CN109121765A - A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method - Google Patents
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109121765A CN109121765A CN201810755929.3A CN201810755929A CN109121765A CN 109121765 A CN109121765 A CN 109121765A CN 201810755929 A CN201810755929 A CN 201810755929A CN 109121765 A CN109121765 A CN 109121765A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting methods; it includes cuttings acquisition, taking root sterilizes mixed liquor processing, cuttage and covering mulch; it is acquired cuttings in the fall first; it sterilizes mixed liquor processing using taking root cuttings is handled after having adopted; then cuttage is carried out, is covered after cuttage using mulch.Advantages of the present invention: ground fruit seedling old branch cuttage is carried out in the fall; only need one Growing season of spring next year; without additional culture medium; without nursery and sunshade; without acclimatization and transplants, directly progress large-scale planting, period cost before greatly saving; the comprehensive development and utilization time of ground fruit is shortened, summer next year field plant can harvest ripening fruits；Ground fruit seedling crop field large-scale planting is carried out using film-mulching technique, death caused by effectively preventing cuttage seeding due to arid, freeze injury；It can guarantee that cuttage seedling rooting is survived using disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root；Cuttage survival rate reaches 95% or more, and storage rate reaches 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting methods, in particular to are covered using cuttage technique, mulch
Lid technology, autonomous Design take root thimerosal over the ground fruit old branch carry out autumn quick breeding technology method and its application, belong to
The crop field high-yield planting technology field of southern economy plant.
Background technique
Ground fruit (scientific name: Ficus tikoua Bureau) also known as Fructus Fici tikouae, pachyrhizus banyan, digua fig stem and leaf, Entada phaseoloides, Pi
Rake, native melon etc., are the perennial lianas of Moraceae (Moraceae) Ficus (Ficus L.), and complete stool has white emulsion.Stem circle
Cylindricality is slightly flat, and sepia, branch is more, and memorandum is expanded, and takes root successively, and aerial root palpus shape is sought connections in tree above or on stone.Single leaf is mutual
It is raw；Blade heavily fortified point papery, coarse by short seta, oval or obovate elliptic, edge has shallow wave-formed mouth.Hypanthodium is pairs of
Or on the brachyplast of no leaf, convention is in soil, pale red when mature, spherical or oval, diameter 1-2cm；Male flower and goitre
Peanut is in same receptacle of inflorescence, stockless, tapel 2-6, stamen 1-3；Female flower is born in another receptacle of inflorescence, there is a short handle, no perianth,
There is mucous membrane to be coated with ovary.
Ground fruit complete stool whole body is precious: (1) all herbal medicine, especially best with rhizome drug effect, is the nationalitys such as Yi nationality, strong, seedling, Hani
Widely used ethnic drug has clearing heat and promoting diuresis, the effect of convergence and dysentery, removing toxicity for detumescence, is mainly used for dysentery, diarrhea,
Jaundice, oedema, rheumatalgia pain, hemorrhoid hemorrhage, menostasis leukorrhagia, children's indigestion, traumatic injury, nameless sores or boils etc.；(2)
Mellow fruit is edible, soft glutinous succulence, sweet and dilitious, taste fragrance, can directly pick clean edible；(3) fruit plant is resistance to
Arid, resistance to half shady, impoverishment tolerant, is good at climbing, and growing power is strong, can be used for the covering greening of large area open ground, it can also be used to woods
Bottom sheet, which is planted, group planting is arranged in pairs or groups with tall, shrub constitutes compound ecologic structure, forms high, medium and low in picturesque disorder natural solid
Plant Community Landscape.Therefore, ground fruit has high economic development value, realizes that large-scale planting is the primary item of ground fruit comprehensive exploitation
Part.
Chinese patent (authorization 107372107 A of publication No. CN, 103355168 B of CN) is developed based on tissue cultures
The ground fruit rapid propagation method of technology, needs to prepare culture medium using this method, evoked callus, the period is long, and Tissue vaccine
Prolonged acclimatization and transplants are needed to be possible to form planting scale；Chinese patent (authorization 104620827 B of publication No. CN, CN
104604494 B) the ground fruit rapid propagation method based on cuttage technique is developed, this method is both needed in nursery or using nursery
Bag, also needs additionally to build arched shed or shading net, first obtains cuttage seeding, then transplant hardening again, crop cycle is long, and harvest cycle is more
It is long, and investment is more, it is at high cost.In addition, southern various regions peasant carries out ground fruit seedling in rainy season in the spring in annual March to May
Cutting propagation, survival rate there is a problem of following prominent 80% or more: (1) spring cuttage seeding current year survives, and current year is raw
Long season only can be carried out nutrient growth, can not yield positive results；(2) spring cuttage mostly uses eugonic 1 to guarantee to survive
Year vimineous stem section, growth cycle is long, and it is few to sprout branch quantity；(3) spring cuttage seedling next year could grow sufficiently, be formed
Scale, and need 2-3 that could harvest a small amount of fruit, extend the comprehensive development and utilization time limit of ground fruit seedling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method, utilizes ground
Fruit old branch carry out Autumn Cutting, directly carry out field planting in conjunction with mulching planting technique, summer next year field plant can be received
Ripening fruits is obtained, this technology is not necessarily to additional culture medium, is not necessarily to nursery and sunshade, is not necessarily to acclimatization and transplants, directly progress scale
Change plantation, period cost before greatly saving effectively shortens the Growing season of ground fruit seedling, hence it is evident that shortens the comprehensive exploitation year of ground fruit seedling
Limit.
The present invention is realized by following proposal: a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method comprising cuttings acquisition,
Take root sterilize mixed liquor processing, cuttage and covering mulch, be acquired cuttings in the fall first, adopted after using take root sterilize it is mixed
It closes liquid processing to handle cuttings, then carries out cuttage, covered after cuttage using mulch.
The cuttings acquisition is to acquire old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, and cutting length is 3-5cm, is at least protected
Stay 1 section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, upper clip is above the section at 0.5-1cm, and lower clip is under internode
Side is at 0.5-1cm of top of second section.
The ingredient for taking root disinfectant mixed liquor is addition methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 500-600mg, Yin in every 1000 ml water
Indolylbutyric acid (IBA) 300-400mg, 80% spray gram wettable powder 2000-3000mg, 70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable powder 600-
700mg。
Insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings during the cuttage.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method comprising following steps: 1) crop field selects, and 2) site preparation and fertilization,
3) ridging, 4) cuttings acquisition, 5) taking root sterilizes mixed liquor processing, and 6) punching of ridge face, 7) cuttage, 8) covering mulch, 9) it irrigates,
10) fill the gaps with seedlings, 11) managed after cuttage, 12) field management.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method comprising following steps:
1) crop field selects；
2) site preparation and fertilization；
3) ridging；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, cutting length is 3-5cm, at least retains 1
Section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, for upper clip above the section at 0.5-1cm, lower clip is close below internode
At 0.5-1cm of top of second section；
5) it takes root and sterilizes mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root, sprinkling uniformly, makes every
A cuttings all touches spraying；
6) ridge face is punched；
7) cuttage；Cuttings is inserted directly into the hole accomplished fluently in the punching of step 6) ridge face, insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings；
8) it covers mulch: selecting white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge, it is tight that edge buries soil pressure, and mulch depth of placing into the soil is 5- at the angle of ridge
10cm；
9) it irrigates；
10) it fills the gaps with seedlings；
11) it is managed after cuttage；
12) field management.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method comprising following steps:
1) crop field selects: selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam does nursery；
2) site preparation and fertilization: applying fertilizer to the crop field of step 1) selection, and deep plough, and deep plough 30cm or more；
3) ridging: the crop field Da Long that step 2 is handled well, row spacing degree and height are respectively 50cm and 30cm, wide 50 cm of furrow；
Ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, are arc at the top of ridge；Meanwhile it being dried；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, cutting length is 3-5cm, at least retains 1
Section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, for upper clip above the section at 0.5-1cm, lower clip is close below internode
At 0.5-1cm of top of second section；
5) take root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with the sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor that will take root, sprinkling uniformly, and
Tool turning is used in time, touches each cuttings spraying；
6) ridge face is punched: the hole for cuttings insertion is beaten on earth ridge with cuttage device；
7) cuttage: being inserted directly into hole for cuttings, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, after all having inserted, is covered with loosening the soil, and water；
8) it covers mulch: selecting white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge, mulch places into the soil depth as 5-10cm at the angle of ridge；
9) it irrigates: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, being carried out irrigation 2-3 times by furrow；
10) fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, fills the gaps with seedlings the scion not survived；
11) it is managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch center
Firming；
12) field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method comprising following steps:
1) crop field selects: selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam does nursery；
2) it site preparation and fertilization: applies fertilizer to the crop field of step 1) selection, it is multiple to apply decomposed farmyard manure 500kg and three elements per acre
100 kg of Hefei, and deep plough, deep plough 30cm or more；
3) ridging: the crop field Da Long that step 2 is handled well, row spacing degree and height are respectively 50cm and 30cm, wide 50 cm of furrow；
After ridging, compacting earth ridge is modified with spade, the width of earth ridge and height is made to meet the requirements；Ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, ridge top
Portion is arc；Meanwhile being dried, the time is at least one week；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, wipes out all blades and current year raw sprout, the branch of harvesting shift in time
To shady place, sufficient moisture is sprayed；It carrying out cutting fringe in the cool, cutting length is 3-5 cm depending on the panel length of old branch,
At least retain 1 section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, above the section at 0.5-1 cm, lower clip exists upper clip
Below internode at 0.5-1 cm of top of second section；The cuttings heap sheared sprays water in time to shady place, prevents from being dehydrated
It is dry；
5) take root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with the sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor that will take root, sprinkling uniformly, and
Tool turning is used in time, touches each cuttings spraying, and the ingredient for disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root is added in every 1000 ml water
Enter methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 500-600mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 300-400mg, 80% and spray gram wettable powder 2000-3000mg,
70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable powder 600-700mg；
6) ridge face is punched: the hole for cuttings insertion is beaten on earth ridge with cuttage device, 10 cm of pitch of holes, 5 cm of hole depth, every ridge makes a call to 2
Round；
7) cuttage: being inserted directly into hole for cuttings, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, after all having inserted, with covering of loosening the soil, and with spending
Spill watering；
8) cover mulch: selecting width is the white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge of 100 cm, and mulch depth of placing into the soil is at the angle of ridge
5-10cm ；
9) it irrigates: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, being carried out irrigation 2-3 times by furrow, keep furrow wet but not ponding；
10) fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, fills the gaps with seedlings the scion not survived；It fills the gaps with seedlings
Step is scratched a hole on mulch, extracts withered cuttings, after the new cuttings of interpolation, is covered mulch broken hole with soil, is pressed tight compacting；
11) it is managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch center
Firming presses the mound of a 1kg every half meter；
12) field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch, and carries out weeding and irrigation.
The invention has the benefit that
1, a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method of the invention utilizes cuttage technique, has fast implemented a large amount of of ground fruit seedling
Breeding, quantitatively provides guarantee for crop field large-scale planting；Optionally fruit old branch do cuttings, and resistance, sprouting item is more, and one
It, can further expansion field planting scale after a Growing season；
2, a kind of ground of the invention fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method carries out ground fruit seedling old branch cuttage in the fall, it is only necessary to spring next year
Season one Growing season, old branch section portion just can blossom and bear fruit in summer, shorten the comprehensive development and utilization time of ground fruit, summer next year
Field plant can harvest ripening fruits；
3, a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method of the invention carries out ground fruit seedling crop field scale using film-mulching technique
Change plantation, death caused by effectively preventing cuttage seeding due to arid, freeze injury；
4, a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method of the invention is not necessarily to additional culture medium, is not necessarily to nursery and sunshade,
Without acclimatization and transplants, directly progress large-scale planting, period cost before greatly saving effectively shortens the Growing season of ground fruit seedling,
It is obviously shortened the comprehensive exploitation time limit of ground fruit seedling；
5, the disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root in the large-scale planting method of a kind of ground of the invention fruit autumn crop field can guarantee cuttage seeding
It takes root survival, using disinfectant mixed liquor sprinkling cuttings of taking root, while improving scion rooting rate, it is dead to reduce scion mildew
Rate；
6, a kind of ground of the invention fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method ensure that ground fruit old branch cuttage seeding surviving in autumn and winter
Rate can rapidly enter growth period when spring next year Growing season arrives, and can generate a large amount of sprouting branches, and can exist in summer and autumn current year
Old branch section portion smoothly yields positive results, and substantially reduces the comprehensive development and utilization time of ground fruit；
7, the cuttage survival rate of a kind of ground of the invention fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method reaches 95% or more, and storage rate reaches
100%。
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below, but the scope of the present invention does not limit to the content.
For clarity, not describing whole features of practical embodiments, in the following description, it is not described in detail well known function
And structure, because they can make the present invention chaotic due to unnecessary details, it will be understood that opening in any practical embodiments
In hair, it is necessary to make a large amount of implementation details to realize the specific objective of developer, such as according to related system or related business
Limitation, changes into another embodiment by one embodiment, additionally, it should think that this development may be complicated and expend
Time, but to those skilled in the art it is only routine work.
Embodiment 1: the ground fruit seedling crop field large-scale planting demonstration of Sichuan Dazhou City Qu County.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method, follows the steps below:
Step 1: crop field selection: in the Qu County township the Zhong Tan Mo-tse village river bank Zhong Tan, selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous,
5 mu of well-drained discarded milpa are used as planting base；
Step 2: site preparation and fertilization: apply fertilizer 500kg farmyard manure and 100kg three element compound fertilizer per acre, 30 centimeters of deep ploughing or more；
Step 3: ridging: playing the earth ridge of wide 50cm, high 30cm in the big Tanaka handled well, ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, ridge
Top is arc, furrow spacing 50cm；After ridging, compacting earth ridge is modified with spade, the width of earth ridge and height is made to meet the requirements,
Sunning one week；
Step 4: cuttings acquisition: the selection of early morning early October is grown fine, the maternal plant of branch stalwartness, from clip diameter above
The old branch of 0.5cm wipe out all blades and current year raw sprout from petiole, the branch of harvesting are transferred to cool place as cutting
Place sprays sufficient moisture, carries out cutting fringe in the cool, each cut fringe and retain at least one section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout, above cut
The place 0.5cm mouthful above the section, at the top 0.5cm that lower clip saves below internode close to second；The cutting length of acquisition is
3cm, the cuttings heap sheared to shady place spray water in time, prevent from dehydrating；
Step 5: taking root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: taking root according to this proportional arrangement and sterilize mixed liquor: in every 1000 ml water, being added
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 500mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 300mg, 80% spray gram wettable powder 2000mg, 70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable
Pulvis 600mg, will be taken root with sprayer sterilizes mixed liquor and is sprayed on cuttings heap, turns in spray, sprinkling uniformly, with shape in scion
At drop, but stop sprinkling when not falling automatically；
Step 6: the punching of ridge face: being punched on earth ridge with cuttage device, pitch of holes 10cm, hole depth 5cm, 2 rounds are made a call on every ridge；
Step 7: cuttage: selection carries out cuttage rainy days, and cuttings is inserted directly into hole, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, only protects
Section portion is stayed slightly to expose earth's surface；After all having inserted, scion is gently covered with loosening the soil, is advisable with just covering scion head；
Step 8: covering mulch: selecting width is the white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge of 100cm, it is noted that paving, tensing, no when overlay film
Ventilative gas leakage, membrane edge firming want careful, and pile things on pressure is tight, and mulch places into the soil depth as 5cm at the angle of ridge；
Step 9: irrigate: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, irrigate 2 times by furrow, using keep furrow wet but not ponding as principle；
Step 10: fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, scratches a hole at the cuttings not survived, gently pulls out
Withered cuttings out after the new cuttings of interpolation, covers mulch broken hole with soil, presses tight compacting；
Step 11: being managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch
Central firming presses the mound of a 1kg every half meter, prevents from raising mulch when Winter Gale；
Step 12: field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch, and timely weeding is irrigated, and field plant grows fine, the summer
Season can harvest mellow fruit in the old branch base portion of cuttings.
Embodiment 2: the ground fruit seedling crop field large-scale planting demonstration of Sichuan Dazhou City Qu County.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method, follows the steps below:
Step 1: crop field selection: in the Qu County township the Zhong Tan Mo-tse village river bank Zhong Tan, selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous,
5 mu of well-drained discarded milpa are used as planting base；
Step 2: site preparation and fertilization: apply fertilizer 500kg farmyard manure and 100kg three element compound fertilizer per acre, 30 centimeters of deep ploughing or more；
Step 3: ridging: playing the earth ridge of wide 50cm, high 30cm in the big Tanaka handled well, ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, ridge
Top is arc, furrow spacing 50cm；After ridging, compacting earth ridge is modified with spade, the width of earth ridge and height is made to meet the requirements,
Sunning one week；
Step 4: cuttings acquisition: the selection of early morning early October is grown fine, the maternal plant of branch stalwartness, from clip diameter 1cm above
Old branch as cutting, all blades and current year raw sprout are wiped out from petiole, the branch of harvesting is transferred to shady place, spray foot
Moisture carries out cutting fringe in the cool, each cuts fringe and retains at least one section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout, upper clip saving
At the 0.8cm of top, lower clip is below internode at the top 0.8cm of second section；The cutting length of acquisition is 4cm, is cut
Good cuttings heap sprays water in time to shady place, prevents from dehydrating；
Step 5: taking root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: taking root according to this proportional arrangement and sterilize mixed liquor: in every 1000 ml water, being added
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 550mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 350mg, 80% spray gram wettable powder 2500mg, 70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable
Pulvis 650mg, will be taken root with sprayer sterilizes mixed liquor and is sprayed on cuttings heap, turns in spray, sprinkling uniformly, with shape in scion
At drop, but stop sprinkling when not falling automatically；
Step 6: the punching of ridge face: being punched on earth ridge with cuttage device, pitch of holes 10cm, hole depth 5cm, 2 rounds are made a call on every ridge；
Step 7: cuttage: selection carries out cuttage rainy days, and cuttings is inserted directly into hole, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, only protects
Section portion is stayed slightly to expose earth's surface；After all having inserted, scion is gently covered with loosening the soil, is advisable with just covering scion head；
Step 8: covering mulch: selecting width is the white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge of 100cm, it is noted that paving, tensing, no when overlay film
Ventilative gas leakage, membrane edge firming want careful, and pile things on pressure is tight, and mulch places into the soil depth as 8cm at the angle of ridge；
Step 9: irrigate: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, irrigate 2 times by furrow, using keep furrow wet but not ponding as principle；
Step 10: fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, scratches a hole at the cuttings not survived, gently pulls out
Withered cuttings out after the new cuttings of interpolation, covers mulch broken hole with soil, presses tight compacting；
Step 11: being managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch
Central firming presses the mound of a 1kg every half meter, prevents from raising mulch when Winter Gale；
Step 12: field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch, and timely weeding is irrigated, and field plant grows fine, the summer
Season can harvest mellow fruit in the old branch base portion of cuttings.
Embodiment 3: the ground fruit seedling crop field large-scale planting demonstration of Sichuan Dazhou City Qu County.
A kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method, follows the steps below:
Step 1: crop field selection: in the Qu County township the Zhong Tan Mo-tse village river bank Zhong Tan, selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous,
5 mu of well-drained discarded milpa are used as planting base；
Step 2: site preparation and fertilization: apply fertilizer 500kg farmyard manure and 100kg three element compound fertilizer per acre, 30 centimeters of deep ploughing or more；
Step 3: ridging: playing the earth ridge of wide 50cm, high 30cm in the big Tanaka handled well, ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, ridge
Top is arc, furrow spacing 50cm；After ridging, compacting earth ridge is modified with spade, the width of earth ridge and height is made to meet the requirements,
Sunning one week；
Step 4: cuttings acquisition: the selection of early morning early October is grown fine, the maternal plant of branch stalwartness, from clip diameter 2cm above
Old branch as cutting, all blades and current year raw sprout are wiped out from petiole, the branch of harvesting is transferred to shady place, spray foot
Moisture carries out cutting fringe in the cool, each cuts fringe and retains at least one section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout, upper clip saving
At the 1cm of top, lower clip is below internode at the top 1cm of second section；The cutting length of acquisition is 5cm, it shears
Cuttings heap sprays water in time to shady place, prevents from dehydrating；
Step 5: taking root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: taking root according to this proportional arrangement and sterilize mixed liquor: in every 1000 ml water, being added
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 600mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 400mg, 80% spray gram wettable powder 3000mg, 70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable
Pulvis 700mg, will be taken root with sprayer sterilizes mixed liquor and is sprayed on cuttings heap, turns in spray, sprinkling uniformly, with shape in scion
At drop, but stop sprinkling when not falling automatically；
Step 6: the punching of ridge face: being punched on earth ridge with cuttage device, pitch of holes 10cm, hole depth 5cm, 2 rounds are made a call on every ridge；
Step 7: cuttage: selection carries out cuttage rainy days, and cuttings is inserted directly into hole, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, only protects
Section portion is stayed slightly to expose earth's surface；After all having inserted, scion is gently covered with loosening the soil, is advisable with just covering scion head；
Step 8: covering mulch: selecting width is the white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge of 100cm, it is noted that paving, tensing, no when overlay film
Ventilative gas leakage, membrane edge firming want careful, and pile things on pressure is tight, and mulch places into the soil depth as 10cm at the angle of ridge；
Step 9: irrigate: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, irrigate 3 times by furrow, using keep furrow wet but not ponding as principle；
Step 10: fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, scratches a hole at the cuttings not survived, gently pulls out
Withered cuttings out after the new cuttings of interpolation, covers mulch broken hole with soil, presses tight compacting；
Step 11: being managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch
Central firming presses the mound of a 1kg every half meter, prevents from raising mulch when Winter Gale；
Step 12: field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch, and timely weeding is irrigated, and field plant grows fine, the summer
Season can harvest mellow fruit in the old branch base portion of cuttings.
Although having done more detailed elaboration to technical solution of the present invention and having enumerated, it should be understood that for ability
For field technique personnel, modifications to the embodiments described above may be made or uses equivalent alternative solution, this is to those skilled in the art
It is it is clear that these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the present invention for member
Claimed range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: it includes cuttings acquisition, taking root sterilizes mixed liquor
Processing, cuttage and covering mulch, are acquired cuttings in the fall first, sterilize mixed liquor processing to cuttings using taking root after having adopted
It is handled, then carries out cuttage, covered after cuttage using mulch.
2. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: the cuttings is adopted
Collection is to acquire old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, and cutting length is 3-5cm, at least retains 1 section, at section raw 1
A young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, upper clip is above the section at 0.5-1cm, and lower clip is below internode close to the upper of second section
At 0.5-1cm of side.
3. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: described take root disappears
The ingredient of toxic agent mixed liquor is addition methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 500-600mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 300- in every 1000 ml water
400mg, 80% spray gram wettable powder 2000-3000mg, 70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable powder 600-700mg.
4. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: the cuttage
Insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings in journey.
5. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: it includes following
Step: 1) crop field selects, and 2) site preparation and fertilization, 3) ridging, 4) cuttings acquisition, 5) taking root sterilizes mixed liquor processing, and 6) punching of ridge face,
7) cuttage, 8) covering mulch, 9) irrigate, 10) it fills the gaps with seedlings, 11) manage after cuttage, 12) field management.
6. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: it includes following
Step:
1) crop field selects；
2) site preparation and fertilization；
3) ridging；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, cutting length is 3-5cm, at least retains 1
Section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, for upper clip above the section at 0.5-1cm, lower clip is close below internode
At 0.5-1cm of top of second section；
5) it takes root and sterilizes mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root, sprinkling uniformly, makes every
A cuttings all touches spraying；
6) ridge face is punched；
7) cuttage；Cuttings is inserted directly into the hole accomplished fluently in the punching of step 6) ridge face, insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings；
8) it covers mulch: selecting white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge, it is tight that edge buries soil pressure, and mulch depth of placing into the soil is 5- at the angle of ridge
10cm；
9) it irrigates；
10) it fills the gaps with seedlings；
11) it is managed after cuttage；
12) field management.
7. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: it includes following
Step:
1) crop field selects: selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam does nursery；
2) site preparation and fertilization: applying fertilizer to the crop field of step 1) selection, and deep plough, and deep plough 30cm or more；
3) ridging: the crop field Da Long that step 2 is handled well, row spacing degree and height are respectively 50cm and 30cm, wide 50 cm of furrow；
Ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, are arc at the top of ridge；Meanwhile it being dried；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, then carries out cutting fringe, cutting length is 3-5cm, at least retains 1
Section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, for upper clip above the section at 0.5-1cm, lower clip is close below internode
At 0.5-1cm of top of second section；
5) take root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with the sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor that will take root, sprinkling uniformly, and
Tool turning is used in time, touches each cuttings spraying；
6) ridge face is punched: the hole for cuttings insertion is beaten on earth ridge with cuttage device；
7) cuttage: being inserted directly into hole for cuttings, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, after all having inserted, is covered with loosening the soil, and water；
8) it covers mulch: selecting white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge, mulch places into the soil depth as 5-10cm at the angle of ridge；
9) it irrigates: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, being carried out irrigation 2-3 times by furrow；
10) fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, fills the gaps with seedlings the scion not survived；
11) it is managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch center
Firming；
12) field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch.
8. a kind of ground fruit autumn crop field according to claim 1 large-scale planting method, it is characterised in that: it includes following
Step:
1) crop field selects: selection topography is flat, fertile soil, the soil is porous, well-drained sandy loam does nursery；
2) it site preparation and fertilization: applies fertilizer to the crop field of step 1) selection, it is multiple to apply decomposed farmyard manure 500kg and three elements per acre
100 kg of Hefei, and deep plough, deep plough 30cm or more；
3) ridging: the crop field Da Long that step 2 is handled well, row spacing degree and height are respectively 50cm and 30cm, wide 50 cm of furrow；
After ridging, compacting earth ridge is modified with spade, the width of earth ridge and height is made to meet the requirements；Ridge face and ground angle are 45 °, ridge top
Portion is arc；Meanwhile being dried, the time is at least one week；
4) cuttings acquires: acquiring old branch in early October, wipes out all blades and current year raw sprout, the branch of harvesting shift in time
To shady place, sufficient moisture is sprayed；It carrying out cutting fringe in the cool, cutting length is 3-5 cm depending on the panel length of old branch,
At least retain 1 section, at section raw 1 young shoot or sprout；When cutting fringe, above the section at 0.5-1 cm, lower clip exists upper clip
Below internode at 0.5-1 cm of top of second section；The cuttings heap sheared sprays water in time to shady place, prevents from being dehydrated
It is dry；
5) take root and sterilize mixed liquor processing: being sprayed on cuttings heap with the sprayer disinfectant mixed liquor that will take root, sprinkling uniformly, and
Tool turning is used in time, touches each cuttings spraying, and the ingredient for disinfectant mixed liquor of taking root is added in every 1000 ml water
Enter methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 500-600mg, heteroauxin (IBA) 300-400mg, 80% and spray gram wettable powder 2000-3000mg,
70% hydroxyisoxazole wettable powder 600-700mg；
6) ridge face is punched: the hole for cuttings insertion is beaten on earth ridge with cuttage device, 10 cm of pitch of holes, 5 cm of hole depth, every ridge makes a call to 2
Round；
7) cuttage: being inserted directly into hole for cuttings, and insertion depth is the 4/5 of cuttings, after all having inserted, with covering of loosening the soil, and with spending
Spill watering；
8) cover mulch: selecting width is the white covering with ground sheeting earth ridge of 100 cm, and mulch depth of placing into the soil is at the angle of ridge
5-10cm ；
9) it irrigates: in cuttage complete 2 weeks, being carried out irrigation 2-3 times by furrow, keep furrow wet but not ponding；
10) fill the gaps with seedlings: after 2 weeks, on ground, film surface observes cuttings germination, fills the gaps with seedlings the scion not survived；It fills the gaps with seedlings
Step is scratched a hole on mulch, extracts withered cuttings, after the new cuttings of interpolation, is covered mulch broken hole with soil, is pressed tight compacting；
11) it is managed after cuttage: after one month, scratching a hole at cuttings germination, grow seedling naturally, after 2 months, in mulch center
Firming presses the mound of a 1kg every half meter；
12) field management: spring next year, which collects, removes remaining mulch, and carries out weeding and irrigation.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110432055A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-11-12 | 铜仁学院 | A kind of Moraceae ficus species ground fruit cultural method |
| CN110432054A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-11-12 | 铜仁学院 | A kind of Moraceae ficus species ground long climing thick root seedling fostering method of fruit |
| CN111357512A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 铜仁学院 | Method for efficiently collecting seedlings of fruits on large scale |
| CN111567241A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 铜仁学院 | Hanging type ground fruit potting device and cultivation method |
| CN112438152A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-05 | 铜仁学院 | Large-scale efficient breeding method for Diguo seedlings |
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| CN111357512A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 铜仁学院 | Method for efficiently collecting seedlings of fruits on large scale |
| CN111567241A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 铜仁学院 | Hanging type ground fruit potting device and cultivation method |
| CN112438152A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-05 | 铜仁学院 | Large-scale efficient breeding method for Diguo seedlings |
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