CN109197206A - A method of shortening mango breeding cycle - Google Patents
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197206A CN109197206A CN201811235376.5A CN201811235376A CN109197206A CN 109197206 A CN109197206 A CN 109197206A CN 201811235376 A CN201811235376 A CN 201811235376A CN 109197206 A CN109197206 A CN 109197206A
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- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 title 1
- 241001093152 Mangifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 18
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108010023832 Florigen Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001261 florigenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 28
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method for shortening mango breeding cycle, belongs to fruit breeding technical field.The present invention selects four seasons honey awns as stock tree, graft hybridization parent, obtain hybrid seed, then it begins sowing in good time and cultivates hybrid seed seedling, using the aging healthy and strong terminal bud of 1 tip of seedling extraction as scion, grafting is in the bearing basal shoot top for the four seasons awns bearing tree that will be bloomed, the florigen for having accumulated and having been formed using its fruit tree of growing up, induction is still in the scion branch of juvenile phase, and grafting twig can yield positive results for 3-5 months after grafting.The present invention carries out passing colored pollination using calliphorid, and rate of yielding positive results is 90% or more.Method of the invention is simple and easy, only needs 10 months or so from seeding and seedling raising to yielding positive results, can preliminary assessment select filial generation, new varieties can be selected in 2-3, substantially reduce the shortening mango crossbreeding time limit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit breeding technical fields, and in particular to a method of shorten mango breeding cycle.
Background technique
Mango is tropical fruit (tree) famous in the world, usually enjoys the good reputation of " king of tropical fruit (tree) ", the deep happiness by people
Love.Mango main producing region one of of the Guangxi because of advantageous geographical conditions and as the country, the Gui Qimang, Tai Nongmang produced,
Jin Huangmang, pale reddish brown awns etc. are well-known throughout the country, are exported to all parts of the country.
The quality of fruit sales volume, a big chunk reason are the quality of fruit variety, and mango is no exception, therefore, training
It educates and finds that mango new varieties play an important role the development of mango planting industry.To obtain high yield, mango is carried out
Breed improvement is imperative.Since mango is the heterozygote of height, sexual hybridization is mainly carried out between kind, but by various
The phenomenon that factor influences, and often the florescence occurs between each kind and does not meet, in addition, mango pollen is small, along with traditional artificial miscellaneous
Friendship technology is immature, therefore the crossbreeding Comparision of mango is difficult, and effect is very low.
Due to undergo a juvenile phase stage in mango seedling tree growth and development process, if not right early period in mango seedling tree
It is handled, and generally requiring could fruiting by 5-7.As it can be seen that being grown to mango seedling tree again etc. by mango hybrid seed
It identifies that the selection of true and false hybrid undoubtedly takes a substantial amount of time and manpower, material resources and financial resources to its fruiting, influences mango hybridization
The process of breeding.Grafting is able to maintain the hereditary capacity of scion, has a wide range of applications in the crossbreeding of fruit tree, traditional transfers
The mode of connecing is to be carried out using longer scion, but this for the fruiting period for shortening mango, effect is unobvious.
Therefore, low for the length of breeding cycle existing for traditional grafting method and the pollination efficiency of mango artificial hybridization at this stage
Under, the problems such as setting percentage is low for pollination, labour cost is high and long period, it is necessary to explore a kind of shortening mango breeding cycle
Method, accelerate mango crossbreeding process.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods for shortening mango breeding cycle, by the way that different mango Hybrids is real
The result that the aging healthy and strong terminal bud of 1 tip of raw seedling extraction is grafted onto the four seasons honey Mang Shu that same will bloom as scion is female
On branch, yields positive results within 3-5 months after grafting not only may be implemented, can also realize and several times a year yield positive results, and yield positive results
Rate is high, realizes the purpose for accelerating the process of mango crossbreeding.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing the raw four seasons awns of 5-8 as stock tree, two parental breed intervals for being intended to hybridization are grafted four
On the three-level major branch of Ji Mang, 3-6 tree is grafted in each cross combination；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, in grafted branch
The heading stage of item to small fruiting period takes 32-40 mesh fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into 7-9 month and fills clean river sand
Hole tray in, cross seed 1-2cm with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long extremely
Field planting is transplanted to when 8-10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing four seasons awns that 5-8 gives birth to as parent, selects the branch of robust growth as a result
Female branch, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 3-6 tree, and each tree grafts 30-
50 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 32-40 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the diameter of the bearing basal shoot is 4-6mm.
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the 10-11 month of current year, transferred with point of a knife from female branch needs
The position connect is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. mango hybridization seedling is cut from terminal bud 3-4cm, obtained tender tip is as scion, by scion main bud base portion
It is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.5cm on one side, then opposite is whittled into the short bevel that length is 0.5-0.7cm, makes scion
Lower end is at flat wedge；10-15min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, is placed into mixed containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate and heteroauxin
It closes in solution and impregnates 3-5min, dried after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1-2cm with width will bind tight at graft union；
4. spraying nutrient solution to stock branch after having grafted, sprayed every 7-10 days 1 time, until graft union organization healing,
Realize normal growth；Insect prevention microbial inoculum is sprayed to whole strain four seasons awns simultaneously；
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the terminal bud is the aging healthy and strong terminal bud for 1 tip that mango hybridizes seedling extraction.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the mass ratio of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and heteroauxin is 1-3:1 in the mixed solution, described
Mixed solution is that the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 10-30mg and heteroauxin are dissolved in obtained in 1L 80-95% ethanol solution.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the nutrient solution be 5-7 parts of ammonium phosphate, 5-7 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate,
0.8-1.5 parts of calcium chloride, 0.5-0.8 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.3-0.5 parts of boric acid are dissolved in obtained in 500-800 parts of water.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the insect prevention microbial inoculum is that 5-7 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 3-5 parts of Te Fuling can
Wet powder and 0.5-1 parts of pesticide synergistic agents are dissolved in obtained in 500-700 parts of water.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, 30-40 days tissues of the film bound at the graft union after grafting are cured completely
It dismantles after conjunction.
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: being 20-30cm digging width at mango trunk 50-60cm, depth is the annular ditch of 30-40cm, is put into
The mixed fertilizer of urea, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, well-rotted farmyard manure composition, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, depending on fruit tree growth feelings
Condition is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while spraying concentration is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2-0.4% to blade face, continuously sprays 2-3
It is secondary, every minor tick 10-12 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the mixed fertilizer is by 10-15 parts of urea, 7-12 parts of potassium chloride, 5-7 parts of peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium, 10-15 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure compositions.
The parental breed of planning crossing of the invention is Jin Huangmang, Tai Nongmang, pale reddish brown awns and Gui Qimang.
Calliphorid of the invention is used containing 80% soybean powder and 20% fish meal captive breeding.
It is above-mentioned methyl α-naphthyl acetate, heteroauxin, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, more
Bacterium spirit wettable powder, Te Fuling wettable powder, pesticide synergistic agent, urea, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, well-rotted farmyard manure, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium can be commercially available from the market, be not required to especially prepare, and the medical fluid that the percentage mentioned refers both to after dilution is dense
Degree.
Compared with prior art, it advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that
(1) 10-11 of the aging healthy and strong terminal bud for 1 tip that method of the invention extracts mango hybridization seedling out in current year
Carry out bud grafting month, grafting twig can yield positive results through 3-5 months, and rate of yielding positive results is 90% or more, is greatly shortened
Mango is yielded positive results the period.
(2) present invention carries out scion breeding using the aging healthy and strong terminal bud of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, not only
The character of seedling can be observed, and since the degree of lignification of terminal bud is low, histocyte is active, and graft union can faster heal,
Survival rate is higher.
(3) present invention assists mango flower pollination hybridization using the calliphorid more than hair itself, in calliphorid flight course, compared to than
Other common flies can be stained with more pollen, can significantly improve the efficiency of mango flower pollination and the setting percentage of pollination.And this
Invention is will to launch in network access canopy near the calliphorid larva for the phase of pupating, and when mango enters full-bloom stage, calliphorid has also just hatched
At realization efficient operation, this can not only shorten pollination time, and greatly improve pollination efficiency.Under double selection, mentioning
Cost of labor is saved while the setting percentage for the efficiency and pollination that high mango flower is pollinated, overcomes current manual's hybridization pollination efficiency
Lowly, the problem of pollination setting percentage is low, labour cost is high and long period.
(4) method of the invention is simple and easy, only needs 10 months or so from seeding and seedling raising to yielding positive results, can be preliminary
Filial generation is selected in evaluation；And four seasons awns perpetual bloom, it may be implemented several times a year to yield positive results, therefore using of the invention
Method can select mango new varieties in 2-3, and more existing mango breeding time at least shortens 2-3, significantly
It shortens and shortens the mango crossbreeding time limit.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail, but is not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 6 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, the bright awns of gold and the interval Tai Nongmang are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 5 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 36 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into August part and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 6 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 5 trees, each tree
Graft 40 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 36 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the October of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1.2-1.5cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；12min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into the naphthalene of 20mg
Acetic acid and 10mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 90% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 4min, dries after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1.5cm with width will bind tight 35 days groups after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after casting off full healing；
4. spraying 6 parts of ammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1.2 parts of calcium chloride, 0.7 to stock branch after having grafted
Part magnesium sulfate and 0.4 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 700 parts of water, spray every 8 days 1 time, until graft union tissue is cured
It closes, realizes normal growth；Simultaneously to whole strain four seasons awns spray 6 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 4 parts of Te Fuling wettable powders and
0.8 part of pesticide synergistic agent is dissolved in insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 600 parts of water；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: apart from mango trunk 55cm at dig width be 25cm, depth for 35cm annular ditch, be put into 12 parts of urea,
The mixed fertilizer that 10 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, depending on fruit tree
Growing state is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.3% continuously sprays 3 to blade face
It is secondary, every minor tick 10 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 3 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 94.4% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 2 years
It educates, has filtered out the hybrid new breed of Jin Huangmang and Tai Nongmang.
Embodiment 2
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 6 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, golden bright awns and pale reddish brown awns interval are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 5 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 35 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into August part and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 6 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 5 trees, each tree
Graft 40 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 35 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the October of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.2cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；13min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into the naphthalene of 18mg
Acetic acid and 12mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 90% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 4min, dries after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1.2cm with width will bind tight 35 days groups after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after casting off full healing；
4. spraying 6.5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 5.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 4.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of chlorination to stock branch after having grafted
Calcium, 0.6 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.4 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 650 parts of water, spray every 9 days 1 time, until graft union
Normal growth is realized in organization healing；Spraying 6.5 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 3.5 parts of Te Fuling to whole strain four seasons awns simultaneously can
Wet powder and 0.9 part of pesticide synergistic agent are dissolved in insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 650 parts of water；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: apart from mango trunk 55cm at dig width be 25cm, depth for 35cm annular ditch, be put into 13 parts of urea,
The mixed fertilizer that 11 parts of potassium chloride, 6.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 14 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, depending on fruit
Tree growing state every putting disposable fertilizer 2-3 month, while spraying concentration for 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to blade face, continuously spray 2
It is secondary, every minor tick 10 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 3 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 93.6% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 2 years
It educates, has filtered out the hybrid new breed of Jin Huangmang and pale reddish brown awns.
Embodiment 3
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 7 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, Tai Nongmang and pale reddish brown awns interval are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 4 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 34 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into July and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 7 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 4 trees, each tree
Graft 45 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 34 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the November of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.3cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；14min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into the naphthalene of 15mg
Acetic acid and 15mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 85% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 5min, dries after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1.8cm with width will bind tight 32 days groups after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after casting off full healing；
4. spraying 6 parts of ammonium phosphate, 6.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 3.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1.3 parts of chlorinations to stock branch after having grafted
Calcium, 0.7 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.5 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 750 parts of water, spray every 8 days 1 time, until graft union
Normal growth is realized in organization healing；Spraying 5.5 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 4.5 parts of Te Fuling to whole strain four seasons awns simultaneously can
Wet powder and 0.7 part of pesticide synergistic agent are dissolved in insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 550 parts of water；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: being 30cm digging width at mango trunk 50cm, depth is the annular ditch of 40cm, is put into 14 parts of urea, 9
The mixed fertilizer that part potassium chloride, 5.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 13 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, depending on fruit tree
Growing state is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.4% continuously sprays 3 to blade face
It is secondary, every minor tick 12 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 4 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 93.2% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 2 years
It educates, has filtered out the hybrid new breed of Tai Nongmang and pale reddish brown awns.
Embodiment 4
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 7 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, the bright awns of gold and seven awns interval of osmanthus are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 4 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 38 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into September part and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 7 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 4 trees, each tree
Graft 35 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 38 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the November of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1.3-1.5cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；11min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into 22.5mg's
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and 7.5mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 85% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 3min, dries in the air after taking-up
It is dry；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 2cm with width will bind tight, 38 days tissues after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after healing completely；
4. spraying 5.5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of calcium chloride, 0.7 to stock branch after having grafted
Part magnesium sulfate and 0.5 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 600 parts of water, spray every 9 days 1 time, until graft union tissue is cured
It closes, realizes normal growth；6 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 3.5 parts of Te Fuling wettable powders are sprayed to whole strain four seasons awns simultaneously
Insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 600 parts of water is dissolved in 0.6 part of pesticide synergistic agent；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: being 25cm digging width at mango trunk 60cm, depth is the annular ditch of 40cm, is put into 11 parts of urea, 8
The mixed fertilizer that part potassium chloride, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 11 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, it is raw depending on fruit tree
Long situation is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.3% is to blade face, continuous spray 3 times,
Every minor tick 11 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 4 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 92.8% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 3 years
It educates, has filtered out the hybrid new breed of Jin Huangmang and Gui Qimang.
Embodiment 5
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 5 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, Tai Nongmang and seven awns interval of osmanthus are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 6 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 32 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into September part and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 5 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 6 trees, each tree
Graft 50 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 32 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the October of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.5cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；15min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into the naphthalene of 5mg
Acetic acid and 5mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 95% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 3min, dries after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 2cm with width will bind tight, 40 days tissues after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after healing completely；
4. spraying 7 parts of ammonium phosphate, 5 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of calcium chloride, 0.8 to stock branch after having grafted
Part magnesium sulfate and 0.5 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 800 parts of water, spray every 7 days 1 time, until graft union tissue is cured
It closes, realizes normal growth；Simultaneously to whole strain four seasons awns spray 7 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 3 parts of Te Fuling wettable powders and
1 part of pesticide synergistic agent is dissolved in insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 700 parts of water；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: apart from mango trunk 60cm at dig width be 30cm, depth for 40cm annular ditch, be put into 15 parts of urea,
The mixed fertilizer that 12 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, depending on fruit tree
Growing state is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.4% continuously sprays 2 to blade face
It is secondary, every minor tick 10 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 5 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 91.7% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 3 years
It educates, has filtered out the hybrid new breed of Tai Nongmang and Gui Qimang.
Embodiment 6
A method of shortening mango breeding cycle, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing 8 years raw four seasons awns as stock tree, pale reddish brown awns and seven awns interval of osmanthus are grafted to the three-level in four seasons awns
On major branch, 3 trees are grafted；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 40 mesh in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is carried out in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig
Pollination after pollination, carries out Routine Management, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) cultivation of seedling: sterile-processed mango hybrid seed is seeded into July and fills clean river sand
In hole tray, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: choosing 8 years raw four seasons awns as parent, selects the diameter of robust growth for 4-6mm branch
Female branch as a result, every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 3 trees, each tree
Graft 30 branches；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 40 mesh insect prevention in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig
Net；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the November of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. by being cut at the aging healthy and strong terminal bud 3-4cm of 1 tip of mango hybridization seedling extraction, obtained tender tip conduct
Scion main bud base portion is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.5cm by scion on one side, then it is 0.5- that opposite, which is whittled into length,
The short bevel of 0.7cm, makes scion lower end at flat wedge；10min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, places into 2.5mg's
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and 7.5mg heteroauxin, which are dissolved in the mixed solution that 80% ethanol solution of 1L obtains, impregnates 5min, dries in the air after taking-up
It is dry；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel is no longer outer
It is exposed to female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1cm with width will bind tight, 30 days tissues after grafting at graft union
It dismantles after healing completely；
4. spraying 5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 7 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.8 part of calcium chloride, 0.5 to stock branch after having grafted
Part magnesium sulfate and 0.3 part of boric acid are dissolved in nutrient solution obtained in 500 parts of water, spray every 10 days 1 time, until graft union tissue is cured
It closes, realizes normal growth；Simultaneously to whole strain four seasons awns spray 5 parts of carbendazol wettable powders, 5 parts of Te Fuling wettable powders and
0.5 part of pesticide synergistic agent is dissolved in insect prevention microbial inoculum obtained in 500 parts of water；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: being 20cm digging width at mango trunk 50cm, depth is the annular ditch of 30cm, is put into 10 parts of urea, 7
The mixed fertilizer that part potassium chloride, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures form, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, it is raw depending on fruit tree
Long situation is every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.2% is to blade face, continuous spray 3 times,
Every minor tick 12 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；It is anti-with conventional method
Control mango pest and disease damage；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net
It pollinates in canopy, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
It is 5 months from the time for being grafted onto result, and has 90.5% to yield positive results in the branch grafted.By training in 3 years
It educates, has filtered out pale reddish brown awns and the hybrid new breed of Gui Qimang.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for shortening mango breeding cycle, which comprises the following steps:
(1) acquisition of filial generation seed:
1. choosing the raw four seasons awns of 5-8 as stock tree, two parental breed intervals for being intended to hybridization are grafted in four seasons awns
Three-level major branch on, 3-6 tree is grafted in each cross combination；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, in grafting twig
Heading stage to small fruiting period takes 32-40 mesh fly net；
2. the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating is put into net canopy and is pollinated in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig,
After pollination, Routine Management is carried out, to obtain the mango hybrid seed of directive breeding；
(2) sterile-processed mango hybrid seed the cultivation of seedling: is seeded into the cave for filling clean river sand in 7-9 month
In disk, seed 1-2cm is crossed with fine sand lid after broadcasting, water of drenching, daily water drenching moisturizing later；When mango hybridization seedling is long to 8-
Field planting is transplanted to when 10cm；
(3) stock selects: the raw four seasons awns of 5-8 is chosen as parent, selects the branch of robust growth mother's branch as a result,
Every is only stayed the 1-2 tip, is trimmed to remaining miscellaneous branch；Each Hybrid grafts 3-6 tree, and each tree grafts 30-50
Branch；Brandreth is built in four seasons awns surrounding with steel pipe, takes 32-40 mesh fly net in heading stage to the small fruiting period of grafting twig；
(4) it grafts:
1. cutting bearing basal shoot from 2-3cm below the tip in the 10-11 month of current year, need to graft from female branch with point of a knife
Position is chosen out by bast from xylem；
2. mango hybridization seedling is cut from terminal bud 3-4cm, obtained tender tip is as scion, by scion main bud base portion one side
It is whittled into the long bevel that a length is 1-1.5cm, then opposite is whittled into the short bevel that length is 0.5-0.7cm, makes scion lower end
At flat wedge；10-15min is impregnated into the scion cut into the water, it is molten to place into the mixing containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate and heteroauxin
3-5min is impregnated in liquid, is dried after taking-up；
3. scion is inserted into the notch of female branch, scion and the cortex of female branch notch is set to match, until long bevel no longer exposes to
Female branch section；After scion is plugged, the film for being 1-2cm with width will bind tight at graft union；
4. spraying nutrient solution to stock branch after having grafted, sprayed every 7-10 days 1 time, until graft union organization healing, is realized
Normal growth；Insect prevention microbial inoculum is sprayed to whole strain four seasons awns simultaneously；
(5) management after grafting, comprising:
1. fertilising: apart from mango trunk 50-60cm at dig width be 20-30cm, depth for 30-40cm annular ditch, be put into urea,
The mixed fertilizer of potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, well-rotted farmyard manure composition, then the soil of one layer of 8-10cm is covered, it is every depending on fruit tree growth situation
Every putting disposable fertilizer the 2-3 month, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that spraying concentration is 0.2-0.4% is to blade face, continuous spray 2-3 times, often
Minor tick 10-12 days；
2. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: paying attention to trimming clear garden, remove sick branch, the sick leaf on four seasons Mang Shu in time；Awns is prevented and treated with conventional method
Fruit disease insect pest；
3. blooming period management: in the flower spike pumping 4-6cm long of grafting twig, the calliphorid larva near the phase of pupating being put into net canopy
It pollinates, after pollination, carries out Routine Management.
2. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that the diameter of the bearing basal shoot
For 4-6mm.
3. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that the terminal bud is mango hybridization
The aging healthy and strong terminal bud of 1 tip of seedling extraction.
4. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that naphthalene second in the mixed solution
The mass ratio of acid and heteroauxin is 1-3:1, and the mixed solution is that the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 10-30mg and heteroauxin are dissolved in 1L
Obtained in 80-95% ethanol solution.
5. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution is 5-7 parts
Ammonium phosphate, 5-7 part potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.8-1.5 parts of calcium chloride, 0.5-0.8 parts of magnesium sulfate and 0.3-0.5 parts of boric acid
It is dissolved in obtained in 500-800 parts of water.
6. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that the insect prevention microbial inoculum is 5-7
Part carbendazol wettable powder, 3-5 parts of Te Fuling wettable powders and 0.5-1 parts of pesticide synergistic agents are dissolved in 500-700 parts of water
It obtains.
7. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that bound at the graft union
Film is dismantled after the 30-40 days tissues healing completely after grafting.
8. the method according to claim 1 for shortening mango breeding cycle, which is characterized in that the mixed fertilizer is by 10-15
Part urea, 7-12 parts of potassium chloride, 5-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-15 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures compositions.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111887092A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Breeding method for two-year-of-one-year-of-breeding of grapes |
| CN113508747A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-19 | 云南农业大学 | Method for inducing robust growth of mango seedling root system |
| CN114097445A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-01 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Mutation method for peach-apricot intergeneric grafting hybrid |
| CN114938752A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-26 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Mango self-rooting stock cultivation method |
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| CN101699970A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Method for shortening the production period of mango |
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| CN114097445A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-01 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Mutation method for peach-apricot intergeneric grafting hybrid |
| CN114097445B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-10-18 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Mutation method for peach-apricot intergeneric grafting hybrid |
| CN114938752A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-26 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Mango self-rooting stock cultivation method |
| CN114938752B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-04-28 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Cultivation method of mango self-root stock |
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