CN102986418B - Spray-seeding base material for southern side slope and preparation method of spray-seeding base material - Google Patents
Spray-seeding base material for southern side slope and preparation method of spray-seeding base material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102986418B CN102986418B CN201210472033.7A CN201210472033A CN102986418B CN 102986418 B CN102986418 B CN 102986418B CN 201210472033 A CN201210472033 A CN 201210472033A CN 102986418 B CN102986418 B CN 102986418B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention provides a spray-seeding base material for a southern side slope. The spray-seeding base material is used for direct spray seeding or spray seeding in a soil dressing way; and the spray-seeding base material comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 3 to 19 parts of a water-retaining agent, 2 to 14 parts of an adhesive, and 10 to 250 parts of a compound fertilizer. The invention also provides a method for preparing the spray-seeding base material. The spray-seeding base material provided by the invention has the advantages that the application range is wide, the resistance to erosion as well as water loss and soil erosion is realized, the vegetation in the side slope can be quickly recovered, the construction is quickly carried out, the high efficiency is gained, and the construction cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertiliser mixtures field, be specially a kind of base material and preparation method thereof of sowing grass seeds by duster for southern side slope.
Background technology
The side slope technology of sowing grass seeds by duster has the features such as construction technology is simple, plantation speed is fast, floor space is effective, applied widely.In recent years, this technology be widely used in airport, sports ground, public lawn level ground afforest and embankment, highway, railway, dam slope protection greening among, the stone pit in some cities, south, multiple green this technology that also starts to attempt using of mining site.Through exploration and practice in many ways in recent years, the side slope technology of sowing grass seeds by duster reaches its maturity.
The condition of plant growth is soil and moisture.And side slope soil nutrient is few, plant establishment, grow very difficult, if on domatic backfill planting matrix, mostly not only steep but also anxious because of side slope, backfill is often difficult to fixing, also can be because rainfall, flowing water etc. are outer thereby washed away loss.South China is short winter, and frost-free season is long, and it is many that the annual growth of plant consumes nutrient.Weather is moistening, rainy, and soil moisture is high, and heavy rain easily comes down in the steeper place of the gradient later.Therefore, southern side slope realizes afforesting and must possess two primary conditions simultaneously; The one, must there is on domatic plant to rely and continue the planting matrix of growth; The 2nd, planting matrix mass-energy be permanently affixed at domatic on.
Its core of the technology of sowing grass seeds by duster is to build one on domatic can allow growth and development of plants and porous rock-steady structure that planting matrix is not washed.It utilizes special-purpose spraying equipment after the mixing such as soil, organic matter, water-keeping material, fertilizer, xylem fibre, adhesive and plant seed, to be ejected in side slope, due to the cementation of adhesive specially, mixture can form the continuous hardenite with hole of one deck at rock surface.Sclerosis to a certain degree makes planting matrix exempt from erosion, and water-keeping material in mixture, nutrient component are applicable to the growth of taking root of plant seed.
But, as the lawn of core technology, sow grass seeds by duster to construct and fill a prescription, still effectively not fill a prescription and construction technology, many units in charge of construction still earnestly grope at technological layer, in the circle circle in consuming time, consumption power, cost source, spin.And the quality of the base material physicochemical character of sowing grass seeds by duster (as water conservation, fertilizer conservation performance etc.) is often determining the quality of green plants growth, and will finally affect view structure effect.
The proportioning of base material of sowing grass seeds by duster is a step of the most basic in alien earth sparging, crux, is also one of Focal point and difficult point in all process steps.In current domestic alien earth sparging engineering practice, aspect matrix, mainly there are two hang-ups, the one, matrix harden (constructing after 1 ~ 2 year) cause plant to continue growth difficulty, coverage rate reduces; The 2nd, matrix is peeled off, is come off.In conjunction with local climate condition and land occupation condition, rationally adjust stability and permeability that proportioning solves matrix.
On the other hand, construction costs is also the problem that must consider in Technique Popularizing.First the popularization of any one technology, must consider its feasibility aspect economic benefit.Host material is one of main cost of alien earth sparging engineering, and the pernicious low price competitive bidding phenomenon in bidding for project, therefore must pay attention to and avoid the use inferior materials and turn out substandard goods phenomenon of constructor in work progress at present, to guarantee the long-term effect of alien earth sparging protection.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of base material and preparation method thereof of sowing grass seeds by duster for southern side slope.
For realizing the object of the invention, concrete technical scheme is:
For the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster of southern side slope, for directly sowing grass seeds by duster or alien earth sparging, it comprises the following materials of weight portion:
Water-loss reducer 3 ~ 19, adhesive 2 ~ 14, composite fertilizer 20 ~ 250.
Wherein, for the base material of directly sowing grass seeds by duster, also comprise coloring agent and paper pulp, preferably, a kind of in the following base material of weight portion:
Spring base material: water-loss reducer 3 ~ 5, adhesive 2 ~ 8, composite fertilizer 250, coloring agent 0.5 ~ 0.6, paper pulp 100 ~ 155;
Summer base material: water-loss reducer 3, adhesive 5, composite fertilizer 200, coloring agent 0.5, paper pulp 100;
Autumn and winter base material: water-loss reducer 8, adhesive 2, composite fertilizer 200, coloring agent 0.5, paper pulp 100.
Wherein, for the base material of alien earth sparging, also comprise grass seeds, soil moved in to improve the original and raw fiber, be preferably a kind of in the following base material of weight portion:
Spring base material: water-loss reducer 17, adhesive 14, composite fertilizer 28, soil moved in to improve the original 100000, raw fiber 8000;
Summer base material: water-loss reducer 4, adhesive 11, composite fertilizer 20, soil moved in to improve the original 120000, raw fiber 10200;
Autumn and winter base material: water-loss reducer 19, adhesive 10, composite fertilizer 10, soil moved in to improve the original 64000, raw fiber 3500.
Wherein said water-loss reducer is superabsorbency resin, comprises polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate and starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing.
Wherein said adhesive is PAMA, PAM A30 for example, PAM-2120.
Wherein, described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and in composite fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 15:5:5.
Wherein, described soil moved in to improve the original be take sand loam soil as main, and the particle diameter of soil is no more than 10mm.
The wherein said base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, also comprises that materials amount is 100-250g/m
2organic matter, described for organic matter peat, sawdust, pig manure obtain by fermentation.
The wherein said base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, also comprises that volume is water and the 13-28g/m of 1 ~ 5 times of other solid material volume
2grass seeds.
Wherein, described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and in composite fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 15:5:5.According to the soil condition of the road both sides of sowing grass seeds by duster, select suitable fertilizer variety and consumption, generally in the lower place of soil organic matter content, can select N, P, K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
Wherein, described soil moved in to improve the original be take sand loam soil as main, and the particle diameter of soil is no more than 10mm.Soil is the material base of the lasting growth of plant, can gather materials on the spot, select the cultivated soil of planting in earth's surface of engineering location periphery, take sand loam soil as main, can keep permeability, plant can grow into level ground as early as possible, soil should be totally without sandstone, weeds etc., keep dry, and sieve and remove coarse granule, particle diameter is no more than 10mm.
The wherein said base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, in the situation that cost allows, also can select materials amount is 100-250g/m
2organic matter, described for organic matter peat, sawdust, pig manure obtain by fermentation.Organic matter is mainly fertility and the permeability that increases soil, for growth and development of plants provides nutrient and root system extending space, select peat, the material such as sawdust and pig manure is formulated through fermenting, it both can improve soil structure, prevent from hardening, can keep permanent fertilizer efficiency again, make the plant can low level management.
A method of preparing the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster of the present invention, is different according to season, selects the proportioning of base material, adds successively in proportion water, composite fertilizer, grass seeds, water-loss reducer, adhesive, after mixing, with spray seeder, sows grass seeds by duster.The thickness of the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster is 10 ~ 15cm.The consumption of water can fully be dissolved as suitable with material.The consumption of water forms even mud with material, and blocking pipeline is not advisable.The volume that adds of water is 1 ~ 5 times of solid material volume.
Wherein, for the preparation of directly sow grass seeds by duster base material time, add after grass seeds and also will add paper pulp, also to add coloring agent after adding adhesive.
Wherein, during for the preparation of the base material of alien earth sparging, also to add successively raw fiber and soil moved in to improve the original after adding adhesive.
Excellent results of the present invention is:
1) widely applicable.Can effectively prevent that avalanche and rubble from dropping, be applicable to be applicable to the rock slope of geology inclement condition;
2) corrosion resistance and anti-water and soil loss.The base material scar cohesiveness of sclerosis is good, have very strong erosion-resisting characteristics, avoids rainwater etc. to cause planting matrix and washes away erosion;
3) slope-protecting vegetation can fast quick-recovery.The base material thickness of nutrient abundance surpasses 10cm, can meet demand of plant growth, and after construction finishes, 60d can cover comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years;
4) speed of application is fast, efficiency is high.Adopt mechanized construction, the spray seeder 2000m that can sow grass seeds by duster for a day
2above, vegetation growth is even, fine and close;
5) construction cost is low.Every construction cost per square meter is lower 60 ~ 100 yuan than common engineering pitched work.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.The base material order of addition of sowing grass seeds by duster in embodiment is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: the addition sequence of material
Base material is used spray seeder to sow grass seeds by duster, and wherein the thickness of the base material of alien earth sparging is to surpass 10cm.
Embodiment 1: the wide favour highway slope protecting grassplot material prescription (summer) of sowing grass seeds by duster
In Table 2.
The wide favour highway slope protecting grassplot of table 2 material prescription (summer) of sowing grass seeds by duster
The employing mechanized construction of sowing grass seeds by duster, the spray seeder 2000m that can sow grass seeds by duster for a day
2above.Vegetation growth is even, fine and close.The present embodiment gained slope-protecting vegetation can fast quick-recovery.Its base material thickness 10 ~ 12cm, can meet demand of plant growth, after the construction of sowing grass seeds by duster finishes, after 60d, covers comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years; The anti-rain erosion of this vegetation and water and soil loss, can play the function of afforesting and beautifying environment for a long time.
Embodiment 2: highway slope protection lawn, Shenzhen material prescription (winter) of sowing grass seeds by duster
In Table 3.
Highway slope protection lawn, the table 3 Shenzhen material prescription (winter) of sowing grass seeds by duster
The employing mechanized construction of sowing grass seeds by duster, one day 2100m that sows grass seeds by duster of a spray seeder
2.Vegetation growth is even, fine and close.Its base material thickness 11 ~ 12cm after the construction of sowing grass seeds by duster finishes, covers after 60d comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years; The anti-rain erosion of this vegetation and water and soil loss, can play the function of afforesting and beautifying environment for a long time.
Embodiment 3: highway slope protection lawn, the Guangzhou material prescription (spring) of sowing grass seeds by duster
In Table 4.
Highway slope protection lawn, the table 4 Guangzhou material prescription (spring) of sowing grass seeds by duster
The employing mechanized construction of sowing grass seeds by duster, one day 2000m that sows grass seeds by duster of a spray seeder
2.Vegetation growth is even, fine and close.Its base material thickness 10 ~ 12cm after the construction of sowing grass seeds by duster finishes, covers after 50d comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years; The anti-rain erosion of this vegetation and water and soil loss, can play the function of afforesting and beautifying environment for a long time.
Embodiment 4: highway slope protection lawn, the Guangzhou material prescription (spring) of sowing grass seeds by duster
In Table 5.
Highway slope protection lawn, table 5 Guangzhou alien earth sparging material prescription (spring)
The present embodiment gained lawn corrosion resistance and anti-water and soil loss, can avoid rainwater etc. to cause planting matrix and wash away erosion; Slope-protecting vegetation can fast quick-recovery.Base material thickness is 10-11cm, can meet demand of plant growth, plants after raw construction finishes, and after 50d, covers comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years.
Embodiment 5: the Guangzhou highway slope protecting grassplot material prescription (summer) of sowing grass seeds by duster
In Table 6.
Table 6 Guangzhou highway slope protecting grassplot alien earth sparging material prescription (summer)
The employing mechanized construction of sowing grass seeds by duster, one day 2000m that sows grass seeds by duster of a spray seeder
2.Vegetation growth is even, fine and close.Its base material thickness 10 ~ 11cm after the construction of sowing grass seeds by duster finishes, covers after 60d comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years; The anti-rain erosion of this vegetation and water and soil loss, can play the function of afforesting and beautifying environment for a long time.
Embodiment 6: Guangzhou highway slope protecting grassplot is sowed grass seeds by duster material prescription (autumn) in Table 7.
Table 7 Guangzhou highway slope protecting grassplot alien earth sparging material prescription (autumn)
The employing mechanized construction of sowing grass seeds by duster, one day 2100m that sows grass seeds by duster of a spray seeder
2.Vegetation growth is even, fine and close.Its base material thickness 11 ~ 12cm after the construction of sowing grass seeds by duster finishes, covers after 60d comprehensively, fills with careless stereo ecological moulding after 2 years; The anti-rain erosion of this vegetation and water and soil loss, can play the function of afforesting and beautifying environment for a long time.
Claims (8)
1. for the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster of southern side slope, for directly sowing grass seeds by duster or alien earth sparging, it is characterized in that a kind of in the following base material that the base material of directly sowing grass seeds by duster is weight portion:
Spring base material: water-loss reducer 3～5, adhesive 2～8, composite fertilizer 250, coloring agent 0.5～0.6, paper pulp 100～155;
Summer base material: water-loss reducer 3, adhesive 5, composite fertilizer 200, coloring agent 0.5, paper pulp 100;
Autumn and winter base material: water-loss reducer 8, adhesive 2, composite fertilizer 200, coloring agent 0.5, paper pulp 100;
The base material of alien earth sparging is a kind of in the following base material of weight portion:
Spring base material: water-loss reducer 17, adhesive 14, composite fertilizer 28, soil moved in to improve the original 100000, raw fiber 8000;
Summer base material: water-loss reducer 4, adhesive 11, composite fertilizer 20, soil moved in to improve the original 120000, raw fiber 10200;
Autumn and winter base material: water-loss reducer 19, adhesive 10, composite fertilizer 10, soil moved in to improve the original 64000, raw fiber 3500;
The preparation method of the described base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, for different according to season, adds composite fertilizer, water-loss reducer, adhesive in proportion successively, after mixing, with spray seeder, sows grass seeds by duster, and the thickness of the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster is 10～15cm.
2. the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and in composite fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 15:5:5.
3. the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described soil moved in to improve the original be take sand loam soil as main, and the particle diameter of soil is no more than 10mm.
4. the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises that weight portion is the organic matter of 100-250, described for organic matter peat, sawdust, pig manure obtain by fermentation.
5. the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises that volume is the water of 1～5 times of other solid material volume and the grass seeds of 13-28 weight portion.
6. a method of preparing the arbitrary described base material of sowing grass seeds by duster of claim 1～5, is characterized in that, different according to season, add successively in proportion composite fertilizer, water-loss reducer, adhesive, after mixing, with spray seeder, sow grass seeds by duster, the thickness of the base material of sowing grass seeds by duster is 10～15cm.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, for the preparation of directly sow grass seeds by duster base material time, add before composite fertilizer and first add water, add successively grass seeds and paper pulp after adding composite fertilizer, also to add coloring agent after adding adhesive.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, during for the preparation of the base material of alien earth sparging, also will add successively raw fiber and soil moved in to improve the original after adding adhesive.
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| CN104045447A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-17 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | Making method of foreign soil spraying matrix |
| CN104782374A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-22 | 中山大学 | Side slope water and soil conservation and ecological restoration technology based on function materials |
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| CN109804861B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | Fiber soil mixed spray-seeding method |
| CN111662721A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-15 | 河南华美生态环境科技股份有限公司 | Soil structure stabilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110651672A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-07 | 北京岩土工程勘察院有限公司 | Spray-seeding repair process for vertical steep vertical face of mountain |
| CN112205273A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-12 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Spray-seeding base material for high and steep slope of bare leaking limestone in laterite area and preparation method thereof |
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