CN107467665A - 一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,该方法用经少量油橄榄叶提取物诱导培养的枯草芽胞杆菌或酵母菌种子液对油橄榄叶进行发酵处理,利用生物转化手段实现活性物质的有效提取,这种处理方法较之传统提取方法的优点在于简单高效,能耗低,提取效率高,最大程度的保存了活性成分,叶料在纤维素酶的辅助作用下可有效的实现细胞壁的破坏,提高活性成分的溶出率,制得的产品中有效成分含量更高,同时在微生物的作用下还能将一部分活性物质转化为保健功能更为强大的代谢产物,更易被人体吸收利用,实现了油橄榄叶的高值化利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种从油橄榄叶中提起活性物质的方法,具体涉及一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法。
背景技术
油橄榄是世界上具有悠久历史的一种著名的树种,被誉为世界稀缺高价值资源。油橄榄果实核小、肉厚、含油多,是提取橄榄油的良品,具有较高的使用价值。相对于具有稀缺性的橄榄油,油橄榄叶产量较大,综合利用潜力大,随着现代提取工业及分析技术的发展,从油橄榄叶中分离出多种生物活性成分,如裂环烯醚萜类、黄酮类、甾醇、烷烃类及挥发性成分等。研究表明油橄榄叶提取物具有抗氧化、降血糖、降血压、抗菌抗病毒、抗癌、保护心脑血管等作用。在国外,油橄榄叶及其提取物的保健产品在国外已得到较为充分的开发利用,国内市场也开始出现一些以油橄榄叶及其提取物为原料的保健茶、保健食品及其他保健产品。
目前制备油橄榄叶提起物的方法主要是通过热提取、超声波辅助提取、微波辅助、超临界CO2提取等手段,这些处理方法存在耗能大、耗材多、耗时长、破坏成分、提取率低等缺陷,不利于企业经济效益和产品竞争力的提高,急需研发更为高效的提取手段。
利用微生物发酵炮制中药的方法古已有之,并且是一种相当重要的炮制加工方法,药物里面的活性成分在发酵过程中利用微生物的转化能力来达到改变药性、提高药效、降低毒副作用等功效。《发酵辅助提取对三七总皂苷提取物生物活性的影响》一文揭示了发酵处理能提高三七中有效成分的溶出,稀有皂苷成分增加,清除自由基及抗菌能力更佳,由此表明利用微生物发酵转化技术在生物活性成分提取方面有极大的应有价值。目前油橄榄叶的发酵处理也有一些报道,但是只局限于生产饲料和酿制橄榄酒,经济价值不高。
发明内容
本发明针对已有提起技术的缺陷,提供一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选新鲜健康的油橄榄叶,清洗干净后阴干至含水量≤10%,随后进行粉碎处理,过50目筛,所得粉料灭菌处理后与碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶混匀,接种种子液,在30-35℃条件下发酵10-15天;
(2)发酵结束后过滤留清液备用;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的液体经真空浓缩处理,产物在60-65℃条件下干燥灭活,即得油橄榄叶生物活性提取物。
所述的步骤(1)中粉料、碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶、种子液的重量比为1:0.1:0.2:0.01:0.001:0.1。
所述的种子液是枯草芽孢杆菌孢子悬浮液或酵母菌孢子悬浮液接种到种子培养基中培养得到。
所述的种子液中固形物的体积分数为20-30%。
所述的种子培养基中各组分及其浓度为:胰蛋白胨0.5-1%、葡萄糖2-3%、氯化钠0.1-0.2%、硫酸铵0.1-0.35%、牛肉膏0.01-0.02%、琼脂3-5%、市售油橄榄叶提取物0.01-0.02%,水余量,培养基pH值为7.0-7.5。
本发明用经少量油橄榄叶提取物诱导培养的枯草芽胞杆菌或酵母菌种子液对油橄榄叶进行发酵处理,利用生物转化手段实现活性物质的有效提取,这种处理方法较之传统提取方法的优点在于简单高效,能耗低,提取效率高,最大程度的保存了活性成分,叶料在纤维素酶的辅助作用下可有效的实现细胞壁的破坏,提高活性成分的溶出率,制得的产品中有效成分含量更高,同时在微生物的作用下还能将一部分活性物质转化为保健功能更为强大的代谢产物,更易被人体吸收利用,实现了油橄榄叶的高值化利用。
具体实施方式
一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选新鲜健康的油橄榄叶,清洗干净后阴干至含水量≤10%,随后进行粉碎处理,过50目筛,取100kg粉料灭菌处理后与碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶混匀后接种种子液,在30℃条件下发酵15天,其中粉料、碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶、种子液的重量比为1:0.1:0.2:0.01:0.001:0.1;
(2)发酵结束后过滤留清液备用;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的液体经真空浓缩处理,产物在60℃条件下干燥灭活,即得油橄榄叶生物活性提取物。
其中种子液是枯草芽孢杆菌孢子悬浮液或酵母菌孢子悬浮液接种到种子培养基中培养得到,其中固形物的体积分数为20%。
采用的种子培养基中各组分及其浓度为:胰蛋白胨0.5%、葡萄糖2%、氯化钠0.1%、硫酸铵0.1%、牛肉膏0.01%、琼脂3%、市售油橄榄叶提取物0.01%,水余量,培养基pH值为7.0。
Claims (5)
1.一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选新鲜健康的油橄榄叶,清洗干净后阴干至含水量≤10%,随后进行粉碎处理,过50目筛,所得粉料灭菌处理后与碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶混匀,接种种子液,在30-35℃条件下发酵10-15天;
(2)发酵结束后过滤留清液备用;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的液体经真空浓缩处理,产物在60-65℃条件下干燥灭活,即得油橄榄叶生物活性提取物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(1)中粉料、碳源、氮源、麦芽汁、纤维素酶、种子液的重量比为1:0.1:0.2:0.01:0.001:0.1。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,所述的种子液是枯草芽孢杆菌孢子悬浮液或酵母菌孢子悬浮液接种到种子培养基中培养得到。
4.如权利要求1或2或3所述的一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,所述的种子液中固形物的体积分数为20-30%。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种发酵提取油橄榄叶生物活性物质的方法,其特征在于,所述的种子培养基中各组分及其浓度为:胰蛋白胨0.5-1%、葡萄糖2-3%、氯化钠0.1-0.2%、硫酸铵0.1-0.35%、牛肉膏0.01-0.02%、琼脂3-5%、市售油橄榄叶提取物0.01-0.02%,水余量,培养基pH值为7.0-7.5。
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CN110129124A (zh) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-16 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种香叶油的提取方法 |
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CN106822214A (zh) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 李飞燕 | 一种橄榄叶提取物制备方法 |
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CN102676627A (zh) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-09-19 | 浙江大学 | 三七总皂苷的微生物发酵提取方法 |
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