CN109328703A - A kind of tree peony grafting cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of tree peony grafting cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109328703A CN109328703A CN201811463408.7A CN201811463408A CN109328703A CN 109328703 A CN109328703 A CN 109328703A CN 201811463408 A CN201811463408 A CN 201811463408A CN 109328703 A CN109328703 A CN 109328703A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tree peonies to graft cultural method, and the tree peony grafting cultural method is the following steps are included: (1) prepares stock；(2) scion is selected；(3) it grafts；(4) final-period management.Tree peony of the invention grafts cultural method, and the grafting period is short, and the speed of growth is fast after grafting, high survival rate, and leaf photosynthesis ability is strong, robust growth, and diseases and insect pests resistance improves.Tree peony bloom it is beautiful in colour, appreciation effect improve.The applicable region of tree peony engrafting method of the invention is wide, simple to operate, has great application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tree peony graft technologies.
Background technique
Tree peony (scientific name: Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is Paeoniaceae, Chinese herbaceous peony platymiscium, is perennial fallen leaves
Shrub.Spend it is beautiful in colour, jade laugh at pearl perfume, it is graceful but not showy, it is splendid, be known as the good reputation of " king in spending ".Tree peony property happiness it is warm,
Nice and cool, dry, sun-drenched environment.Sunlight is liked, also resistance to half yin, resists cold, and drought-resistant, resistance to weak base avoids ponding, and To Be Protected from Heat, is afraid of strong
Day direct projection.It is suitable for loose, deep, fertile, topography is high and dry, grows in well-drained neutral sandy loam.Acid or glutinous heavy soil
Undergrowth in earth.Tree peony propagation method has plant division, grafting, sowing etc., but in the majority with plant division and grafting, and type of seeding is chiefly used in
Cultivate new varieties.
Grafting, is one of artificial fecundation method of plant.I.e. the branch or bud of a kind of plant, it is grafted onto another plant
On stem or root, be connected together two parts is made to grow up to a complete plant.Grafting is that have callus using after plant injury
Function carry out.The propagation by grafiting of tree peony is divided into two kinds according to the difference of stock used, and one is wild tree peonies；One is
Use Peony Root.Common tree peony engrafting method mainly has notch grafting, side grafting method and three kinds of bud grafting method.Notch grafting Peony Root makees anvil
Wood is easy grafting because Peony Root softness is without hard-core, root thickness and it is short, nutrient is sufficient, and primary growth is vigorous after taking over a job.Such as use tree peony
Root graft, xylem is harder, and when grafting is relatively difficult, but lasts a long time.Side grafting method is the method that kind of grafting high and changing head is improved the breed,
It is to graft the excellent product at different colors using numerous branches on the raw medicinal peony plant of inferior strain tree peony or 8-10
Kind.First selection kind is excellent, plant is stout and strong, the peony plant without disease pest, the native bud branch that clip is issued by ground, or current year life
Short skill is 5-7 centimetres long, preferably has the brachyplast of 2-3 strong buds to make scion.A petiole is stayed in scion.After choosing scion, connecing
The back side of fringe lower part bud is splayed a knife, is splayed wedgewise at horse ear shape, then in the another side of horse ear shape, is made two sides after grafting can
Angle is connect to the Cambium tissue between xylem and bast, is just easily survived.Before and after tree peony side grafting, except irrigation is not added in rainy season
Outside, the suitable humidity of normal plants should be kept.Bud grafting method is tree peony breeding and culture multi items, and multi-color has in one plant
Efficacious prescriptions method.When bud grafting method is grafted preferably fine day.Its method has lagging method and changes two kinds of bud method.Lagging method is the current year in stock
The notch of one piece of rectangle or peltate is removed on raw branch together with xylem cutting, then the axillary bud of scion is cut together with xylem next
The identical sprout tuber of size, shape in size and stock.So sprout tuber is attached on the notch of stock rapidly by button, is tightened with plastic ties.
Changing bud method is to remove the axillary bud of grafting part on Chinese herbaceous peony stock together with forming layer, retains complete bud embryo on xylem,
Then it is equally peeled, is covered rapidly on the bud embryo of stock with the axillary bud of same method reversal connection fringe, notice that the two should match, finally
It is tightened with plastic ties.Plant after grafting should be poured in time, loosens the soil, apply fertilizer, its healing is promoted.Tree peony graft technology traditional at present is deposited
Low in survival rate, the time-consuming period is long, and the seedling after grafting grows slow, photosynthetic capacity difference problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of tree peonies to graft cultural method.The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of tree peony grafting cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, has 1~2
A full bud, length be 8~10cm, carry out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction be 0.1%~
0.3% potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the potassium permanganate water that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
The mass ratio of solution is 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed one
Scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are cut a mouthful pairing, fit closely together, tightened with the rope made of hemp by knife；
(4) it final-period management: by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, is cultivated in greenhouse 7-8 months
It is placed on outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and is protected daily
Demonstrate,prove illumination in 12 hours and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%.
In some embodiments of the invention, tree peony grafting cultural method the following steps are included:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, has 1~2
A full bud, length be 8~10cm, carry out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction be 0.1%~
0.3% potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the potassium permanganate water that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
The mass ratio of solution is 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed one
Knife smears consolidant to the mouth of cutting of scion, and applying amount is 1.2~2g/cm2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing,
It fits closely together, is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) it final-period management: by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, is cultivated in greenhouse 7-8 months
It is placed on outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and is protected daily
Demonstrate,prove illumination in 12 hours and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%.
In other embodiments of the invention, tree peony graft cultural method the following steps are included:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, has 1~2
A full bud, length be 8~10cm, carry out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction be 0.1%~
0.3% potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the potassium permanganate water that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
The mass ratio of solution is 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed one
Knife smears consolidant to the mouth of cutting of scion, and applying amount is 1.2~2g/cm2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing,
It fits closely together, is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) it final-period management: by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, is cultivated in greenhouse 7-8 months
It is placed on outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and is protected daily
Demonstrate,prove illumination in 12 hours and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%, is started at greenhouse culture the 3rd~5 day, sprays Selenium-rich nutrient solution to Nutrition Soil every two days, every plant every
Secondary sprinkling 25-40mL, until greenhouse culture terminates.
Cultural method is grafted according to tree peony described in any of the above item, the consolidant includes following components in parts by weight:
0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-0.08 parts of sodium hydroxides, 5-10 parts of urea, 0.1-0.4 parts of sodium pyrosulfites, 700-
1200 parts of water.The consolidant the preparation method is as follows: each component is weighed by weight, at 33-38 DEG C, 250-400 revs/min
Stirring 30-50 minutes, is cooled to 25-28 DEG C, obtains consolidant.
Preferably, the consolidant includes following components in parts by weight: 0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-0.08 parts
Sodium hydroxide, 5-10 part urea, 4-7 parts as wax tree stem and bark extract, 0.1-0.4 parts of sodium pyrosulfites, 700-1200 parts of water.Institute
State consolidant the preparation method is as follows: weigh each component, at 33-38 DEG C, 250-400 revs/min stirring 30-50 points by weight
Clock is cooled to 25-28 DEG C, obtains consolidant.
It is further preferred that the consolidant includes following components in parts by weight: 0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-
0.08 part of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of urea, 4-7 parts as wax tree stem and bark extract, 5-10 parts of earth-worm extractive as raw material, 0.1-0.4 parts it is burnt
Sodium sulfite, 700-1200 part water.The consolidant the preparation method is as follows: weigh each component by weight, 33-38 DEG C,
250-400 revs/min stirring 30-50 minutes, be cooled to 25-28 DEG C, obtain consolidant.
Cultural method is grafted according to tree peony described in any of the above item, the Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes the group of following weight parts
Point: 800-1200 parts of water, 0.01-0.03 parts of sodium selenites, 0.2-0.4 parts of boric acid, 0.3-0.6 parts of vitamin As, 0.6-1.0 parts
Sucrose, 0.02-0.04 part zinc gluconate, 1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5-1.0 parts of methionine, 0.3-0.6 parts of ferrous sulfate,
0.2-0.4 parts of broken wall rape pollens.
The Selenium-rich nutrient solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: each raw material is weighed by weight, at 28-30 DEG C, 150-250 revs/min
Clock stir 1-2 hours, then 15-17MPa, 33-36 DEG C homogeneous 8-12 minutes, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C, obtain selenium-rich nutritive
Liquid.
Preferably, the Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of water, 0.01-0.03 parts of Asias
Sodium selenate, 0.2-0.4 part boric acid, 0.3-0.6 parts of vitamin As, 0.6-1.0 portions of sucrose, 0.02-0.04 parts of zinc gluconates, 1-3
Part potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.0 parts of methionine, 0.3-0.6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 parts of broken wall rape pollens, 0.8-1.2
Part rare earth addition；The rare earth addition is lanthanum additive and/or cerium additive.Preferably, the rare earth addition is preferred
For the mixture of lanthanum additive and cerium additive, the mass ratio of the lanthanum additive and cerium additive is (1-3): (1-3).
The Selenium-rich nutrient solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: each raw material is weighed by weight, at 28-30 DEG C, 150-250 revs/min
Clock stir 1-2 hours, then 15-17MPa, 33-36 DEG C homogeneous 8-12 minutes, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C, obtain selenium-rich nutritive
Liquid.
The lanthanum additive the preparation method is as follows: being 3%- by 0.3-0.7g catechol modification of chitosan and mass fraction
5% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:(95-105 in mass ratio) mixing is 150-250 revs/min of stirring in 28-30 DEG C, revolving speed
2.5-3.5 hours, 0.08-0.12g salicylic acid, 48-52g dehydrated alcohol is added, is 150-250 revs/min in 28-30 DEG C, revolving speed
Clock stirs 25-40 minutes, adjusts pH value to 6.4-6.6 with 0.03-0.06mol/L sodium hydroxide, is warming up to 53-57 DEG C, is added
The lanthanum nitrate aqueous solution of 12-16mL, 0.04-0.06mol/L, 53-57 DEG C, 250-350 revs/min stirring 1.5-2.5 hours,
Then be cooled to 0-2 DEG C, 0-2 DEG C standing 24-26 hours, cross 500-800 mesh, filter cake is washed with 18-25g dehydrated alcohol
1-2 times, then 60-70 DEG C vacuum drying 18-26 hours, obtain lanthanum additive.
The cerium additive the preparation method is as follows: being 3%-5% by 0.4-0.6g carboxymethyl chitosan and mass fraction
Glacial acetic acid aqueous solution be in mass ratio 1:(95-105) mixing, 28-30 DEG C, revolving speed be 150-250 revs/min of stirring 2-4
Hour, 0.6-0.8g citric acid, 60-70g dehydrated alcohol is added, is 150-250 revs/min of stirring 25- in 28-30 DEG C, revolving speed
40 minutes, adjust pH value to 6.3-6.5 with 0.03-0.06mol/L sodium hydroxide, be warming up to 58-62 DEG C, be added 55-65mL,
The cerium chloride aqueous solution of 0.012-0.015mol/L, 58-62 DEG C, 250-350 revs/min stirring 4-6 hours, be then cooled to
0-3 DEG C, 0-3 DEG C standing 24-26 hours, cross 500-800 mesh, filter cake is washed 1-2 times with 30-40g dehydrated alcohol, then
65-70 DEG C vacuum drying 20-30 hours, obtain cerium additive.
According to tree peony described in any of the above item graft cultural method, the Nutrition Soil be river sand, plant ash, perlite,
Cow dung is (8-11) in mass ratio: (3-5): (3-5): 1 mixture.
Tree peony of the invention grafts cultural method, cuts mouth using consolidant processing scion, in the culture after grafting, Xiang Ying
It supports soil regular replenishment Selenium-rich nutrient solution and improves the speed of growth, the tree peony grafting cultural method grafting period of the invention is short, after grafting
The speed of growth is fast, high survival rate, and leaf photosynthesis ability is strong, robust growth, and diseases and insect pests resistance improves.Tree peony blooms color
Gorgeous, appreciation effect improves.The applicable region of tree peony engrafting method of the invention is wide, simple to operate, has and greatly promotes
Application value.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can be each preferably to get the present invention in any combination
Embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to quotient
The selection of product specification.
Part material is described below in embodiment:
As wax tree stem skin, sweet-scented osmanthus Ke ash field plant is as wax tree (Classification system: Fraxinus platypoda Oliver)
Stem skin.
Earthworm is commonly called as pheretima also known as earthworm, is the representative animal of Annelida Oligochaeta.Earthworm is used in embodiment
Earthworm is Pheretimatschiliensis (Classification system: Pheretima tschiliensis).
Broken wall rape pollen, is prepared by the following method: by 100g rape (Classification system: Brassica
Campestris) pollen is mixed with 300mL water, is impregnated at 30 DEG C 12 hours, then with refiner with 20000 revs/min of turn
Speed homogenate 3 times, 10 minutes every time, obtains pollen slurries, and it is 5wt% that pollen slurries, which are dried at 50 DEG C to water content, is broken
Wall rape pollen.
Sodium selenite, CAS:10102-18-8.
Hydrocaffeic acid, CAS:1078-61-1.
Cerium chloride, CeCl3。
Lanthanum nitrate, La (NO3)3。
River sand, 70 mesh of partial size.
Perlite, 40 mesh of partial size.
As wax tree stem and bark extract is the preparation method is as follows: by 25g as wax tree stem skin is at 40 DEG C dry 5 described in embodiment
Hour, it crushes, crosses 50 meshes, be in mass ratio by the smashed ethanol water for being 85% with volume fraction as wax tree stem skin
1:10 mixing stirs 4 hours in 35 DEG C, 300 revs/min, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, obtain first-time filtrate and a filter cake, will once filter
Cake is that 1:5 is mixed with the ethanol water that volume fraction is 95% in mass ratio, is stirred 2 hours in 40 DEG C, 450 revs/min, mistake
100 meshes obtain secondary filtrate and secondary filter cake, merge first-time filtrate and secondary filtrate, in 0.04MPa, 40 DEG C, 35 revs/min
Clock condition rotary evaporation is concentrated into the 1/10 of proper mass, and concentrate is 12 hours dry for 30kPa condition in 35 DEG C, vacuum degree,
It obtains as wax tree stem and bark extract.
Earth-worm extractive as raw material described in embodiment the preparation method is as follows: earthworm living is cleaned, be placed in water 24 hours, make earthworm
Earthworm drains intracorporal residue, is then homogenized earthworm with 12000 revs/min of revolving speeds, obtains slurries, and volume is added into slurries and is
The water of slurry volume three times is uniformly mixed, and with 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH to 6.2, is kept the temperature 5 hours at 37 DEG C, is utilized earthworm body
Interior enzyme is hydrolyzed, and obtains hydrolysis slurries, will hydrolyze the ultrafiltration membrance filter that slurries molecular cut off is 30,000 dalton, will
Filtrate freeze-drying, obtains earth-worm extractive as raw material.The conditional parameter of freeze-drying are as follows: pre-freezing temperature is set as -35 DEG C, the pre-freeze time
It is 4 hours.Sublimation temperature is set as 5 DEG C, and resolution temperature is set as 35 DEG C, absolute pressure 15Pa.
Catechol modification of chitosan the preparation method is as follows: 0.7g chitosan is added to 200mL water by (1) in embodiment
In, with 1mo/L hydrochloric acid tune pH to 5, is then stirred 2 hours in 30 DEG C, 200 revs/min, obtain mixed liquor, it is spare；(2) will
0.65g hydrocaffeic acid and 1.5g 1- ethyl-(3- dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride are added in 30mL ethyl alcohol,
It stirs 30 minutes, is then added to the rate of 1ml/min in the mixed liquor of step (1), 28 in 28 DEG C, 300 revs/min
DEG C, 350 revs/min be stirred to react 12h, product dialyses (dialysis bag retention molecular weight 50000Da) for 24 hours with water, and then freezing is dry
It is dry, obtain catechol modification of chitosan.The chitosan used, weight average molecular weight 100000, dynamic viscosity 65mpas take off
Acetyl degree is 90%.The dynamic viscosity test method of chitosan: at 20 DEG C, weighing 1g chitosan, and it is 1% that volume fraction, which is added,
In 100ml glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, stirring is completely dissolved chitosan, with Brookfield LVDV-Ultra type rotary viscosimeter
Meter is tested to obtain.The conditional parameter of freeze-drying are as follows: pre-freezing temperature is set as -35 DEG C, and the pre-freeze time is 4 hours.Distillation
Temperature is set as 5 DEG C, and resolution temperature is set as 35 DEG C, absolute pressure 15Pa.
Carboxymethyl chitosan, degree of substitution 78%, deacetylation 56%.According to the China of Publication No. CN1431229A
Carboxymethyl chitosan is prepared in patent of invention embodiment 1, prepares dividing equally again for the raw materials of chitosan that carboxymethyl chitosan uses
Son amount is 100000, dynamic viscosity 65mpas, deacetylation 90%.The dynamic viscosity test method of chitosan: at 20 DEG C,
1g chitosan is weighed, is added in the 100ml glacial acetic acid aqueous solution that volume fraction is 1%, stirring is completely dissolved chitosan, uses
Brookfield LVDV-Ultra type rotary viscosimeter is tested to obtain.
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tree peony grafting cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.5cm, a length of 15cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.8cm, has 2 full buds,
Length is 9cm, is carried out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: soaks the potassium permanganate solution that scion mass fraction is 0.2%
The mass ratio for the potassium permanganate solution that bubble 20 minutes, scion and mass fraction are 0.2% is 1:10；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed one
Knife smears consolidant, applying amount 1.5g/cm to the mouth of cutting of scion2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing, tightly
It is closely connected to be combined, it is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) final-period management: by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, after being cultivated 7 months in greenhouse
It is placed in outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 70% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and is guaranteed 12 hours daily
Illumination and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~27 DEG C, intensity of illumination 8000lx, big during dark
Temperature of shed is 18~20 DEG C, is periodically watered to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, and holding Nutrition Soil humidity is 48%-50%.Institute
Stating Nutrition Soil is the mixture that river sand, plant ash, perlite, cow dung are 10:5:5:1 in mass ratio.
The consolidant includes following components in parts by weight: 0.05 part of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.05 part of sodium hydroxide, 8 parts of urea,
0.2 part of sodium pyrosulfite, 1000 parts of water.The consolidant the preparation method is as follows: weigh each component by weight, 35 DEG C,
300 revs/min are stirred 40 minutes, are cooled to 25 DEG C, are obtained consolidant.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 2:
Consolidant includes following components in parts by weight: 0.05 part of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.05 part of sodium hydroxide, 8 parts of urea, 5 parts
As wax tree stem and bark extract, 0.2 part of sodium pyrosulfite, 1000 parts of water.The consolidant the preparation method is as follows: claiming by weight
Each component is taken, is stirred 40 minutes in 35 DEG C, 300 revs/min, is cooled to 25 DEG C, obtains consolidant.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 3:
The consolidant includes following components in parts by weight: 0.05 part of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.05 part of sodium hydroxide, 8 parts of urea,
5 parts as wax tree stem and bark extract, 8 parts of earth-worm extractive as raw material, 0.2 part of sodium pyrosulfite, 1000 parts of water.The preparation side of the consolidant
Method is as follows: weighing each component by weight, stirs 40 minutes in 35 DEG C, 300 revs/min, be cooled to 25 DEG C, obtain consolidant.
Embodiment 4
A kind of tree peony grafting cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.5cm, a length of 15cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.8cm, has 2 full buds,
Length is 9cm, is carried out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: soaks the potassium permanganate solution that scion mass fraction is 0.2%
The mass ratio for the potassium permanganate solution that bubble 20 minutes, scion and mass fraction are 0.2% is 1:10；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed one
Knife smears consolidant, applying amount 1.5g/cm to the mouth of cutting of scion2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing, tightly
It is closely connected to be combined, it is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) final-period management: by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, after being cultivated 7 months in greenhouse
It is placed in outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 70% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and is guaranteed 12 hours daily
Illumination and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~27 DEG C, intensity of illumination 8000lx, big during dark
Temperature of shed is 18~20 DEG C, is periodically watered to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, and holding Nutrition Soil humidity is 48%-50%,
Start within greenhouse culture the 3rd day, sprayed Selenium-rich nutrient solution to Nutrition Soil every two days, every plant is sprayed 30mL every time, until greenhouse culture
Terminate.The Nutrition Soil is the mixture that river sand, plant ash, perlite, cow dung are 10:5:5:1 in mass ratio.
The composition and preparation method of the consolidant are same as Example 3.The Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes following weight parts
Component: 1000 parts, 0.02 part sodium selenite of water, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.5 part of vitamin A, 0.8 portion of sucrose, 0.03 part of glucose
Sour zinc, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.8 part of methionine, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of broken wall rape pollen.The Selenium-rich nutrient solution
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weigh each raw material by weight, stir 1 hour in 30 DEG C, 200 revs/min, then 15MPa, 35 DEG C
Matter 10 minutes, 25 DEG C are cooled to, Selenium-rich nutrient solution is obtained.
Embodiment 5
Substantially the same manner as Example 4, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 5:
The Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts, 0.02 part sodium selenite of water, 0.3 part of boric acid,
0.5 part of vitamin A, 0.8 portion of sucrose, 0.03 part of zinc gluconate, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.8 part of methionine, 0.5 part of sulfuric acid Asia
Iron, 0.3 part of broken wall rape pollen, 1 portion of rare earth addition.The Selenium-rich nutrient solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing by weight each
Raw material, 30 DEG C, 200 revs/min stir 1 hour, then 15MPa, 35 DEG C homogeneous 10 minutes, be cooled to 25 DEG C, obtain richness
Selenium nutrient solution；The rare earth addition is the mixture of lanthanum additive and cerium additive, the lanthanum additive and cerium additive
Mass ratio is 1:1.
The lanthanum additive the preparation method is as follows: the ice for being 5% by 0.5g catechol modification of chitosan and mass fraction
Acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:100 mixing in mass ratio, is 200 revs/min in 30 DEG C, revolving speed and stirs 3 hours, 0.1g bigcatkin willow is added
Acid, 50g dehydrated alcohol, are 200 revs/min in 30 DEG C, revolving speed and stir 30 minutes, adjust pH value with 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide
To 6.5,55 DEG C are warming up to, the lanthanum nitrate aqueous solution of 15mL, 0.06mol/L is added, is stirred 2 hours in 55 DEG C, 300 revs/min,
Then it is cooled to 0 DEG C, 24 hours is stood at 0 DEG C, crosses 500 meshes, filter cake is washed 1 time with 20g dehydrated alcohol, then 65
DEG C, vacuum degree be 30kPa condition dry 24 hours, obtain lanthanum additive.
The cerium additive the preparation method is as follows: the glacial acetic acid for being 5% by 0.5g carboxymethyl chitosan and mass fraction
Aqueous solution is 1:100 mixing in mass ratio, is 200 revs/min in 30 DEG C, revolving speed and stirs 3 hours, 0.7g citric acid, 65g is added
Dehydrated alcohol is 200 revs/min in 30 DEG C, revolving speed and stirs 30 minutes, adjusts pH value to 6.4 with 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide,
It is warming up to 60 DEG C, the cerium chloride aqueous solution of 60mL, 0.015mol/L is added, stir 5 hours in 60 DEG C, 300 revs/min, then
Be cooled to 0 DEG C, stand 24 hours at 0 DEG C, cross 500 meshes, filter cake wash 1 time with 35g dehydrated alcohol, then 65 DEG C, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle is that 30kPa condition is 24 hours dry, obtains cerium additive.
Embodiment 6
Substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 6:
The rare earth addition is only lanthanum additive.The preparation method of the lanthanum additive is same as Example 5.
Embodiment 7
Substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 7:
The rare earth addition is only cerium additive.The preparation method of the cerium additive is same as Example 5.
Test case
Phoenix tree peony (Classification system: Paeonia ostii is grafted according to the tree peony grafting cultural method of embodiment 1-7
T.Hong et J.X.Zhang), each embodiment uses 100 stocks, a phoenix tree peony scion is grafted on each stock,
The callus time is grown after statistic procedure (3) grafting.Graft survival rate of the statistics after greenhouse culture 30 days.Testing procedure
(4) chlorophyll content of the phoenix tree peony blade after greenhouse culture 7 months.Test result is shown in Table 1, table 2.
Chlorophyll content test method are as follows: fresh blade is cleaned, blots surface moisture with filter paper, then removes great Ye
It crushed 10 meshes after arteries and veins, take smashed blade 0.05g, be by volume that 2:1 is mixed as molten by acetone and 95% ethyl alcohol
Agent, solvent usage 10mL are extracted 24 hours with above-mentioned solvent at 30 DEG C, and filtering, extracting solution is divided with UV-9100 UV, visible light
Photometer measures OD value OD at 663nm, 645nm, calculates total chlorophyll content, unit mg/gFresh weight。
Table 1: test result table
Table 2: chlorophyll content test result table
| Chlorophyll content (mg/gFresh weight) | |
| Embodiment 4 | 2.55 |
| Embodiment 5 | 3.12 |
| Embodiment 6 | 2.71 |
| Embodiment 7 | 2.85 |
Tree peony grafting cultural method according to the invention grafts tree peony, mouth is cut using consolidant processing scion, after grafting
Culture in, the regular replenishment Selenium-rich nutrient solution into Nutrition Soil improves grafting shoot survival percent, and it is short that mouthful healing time is cut in scion,
Leaf growth speed is fast, and chlorophyll content is high, and photosynthetic capacity is strong, the tree peony robust growth grafted, disease and insect resistance energy
Power is strong.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tree peony grafts cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, satisfies with 1~2
Full bud, length are 8~10cm, are carried out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction are 0.1%~0.3%
Potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the matter for the potassium permanganate solution that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
Amount is than being 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed a knife, will
Scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock cut a mouthful pairing, fit closely together, are tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, 7-8 month postpositions final-period management: are cultivated in greenhouse
In outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and guarantees 12 daily
Hour illumination and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%.
2. a kind of tree peony grafts cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, satisfies with 1~2
Full bud, length are 8~10cm, are carried out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction are 0.1%~0.3%
Potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the matter for the potassium permanganate solution that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
Amount is than being 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed a knife, to
The mouth of cutting of scion smears consolidant, and applying amount is 1.2~2g/cm2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing, closely
It fits together, is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, 7-8 month postpositions final-period management: are cultivated in greenhouse
In outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and guarantees 12 daily
Hour illumination and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%.
3. a kind of tree peony grafts cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare stock: selecting the Chinese herbaceous peony stock that diameter is 1.2~1.8cm, a length of 13~17cm；
(2) select scion: as scion after being sheared using current-year branch, scion diameter is 0.7~1.0cm, satisfies with 1~2
Full bud, length are 8~10cm, are carried out disinfection to scion, sterilization method are as follows: by scion mass fraction are 0.1%~0.3%
Potassium permanganate solution impregnates 15~25 minutes, the matter for the potassium permanganate solution that scion is 0.1%~0.3% with mass fraction
Amount is than being 1:(8-12)；
(3) graft: grafting time scabbles the top of Chinese herbaceous peony stock in early September, a knife of splaying, and scion is splayed a knife, to
The mouth of cutting of scion smears consolidant, and applying amount is 1.2~2g/cm2, scion and Chinese herbaceous peony stock are then cut into a mouthful pairing, closely
It fits together, is tightened with the rope made of hemp；
(4) by the transplantation of seedlings after grafting into the flowerpot equipped with Nutrition Soil, 7-8 month postpositions final-period management: are cultivated in greenhouse
In outside scenery 2~3 years；It is 65%~75% that humidity in greenhouse is controlled during greenhouse culture, and guarantees 12 daily
Hour illumination and 12 hours dark surrounds, illumination period canopy temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 7000~
10000lx, it is dark during canopy temperature be 16~20 DEG C, periodically water to Nutrition Soil during greenhouse culture, keep Nutrition Soil
Humidity is 45%~65%, is started at greenhouse culture the 3rd~5 day, sprays Selenium-rich nutrient solution to Nutrition Soil every two days, every plant every
Secondary sprinkling 25-40mL, until greenhouse culture terminates.
4. tree peony according to claim 2 or 3 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the consolidant includes following heavy
Measure the component of part: 0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-0.08 parts of sodium hydroxides, 5-10 parts of urea, 0.1-0.4 parts of burnt sulfurous
Sour sodium, 700-1200 part water.
5. tree peony according to claim 4 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the consolidant includes following weight parts
Component: 0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-0.08 parts of sodium hydroxides, 5-10 parts of urea, 4-7 parts as wax tree stem skin extract
Object, 0.1-0.4 part sodium pyrosulfite, 700-1200 parts of water.
6. tree peony according to claim 5 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the consolidant includes following weight parts
Component: 0.03-0.1 parts of α-naphthylacetic acids, 0.04-0.08 parts of sodium hydroxides, 5-10 parts of urea, 4-7 parts as wax tree stem skin extract
Object, 5-10 part earth-worm extractive as raw material, 0.1-0.4 parts of sodium pyrosulfites, 700-1200 parts of water.
7. tree peony according to claim 3 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes following heavy
Measure part component: 800-1200 parts of water, 0.01-0.03 parts of sodium selenites, 0.2-0.4 parts of boric acid, 0.3-0.6 parts of vitamin As,
0.6-1.0 portions of sucrose, 0.02-0.04 parts of zinc gluconates, 1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5-1.0 parts of methionine, 0.3-0.6 parts
Ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 parts of broken wall rape pollens.
8. tree peony according to claim 7 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the Selenium-rich nutrient solution includes following heavy
Measure part component: 800-1200 parts of water, 0.01-0.03 parts of sodium selenites, 0.2-0.4 parts of boric acid, 0.3-0.6 parts of vitamin As,
0.6-1.0 portions of sucrose, 0.02-0.04 parts of zinc gluconates, 1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5-1.0 parts of methionine, 0.3-0.6 parts
Ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 parts of broken wall rape pollens, 0.8-1.2 portions of rare earth additions, the rare earth addition are lanthanum additive
And/or cerium additive.
9. tree peony according to claim 8 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the rare earth addition is lanthanum additive
With the mixture of cerium additive, the mass ratio of the lanthanum additive and cerium additive is (1-3): (1-3).
10. tree peony according to any one of claim 1-3 grafts cultural method, which is characterized in that the Nutrition Soil is
River sand, plant ash, perlite, cow dung are (8-11) in mass ratio: (3-5): (3-5): 1 mixture.
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