CN108184565A - A kind of strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of strawberry cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108184565A CN108184565A CN201711469914.2A CN201711469914A CN108184565A CN 108184565 A CN108184565 A CN 108184565A CN 201711469914 A CN201711469914 A CN 201711469914A CN 108184565 A CN108184565 A CN 108184565A
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- strawberry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of strawberry cultivation method.This method presses 1,500 2000 plants/acre of seedling dosage, and strawberry nutrition bag seedling is shifted to an earlier date 1 wheat harvesting period is transplanted to strawberry production field, strengthens the fertilizer and water management of transplanting bag seedling, suitably increases nitrogen, the phosphate fertilizer amount of imposing, and promotees transplanted seedling and a large amount of healthy and strong stolons occur.Stolon seedling node is pressed on soil to take root foliation, generates a large amount of seedlings, the total seedling number of the final strawberry in field reaches 7500~10000 plants/acre.The shortcomings that present invention saves a large amount of seedlings, overcome transplanting seedling and are not easy to survive, and seedling-slowing stage is long, a large amount of dead seedlings, while 25 30 days fruitings of blooming ahead of time, improve yield and the output value, reduce fund of seed and transplanting working hour expense, saved production cost.
Description
Technical field
Present specification category agricultural crops technical field of cultivation more particularly to a kind of strawberry cultivation method.
Background technology
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) belongs to rose family Fragaria herbaceos perennial.Its plant height 10~
40 centimetres, stem is less than leaf or near equal, close by development yellow pubescence.
Production field (crop field) cultivation of conventional strawberry, usual August transplant seedling, and September is bloomed fruiting, and transplanting October current year is extremely
May next year harvests.7500~10000 plants per acre of plantation density, the base fertilizer for producing field are typically 5000 kilograms of organic fertilizer per acre,
50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate.15 public affairs of composite fertilizer that N-P-K is 15-15-15 are imposed after transplant survival to before harvesting
Pound/acre, fruiting of blooming imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 days that N-P-K is 15-15-15 once before terminating to harvesting, 10 kilograms every time/
Mu.The total output for transplanting October current year to May next year is typically 2500kg/ mus；Conditional place, is dripped using water-fertilizer integral
Fill administrative skill.Wherein there are the seedling that seedling dosage is big, the transplanting amount of labour used is big, seedling-slowing stage is longer, is transplanted to production field is also easy
There is the defects of dead seedling, weak seedling phenomenon, high entire production cost.
Invention content
Seedling dosage in above-mentioned strawberry production is big, seedling-slowing stage is longer after transplanting to solve, and seedling dead seedling is more, the amount of labour used is big,
The technical issues of production cost is high, the present invention provide a kind of seedling dosage it is smaller, without seedling-slowing stage, dead seedling is few, yields positive results ahead of time,
Increase yield, the strawberry cultivation method of production cost can be greatly lowered.
Technical scheme is as follows：
1. a kind of strawberry cultivation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) strawberry production field applies fertilizer to the subsoil as organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, and wherein Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 5,000,000
Gram/acre, calcium superphosphate dosage be double centner/mu, 50,000 grams/acre of sulfuric acid potassium application rate；
(2) in late June~early July, by 1500-2000 plants/acre of seedling dosage, by strawberry nutrition bag seedling band soil mud
Plant strawberry production field；Current year 8 of the stolon up to balled transplanting strawberry nutrition bag seedling is sent out in the strawberry nutrition bag seedling of transplanting
The middle of the month, it is primary to impose a concentration of 0.2~0.3%w/w nitrogenous fertilizer every 10 days trickle irrigations, and each nitrogen fertilizer amount is 1.5~2.0kg/
Mu, the strawberry nutrition bag seedling for promoting transplanting send out the stolons of a large amount of stalwartnesses, on the stolon that strawberry nutrition bag seedling is grown
Seedling node is pressed in soil, foliation of taking root, and becomes the Strawberry Seedlings in production field, and the total seedling of strawberry for making strawberry production field final
Quantity reaches 7500~10000 plants/acre；The total seedling quantity of the final strawberry in strawberry production field reaches after 7500~10000 plants/acre
Before terminating to the harvesting of next year strawberry, it is managed by strawberry conventional cultivation method.
2. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, the content of organic matter in organic fertilizer described in step (1)
>=30%.
3. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, it is 46% that the nitrogenous fertilizer described in step (2), which is leaded wastewater,
Urea.
4. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, the plant of strawberry nutrient bag seedling balled transplanting in step (2)
It is 40cm × 12cm away from the seeding row spacing that for 80cm × 55cm, the seedling node on stolon is pressed in soil.
Compared with prior art, core technology of the invention is mainly using fewer than the Strawberry Seedlings dosage that the prior art is transplanted
More than 73% seedling dosage is taken root foliation in soil by pressing stolon seedling node in strawberry production field, becomes raw
The Strawberry Seedlings in production field directly increase production field seedling quantity, while increase the Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates of base fertilizer, increase during stolon seedling
The measure for imposing, shifting to an earlier date 1 wheat harvesting period transplanting strawberry seedling of nitrogenous fertilizer, has reached following advantageous effect：
1st, transplanting seedling dosage is reduced, averagely saves 2666.67 yuan/mu of fund of seed, it is same averagely to save fund of seed 59.26%
When also ensure the strawberry seedling in strawberry production field and reach 7500 plants or more, it is ensured that yield of strawberry.
2nd, by increasing base fertilizer phosphate fertilizer, lift-augmented mechanism, make stolon healthy and strong, the stolon of generation is directly taken root as production
It with seedling, without seedling-slowing stage, easily survives, dead seedling is few, and survival rate reaches more than 95%, makes Strawberry Seedlings robust growth, is strawberry
Growth, resist pest and disease damage harm, volume increase have laid a good foundation.
3rd, shift to an earlier date 1 wheat harvesting period transplanting strawberry seedling, strawberry period of blooming made to be advanced by 25-30 days, extends picking time,
So as to further improve strawberry per mu yield, averagely increase production 283.33kg/ mus.
4th, after the recruitment cost for subtracting the phosphate fertilizer increased, nitrogenous fertilizer, pressing stolon, production cost 2676.08 is averagely saved
Member/mu saves production cost 29.55%, increases by 14176.08 yuan/mu of income.It is average to increase income 49.83%.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments, without specified otherwise is conventional method in embodiment.
Term：
Seedling node：Refer to the even number section crawled on basal part of stem to its stolon of strawberry stolon stem apex direction from strawberry be into
Seedling node.
Embodiment 1
Enforcement place：Yunnan Province Xishan District, Kunming City Dian Chi section Fu Shan villages.
(1) site preparation applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and strawberry production field applies fertilizer to the subsoil as organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, wherein organic fertilizer use
It is 5,000,000 grams/acre to measure, calcium superphosphate dosage be double centner/mu (increasing Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates), 50,000 grams/acre of sulfuric acid potassium application rate；
The content of organic matter >=30% in the organic fertilizer.
(2) in late June, by 1500 plants/acre of seedling dosage, by strawberry nutrition bag seedling balled transplanting to strawberry production
Field, the seeding row spacing of strawberry nutrition bag seedling is 80cm × 55cm, and trickle irrigation is poured primary permeable after transplanting, and water is made to penetrate arable layer；It is moving
The strawberry nutrition bag seedling of cultivation sent out current year mid-August of the stolon up to balled transplanting strawberry nutrition bag seedling, every 10 days trickle irrigations
It is primary to impose a concentration of 0.2%w/w urea, each amount of urea is 1.5kg/ mus, and the urea is that leaded wastewater is 46%w/w's
Urea, the strawberry nutrition bag seedling for promoting transplanting send out the stolon of a large amount of stalwartnesses.On the stolon that strawberry nutrition bag seedling is grown
Seedling node press in soil, the seedling node on stolon is pressed on seeding row spacing in soil as 40cm × 12cm, makes
The total seedling quantity of final strawberry reaches 7500 plants/acre in strawberry production field.0.2%w/w urea is prepared：Leaded wastewater is needed for weighing
46% weight of urea adds in water, is configured to the concentration that weight percent is 0.2%.It is mid-August, final in strawberry production field
The total seedling quantity of strawberry reach and terminate to the harvesting of next year strawberry after 7500 plants/acre before, carry out pipe by strawberry conventional cultivation method
Reason.The entire growth period disease pest and weed prevention of strawberry is according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 2
For embodiment 2 in addition to following steps are different from embodiment 1, remaining step is same as Example 1.
(2) in early July, by 2000 plants/acre of seedling dosage, by strawberry nutrition bag seedling balled transplanting to strawberry production
Field.By the seedling node described in embodiment 1 by stolon press on mode in soil make in strawberry production field it is final
The total seedling quantity of strawberry reaches 8500 plants/acre, and stolon is sent out up to balled transplanting strawberry nutrition in the strawberry nutrition bag seedling of transplanting
Mid-August current year of bag seedling, impose that a concentration of 0.25%w/w urea is primary, and each amount of urea is every 10 days trickle irrigations
1.8kg/ mu.
Embodiment 3
For embodiment 3 in addition to following steps are different from embodiment 1, remaining step is same as Example 1.
(2) in early July, by 2000 plants/acre of seedling dosage, by strawberry nutrition bag seedling balled transplanting to strawberry production
Field, by the seedling node described in embodiment 1 by stolon press on mode in soil make in strawberry production field it is final
The total seedling quantity of strawberry reaches 10000 plants/acre.Stolon is sent out up to balled transplanting strawberry nutrition in the strawberry nutrition bag seedling of transplanting
It is primary that a concentration of 0.3%w/w urea is imposed every 10 days trickle irrigations mid-August current year of bag seedling, each amount of urea is 2.0kg/
Mu.
Test effect refers to table 1.
1 embodiment 1-3 experiment effects of table are compared with the prior art
| Processing | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | The prior art |
| Seedling expense (member/mu) | 1500 | 2000 | 2000 | 4500 |
| Transplant seedling expense of labour (member/mu) | 30 | 40 | 40 | 150 |
| Press stolon expense of labour (member/mu) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 |
| The expense that applies fertilizer to the subsoil (member/mu) | 4285 | 4285 | 4285 | 4255 |
| Lift-augmented mechanism expense (member/mu) | 14.4 | 12.96 | 14.4 | 0 |
| Harvest time expense of labour (member/mu) | 180 | 180 | 180 | 150 |
| Above-mentioned 6 costs add up to (member/mu) | 6039.4 | 6547.96 | 6549.4 | 9055 |
| Yield (kg/ mus) | 2850 | 2900 | 2900 | 2500 |
| The gross output value (member/mu) | 48000 | 49500 | 49500 | 37500 |
* detailed calculation basis is as follows in table 1：
Seedling is with 1.00 yuan/plant of nutrient bag seedling, conventional 0.60 yuan/plant of bare-root seeding meter.
Transplant seedling expense of labour：Each recruitment transplants 0.3 people of seedling recruitment number/mu in terms of 100 yuan in embodiment 1, real
It applies and 0.4 people of seedling recruitment number/mu is transplanted in example 2,0.4 people of transplanting seedling recruitment number/mu in embodiment 3.The prior art is moved
1.5 people of seedling recruitment number/mu is planted, the prior art routinely count by 0.60 yuan/plant of bare-root seeding, transplants 7500 plants/acre.
Press stolon expense of labour：Each recruitment presses 0.3 people of stolon recruitment number/mu in terms of 100 yuan in embodiment 1, real
It applies and 0.3 people of stolon recruitment number/mu is pressed in example 2,0.3 people of pressure stolon recruitment number/mu in embodiment 3.
0.80 yuan/kilogram of organic fertilizer, 0.60 yuan/kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 4.5 yuan/kilogram of potassium sulfate.
Leaded wastewater is 46% 2.4 yuan/kilogram of urea.
Prior art base fertilizer：5,000,000 grams/acre of organic fertilizer applies 50,000 grams/acre of calcium superphosphate, 50,000 grams/acre of potassium sulfate.
Lift-augmented mechanism expense：Embodiment 1 applies urea 4 times altogether, and each nitrogen fertilizer amount is 1.5kg/ mus, adds up to amount of urea
6kg/ mus.Embodiment 2 applies urea 3 times altogether, and each nitrogen fertilizer amount is 1.8kg/ mus, adds up to 5.4kg/ mus of amount of urea.Embodiment 3
Urea is applied altogether 3 times, each nitrogen fertilizer amount is 2.0kg/ mus, adds up to 6kg/ mus of amount of urea.
The output value：Embodiment 1- embodiments 3, due to -30 days 25 days precocious, when early going public, unit price is higher, and strawberry is single during this
Valency is in terms of 30 yuan/kg, during September 25 to October 25 was up till now, 350 kgs/acre of 1 yield of embodiment, and 2 yield of embodiment, 400 public affairs
Pound/acre, 400 kgs/acre of 3 yield of embodiment.It is valuated with this.
In May October 25 to next year, strawberry unit price is in terms of 15/kg during this, during this, 2500/ mu of 1 yield of embodiment,
2500/ mu of 2 yield of embodiment, 2500/ mu of 3 yield of embodiment, 2500 kgs/acre of prior art yield.
Table 1 shows：
1- of embodiment of the present invention embodiments 3：6378.92 yuan/mu of average unit cost, production cost is averagely saved than the prior art
2676.08 yuan/mu save production cost 29.55% than the prior art.
1- of embodiment of the present invention embodiments 3：1833.33 yuan/mu of average fund of seed, fund of seed is averagely saved than the prior art
2666.67 yuan/mu save fund of seed 59.26% (based on the prior art take by bare-root seeding herein, if the prior art is also using seeking
Bag seedling is supported, then the present invention saves 5666.67 yuan/mu of fund of seed).
1- of embodiment of the present invention embodiments 3：2883.33kg/ mus of average product, 49000 yuan/mu of average output value, and it is existing
2500kg/ mus of technology average yield per mu, 37500 yuan/mu of average output value.The present invention averagely increases production 283.33kg/ mus than the prior art.
Production cost, the present invention 42621.08 yuan/mu of income are deducted, the prior art takes in 28445 yuan/mu, and the present invention increases
14176.08 yuan/mu are received, increase income 49.83% than the prior art.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of strawberry cultivation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) strawberry production field applies fertilizer to the subsoil as organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, and wherein Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 5,000,000 grams/acre,
Calcium superphosphate dosage be double centner/mu, 50,000 grams/acre of sulfuric acid potassium application rate；
(2) in late June~early July, by 1500-2000 plants/acre of seedling dosage, strawberry nutrition bag seedling balled transplanting is arrived
Strawberry production field；Stolon is sent out up in the current year August of balled transplanting strawberry nutrition bag seedling in the strawberry nutrition bag seedling of transplanting
Ten days it is primary to impose a concentration of 0.2~0.3%w/w nitrogenous fertilizer every 10 days trickle irrigations, each nitrogen fertilizer amount is 1.5~2.0kg/ mu, general
The seedling node on stolon that strawberry nutrition bag seedling is grown is pressed in soil, foliation of taking root, and becomes the strawberry in production field
Seedling, and the total seedling quantity of strawberry for making strawberry production field final reaches 7500~10000 plants/acre；The final strawberry in strawberry production field
Before total seedling quantity terminates after reaching 7500~10000 plants/acre to the harvesting of next year strawberry, pipe is carried out by strawberry conventional cultivation method
Reason.
2. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, which is characterized in that having in the organic fertilizer described in step (1)
Machine matter content >=30%.
3. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer described in step (2) is that leaded wastewater is
46% urea.
4. strawberry cultivation method according to technical solution 1, which is characterized in that strawberry nutrient bag seedling band soil mud in step (2)
The seeding row spacing of cultivation is 80cm × 55cm, and the seeding row spacing that the seedling node on stolon is pressed in soil is 40cm × 12cm.
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| CN201711469914.2A CN108184565A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of strawberry cultivation method |
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| CN201711469914.2A CN108184565A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of strawberry cultivation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113099976A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method for efficiently breeding seedlings of open-field strawberry stolons |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113099976A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method for efficiently breeding seedlings of open-field strawberry stolons |
| CN113099976B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-12-05 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method for efficiently breeding seedlings by creeping stems of open field strawberries |
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Application publication date: 20180622 |