CN110140602B

CN110140602B - Method for recovering vegetation in coal mine area of arid area

Info

Publication number: CN110140602B
Application number: CN201910517516.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王梦; 李超; 李阳; 王文全; 李昊宇; 麻浩; 马俊杰
Original assignee: China Energy Investment Corp Ltd; Shenhua Guoneng Group Corp Ltd
Current assignee: China Energy Investment Corp Ltd; Shenhua Guoneng Group Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-14
Filing date: 2019-06-14
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-14
Also published as: CN110140602A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in a coal mine area in an arid area. The method comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of 50-100: mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain planting soil; placing planting soil on the land of the area to be restored to obtain the area to be planted; and planting plants in the area to be planted. The natural resource desert soil in the coal mine area can meet the plant growth requirement to a certain extent, if the plant growth requirement cannot be met, domestic sludge can be added into the desert soil, so that the formed planting soil can greatly improve the content of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, the plant nutrient content of the mixed soil is increased, and the plant growth is facilitated. The plant growth survival rate can be improved by planting plants on the land to be restored covered with the improved planting soil.

Description

Method for recovering vegetation in coal mine area of arid area

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil and planting, in particular to a method for recovering vegetation in a coal mine area in an arid area.

Background

Mineral resources are the material basis necessary for human society culture. Along with the development of industrial and agricultural production, the spirit and substance living level of human beings is improved, and the social demand for mineral resources is increasingly increased. The development and utilization of coal resources greatly promote the economic development of mining areas, bring ecological environment pollution, generate various pollutants, cause pollution to the atmosphere, water and soil, destroy the natural environment, and bring direct and indirect, recent or long-term adverse effects to the ecological environment and human health. The solid wastes generated in the mining, processing and using processes of coal resources mainly comprise coal gangue, coal slime, coal ash, burnt stone and the like. The fly ash not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes serious pollution to the soil, particularly harmful components such as trace elements, heavy metals and a small amount of radioactive elements in the fly ash are diffused, migrated and accumulated along with the soil, and then the harmful components permeate into underground water and soil or are transferred into crops, so that the fly ash is harmful to the health of people and livestock, and the elimination and reduction of the pollution of solid wastes such as the fly ash to the environment of a mining area are important means for improving the environment quality. The burnt stone is an associated product of coal mines, is accumulated in a large amount in a mining area, and occupies a large amount of land. The domestic sludge is a sediment with high moisture content, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter content of the domestic sludge are 28.42, 5.28 and 82.25g/kg in sequence, and if the sludge is used for preparing desert soil, the content of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be greatly improved, and the growth of plants is facilitated.

Sinkiang is located in the middle of Asia-European continent and at the northwest edges of China, and ocean moisture cannot enter because of being far away from the ocean and being blocked by the high mountains around, so that a very bright temperate continental climate is formed in the region of Sinkiang. This climate has very distinct characteristics: firstly, the temperature change is large, the sunshine time is long, and the annual average sunshine time is about 2500-3500 h; secondly, the precipitation is less, and the average precipitation in Xinjiang is only about 150mm according to relevant statistical data; thirdly, the temperature difference between winter and summer is large. The heat energy generated by the sunshine is completely absorbed by the ground and the soil, so that the soil cannot be evaporated and cooled, the temperature is high in summer day, and at night, the cooling and radiating speed of the ground is quite high due to the fact that the gobi does not have the capacity of keeping heat, and the temperature difference between day and night is large due to sudden temperature drop; fourthly, the climate is dry, the cloud and rain are less, the air humidity is lower, the ground vegetation is rare, once wind blows, sand and dust fly, and particularly the phenomenon of wind and sand diffusion often occurs on the gobi desert; fifthly, in windy weather, due to more mountains and bottlenecks in Xinjiang, windy days are formed when cold air invades.

The main problems faced in planting and repairing in Xinjiang mining areas are: (1) the desert soil is highly salinized and deficient in nutrition. The pH value of the desert soil is about 7.5-8.9, the total salt is 3.9-37.1 g/kg, the content of each nutrient component in the desert soil is low, and the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and organic matters is 0.06-0.18 g/kg, 0.12-0.41 g/kg, 2.1-4.7 g/kg and 7.2-48.1 g/kg in sequence. (2) The desert soil particles have small particle size and are easy to harden after irrigation. (3) Large sand, less precipitation and large evaporation. The water retention of the surface layer of the soil is poor, and plant seeds, seedlings and covered surface soil are easy to be damaged and blown away by wind and sand. (4) The surface temperature is high, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. The phenomenon of sunscald is easy to occur, and the growth and the survival rate of the seedlings are influenced. (5) How to efficiently utilize the existing rich resources of desert soil, fly ash, fine sand, domestic sludge, burnt stone and the like in a mining area, thereby effectively reducing the ecological restoration cost. In view of the above problems, there is a need to develop an effective method for recovering vegetation in coal mine areas of arid regions to be suitable for plant growth.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a method for recovering vegetation in coal mine areas in arid areas, so as to solve the problem that the vegetation in the areas is difficult to grow.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for vegetation restoration of a coal mine area in an arid region, the method comprising: according to the weight ratio of 50-100: mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain planting soil; placing planting soil on the land of the area to be restored to obtain the area to be planted; and planting plants in the area to be planted.

Furthermore, the planting soil also comprises a hardening resistant agent which is coal ash; the method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing desert soil, fly ash and domestic sludge according to the ratio of 50-100: 5-25: and (3) mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain the planting soil.

Further, placing the planting soil on the land of the area to be restored by adopting one of the following modes: (1) directly covering the planting soil on the exposed land surface of the area to be restored, wherein the covering thickness is preferably 10-50 cm; (2) and digging a pit to bury the planting soil, wherein the thickness of the buried planting soil is preferably greater than or equal to the depth of the pit.

Further, planting drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant desert plants in the area to be planted.

Further, the drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant desert plants are selected from any one or more of the following plants: (1) monocot plants: sudan grass, Elymus, bromus formosanus, Festuca arundinacea, agropyron cristatum, and Commelina communis; (2) dicotyledonous plant: sweet clover, red bean grass and alfalfa.

Further, after the plants are planted in the area to be planted, the method further comprises the step of irrigating the plants.

Furthermore, the area to be restored is an area with rainfall of 100-200 mm, and plants are irrigated by adopting rainfall and snowfall; the area to be restored is an area with rainfall of 30-100 mm, and irrigation is carried out by adopting a mode of spraying or paving an underground infiltrating irrigation pipeline for supplying water; preferably, domestic sewage is used as a water source for irrigation.

Further, before planting the plants in the area to be planted, the method further comprises the following steps: covering a water retention layer on the surface of the planting soil; preferably, the water retention layer is burnt stone; more preferably, the diameter of the burnt stone is 8-20 cm; more preferably, the covering area of the burnt stone on the surface of the planting soil is 50 to 80 percent; more preferably, the flint has irregular edges and corners, and the flint forms an acute angle with the ground when laid.

Further, the plants are planted in the area to be planted in a broadcasting or drilling mode.

Furthermore, the area to be recovered is an area with accumulated snow in winter, and plants are planted in the area to be planted in a autumn sowing mode; or the area to be recovered is an area without accumulated snow in winter, and plants are planted in the area to be planted in a spring sowing mode.

The technical scheme of the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in a coal mine area of an arid area, which comprises the following steps of: mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain planting soil; placing planting soil on the land of the area to be restored to obtain the area to be planted; and planting plants in the area to be planted. In the step of preparing the planting soil, the inherent resource desert soil in the coal mine area can meet the growth requirement of plants to a certain extent, if the growth requirement of the plants cannot be met, domestic sludge can be added into the desert soil, so that the content of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the formed planting soil can be greatly improved, the plant nutrient content of the mixed soil is increased, and the growth of the plants is facilitated. The plant growth survival rate can be improved by planting plants on the land to be restored covered with the improved planting soil.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The background technology partially improves that the ecological environment of a Xinjiang mining area is severe, and the vegetation restoration faces salinization of soil, hardening and nutrient shortage; the environment is extremely drought, extremely high temperature, sand storm and the like, and plants are difficult to survive and vegetation is difficult to repair. For example, in a coal mine area in Hami, a typical continental climate, the annual average temperature is 9.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 43 ℃, the extreme surface temperature is 65 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is-32 ℃; annual precipitation amount is 33.8mm, annual evaporation amount is 3300mm, annual average sunshine is 3358 hours, and frost-free period is 182 days. The strong wind and sand storm occurs frequently, and the instantaneous wind power can reach 11 levels. The ecological environment of the area is severe, and the grass cannot grow. In order to improve the condition that vegetation is difficult to recover in coal mine areas similar to arid areas, the inventor of the application provides a method suitable for improving the vegetation recovery in the areas under the conditions of combining the climate characteristics of the areas, the existing resources and waste utilization of the coal mine areas and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, a method of vegetation restoration in a coal mine area of an arid region comprises: according to the weight ratio of 50-100: mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain planting soil; placing planting soil on the land of the area to be restored to obtain the area to be planted; and planting plants in the area to be planted.

In the step of preparing the planting soil, the inherent resource desert soil of the coal mine area can meet the growth needs of plants to a certain extent, if the growth needs of the plants cannot be met, domestic sludge can be added into the desert soil, and the formed planting soil can greatly improve the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient elements, increase the plant nutrient content of the mixed soil and is beneficial to the growth of the plants. The plant growth survival rate can be improved by planting plants on the land to be restored covered with the improved planting soil.

The nutrient content of the desert soil is relatively low, and soil hardening is easily caused. The fly ash has the function of resisting soil hardening, so that the hardening resistance of soil can be improved by adding a proper amount of anti-hardening agent on the basis of the planting soil.

In a preferred embodiment, the anti-caking agent is fly ash, and the desert soil, the fly ash and the domestic sludge are mixed according to the weight ratio of 50-100: 5-25: and (3) mixing and preparing 0-2 weight ratio to obtain the planting soil.

In the preferred embodiment, the fly ash is used as the anti-hardening agent, so that the permeability and the water retention of the planting soil can be increased, and the soil hardening degree can be reduced. Or simultaneously mixing the fertilizer with domestic sludge according to the proportion, the content of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the planting soil can be improved, and the nutrition required by plant growth is met, so that the plant growth is facilitated.

The mode of placing the planting soil on the land of the area to be restored can be reasonably selected according to the actual terrain, and the condition that the planting soil is used for plant growth can be met. In a preferred embodiment, the planting soil is placed on the land of the area to be restored by one of the following methods: (1) directly covering the planting soil on the exposed land surface of the area to be restored, wherein the covering thickness is preferably 10-50 cm; (2) and digging a pit to bury the planting soil, wherein the thickness of the buried planting soil is preferably greater than or equal to the depth of the pit.

And selecting proper plants for planting according to the geographical characteristics and the climatic characteristics of the coal mine area in the arid area. In a preferred embodiment, drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant desert plants are planted in the area to be planted; preferably, the drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant desert plant is selected from any one or more of the following plants: (1) monocot plants: sudan grass, Elymus, bromus formosanus, Festuca arundinacea, agropyron cristatum, and Commelina communis; (2) dicotyledonous plant: sweet clover, red bean grass and alfalfa.

In order to further satisfy the water requirement for plant growth, in a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the step of watering the plant after the plant is planted in the area to be planted. In areas with certain precipitation, rainfall and snowfall are utilized to meet the requirement of moisture of plants; secondly, in the area with insufficient precipitation, the water supply irrigation mode can be adopted by spraying or paving an underground infiltrating irrigation pipeline. When an irrigation mode of supplying water through an underground infiltrating irrigation pipeline is adopted, Polyethylene (PVC) is preferably selected as a pipeline material, the inner diameter of a main pipeline is generally 25-38 cm, the inner diameter of branch pipes is 10-15 cm, and the laying depth is recommended to be 20-25 cm, so that the planting soil can be subjected to sufficient infiltrating irrigation conveniently. Particularly in the regions with desert soil and poor plant nutrition, domestic sewage is preferably used as irrigation water to supplement soil nutrients.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the area to be restored is an area with rainfall of 100-200 mm, and plants are irrigated by adopting rainfall and snowfall; the area to be restored is an area with rainfall of 30-100 mm, and irrigation is carried out by adopting a mode of spraying or paving an underground infiltrating irrigation pipeline for supplying water; preferably, domestic sewage is used as a water source for irrigation.

In order to further effectively solve the problem of 'sunburn' of plants caused by overhigh ground surface temperature due to high sunlight intensity and lasting time and simultaneously prevent the problems of soil erosion and damage to the plants caused by strong wind, in a preferred embodiment, after the plants are planted in the area to be planted, the method further comprises the following steps: covering a water-retaining layer on the surface of the planting soil; preferably, the surface of the planting soil is covered with the burnt stone to prevent high-temperature water loss; more preferably, the particle size of the burnt stone is 8-20 cm; more preferably, the covering area of the burnt stone on the surface of the planting soil is 50 to 80 percent; more preferably, the burnt stone has irregular edges and corners, and is laid with an acute angle with the ground, and forms a shadow under the sun, so that the plant seeds are scattered under the shadow in the stone cracks.

After the treatment of covering the burnt rocks on the soil surface of the planting soil, the water evaporation capacity of the soil surface can be effectively reduced, the water loss rate of the soil and the surface temperature of the soil are reduced, so that the problem that the plants are burned due to overhigh surface temperature caused by high sunshine intensity and lasting time is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the soil erosion and the damage to the plants due to strong wind can be prevented.

For the planting mode of the planted plants, a proper planting mode can be selected according to the characteristics of different plants. In a preferred embodiment, the plants (such as the drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant desert plants) are planted in the area to be planted by means of broadcasting or drilling. Directly adopts a broadcasting or drilling mode to plant vegetation such as grass seeds and the like in a mining area to be restored so as to restore the local ecological environment, and is simple and convenient.

The sowing and planting can be carried out in spring or autumn according to different regions and different climatic environments. In a preferred embodiment, the area to be recovered is an area with accumulated snow in winter, and plants are planted in the area to be planted in a autumn sowing manner; or the area to be recovered is an area without accumulated snow in winter, and plants are planted in the area to be planted in a spring sowing mode. In a coal mine area with a snow accumulation period of 1-3 months in winter, sowing in autumn is suitable, and sowing is carried out before snowfall comes; in the area without accumulated snow, the method is suitable for spring sowing, and the seeds are watered by spray irrigation or underground infiltrating irrigation after sowing, so that the germination and growth of the seeds are promoted.

The advantageous effects of the present application will be further described with reference to specific examples.

Comparative example 1

A certain coal mining area in Hami belongs to a typical continental climate, and the annual average temperature is 9.8 ℃, the extreme highest temperature is 43 ℃, the extreme surface temperature is 65 ℃, and the extreme lowest temperature is-32 ℃; annual precipitation amount is 33.8mm, annual evaporation amount is 3300mm, annual average sunshine is 3358 hours, and frost-free period is 182 days. The strong wind and sand storm occurs frequently, and the instantaneous wind power can reach 11 levels. The grass is not grown and is not covered by vegetation.

Example 1

A certain coal mining area in Hami belongs to a typical continental climate, and the annual average temperature is 9.8 ℃, the extreme highest temperature is 43 ℃, the extreme surface temperature is 65 ℃, and the extreme lowest temperature is-32 ℃; annual precipitation amount is 33.8mm, annual evaporation amount is 3300mm, annual average sunshine is 3358 hours, and frost-free period is 182 days. The strong wind and sand storm occurs frequently, and the instantaneous wind power can reach 11 levels.

According to the understanding of the composition of the soil profile of the mining area, salt shells appear on soil layers of about 30cm, so that the embodiment mainly aims at improving the soil layers of 0-30 cm and digging out the soil layers of 0-30 cm on the surface.

In this embodiment, desert soil is used as a reference, and three treatment methods are set: 9 plants are planted in the desert and the fly ash, the desert soil and the sludge, and the desert soil and the fly ash and the sludge.

(1) Preparing planting soil for planting in a mining area: the raw materials are obtained from local sources,

the first processing mode is as follows: the desert soil and the fly ash are respectively mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 25. 100, and (2) a step of: 10. 100, and (2) a step of: 5, uniformly mixing in proportion;

the second treatment method comprises the following steps: the desert and the sludge are respectively mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 2. 100, and (2) a step of: 1, uniformly mixing in proportion;

the third treatment method comprises the following steps: the desert soil, the fly ash and the domestic sludge are respectively mixed according to the proportion of 100: 20: 2. 100, and (2) a step of: 10: 1 proportion and mixing evenly.

(2) The use method of the planting soil comprises the following steps: and backfilling the uniformly mixed planting soil to the original position, and leveling the soil surface.

(3) Water supply irrigation mode: adopts a spraying irrigation mode. Domestic sewage is preferably used as irrigation water to supplement soil nutrients.

(4) Selection of plant species: selecting 9 plants mainly comprising drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant plants, wherein the monocotyledon plants comprise: sudan grass, Elymus, bromus formosanus, Festuca arundinacea, agropyron cristatum, and Commelina communis; dicotyledonous plant: sweet clover, red bean grass and alfalfa.

(5) The sowing mode of the plants is as follows: sowing in spring, namely sowing the plant seeds in a sowing area in a drill way.

(6) After sowing, watering for the first time should be conducted thoroughly to promote seed germination. Irrigating 3-4 times per month.

The emergence rate and plant height of each plant under the three treatments are shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1

The fly ash is used as an anti-hardening agent, can reduce the soil hardening degree and improve the rate of emergence. The addition of the sludge can improve the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil and is beneficial to plant growth. As can be seen from Table 1, the rate of emergence and the plant height of the treatment with the fly ash and the sludge are overall better than those of the desert soil without any addition treatment. The mixed emergence rate of 100:10 in the treatment of adding fly ash is better overall. The plant height in the treatment of adding sludge at 100:2 is better than that in the treatment of adding sludge at 100: 1. In the combination of the desert soil, the fly ash and the sludge in the example 1, the overall rate of emergence and the plant height are better.

Example 2

In this example, a hami mine area was used in the same place as in example 1, and 9 plants were planted in each treatment group after stone-covering treatment was performed based on the ratio of each treatment group in example 1.

(3) Covering a smooth planting soil surface with a burnt stone with the diameter of 8-15 cm; the single-layer covering of the burnt stone is not overlapped, and the covering area is 80 percent; the burnt stone has irregular edges and corners, and has an acute angle with the ground when being laid, so that a larger shadow is formed in the sun. Seeds were sown in the seams under the shadow.

(4) Water supply irrigation mode: adopts a spraying irrigation mode. Domestic sewage is preferably used as irrigation water to supplement soil nutrients.

(5) Selection of plant species: selecting 9 plants mainly comprising drought-resistant and saline-alkali-resistant plants, wherein the monocotyledon plants comprise: sudan grass, Elymus, bromus formosanus, Festuca arundinacea, agropyron cristatum, and Commelina communis; dicotyledonous plant: sweet clover, red bean grass and alfalfa.

(6) The sowing mode of the plants is as follows: sowing in spring, and sowing the plant seeds in a sowing area.

(7) After sowing, watering for the first time should be conducted thoroughly to promote seed germination. Irrigating 3-4 times per month.

The emergence rate and plant height of each plant under the three treatments are shown in table 2 below:

TABLE 2

As can be seen from table 2, the data of example 2 is overall better than the data of example 1 by stone coating for each treatment. The soil surface is covered with stones, so that the roots of plants are effectively protected, and the phenomenon of sunscald is avoided; because the stone covering treatment effectively reduces the water evaporation, more water is conserved for the growth of plants, and the irrigation frequency can be reduced. The plant seeds and roots are positioned in the stone cracks, so that the damage of sand storm is effectively resisted.

Comparative example 2

A certain mining area in the Wucaiwan belongs to a moderate temperate zone continental arid climate, and has a short time in spring and autumn, a long time in winter and summer and a large day-night temperature difference. The average annual temperature is 7.3 ℃, the average annual precipitation is 194mm, the average annual sunshine is 2775 hours, and the frost-free period is 105-168 days. The average temperature of the warmest seven and August months is 25.7 ℃, and the average temperature of the coldest January month is-15.2 ℃. The extreme high temperature in summer can reach more than 40 ℃. The extremely low temperature in winter can reach below-40 ℃. The grass is not grown and is not covered by vegetation.

Example 3

A certain mining area in the Wucaiwan belongs to a moderate temperate zone continental arid climate, and has a short time in spring and autumn, a long time in winter and summer and a large day-night temperature difference. The average annual temperature is 7.3 ℃, the average annual precipitation is 194mm, the average annual sunshine is 2775 hours, and the frost-free period is 105-168 days. The average temperature of the warmest seven and August months is 25.7 ℃, and the average temperature of the coldest January month is-15.2 ℃. The extreme high temperature in summer can reach more than 40 ℃. The extremely low temperature in winter can reach below-40 ℃.

In the embodiment, desert soil is used as a reference, and three treatment modes are set as (I) desert and fly ash; (II) desert soil and sludge; and (III) planting 9 plants in the desert soil, the fly ash and the sludge at each treatment group.

(5) The sowing mode of the plants is as follows: sowing the 9 plant seeds before snowfall in autumn, and drilling in a sowing area. In the beginning of spring in the next year, snow melting is utilized to guarantee seed germination and seedling growth.

(6) After sowing, watering for the first time should be conducted thoroughly to promote seed germination. Irrigating for 0-2 times per month later.

The emergence rate and plant height of each plant under the three treatments are shown in table 3 below:

TABLE 3

Example 3, because the annual average precipitation in the area reaches 194mm, the melted snow can be used as water for seed germination before sowing in autumn, and the overall irrigation times are lower than those in examples 1 and 2. As can be seen from Table 3, the rate of emergence and the plant height of the treatment with fly ash and sludge added were overall superior to those of the desert without any treatment added. The mixed emergence rate of 100:10 in the treatment of adding fly ash is better overall. The plant height in the treatment of adding sludge at 100:2 is better than that in the treatment of adding sludge at 100: 1. In the combination of the desert soil, the fly ash and the sludge in the example 3, the overall rate of emergence and the plant height are better.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

(1) the method directly adopts the mixing of the coal ash which is the waste of the mining area and the local desert soil, and the grass seeds are sowed to restore the ecological environment of the mining area, so that the waste is utilized nearby in the emission source, the investment of the waste in the processes of storage, transportation and the like can be saved, the pollution to the environment caused by the waste can be reduced, and the problem that the coal ash occupies the soil is solved.

(2) The desert soil and the fly ash in the coal mine area are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the permeability and the water retention performance of the mixed soil can be effectively improved.

(3) The plant nutrient content of the mixed soil can be increased by matching with the utilization of the domestic sludge. The fly ash has low nutrient content, is still not enough to meet the plant growth requirement when being mixed with desert soil, and if the fly ash is added with domestic sludge, the content of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be greatly improved, thus being beneficial to plant growth.

(4) The condition of hardening after mixed soil irrigation can be effectively improved by matching with certain fly ash.

(5) After the mixed soil is treated by covering the surface with the burnt stone, the water loss rate of the soil and the surface temperature of the ground can be obviously reduced. The burnt rock is covered on the surface of the soil, so that the surface temperature of the soil can be effectively reduced, the evaporation capacity of water on the surface of the soil can be reduced, the problem that the plants are sunburned due to overhigh surface temperature caused by high sunlight intensity and lasting time is effectively solved, more water is reserved for the growth of the plants, and the irrigation frequency and the cost are reduced; the plant seeds and roots are positioned in the stone cracks, so that the damage of sand storm is effectively resisted.

The method is simple and convenient to operate, raw materials such as the fly ash, the domestic sludge, the desert soil and the burnt rocks can be used on the spot, and the cost can be effectively reduced.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering vegetation in a coal mine area in an arid region, comprising:

according to the weight ratio of the desert soil, the anti-caking agent and the domestic sludge of 100: 10-20: 1-2 to obtain planting soil, wherein the anti-caking agent is fly ash;

placing the planting soil on the land of the area to be restored to obtain the area to be planted;

planting plants in the area to be planted;

before planting plants in the area to be planted, the method further comprises: the surface of planting soil covers water-retaining layer, water-retaining layer is burnt stone, the diameter of burnt stone is 8-15 cm, the burnt stone is to the coverage area of the surface of planting soil is 80%,

the plants planted in the area to be planted are drought-resistant saline-alkali-resistant desert plants, and the drought-resistant saline-alkali-resistant desert plants are selected from any one or more of the following plants:

(1) monocot plants: sudan grass, Elymus, bromus formosanus, Festuca arundinacea, agropyron cristatum, and Commelina communis;

(2) dicotyledonous plant: placing the planting soil on the land to be restored in one of the following modes:

(1) directly covering the planting soil on the exposed land surface of the area to be restored;

(2) and digging a pit to fill the planting soil.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the planting soil is covered on the bare land surface to a thickness of 10-50 cm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the planting soil in the landfill is equal to or greater than the depth of the pit.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of watering the plant after the plant is planted in the area to be planted.

5. The method of claim 4,

the area to be recovered is an area with annual rainfall of 100-200 mm, and the plants are irrigated by adopting rainfall and snowfall;

and the area to be recovered is an area with annual rainfall of 30-100 mm, and irrigation is carried out by adopting a mode of spraying or paving an underground infiltrating irrigation pipeline for supplying water.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the irrigation is performed using domestic sewage as a water source.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the flint has irregular edges and angles, and wherein the flint is disposed at an acute angle to the ground.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plants are planted in the area to be planted by means of broadcasting or drilling.

9. The method of claim 8,

the area to be recovered is an area with accumulated snow in winter, and the plants are planted in the area to be planted in a autumn sowing mode; or

And the area to be recovered is an area without accumulated snow in winter, and the plants are planted in the area to be planted in a spring sowing mode.