plant spacing and row spacing and accurate seeding depth. The precision seeding can be single-grain precision seeding or multi-grain one-hole precision seeding, but the requirement that the number of grains in each hole is the same ensures the precision of the seeding quantity and the plant spacing. The precision seeding technology is developed by developing the growth rule and the characteristics of crops, so that the balanced distribution of the seeds in the field can be ensured, and the growth and development conditions of water, fertilizer, light and the like of the seeds can be optimized, so that the precision seeding technology has the advantages of strong seedlings, time saving, labor saving and the like, and is an economic and synergistic engineering technology capable of remarkably improving the yield and the quality of the crops. With the development of agricultural technology in recent years, especially the rapid development of technologies such as genetic breeding, agronomic cultivation, seed processing and the like, a more reliable guarantee is provided for the precision seeding technology, so that the precision seeding technology is widely popularized and applied at home and abroad, and single-grain precision seeding is also a research hotspot in recent years. At present, most field crops are gradually developed from traditional drill seeding, hole seeding and semi-precision seeding to precise seeding modes, and crop types are gradually developed from circular seeds such as corn, soybean and beet to irregular crop seeds such as rice, vegetables and wheat. Research shows that the yield of the precision seeding technology is 10% -30% higher than that of the traditional seeding technology, the more advanced the precision seeding technology is, the more obvious the yield increasing effect is, and single-grain precision seeding is a novel cultivation technology which is proposed on the basis of precision seeding, more grains can be distributed more uniformly in the field, light shading is reduced, photosynthesis is fully utilized, and the seed saving and yield increasing effects are obvious. Therefore, the single-grain precision seeding technology has become the main development direction of the modern precision seeding technology.
The precise seed metering technology is one of the most critical technologies for precise seeding, and a precise seed metering device is needed for realizing precise seed metering. In recent years, researches on precision seed metering devices mainly aim at non-circular seeds such as corn, soybean, peanut, wheat, rice and the like, although the precision seed metering technology of the crops has been greatly improved at present, the low seed filling rate is still a difficult point of the single-grain precision seed metering technology due to irregular shapes of the seeds. Along with the development of agricultural modernization and the continuous popularization and application of single-grain precision seeding high-yield cultivation technology, a single-grain precision seed metering device suitable for non-circular irregular seeds is urgently needed to be developed, and the development of single-grain precision seeding agricultural mechanical equipment is a necessary trend. The single-grain precision seed sowing device with stable performance, simple structure and strong adaptability is researched and designed for popularizing a single-grain precision sowing technology to reduce production cost and increase yield, is a problem to be solved urgently at present, and has practical significance for improving production benefit, reducing cost and accelerating development of modern mechanical planting.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a combined double-charging type single-grain precise seed metering device, and aims to provide a novel precise seed metering device, so that in the seed metering process of non-round seeds, the seed metering precision can be improved, the production efficiency can be increased, the seed damage rate can be reduced, and single-grain precise seed metering can be realized according to the principle of double charging.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device, comprising: the seed-metering device comprises a frame 5, a cylinder 1, a seed dropping plate 2, a seed box 6, a seed cleaning brush 7, a seed protection device, a star-shaped seed pushing mechanism, a combined seed charging mechanism and a seed dropping pipe 35;
the machine frame 5 comprises left and right symmetrical L-shaped plates, wherein a bottom plate of one L-shaped plate is provided with a cylinder bracket mounting hole 18, a bottom plate of each L-shaped plate is provided with a mounting frame mounting hole 29, the center of a side plate of each L-shaped plate is provided with a supporting shaft hole 22, the periphery of the supporting shaft hole 22 is provided with a supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed box mounting hole 23, a seed cleaning brush mounting hole 24, a seed protection belt tensioning hole 25 and a seed protection belt supporting shaft hole 26 are sequentially arranged above the supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed falling plate supporting slot hole 20 is arranged below the supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed falling pipe mounting hole 32 is arranged below the seed falling plate supporting slot hole 20, one side of the seed falling pipe mounting hole 32 is sequentially provided with a seed protection belt shaft hole 40 and a seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28, and a seed protection flange mounting hole 27 is sequentially arranged around the seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28;
the air cylinder 1 is arranged on an air cylinder bracket through an air cylinder mounting frame 19, the air cylinder bracket is arranged on one side of the frame 5 through an air cylinder bracket mounting hole 18, the seed dropping plate 2 is movably arranged with the frame 5 through a seed dropping plate supporting slot hole 20, the air cylinder 1 is positioned on one side of the seed dropping plate 2, the combined seed charging mechanism is arranged on the frame 5 through a supporting shaft hole 22, and the seed dropping plate 2 is positioned below the side of the combined seed charging mechanism; the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism is arranged on the combined seed filling mechanism; the seed box 6 is positioned above the seed dropping plate 2 and above the side of the combined seed charging mechanism and is fixed on the frame 5 through a seed box mounting hole 23; the seed cleaning brush 7 is inclined to one side of the seed box 6, is positioned above the combined seed charging mechanism and is arranged on the frame 5 through a seed cleaning brush mounting hole 24; the seed dropping pipe 35 is arranged on the frame 5 through a seed dropping pipe mounting hole 32 and is positioned right below the seed box 6 and the seed dropping plate 2; the upper end of the seed protection device is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush 7 and is arranged on the frame 5 through the seed protection belt tensioning hole 25, the lower end of the seed protection device is respectively arranged on the frame 5 through the seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28 and the seed protection belt shaft hole 40 and is tangential with the outer ring of the combined seed charging mechanism to form a seed protection zone.
On the basis of the scheme, the air cylinder 1 is provided with a push rod which is fixedly connected with the falling plate 2.
On the basis of the scheme, the combined seed filling mechanism comprises: a supporting shaft 9, a driving chain wheel 3, a supporting flange 4, a driving end cover 30 and a combined seed filling wheel 14,
three driving end cover mounting holes 37 are uniformly formed in the driving end cover 30, and key grooves 38 are formed in the driving end cover 30 in the radial direction;
both ends of the supporting shaft 9 respectively pass through the driving end cover 30 and the supporting flange 4 and are arranged on the frame 5 through the supporting shaft hole 22; bearings are respectively arranged between the support flange 4 and the driving end cover 30 and between the support flange 4 and the support shaft 9; the support flange 4 is arranged on the frame 5 through a support flange mounting hole 21, and the drive sprocket 3 is fixed on the key groove 38;
the combined seed filling wheel 14 is formed by combining three combined seed filling wheel monomers, three support holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential surface of each combined seed filling wheel monomer, the support holes on the three combined seed filling wheel monomers correspond to each other, and the seed filling wheel support rods 13 are used for connecting the three combined seed filling wheel monomers together and are fixed on the driving end cover 30 through the driving end cover mounting holes 37.
On the basis of the scheme, a 10 mm-15 mm interval is reserved between each two combined seed filling wheel monomers; the circumference of the combined seed filling wheel 14 is uniformly distributed with seed filling holes 31 designed according to the shape of the seeds, the seed filling holes 31 are through holes, and the bottom width of the seed filling holes 31 is not more than 1/3 of the thickness of the seeds.
On the basis of the scheme, the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism comprises: the device comprises a crank 11 and a star-shaped seed pusher 12, wherein the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is connected with the crank 11 through a bearing, the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is arranged on a supporting shaft 9 through the crank 11 and is fixed below the inside of a combined seed charging wheel 14 through a supporting flange 4, and the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is meshed with the bottom of a seed charging hole 31 and rotates under the drive of the combined seed charging wheel 14.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed protection device comprises: the seed protection belt comprises a flexible synchronous seed protection belt 8, a seed protection belt tensioning shaft, a seed protection belt supporting shaft 10, a flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15, a seed protection belt shaft, a seed protection flange 16 and a seed protection belt driving sprocket 17;
the seed protection belt tensioning shaft is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush 7, two ends of the seed protection belt tensioning shaft are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt tensioning holes 25, two ends of the seed protection belt supporting shaft 10 are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt supporting shaft holes 26, two ends of the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15 respectively penetrate through the seed protection flange 16 and are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt driving shaft holes 28, and the seed protection flange 16 is arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection flange mounting holes 27; two ends of the seed protection belt shaft are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt shaft holes 40, and the seed protection belt driving sprocket 17 is arranged on the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15;
the flexible synchronous seed protection belt 8 is arranged on the seed protection belt tensioning shaft, the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15 and the seed protection belt shaft, and simultaneously is tensioned through the seed protection belt supporting shaft 10 and tangent with the outer ring of the combined seed charging wheel 14 to form a seed protection zone.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed box 6 is positioned above the side of the combined seed charging wheel 14, and three seed box partition plates 33 are uniformly distributed in the seed box 6; the lower end of the seed box 6 is provided with three seed box openings 34 which are respectively tangent with three combined seed filling wheel monomers of the combined seed filling wheel 14;
the seed cleaning brush 7 is positioned above the combined seed charging wheel 14.
On the basis of the scheme, the inner side of the seed dropping plate 2 is tangent with the combined seed filling wheel 14; the seed dropping plate 2 is provided with a seed dropping port 39, the seed dropping port 39 and the corresponding combined seed filling wheel monomers form a seed metering area, and the length of the seed dropping port 39 is greater than the length of one seed filling hole 31 and less than the length of 5/2 seed filling holes 31.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed dropping pipe 35 is positioned right below the seed box 6 and the seed dropping port 39, and a flexible seed guiding pipe 36 is fixed below the seed dropping pipe 35.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the combined seed charging wheel is adopted by utilizing the combined re-charging working principle, so that the single-seed precise seed metering device capable of realizing repeated seed charging of single-row seeds for many times by controlling the reciprocating motion of the seed dropping plate is designed. When the seed sowing operation is carried out, seeds are firstly placed in the seed box, the seeds entering the seed box are divided into 3 seed charging areas under the action of the partition plate, power is transmitted to the driving sprocket, and under the driving action of the driving sprocket, the combined seed charging wheel rotates to charge seeds. After the combined seed charging wheel completes seed charging through the seed charging area, the combined seed charging wheel enters a flexible synchronous seed protection belt seed protection area, at the moment, the seed protection belt is driven to synchronously rotate with a seed charging mechanism under the action of power, and the relative movement speed of the seed protection belt and the seed charging wheel is 0, so that the damage to seeds is reduced. Then, when the seeds move to the bottom seed pusher, the seeds on the combined seed charging wheel monomers corresponding to the seed falling plate are pushed out under the action of the star-shaped seed pusher and fall into the seed falling pipe from the seed falling port, so that seed sowing is realized. The seeds in the combined seed charging wheel monomers which do not correspond to the seed falling openings on the seed falling plates are not discharged, enter the next seed charging under the seed protecting effect of the seed falling plates, realize the secondary seed charging, reduce the cavity rate, when the next circulating seeds move to the bottom of the seed charging mechanism, the seed falling plates reciprocate under the action of the air cylinders to the seed falling openings on the seed falling plates to correspond to the other seed charging monomers, the seed is discharged, and the other two combined seed charging wheel monomers enter the secondary or the tertiary seed charging, so that the repeated seed charging is formed.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a combination recharging single-grain precision seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a combined seed charging mechanism of a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a star-shaped seed pushing mechanism of a combined double-charging type single-grain precision seed metering device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the seed box of a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a seed dropping plate of a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a combination recharging single-grain precision seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the seed dropping tube of the combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device;
reference numerals:
1. air cylinder 2 blank dropping plate
3. Support flange for driving sprocket 4
5. 6 kinds of cases of frame
7. Flexible synchronous seed protection belt of seed cleaning brush 8
9. Support shaft 10 seed protection belt support shaft
11. Crank 12 star-shaped seed pusher
13. Seed filling wheel and support rod 14 combined seed filling wheel
15. Flexible synchronous seed protection flange with driving shaft 16
17. Seed protection belt driving sprocket 18 cylinder bracket mounting hole
19. Plate falling support slot of air cylinder mounting frame 20
21. Support flange mounting hole 22 supports the shaft hole
23. Seed box mounting hole 24 seed cleaning brush mounting hole
25. Seed protection belt tensioning hole 26 seed protection belt supporting shaft hole
27. Seed protection flange mounting hole 28 seed protection belt driving shaft hole
29. Mounting bracket mounting hole 30 drive end cover
31. Seed filling hole 32 seed dropping pipe mounting hole
33. 34 seed box openings of seed box partition plate
35. Flexible seed guiding tube of seed dropping tube 36
37. Key groove of drive end cover mounting hole 38
39. Seed falling port 40 seed protection belt shaft hole
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device comprises: the seed-metering device comprises a frame 5, a cylinder 1, a seed dropping plate 2, a seed box 6, a seed cleaning brush 7, a seed protection device, a star-shaped seed pushing mechanism, a combined seed charging mechanism and a seed dropping pipe 35;
the machine frame 5 comprises left and right symmetrical L-shaped plates, wherein a bottom plate of one L-shaped plate is provided with a cylinder bracket mounting hole 18, a bottom plate of each L-shaped plate is provided with a mounting frame mounting hole 29, the center of a side plate of each L-shaped plate is provided with a supporting shaft hole 22, the periphery of the supporting shaft hole 22 is provided with a supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed box mounting hole 23, a seed cleaning brush mounting hole 24, a seed protection belt tensioning hole 25 and a seed protection belt supporting shaft hole 26 are sequentially arranged above the supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed falling plate supporting slot hole 20 is arranged below the supporting flange mounting hole 21, a seed falling pipe mounting hole 32 is arranged below the seed falling plate supporting slot hole 20, one side of the seed falling pipe mounting hole 32 is sequentially provided with a seed protection belt shaft hole 40 and a seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28, and a seed protection flange mounting hole 27 is sequentially arranged around the seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cylinder 1 is mounted on a cylinder bracket through a cylinder mounting frame 19, the cylinder bracket is mounted on one side of the frame 5 through a cylinder bracket mounting hole 18, the seed dropping plate 2 is movably mounted with the frame 5 through a seed dropping support slot 20, the cylinder 1 is positioned on one side of the seed dropping plate 2, the combined seed charging mechanism is mounted on the frame 5 through a support shaft hole 22, the seed dropping plate 2 is positioned below the combined seed charging mechanism, and the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism is mounted on the combined seed charging mechanism; the seed box 6 is positioned above the seed dropping plate 2 and above the side of the combined seed charging mechanism and is fixed on the frame 5 through a seed box mounting hole 23; the seed cleaning brush 7 is inclined to one side of the seed box 6, is positioned above the combined seed charging mechanism and is arranged on the frame 5 through a seed cleaning brush mounting hole 24; the seed dropping pipe 35 is arranged on the frame 5 through a seed dropping pipe mounting hole 32 and is positioned right below the seed box 6 and the seed dropping plate 2; the upper end of the seed protection device is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush 7 and is arranged on the frame 5 through the seed protection belt tensioning hole 25, the lower end of the seed protection device is respectively arranged on the frame 5 through the seed protection belt driving shaft hole 28 and the seed protection belt shaft hole 40 and is tangential with the outer ring of the combined seed charging mechanism to form a seed protection zone.
On the basis of the scheme, the air cylinder 1 is provided with a push rod which is fixedly connected with the falling plate 2.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the combined seed charging mechanism includes: a supporting shaft 9, a driving chain wheel 3, a supporting flange 4, a driving end cover 30 and a combined seed filling wheel 14,
three driving end cover mounting holes 37 are uniformly formed in the driving end cover 30, and key grooves 38 are formed in the driving end cover 30 in the radial direction;
both ends of the supporting shaft 9 respectively penetrate through the driving end cover 30 and the supporting flange 4 and are arranged on the frame 5 through the supporting shaft hole 22; bearings are respectively arranged between the support flange 4 and the driving end cover 30 and between the support flange 4 and the support shaft 9; the support flange 4 is arranged on the frame 5 through a support flange mounting hole 21, and the drive sprocket 3 is fixed on the key groove 38;
the combined seed filling wheel 14 is formed by combining three combined seed filling wheel monomers, three support holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential surface of each combined seed filling wheel monomer, the support holes on the three combined seed filling wheel monomers correspond to each other, and the seed filling wheel support rods 13 penetrate through the support holes to connect the three combined seed filling wheel monomers together and are fixed on the driving end cover 30 through the driving end cover mounting holes 37.
On the basis of the scheme, a 10 mm-15 mm interval is reserved between each two combined seed filling wheel monomers; the circumference of the combined seed filling wheel 14 is uniformly distributed with seed filling holes 31 designed according to the shape of the seeds, the seed filling holes 31 are through holes, and the bottom width of the seed filling holes 31 is not more than 1/3 of the thickness of the seeds.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, on the basis of the above scheme, the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism includes: a crank 11 and a star-shaped seed pusher 12, wherein the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is connected with the crank 11 through a bearing, and the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is arranged on the supporting shaft 9 through the crank 11 and is fixed below the inside of the combined seed charging wheel 14 through the supporting flange 4; the star-shaped seed pusher 12 is meshed with the bottom of the seed filling hole 31 and rotates under the drive of the seed filling wheel 14.
On the basis of the scheme, the seed protection device comprises: the seed protection belt comprises a flexible synchronous seed protection belt 8, a seed protection belt tensioning shaft, a seed protection belt supporting shaft 10, a flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15, a seed protection belt shaft, a seed protection flange 16 and a seed protection belt driving sprocket 17;
the seed protection belt tensioning shaft is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush 7, two ends of the seed protection belt tensioning shaft are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt tensioning holes 25, two ends of the seed protection belt supporting shaft 10 are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt supporting shaft holes 26, two ends of the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15 respectively penetrate through the seed protection flange 16 and are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt driving shaft holes 28, and the seed protection flange 16 is arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection flange mounting holes 27; two ends of the seed protection belt shaft are arranged on the frame 5 through seed protection belt shaft holes 40, and the seed protection belt driving sprocket 17 is arranged on the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15;
the flexible synchronous seed protection belt 8 is arranged on the seed protection belt tensioning shaft, the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft 15 and the seed protection belt shaft, and simultaneously is tensioned through the seed protection belt supporting shaft 10 and tangent with the outer ring of the combined seed charging wheel 14 to form a seed protection zone.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, on the basis of the above scheme, the seed box 6 is positioned above the side of the combined seed charging wheel 14, and three seed box separators 33 are uniformly distributed inside the seed box 6; the lower end of the seed box 6 is provided with three seed box openings 34 which are respectively tangent with three combined seed filling wheel monomers of the combined seed filling wheel monomers 14; the seed cleaning brush 7 is positioned above the combined seed charging wheel 14.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, on the basis of the above scheme, the inner side of the seed dropping plate 2 is tangent to the combined seed charging wheel 14; the seed dropping plate 2 is provided with a seed dropping port 39, the seed dropping port 39 and a corresponding combined seed filling wheel monomer form a seed metering area, and the length of the seed dropping port 39 is greater than the length of one seed filling hole 31 and less than the length of 5/2 seed filling holes 31.
As shown in fig. 1, 7 and 8, in the above-described embodiments, the seed dropping pipe 35 is located directly below the seed box 6 and the seed dropping port 39, and a flexible seed guiding pipe 36 is fixed below the seed dropping pipe 35.
When the combined double-charging type single-grain precision seed metering device is used for seed metering operation, seeds are firstly placed in a seed box, the seeds entering the seed box are divided into 3 seed charging areas under the action of a partition plate, power is transmitted to a driving chain wheel, and the combined seed charging wheel rotates for seed charging under the action of the driving chain wheel. After the combined seed filling wheel passes through the seed filling area to finish seed filling, the combined seed filling wheel enters a flexible synchronous seed protection belt seed protection area; at this time, the seed protection belt driving chain wheel rotates synchronously with the seed filling mechanism under the action of power, and the relative movement speed of the seed protection belt and the seed filling wheel is zero, so that the seed damage is reduced. Then, when the seeds move to the bottom seed pusher along with the holes, the seeds on the combined seed charging wheel monomers corresponding to the seed falling plate are pushed out under the double functions of the star-shaped seed pusher and gravity and fall into the seed falling pipe from the seed falling port, so that seed sowing is realized. The seeds in the seed filling monomer type holes which do not correspond to the seed falling openings on the seed falling plates are not discharged, enter the next seed filling under the seed protecting effect of the seed falling plates, realize secondary seed filling, reduce the cavity rate, when the next circulating seeds move to the bottom of the seed filling mechanism, the seed falling plates reciprocate to the seed falling openings on the seed falling plates under the effect of the air cylinders to correspond to the other seed filling monomers, the other two combined seed filling monomers enter the secondary or the tertiary seed filling, and the repeated seed filling is formed, so that the single-seed precise seed filling is realized, the cavity rate is reduced, and the characteristics of single-seed mechanized seed feeding of non-round seeds with the requirement on seed cleaning are met.
The invention adopts a combined mechanical seed filling structure by utilizing the repeated seed filling principle, realizes controllable single-grain precise seed metering by controlling and adjusting the reciprocating motion of the seed dropping plate to be matched with the mechanical seed filling structure, reduces the damage of seeds under the action of the flexible synchronous seed protection belt, can forcedly clean seeds, can be applied to the seeding operation of various crops through different type hole designs, and has the characteristics of high single grain rate, small seed damage, simple structure, convenient use, stability, high efficiency, strong adaptability and the like.
It should be finally understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device, which is characterized by comprising: the seed-cleaning machine comprises a frame (5), an air cylinder (1), a seed dropping plate (2), a seed box (6), a seed cleaning brush (7), a seed protection device, a star-shaped seed pushing mechanism, a combined seed charging mechanism and a seed dropping pipe (35);
the machine frame (5) comprises left and right symmetrical L-shaped plates, wherein a cylinder bracket mounting hole (18) is formed in the bottom plate of one L-shaped plate, a mounting bracket mounting hole (29) is formed in the bottom plate of each L-shaped plate, a supporting shaft hole (22) is formed in the center of the side plate of each L-shaped plate, supporting flange mounting holes (21) are formed in the periphery of each supporting shaft hole (22), a seed box mounting hole (23), a seed cleaning brush mounting hole (24), a seed protection belt tensioning hole (25) and a seed protection belt supporting shaft hole (26) are sequentially formed in the upper portion of each supporting flange mounting hole (21), a seed falling plate supporting slot hole (20) is formed in the lower portion of each supporting flange mounting hole (21), a seed falling pipe mounting hole (32) is formed in the lower portion of each seed falling pipe supporting slot hole (20), a seed protection belt shaft hole (40) and a seed protection belt driving shaft hole (28) are sequentially formed in one side of each seed protection pipe mounting hole (32), and seed protection belt mounting holes (27) are formed in the periphery of each seed protection belt driving shaft hole (28);
the combined seed filling mechanism is mounted on the frame (5) through a support shaft hole (22), and the seed falling plate (2) is positioned below the combined seed filling mechanism; the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism is arranged on the combined seed filling mechanism; the seed box (6) is positioned above the seed dropping plate (2) and above the side of the combined seed filling mechanism and is fixed on the frame (5) through a seed box mounting hole (23); the seed cleaning brush (7) is inclined to one side of the seed box (6), is positioned above the combined seed filling mechanism and is arranged on the frame (5) through a seed cleaning brush mounting hole (24); the seed dropping pipe (35) is arranged on the frame (5) through a seed dropping pipe mounting hole (32) and is positioned right below the seed box (6) and the seed dropping plate (2); the upper end of the seed protection device is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush (7), and is arranged on the frame (5) through a seed protection belt tensioning hole (25), the lower end of the seed protection device is respectively arranged on the frame (5) through a seed protection belt driving shaft hole (28) and a seed protection belt shaft hole (40), and is tangential with the outer ring of the combined seed charging mechanism to form a seed protection zone;
a push rod is arranged on the air cylinder (1) and is fixedly connected with the seed dropping plate (2);
the combined seed filling mechanism comprises: a supporting shaft (9), a driving chain wheel (3), a supporting flange (4), a driving end cover (30) and a combined seed filling wheel (14),
three drive end cover mounting holes (37) are uniformly formed in the drive end cover (30), and key grooves (38) are formed in the drive end cover (30) in the radial direction;
two ends of the supporting shaft (9) respectively penetrate through the driving end cover (30) and the supporting flange (4) and are arranged on the frame (5) through the supporting shaft hole (22); bearings are respectively arranged between the support flange (4) and the driving end cover (30) and between the support flange (4) and the support shaft (9); the support flange (4) is arranged on the frame (5) through a support flange mounting hole (21), and the driving chain wheel (3) is fixed on the key groove (38);
the combined seed filling wheel (14) is formed by combining three combined seed filling wheel monomers, three support holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential surface of each combined seed filling wheel monomer, the support holes on the three combined seed filling wheel monomers correspond to each other, and the seed filling wheel support rods (13) are used for connecting the three combined seed filling wheel monomers together and are fixed on the driving end cover (30) through the driving end cover mounting holes (37).
2. The combined double-charging type single-grain precision seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein a 10 mm-15 mm interval is reserved between each two combined seed charging wheel monomers; the circumference of the combined seed filling wheel (14) is uniformly distributed with seed filling holes (31) designed according to the shape of seeds, the seed filling holes (31) are through holes, and the bottom width of the seed filling holes (31) is not more than 1/3 of the thickness of the seeds.
3. The combined recharging single-grain precision seed metering device of claim 2, wherein the star-shaped seed pushing mechanism comprises: crank (11) and star seed pusher (12), star seed pusher (12) are connected with crank (11) through the bearing, star seed pusher (12) are installed on back shaft (9) through crank (11) to be fixed in the inside below of combination formula seed charging wheel (14) through support flange (4), star seed pusher (12) and the bottom meshing of filling type hole (31), and spin under the drive of combination formula seed charging wheel (14).
4. The combination recharging single-grain precision seed metering device of claim 1, wherein the seed protection device comprises: the seed protection device comprises a flexible synchronous seed protection belt (8), a seed protection belt tensioning shaft, a seed protection belt supporting shaft (10), a flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft (15), a seed protection belt shaft, a seed protection flange (16) and a seed protection belt driving sprocket (17);
the seed protection belt tensioning shaft is positioned at one side of the seed cleaning brush (7), two ends of the seed protection belt tensioning shaft are arranged on the frame (5) through seed protection belt tensioning holes (25), two ends of the seed protection belt supporting shaft (10) are arranged on the frame (5) through seed protection belt supporting shaft holes (26), two ends of the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft (15) respectively penetrate through the seed protection flange (16) and are arranged on the frame (5) through seed protection belt driving shaft holes (28), and the seed protection flange (16) is arranged on the frame (5) through seed protection flange mounting holes (27); two ends of the seed protection belt shaft are arranged on the frame (5) through seed protection belt shaft holes (40), and the seed protection belt driving sprocket (17) is arranged on the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft (15);
the flexible synchronous seed protection belt (8) is arranged on the seed protection belt tensioning shaft, the flexible synchronous seed protection belt driving shaft (15) and the seed protection belt shaft, and simultaneously is tensioned through the seed protection belt supporting shaft (10) and tangent with the outer ring of the combined seed charging wheel (14) to form a seed protection zone.
5. The combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device according to claim 2, wherein the seed box (6) is positioned above the side of the combined seed charging wheel (14), and three seed box partition plates (33) are uniformly distributed in the seed box (6); the lower end of the seed box (6) is provided with three seed box openings (34) which are respectively tangent with three combined seed filling wheel monomers of the combined seed filling wheel (14);
the seed cleaning brush (7) is positioned above the combined seed filling wheel (14).
6. The combined double-charging single-grain precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner side of the seed dropping plate (2) is tangential to a combined seed charging wheel (14); seed dropping openings (39) are formed in the seed dropping plates (2), the seed dropping openings (39) and corresponding combined seed filling wheel monomers form seed metering areas, and the length of each seed dropping opening (39) is greater than that of one seed filling hole (31) and less than that of 5/2 seed filling holes (31).
7. The combined double-charging single-seed precision seed metering device according to claim 6, wherein the seed dropping tube (35) is positioned right below the seed box (6) and the seed dropping port (39), and a flexible seed guiding tube (36) is fixed below the seed dropping tube (35).
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| CN110024531B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-02-11 | 西北农林科技大学 | Single-grain wheat ear amount dibbling device and method |
| CN110313277A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-11 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of intelligence is double to fill kind of type hole roller rice precision seed metering device and a type of seeding |
| CN111345133B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2023-04-07 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Seeding device and grain dibbling machine |
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