CN106428185B - 车辆转向装置及制造所述装置的方法 - Google Patents

车辆转向装置及制造所述装置的方法 Download PDF

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CN106428185B
CN106428185B CN201610832736.4A CN201610832736A CN106428185B CN 106428185 B CN106428185 B CN 106428185B CN 201610832736 A CN201610832736 A CN 201610832736A CN 106428185 B CN106428185 B CN 106428185B
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steering wheel
machine interface
vehicle
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steering
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CN106428185A (zh
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J·F·舒尔斯
R·K·里夫
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Steering Solutions IP Holding Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/12—Hand levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/12—Hand levers
    • B62D1/14—Tillers, i.e. hand levers operating on steering columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
    • B62D1/183—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable adjustable between in-use and out-of-use positions, e.g. to improve access
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/22—Alternative steering-control elements, e.g. for teaching purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D6/00—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
    • B62D6/008—Control of feed-back to the steering input member, e.g. simulating road feel in steer-by-wire applications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种单个车辆转向装置。转向装置包括转向盘和至少一个人机接口，所述人机接口构造成允许驾驶员转向车辆，所述人机接口是从所述转向盘分离的部件。

Description

车辆转向装置及制造所述装置的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求2015年6月26日提交的美国临时专利申请序列第62/185,108号的优先权，其通过引用以全部内容并入本文。
背景技术
本文所描述的实施例涉及车辆转向装置及其制造这种装置的方法。
车辆设置有允许人操作者方向性地控制车辆的转向盘。转向盘可被称为人机接口(HMI)。传统上，转向盘是用于人操作者使用以方向性地控制车辆的可得到的唯一HMI。
随着汽车工业朝着自主驾驶辅助***的技术上的前进，转向盘可能不需要在车辆操作的所有时刻都由驾驶员手动操纵。这样，可采用不同的转向***以替代传统转向盘或作为传统转向盘的补充。
发明内容
根据本发明的一方面，提供一种单个车辆转向装置。所述转向装置包括转向盘和至少一个人机接口，所述至少一个人机接口构造成允许人人转向车辆，所述人机接口是从所述转向盘分离的部件。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于自主车辆的转向***，并且其包括在第一状态下提供自主车辆的方向控制的转向盘，所述转向盘可在伸延伸位置和缩回位置之间运动。还包括在第二状态下提供自主车辆的方向控制的人机接口，所述人机接口相对于在缩回位置中的转向盘与人操作者的手之间的距离定位成更紧密靠近人操作者的手。还包括在第三状态下提供自主车辆的方向控制的自主驾驶辅助转向***，所述第三状态包括自主驾驶模式。
根据本发明的又一方面，提供一种制造车辆转向装置的方法。所述方法包括向车辆提供在可机械地操作的转向联动设备中的转向盘。所述方法还包括在车辆中提供一种线控转向的转向***。所述方法还包括将至少一个人机接口而不是转向盘可操作地连接到车辆。所述方法又包括将所述至少一个人机接口连接到所述线控转向***。
附图说明
被视为本发明的主题在说明书的结束处的权利要求中特别地指出且清楚地要求。前述和本发明的其它特征以优点从结合附图的以下详细描述变得清楚，其中：
图1描述具有车辆转向装置的车辆的示意图；
图2描绘车辆转向装置的人机接口的实施例的透视图；
图3描绘车辆转向装置的人机接口的另一实施例的透视图；以及
图4是示出操作车辆转向装置的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图，其中将参考特定实施例来描述本发明但不限制本发明，图1描述一种车辆转向装置10。车辆转向装置10包括转向盘14，其可被认为是第一人机接口。车辆转向装置10除了转向盘14以外还包括分离于且不同于转向盘14的至少一个人机接口18，其可被认为是第二人机接口。转向盘14和人机接口18构造为允许人转向车辆22。两种可能的人机接口18A和18B在此示出并在下文更详细地描述。
在一些实施例中，车辆22包括线控转向***26。例如，线控转向***26使用与车辆22连接的控制***和伺服***(未示出)，以使得车辆22可在没有机械联动设备的情况下转向到转向盘14。在一些实施例中，线控转向***26是自主驾驶辅助转向(ADAS)***的一部分，其能够使车辆22转向并能控制车辆22的其他参数以在无驾驶员直接参与的情况下操作车辆。自主或半自主驾驶指被构造为在没有来自驾驶员的连续输入(例如，转向，加速，制动等)的情况下执行操作，并且可装备有通过使用感测，转向和/或制动技术来允许车辆自主或半自主控制的技术的车辆。
将人机接口18可操作地连接到线控转向***26，使得在至少一种驾驶状态下通过操作人机接口18来使车辆22转向。另外，在一些实施例中，转向盘14也与线控转向***26可操作通信。
冗余地采用转向盘14和至少一个额外人机接口18来使车辆22转向，使得当额外人机接口18不可用时转向盘14可继续操作并从而使车辆22转向。可替代地，当转向盘14不可用时额外人机接口18可继续操作，或者反之亦然。然而，应当指出的是，转向盘14也可机械地可操作地连接到车辆22，以即使线控转向***26和自主驾驶辅助转向***都同时不可用(例如，故障事件)时转向盘14也能使车辆22转向。
当操作者未使用转向盘14时，转向盘14在车辆22通过额外人机接口18或者自主驾驶辅助转向***转向时可从其延伸转向位置30(图1中用虚线示出)向外缩回到缩回位置34(图1中用实线示出)。额外人机接口18定位、尺寸设计及构造成其可比转向盘14更迅速地对车辆22的转向做出控制，特别当转向盘14处在缩回位置34时。换句话说，当与在缩回位置处34中的转向盘14和人操作者的手之间的距离相比时，人机接口18定位成更紧密靠近人操作者的手。这样的定位允许人操作者根据需要快速做出车辆22的转向控制。
参照图2，至少一个额外人机接口18A的实施例被示出为操纵杆18A。操纵杆18A可被配置为使得线控转向***26在对应于柄部38被倾斜或枢转方向的方向上来使车辆22转向。转向的锐度可正比于柄部38从空挡(neutral)位置位移的角度。
参照图3，至少一个额外人机接口18B的实施例被示出为转盘。转盘18B可配置成使得线控转向***26在对应于转盘18B的圆盘42的旋转方向的方向上来使车辆22转向。转向的锐度可正比于圆盘42相对于空挡位置旋转的角度。
上述的人机接口18A、18B仅是人机接口18的实例并不旨在是限制性的，可采用任何合适的替代性接口。具体地说，定位成靠近人操作者并能够与车辆22相互作用来为人操作者有效地提供转向控制的任何设备都是合适的。
现在参考图4，流程图根据实施例示出转向装置的操作。在线控转向***已激活100的情况下，处理设备或控制器确定线控转向***是否机械地联接到部件102。如果是，则当ADAS***未激活104时驾驶员提供方向控制，并且当ADAS***已激活106时ADAS***提供方向控制。如果否，则做出ADAS***是否被激活108的确定。如果未被激活，则驾驶员提供方向控制110并且转向盘是驾驶员为此所使用的人机接口112。如果已被激活，则ADAS***提供方向控制114并且做出转向轴是否可操作地从转向盘116分离的确定。如果否，则转向盘继续旋转并且驾驶员保持(多个)手远离转向盘118。如果已分离，则转向盘旋转停止120。
如上所述的，转向盘14可从延伸转向位置30运动到缩回位置34以在车辆22内提供更多舱空间。做出转向盘是否处在缩回位置122的确定。如果处在延伸位置，则驾驶员保持(多个)手远离转向盘124。如果处在缩回位置，则车辆内的舱空间增加，并且转向盘远离驾驶员的手126，并且由ADAS***控制线控转向***来使车辆转向128。在此情况期间，监测确定ADAS***是否关闭或发生故障130。在ADAS***的继续正常操作期间，无需做出任何动作，并且继续进行监测132。如果检测到“关闭”状态或故障，则当驾驶员可安全地使用转向盘提供这样的控制时驾驶员可使用转向盘提供方向控制134。如果不能这么做，则诸如当转向盘处在缩回位置时，驾驶员利用人机接口(例如，冗余的HMI)来提供方向控制136。在使用冗余的HMI时，转向盘处于未激活138。在驾驶员提示或者自动处理时，转向柱和转向盘从缩回位置延伸到延伸位置140。在这样的运动期间，监测142转向柱和转向盘。如果转向盘不处在完全延伸的位置上，则延伸继续144。一旦到达完全延伸的位置时，驾驶员可利用任一个HMI(即，转向盘或冗余的HMI)进行方向控制146。使用一个HMI去激活另一HMI 148。
虽然已经仅结合有限数量的实施例详细地描述了本发明，但应容易理解的是，本发明并不限于这些公开的实施例。相反，可对本发明做出修改以并入此前未描述的与本发明的精神和范围相称的任何数量的变型、变化、替换或等同布置。另外，虽然已经描述了本发明的多种实施例，但应理解的是，本发明的方面可仅包括所描述的实施例中的一些。因此，本发明并不视为由上文的描述限制。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于车辆的车辆转向***，其包括：
转向盘，转向盘能在延伸位置和缩回位置之间移动；以及
构造为允许人使车辆转向的至少一个人机接口，所述人机接口是从所述转向盘分离的部件，其中所述至少一个人机接口和所述转向盘都与车辆的线控转向***可操作通信，其中所述转向盘和所述人机接口相对于彼此可独立旋转，
当转向盘处在缩回位置时，驾驶员利用至少一个人机接口来提供方向控制，在使用至少一个人机接口时，转向盘处于未激活，在驾驶员提示或者自动处理时，转向柱从缩回位置延伸到延伸位置，在到达延伸位置时，驾驶员利用转向盘或至少一个人机接口二者之一进行方向控制，使用一个去激活另一个。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，所述至少一个人机接口包括转盘。
3.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，所述至少一个人机接口包括操纵杆。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，冗余地采用所述转向盘和所述至少一个人机接口来使车辆转向。
5.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，当所述人机接口不可用时所述转向盘继续操作。
6.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，当所述转向盘不可用时所述人机接口继续操作。
7.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，当车辆由所述人机接口转向时所述转向盘从延伸的转向位置向外可缩回到缩回位置。
8.如权利要求1所述的车辆转向***，其中，当车辆由自主驾驶员辅助转向***转向时所述转向盘从延伸的转向位置向外可缩回到缩回位置。
9.一种用于自主或半自主车辆的转向***，其包括：
转向盘，其在第一状态下提供所述自主车辆的方向控制，所述转向盘可在延伸位置和缩回位置之间运动；
人机接口，其在第二状态下提供所述自主车辆的方向控制，所述人机接口定位成相对于在所述缩回位置中的转向盘与人操作者的手之间的距离更紧密靠近人操作者的手；
自主驾驶辅助转向***，其在第三状态下提供自主车辆的方向控制，所述第三状态包括自主驾驶模式，其中所述转向盘和所述人机接口相对于彼此可独立旋转，
当转向盘处在缩回位置时，驾驶员利用至少一个人机接口来提供方向控制，在使用至少一个人机接口时，转向盘处于未激活，在驾驶员提示或者自动处理时，转向柱从缩回位置延伸到延伸位置，在到达延伸位置时，驾驶员利用转向盘或至少一个人机接口二者之一进行方向控制，使用一个去激活另一个。
10.如权利要求9所述的转向***，其中，所述第一状态包括非自主驾驶模式以及布置在所述延伸位置中的所述转向盘。
11.如权利要求9所述的转向***，其中，所述第二状态包括非自主驾驶模式以及布置在所述缩回位置中的所述转向盘。
12.如权利要求9所述的转向***，其中，响应于所述转向盘和所述人机接口中的一个旋转，所述转向盘和所述人机接口同时旋转。
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