CN109588377B - Silkworm egg hatching method - Google Patents
Silkworm egg hatching method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109588377B CN109588377B CN201811607260.XA CN201811607260A CN109588377B CN 109588377 B CN109588377 B CN 109588377B CN 201811607260 A CN201811607260 A CN 201811607260A CN 109588377 B CN109588377 B CN 109588377B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eggs
- silkworm
- parts
- solution
- hatching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 338
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 240000000011 Artemisia annua Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000001405 Artemisia annua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 claims 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 20
- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000005058 diapause Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYLQUQHYUOPIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxo-Tetradecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CC=O XLYLQUQHYUOPIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBDCOUHKEVYWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoylacetaldehyde Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(=O)CC=O QBDCOUHKEVYWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N artemisinin Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2OC(=O)[C@@H]4C BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004191 artemisinin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101531 artemisinin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008144 egg development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010198 maturation time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000647 trehalose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a silkworm egg hatching method, and particularly relates to the technical field of insect breeding. The method comprises the following steps: a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: disinfecting the silkworm eggs with disinfectant; b. activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: soaking sterilized silkworm egg in 8-12 deg.C activating solution for 15-30 min to obtain activated silkworm egg; c. protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: taking activated eggs, spraying a protective solution at 2-6 ℃ against the activated eggs for 2 times, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 72-120 hours to obtain refrigerated eggs; d. and (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for returning to the temperature, and then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room for hatching for 8-10 hours to obtain the transferred eggs; e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (4) sensitizing the green-turning eggs by using a fluorescent lamp, and hatching to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms with the weight of 700-. The method has the advantages that the silkworm eggs have high hatching rate per day, the hatched silkworms are uniform, the ant bodies are strong, the ant quantity is sufficient, the cultivated silkworms are strong, the survival rate is high, and the obtained silkworm cocoons have high yield and stable quality.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of insect breeding, in particular to a silkworm egg hatching method.
[ background of the invention ]
Silkworm is the larva of silkworm moth, the main source of silk raw material, and plays an important role in human economic life and cultural history. The silkworm breeding and silk taking are great inventions of ancient workers in China, the silkworm career is continuously developed nowadays, the area of a mulberry field is continuously enlarged, and the number of the silkworms bred is continuously increased.
The hatching of silkworm eggs is not only the initial link but also the important link of silkworm breeding, and the hatching rate of silkworm eggs and the health condition of newly-hatched silkworms can directly influence the growth and breeding state of the subsequent breeding of young silkworms and the quality of cocooning and silk production. In order to adapt to the change of natural environment, silkworms have evolved two constitutional characteristics of producing overyear eggs or diapause eggs in a severe environment and producing non-overyear eggs or diapause eggs in a mild environment, the overyear eggs can be immediately hatched after being produced, and the overyear eggs can be activated and hatched after being stimulated under a severe condition, so that the hatching methods of the two types of silkworm eggs are different. At present, the incubation research of silkworm eggs disclosed in the prior art mainly takes overyear eggs as objects, the research of overyear eggs is less, and the research of jointly incubating two kinds of eggs by adopting the same method is lacked. In a patent document with a Chinese patent publication No. CN107711730A, namely a refrigeration hatching method of silkworm eggs, a hydrochloric acid immersion method or a direct hatching method is respectively adopted according to different refrigeration times of diapause eggs, so that flexible hatching can be realized according to production requirements, but hydrochloric acid is strong acid, so that the silkworm eggs are corroded to a certain extent, the hatching is unstable, and the daily hatching rate is low; in the patent document of chinese patent publication No. CN107279075A entitled spring silkworm egg hatching method, diapause silkworm eggs are soaked in a solution for disinfection, then placed at 2-4 ℃ for sealed storage until beginning of spring and taken out, then soaked in a sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and a hydrochloric acid-containing liquid medicine in sequence, and finally deacidified and air-dried for hatching, so as to improve the hatching success rate of silkworm eggs and the survival rate of the silkworm, but the disinfection solution contains hydrogen peroxide, and the liquid medicine contains hydrochloric acid, both of which belong to highly corrosive reagents, and can reduce the physiological activity of silkworm eggs, so that hatching is irregular, the hatching rate per day is low, and the silkworm is weak in constitution and low in survival rate.
Therefore, there is a need for developing a method for hatching silkworm eggs, which allows different types of silkworm eggs to be incubated together, and simultaneously improves the daily hatching rate of silkworm eggs, enhances the uniformity of hatching, and increases the yield and quality stability of silkworm larvae.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of non-uniform silkworm egg hatching method, low hatching rate per day, irregular hatching, weak physique, low yield and unstable quality of the newly-hatched silkworms, the silkworm egg hatching method is provided. The silkworm egg hatching rate per day is high, the obtained silkworms have strong physique, sufficient quantity of the silkworms, the cultivated silkworms are strong, the survival rate is high, and the obtained silkworm cocoons have high yield and stable quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature of the silkworm room to be 14-18 ℃ and the humidity to be 20% -30%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 16-20 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
b. activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 8-12 ℃ and the humidity to 25% -35%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 8-12 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, and taking out the silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120-130 parts of cold boiled water, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 4-6 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of bamboo leaf, 2-4 parts of watermelon peel, 2-3 parts of yoghourt, 1-2 parts of trehalose and 1-2 parts of distiller's yeast;
c. protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a protective solution at 2-6 ℃, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 72-120 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 0-4 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sorbitol, 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1.2-1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8-1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.2-0.4 part of ethyl acetate;
d. and (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 8-16 ℃ and the humidity of 65% -75%, and the temperature return time at 1-2 hours, then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 27-29 ℃ for incubation for 8-10 hours to obtain the transferred egg;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) performing light sensitization on the green-turning eggs for 40-50 minutes by using a fluorescent lamp with illumination intensity of 25-35lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green-turning eggs to be 80-90cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae with the weight of more than 700 mu g.
Preferably, the preparation method of the activating solution in the step b comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank to be 50-60 kPa, setting the fermentation temperature to be 32-34 ℃, fermenting for 50-60 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.1-0.2 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the protective solution in the step c comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 6-10 deg.C, keeping the temperature of 6-10 deg.C, adding cyclodextrin, mixing, adding the above mixed solution, and stirring to obtain the protective solution.
Preferably, the disinfectant in the step a comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3-5 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 2-4 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.3-0.4 part of snake oil, 0.1-0.3 part of eucalyptus oil, 40-50 parts of acetone and 70-80 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 54-60%.
Still further preferably, the preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 25-35 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 30-40 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
Still further preferably, the use method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: spraying the solution with volume of 4-5 ml/piece of silkworm egg.
Still further preferably, the use method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: soaking silkworm egg and silkworm basket in disinfectant for 5-7 min.
Still further preferably, the non-bier eggs are pretreated in step a before sterilization, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature of the hatching chamber at 25-28 ℃ and the humidity at 70% -74%, and placing for 48-72 hours.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the same hatching method to simultaneously hatch the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs, and uses the activating solution to stimulate the silkworm eggs, so that the development speed of the silkworm eggs is increased; then, the silkworm eggs are protected from freezing by using a protective solution, and then are refrigerated at a low temperature, so that the silkworm eggs which grow earlier are slowed or stopped, and meanwhile, the eggs which grow slowly are continuously matured at a low temperature to promote uniform hatching; finally, carrying out incubation and hatching to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms. The silkworm eggs are hatched uniformly, the quantity of the ants is sufficient, and the hatching rate per day is more than 97 percent; the ant body is strong, the weight of the newly-hatched silkworm is more than 700 mug, the cultivated silkworm body is strong and has high survival rate, and the obtained silkworm cocoon has high yield and stable quality.
2. The invention firstly activates the silkworm eggs, then carries out anti-freezing protection and carries out low-temperature refrigeration. The activation before refrigeration can stimulate silkworm eggs, and the activity of various biological enzymes in the silkworm egg development process is regulated to orderly change according to the egg growth rule through superoxide dismutase, catalase and various nutritional ingredients extracted from mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelons in the activation solution, so that the activity of the two key biological enzymes can be enhanced, and the growth and development of the silkworm eggs are promoted. Before refrigeration, the silkworm eggs are protected from freezing by the protective solution, and sorbitol, glycerol and trehalose with ultralow freezing points are adopted, so that the freezing temperature of water in the silkworm eggs can be reduced, silkworm egg cells are protected from being frozen at low temperature, and the three substances are used as energy sources in various organisms, have no toxic or side effect on the cells, and are natural and environment-friendly; when the protective liquid is used, a layer of protective liquid is sprayed on the silkworm eggs, and after the silkworm eggs are dried in the air, a layer of protective liquid is sprayed on the silkworm eggs, so that a protective film with moderate thickness can be formed on the surfaces of the silkworm eggs, and the silkworm eggs can be prevented from freezing and have good air permeability. The silkworm eggs which grow earlier can be slowed down or stopped by cold storage at low temperature after anti-freezing protection, and meanwhile, the eggs which grow slowly can continue to grow and mature at low temperature so as to promote uniform hatching; because most of the nutrients in the preferentially developed silkworm eggs are consumed, the development speed is slowed down or stopped at low temperature, the nutrients in the slowly developed silkworm eggs are accumulated more, and the biological enzyme and various nutrients in the activating solution can still keep the rapid metabolic function, so that the development process of the preferentially developed silkworm eggs is followed up, the synchronization of the development cycles of all the silkworm eggs is realized, the uniformity of hatching is improved, and the hatching rate is over 97 percent per day.
The activation liquid of the invention adopts cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast as fermentation substrates to ferment the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels, so that the cell walls of the four plants are quickly broken, superoxide dismutase, catalase, amino acid, vitamin and trace elements in plant cell bodies are completely extracted, meanwhile, the trehalose can protect the space structure of biological enzyme from being damaged at low temperature, enzyme substances and various nutrient components are ensured to participate in the growth and development of silkworm eggs, the quick growth of the silkworm eggs is promoted, the hatching rate is improved, and the incubated silkworm larvae are strong in physique. Vacuum fermentation is adopted, negative pressure can be utilized to accelerate the rupture of plant cell walls, and biological enzymes and various nutrient substances are extracted to the maximum extent.
The trehalose in the protective solution can protect the three-dimensional structure of protein and the integrity of cell walls, so that the cells can still keep activity at low temperature, and the silkworm eggs are not damaged during refrigeration and can maintain stable physiological activity; the trehalose is included by the cyclodextrin, so that the trehalose forms stable and independent molecular individuals in the protective solution, and the protective effect on protein and cell walls in silkworm eggs is improved; the hydrophobicity of the ethyl acetate is similar to that of the cyclodextrin hollow structure, the ethyl acetate is used as an inclusion wetting agent, the low temperature is kept, the ethyl acetate is prevented from being volatilized rapidly, the trehalose can be wrapped by the cyclodextrin rapidly, and the inclusion rate is increased.
3. The disinfection solution is prepared by extracting flavonoids such as artemisinin and decanoyl acetaldehyde and volatile oil bacteriostatic components from folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and houttuynia cordata and adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil to enhance the bacteriostatic effect, and can effectively protect silkworm eggs and prevent silkworm eggs from suffering from germs and insect pests. The snake oil can exert the advantage of good affinity between the snake oil and the egg shell cells, is beneficial to the fusion of disinfectant components and the egg shells, and has the effects of long-acting sterilization and bacteriostasis. The sterilization method is characterized in that an ethanol water solution is used as a solvent, and the sterilization method adopts a spraying or dipping method for sterilization, so that the sterilization function of ethanol and the strong volatility of the ethanol are utilized, the phenomenon that the silkworm eggs are too wet to obstruct the gas exchange between the inside and the outside of the silkworm eggs can be avoided, and the ethanol can also enhance the permeability of the silkworm egg shells and help the permeation of an activating solution.
4. The invention adds disinfectant, activating solution and protective solution in the incubation process of the silkworm eggs, and carries out refrigeration, so that the silkworm eggs grow nearly mature when reaching the hatching step, and the silkworm eggs can be hatched only in a short time of 8-10 hours, thereby realizing the silkworm egg turning.
5. The invention adopts low temperature and low humidity conditions during disinfection and activation, can maintain the lower development speed of the silkworm eggs, does not create conditions for the growth and development of the silkworm eggs, and avoids the problems that the silkworm eggs which are developed firstly develop too fast at higher temperature, the growth difference between the silkworm eggs which are developed slowly is enlarged, and the synchronization of the development and the one-day hatching rate of the silkworm eggs are influenced.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing silkworm egg-containing rearing tray in rearing room, setting rearing room temperature at 14 deg.C and humidity at 20%, and disinfecting silkworm egg with disinfectant solution at 16 deg.C; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
wherein, the non-biennial eggs are pretreated before disinfection, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature of the hatching chamber at 25 ℃ and the humidity at 70%, and placing for 48 hours.
The disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.3 part of snake oil, 0.1 part of eucalyptus oil, 40 parts of acetone and 70 parts of ethanol water solution; the ethanol water solution has a volume percentage concentration of 54%.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at 60 ℃ for 25 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 30 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
The using method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: spraying the solution with volume of 4 ml/piece of silkworm egg.
b. Activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of a silkworm rearing room to 8 ℃ and the humidity to 25%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 8 ℃ for 15 minutes, and then taking the silkworm eggs out to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of cool boiled water, 8 parts of mulberry leaves, 4 parts of orange peels, 3 parts of bamboo leaves, 2 parts of watermelon peels, 2 parts of yoghourt, 1 part of trehalose and 1 part of distiller's yeast;
the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at 50kPa and the fermentation temperature at 32 ℃, fermenting for 50 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.1 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
c. Protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a protective solution at 2 ℃, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 72 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 4 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of sorbitol, 2 parts of glycerol, 1.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8 part of trehalose and 0.2 part of ethyl acetate;
the preparation method of the protective solution comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 6 ℃, then continuously keeping the temperature of 6 ℃, adding cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the protective solution.
d. And (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 8 ℃ and the humidity at 65%, setting the temperature return time at 1 hour, raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 27 ℃ for incubation, and carrying out incubation for 8 hours to obtain transferred egg;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) carrying out light sensing on the green egg turning by using a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 25lux for 40 minutes, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green egg turning at 80cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae.
Example 2
A silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature and the humidity of the silkworm room at 18 ℃ and 30%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 20 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
wherein, the non-biennial eggs are pretreated before disinfection, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature and the humidity of the hatching chamber at 28 ℃ and 74%, and standing for 72 hours.
The disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 4 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.4 part of snake oil, 0.3 part of eucalyptus oil, 50 parts of acetone and 80 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 60%.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 35 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 40 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
The using method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: spraying the solution with volume of 5 ml/piece of silkworm egg.
b. Activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of a silkworm rearing room to 12 ℃ and the humidity to 35%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 12 ℃ for 30 minutes, and then taking the silkworm eggs out to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 130 parts of cool boiled water, 10 parts of mulberry leaves, 6 parts of orange peels, 5 parts of bamboo leaves, 4 parts of watermelon peels, 3 parts of yoghourt, 2 parts of trehalose and 2 parts of distiller's yeast;
the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at 60kPa and the fermentation temperature at 34 ℃, fermenting for 60 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.2 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
c. Protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a 6 ℃ protective solution, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 120 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 4 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of sorbitol, 4 parts of glycerol, 1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.4 part of ethyl acetate;
the preparation method of the protective solution comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 10 ℃, then continuously keeping the temperature of 10 ℃, adding cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the protective solution.
d. And (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 16 ℃ and the humidity at 75%, setting the temperature return time at 2 hours, raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 29 ℃ for hatching, and hatching for 10 hours to obtain the transferred silkworm eggs;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) sensitizing the green transferred eggs for 50 minutes by using a fluorescent lamp with illumination intensity of 25-35lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green transferred eggs at 90cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae.
Example 3
A silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature of the silkworm room at 15 ℃ and the humidity at 23%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 17 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
wherein, the non-biennial eggs are pretreated before disinfection, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature and the humidity of the hatching chamber at 26 ℃ and 71%, and standing for 54 hours.
The disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3.5 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 2.5 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.32 part of snake oil, 0.15 part of eucalyptus oil, 42 parts of acetone and 72 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 55%.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at 62 ℃ for 27 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 32 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
The using method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: soaking silkworm egg and silkworm basket in disinfectant for 5 min.
b. Activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of a silkworm rearing room to 9 ℃ and the humidity to 28%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 9 ℃ for 18 minutes, and then taking the silkworm eggs out to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 123 parts of cold boiled water, 8.5 parts of mulberry leaf, 4.5 parts of orange peel, 3.5 parts of bamboo leaf, 2.5 parts of watermelon peel, 2.3 parts of yoghourt, 1.2 parts of trehalose and 1.3 parts of distiller's yeast;
the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at 53kPa and the fermentation temperature at 33 ℃, fermenting for 52 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.12 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
c. Protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a protective solution at 3 ℃, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigerating for 108 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 1 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of sorbitol, 2.5 parts of glycerol, 1.3 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.9 part of trehalose and 0.25 part of ethyl acetate;
the preparation method of the protective solution comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 7 ℃, then continuously keeping the temperature of 7 ℃, adding cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the protective solution.
d. And (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 10 ℃, the humidity at 68%, and the temperature return time at 1.2 hours, then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 28 ℃ for hatching, and hatching for 8.5 hours to obtain the transferred silkworm eggs;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) carrying out light sensing on the green-turning eggs for 42 minutes by using a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 27lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green-turning eggs at 83cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae.
Example 4
A silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature of the silkworm room at 17 ℃ and the humidity at 28%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 19 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
wherein, the non-biennial eggs are pretreated before disinfection, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature of the hatching chamber at 27 ℃ and the humidity at 73%, and standing for 66 hours.
The disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 4.5 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 3.5 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.37 part of snake oil, 0.25 part of eucalyptus oil, 48 parts of acetone and 77 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 58%.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at 67 ℃ for 33 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 37 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
The using method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: soaking silkworm egg and silkworm basket in disinfectant for 6 min.
b. Activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of a silkworm rearing room to 11 ℃ and the humidity to 33%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 11 ℃ for 26 minutes, and then taking the silkworm eggs out to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 128 parts of cold boiled water, 9.5 parts of mulberry leaf, 5.5 parts of orange peel, 4.5 parts of bamboo leaf, 3.5 parts of watermelon peel, 2.7 parts of yoghourt, 1.8 parts of trehalose and 1.7 parts of distiller's yeast;
the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at 58kPa and the fermentation temperature at 33 ℃, fermenting for 57 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.18 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
c. Protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying a protective solution at 5 ℃ against the activated eggs, spraying the protective solution for 1 time again after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried in the air, drying the protective solution on the surfaces, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigerating for 108 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 3 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.5 parts of sorbitol, 3.5 parts of glycerol, 1.6 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.3 parts of trehalose and 0.35 part of ethyl acetate;
the preparation method of the protective solution comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 9 ℃, then continuously keeping the temperature of 9 ℃, adding cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the protective solution.
d. And (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for returning temperature, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 14 ℃, the humidity at 73 percent and the returning temperature time at 1.8 hours, then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 28 ℃ for carrying out incubation, and carrying out incubation for 9.5 hours to obtain transferred silkworm eggs;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) carrying out light sensing on the green-turning eggs for 47 minutes by using a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 33lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green-turning eggs at 88cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae.
Example 5
A silkworm egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature of the silkworm room at 16 ℃ and the humidity at 25%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 18 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
wherein, the non-biennial eggs are pretreated before disinfection, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature and the humidity of the hatching chamber at 26 ℃ and 72%, and standing for 60 hours.
The disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 4 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 3 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.35 part of snake oil, 0.2 part of eucalyptus oil, 45 parts of acetone and 75 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 57%.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at 65 ℃ for 30 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 35 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
The using method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: soaking silkworm egg and silkworm basket in disinfectant for 6 min.
b. Activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of a silkworm rearing room to 10 ℃ and the humidity to 30%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 10 ℃ for 22 minutes, and then taking the silkworm eggs out to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 125 parts of cool boiled water, 9 parts of mulberry leaves, 5 parts of orange peels, 4 parts of bamboo leaves, 3 parts of watermelon peels, 2.5 parts of yoghourt, 1.5 parts of trehalose and 1.5 parts of distiller's yeast;
the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank to be 55kPa and the fermentation temperature to be 33 ℃, fermenting for 55 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.15 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
c. Protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a protective solution at 4 ℃, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 96 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 2 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of sorbitol, 3 parts of glycerol, 1.4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.1 parts of trehalose and 0.3 part of ethyl acetate;
the preparation method of the protective solution comprises the following steps: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 8 ℃, then continuously keeping the temperature of 8 ℃, adding cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the protective solution.
d. And (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 12 ℃, the humidity at 70 percent and the temperature return time at 1.5 hours, raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 28 ℃ for hatching, and hatching for 9 hours to obtain the transferred eggs;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) carrying out 45-minute light sensing on the green transferred eggs by using a fluorescent lamp with illumination intensity of 30lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green transferred eggs at 85cm, and hatching to obtain the newly hatched silkworms.
Example 6
The procedure is as in example 5 except that the disinfectant in step a is prepared using water instead of the aqueous ethanol solution.
Example 7
The procedure is as in example 5 except that no snake oil is added to the disinfectant in step a.
Example 8
The same procedure as in example 5 was repeated except that the activation of the eggs in step b was not carried out.
Example 9
The procedure is as in example 5 except that trehalose is not added in step b.
Example 10
The procedure is as in example 5 except that the protecting solution in step c is prepared without wetting with ethyl acetate.
Example 11
The procedure is as in example 5 except that the protecting solution in step c is prepared without adding ethyl acetate for wetting and cyclodextrin for inclusion.
Example 12 comparison of effects
1. Preparation of experimental samples: the same batch of overyear eggs and overyear eggs were selected, and the amount of silkworms bred was counted on 1 silkworm egg basis, and incubated according to the methods of examples 1 to 11, respectively, to obtain test samples 1 to 11.
2. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: respectively counting the daily hatchability and the average weight of the newly-hatched silkworms of the overyear eggs and the overyear eggs in the experimental samples 1-11; meanwhile, feeding the newly-hatched silkworms to four-dormancy five-instar mature silkworms according to a conventional feeding method, randomly extracting 50 silkworm cocoons with overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs of each experimental sample respectively after cocooning, weighing, counting the average weight, and counting the silkworm cocoon yield respectively.
3. Results of the experiment
TABLE 1 evaluation results of Ant and silkworm cocoons
As seen from the results in Table 1, the evaluation results of the experimental samples 1 to 5 are superior to those of the experimental samples 6 to 11.
The water is used as the solvent in the disinfectant in the experimental sample 6, so that the surface water of the silkworm egg shell is excessive, the air permeability is poor, the one-day hatching rate and the weight of the newly-hatched silkworms are affected, and the quality and the yield of the silkworm cocoons are reduced.
The disinfectant of the experimental sample 7 is not added with the snake oil, so that the soaking effect of the disinfectant is poor, the antibacterial effect is reduced, the one-day hatching rate of silkworm eggs and the weight of the newly-hatched silkworms are reduced, and the quality and the yield of the silkworm cocoons are reduced.
The silkworm eggs of the experimental sample 8 omit the activation step, so that the growth and development speed of the silkworm eggs is slowed, the maturation time is late, and the daily hatching rate and the weight of the newly-hatched silkworms are affected, resulting in the reduction of the quality and yield of the silkworm cocoons.
The activation solution of the experimental sample 9 is not added with trehalose, so that the biological enzyme activity structure in the activation solution is lack of protection, the activity is reduced, the one-day hatching rate of silkworm eggs and the weight of the newly-hatched silkworms are reduced, and the quality and the yield of the silkworm cocoons are reduced.
The protective solution of the experimental sample 10 is not added with ethyl acetate for wetting, and the protective solution of the experimental sample 11 is not added with ethyl acetate and cyclodextrin for wetting, so that the protective function of trehalose on protein and cell walls is reduced, and the one-day hatching rate of silkworm eggs, the weight of the ant silkworms, the quality of silkworm cocoons and the yield are reduced.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A silkworm egg hatching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: placing a silkworm basket containing silkworm eggs in a silkworm room, setting the temperature of the silkworm room to be 14-18 ℃ and the humidity to be 20% -30%, and disinfecting the silkworm eggs by using a disinfectant, wherein the temperature of the disinfectant is 16-20 ℃; the silkworm eggs are overyear eggs and non-overyear eggs, and the overyear eggs and the non-overyear eggs are respectively placed on different silkworm rearing trays;
b. activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: adjusting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 8-12 ℃ and the humidity to 25% -35%, then taking the disinfected silkworm eggs, soaking the silkworm eggs in an activating solution at 8-12 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, and taking out the silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs; the activating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120-130 parts of cold boiled water, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 4-6 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of bamboo leaf, 2-4 parts of watermelon peel, 2-3 parts of yoghourt, 1-2 parts of trehalose and 1-2 parts of distiller's yeast;
c. protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: spraying activated eggs with a protective solution at 2-6 ℃, spraying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs for 1 time after the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs is dried, drying the protective solution on the surfaces of the activated eggs, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 72-120 hours, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration house is set to be 0-4 ℃ to obtain refrigerated eggs; the protective solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sorbitol, 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1.2-1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8-1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.2-0.4 part of ethyl acetate;
d. and (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for temperature return, setting the temperature of the silkworm rearing room at 8-16 ℃ and the humidity of 65% -75%, and the temperature return time at 1-2 hours, then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room to 27-29 ℃ for incubation for 8-10 hours to obtain the transferred egg;
e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (3) performing light sensitization on the green-turning eggs for 40-50 minutes by using a fluorescent lamp with illumination intensity of 25-35lux, keeping the distance between the fluorescent lamp and the green-turning eggs to be 80-90cm, and hatching to obtain the silkworm larvae with the weight of more than 700 mu g.
2. A method for hatching silkworm eggs according to claim 1, wherein the activating solution in the step b is prepared by: taking mulberry leaves, orange peels, bamboo leaves and watermelon peels according to the weight part ratio, cleaning and airing, placing the mulberry leaves, the orange peels, the bamboo leaves and the watermelon peels into a vacuum tank, then adding cool boiled water, yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, uniformly stirring, sealing, setting the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank to be 50-60 kPa, setting the fermentation temperature to be 32-34 ℃, fermenting for 50-60 hours to obtain a fermented product, then filtering the fermented product by using a 0.1-0.2 micron filter membrane, and collecting filtrate to obtain an activating solution.
3. A method for hatching silkworm eggs according to claim 1, wherein the protective solution in the step c is prepared by: putting sorbitol into glycerol according to the weight part ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding ethyl acetate into trehalose, stirring and wetting at 6-10 deg.C, keeping the temperature of 6-10 deg.C, adding cyclodextrin, mixing, adding the above mixed solution, and stirring to obtain the protective solution.
4. The method for hatching silkworm eggs according to claim 1, wherein the disinfectant in the step a comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3-5 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 2-4 parts of houttuynia cordata, 0.3-0.4 part of snake oil, 0.1-0.3 part of eucalyptus oil, 40-50 parts of acetone and 70-80 parts of ethanol water solution; the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol water solution is 54-60%.
5. The method for hatching silkworm eggs according to claim 4, wherein the disinfectant solution is prepared by: taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood herb and houttuynia cordata, adding acetone, carrying out reflux extraction at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 25-35 minutes, then filtering, collecting filter residues, adding an ethanol water solution into the filter residues, carrying out microwave extraction for 30-40 minutes, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain an extracting solution; and then adding snake oil and eucalyptus oil into the extracting solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the disinfectant.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein the disinfectant is applied by: spraying the solution with volume of 4-5 ml/piece of silkworm egg.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein the disinfectant is applied by: soaking silkworm egg and silkworm basket in disinfectant for 5-7 min.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the eggs of young silkworm are pretreated before being sterilized in step a, and the pretreatment method comprises: placing the non-biennial eggs in a first hatching chamber, setting the temperature of the hatching chamber at 25-28 ℃ and the humidity at 70% -74%, and placing for 48-72 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811607260.XA CN109588377B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Silkworm egg hatching method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811607260.XA CN109588377B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Silkworm egg hatching method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109588377A CN109588377A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
| CN109588377B true CN109588377B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
Family
ID=65963758
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811607260.XA Active CN109588377B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Silkworm egg hatching method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109588377B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112106738A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-22 | 河南省蚕业科学研究院 | Method for nursing one or two-release autumn tussah to relieve diapause |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1370404A (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2002-09-25 | 张殿明 | Silkworm egg cold storing and hatching and silkworm collecting method |
| CN101915831A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2010-12-15 | 南开大学 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for acid orange II |
| CN102488725A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 天津中新药业集团股份有限公司第六中药厂 | Brain-soothing emulsion for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and preparation method thereof |
| CN104488828A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-08 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing hatching rate of artemia cysts after shelling |
| JP2017085958A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-25 | 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Method for producing genetically modified silkworm |
| CN106719469A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 河池市技术开发中心 | A kind of young silkworm is hastened the hatching of silkworms method |
| CN107347872A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-17 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of artemia shelling egg freezing preserves and the formula and method of hatching |
| CN107517876A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-29 | 广西冠强农业开发有限责任公司 | One kind poultry device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107279075A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-24 | 合肥市聚丰制丝有限责任公司 | A kind of silkworm in spring egg hatching method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-27 CN CN201811607260.XA patent/CN109588377B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1370404A (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2002-09-25 | 张殿明 | Silkworm egg cold storing and hatching and silkworm collecting method |
| CN101915831A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2010-12-15 | 南开大学 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for acid orange II |
| CN102488725A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 天津中新药业集团股份有限公司第六中药厂 | Brain-soothing emulsion for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and preparation method thereof |
| CN104488828A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-08 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing hatching rate of artemia cysts after shelling |
| JP2017085958A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-25 | 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Method for producing genetically modified silkworm |
| CN106719469A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 河池市技术开发中心 | A kind of young silkworm is hastened the hatching of silkworms method |
| CN107347872A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-17 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of artemia shelling egg freezing preserves and the formula and method of hatching |
| CN107517876A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-29 | 广西冠强农业开发有限责任公司 | One kind poultry device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109588377A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101228853B (en) | Artificial feeding and culture transfer of monochamus alternatus hope | |
| CN101491229B (en) | Vitro culturing method of pearl shell mantle tissue and culture medium | |
| CN108770784B (en) | Hatching method for improving hatching rate of goose eggs and innate resistance of goslings | |
| CN109006473A (en) | A kind of Kiwifruit Tissue Culture fast propagating culture medium and method | |
| CN103688865B (en) | Inducing medium and method for improving survival rate of butterfly orchid pedicel | |
| CN102499188B (en) | Agasicles hygrophila experimental population raising method | |
| CN108782449B (en) | Black-bone chicken hatching method | |
| CN110810250B (en) | Method for rapid propagation in tissue culture of date palm | |
| CN109588377B (en) | Silkworm egg hatching method | |
| CN107176863A (en) | A kind of preparation of hickory chick cultivation foreign aid's nutrient source and adding method | |
| CN111567403B (en) | Chitin-containing additive for plant tissue culture, additive-containing culture medium or culture substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109479659A (en) | A kind of cotton seeds cultivating technique for preventing and treating pest and disease damage | |
| CN106386085A (en) | Method for increasing survival rate of tomato cutting seedling growing | |
| CN109588376B (en) | Silkworm egg preservation method | |
| CN109006661A (en) | A kind of hatching method of duck's egg | |
| CN112753658A (en) | Method for indoor breeding trichogramma dendrolimi by utilizing bombyx camphorata eggs | |
| CN112119980A (en) | Low-temperature propagation method for in vitro culture of trichogramma | |
| CN107372371A (en) | Breeding method of aedes albopictus oviposition female mosquito | |
| CN110012835A (en) | A kind of method of wet-land pine tree embryonic callus induction and proliferation | |
| CN100487106C (en) | Chinese caterpillar fungus and producing method | |
| CN110810249B (en) | Culture medium for promoting elongation of oriental blueberry cluster buds as well as preparation method and application of culture medium | |
| WO2006104372A1 (en) | Method, composition and kit for promoting plant growth and improving plant preservation | |
| CN110771486B (en) | Seedling hardening method for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid | |
| CN107637390A (en) | A kind of live body silkworm and the method for the wild cicada fungus of silkworm chrysalis culture | |
| CN108740611B (en) | Artificial feed for dichocrocis punctiferalis larvae, preparation method of artificial feed and dichocrocis punctiferalis breeding method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210830 Address after: 545000 No. 1, Longtan Road, Chang'an Town, Rong'an County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant after: Rong'an Deyuan Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 545000 No. 1 Longtan street, Chang'an Town, Rong'an County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant before: GUANGXI RONG'AN COUNTY JINDING SILK Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |