CN105922567A - Selective plasma melting rapid prototyping equipment and method - Google Patents

Selective plasma melting rapid prototyping equipment and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105922567A
CN105922567A CN201510788693.XA CN201510788693A CN105922567A CN 105922567 A CN105922567 A CN 105922567A CN 201510788693 A CN201510788693 A CN 201510788693A CN 105922567 A CN105922567 A CN 105922567A
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plasma
print
printing
plasma beam
workpiece
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CN105922567B (en
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华云峰
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BICHENG (BEIJING) TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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Sinoadditive Manufacturing Equipment Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material

Abstract

The invention discloses selective plasma melting rapid prototyping equipment and method. The equipment comprises a monitoring system, a plasma beam processing system, and a level printing table a powder sending and spreading device. The plasma beam processing system includes a plurality of plasma beam processing devices; each plasma beam processing device is composed of a plasma generator, a printing position adjusting device, a gas supply device and a wire sending device; the monitoring system includes a plurality of plasma beam processing monitoring devices; each plasma beam processing monitoring device includes a temperature detection unit, a horizontal movement controller, a distance detecting unit and a printing distance adjusting controller. The method comprises the following steps: 1, acquisition of a 3D model of a workpiece to be molded, and hierarchical slicing processing; 2, scanning path filling; 3, printing path acquisition; and 4, printing layer by layer from top to bottom. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, simple operation, high molding efficiency, good usage effect, no need of enclosed moulding chamber or the vacuum environment, and no need of protection atmosphere or vacuum environment.

Description

A kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapid shaping technique field, especially relate to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment and Method.
Background technology
At present, domestic and international metal parts rapid shaping technique is mainly precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology (Selective laser melting, SLM).United States Patent (USP) " PROCESS AND such as Patent No. US7047098 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A SHAPED BODY BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING " describe one in detail Three-dimensional digital model is utilized to manufacture precinct laser fusion manufacturing process and the equipment thereof of fine and close part.Publication No. CN1603031A Chinese invention patent " a kind of Metal Part by Selective Laser Melting quick molding method and device " thereof disclose a kind of metal zero Part precinct laser fusion rapid molding method and device thereof.This device include semiconductor pumped YAG laser or optical fiber laser, Light beam focusing system, profiled member cylinder and powder cylinder, semiconductor pumped YAG laser or optical fiber laser and light beam focusing system phase Connecting, and focus on and scan in profiled member cylinder, profiled member cylinder is connected with powder cylinder by paving powder cylinder, and paving powder cylinder connection is driven Galvanic electricity machine, drives motor to be connected with computer.
Metal parts rapid shaping technique also has electron beam rapid shaping technique.Such as Publication No. CN103273065A Chinese invention patent " the electron beam selective melting forming method of a kind of no-welding-seam metal beehive component " discloses a kind of no-welding-seam Metal beehive component electron beam selective melting forming method.The method comprises the following steps: one, set up no-welding-seam metal beehive structure The three-dimensional entity model of part；Two, carry out cutting layer to process, obtain the cross section information of each layer section, the section of each layer be respectively 1# section, 2# cut into slices ..., n# section；Three, substrate and metal dust are all put in electron beam rapidform machine；Four, pre-hot substrate；Five, system Standby 1# entity lamella；Six, preparation i# entity lamella, i is 2,3 ..., n；When seven, judging i=n, scanning process terminates；Eight, remove not Powder for molding, obtains no-welding-seam metal beehive component.
In order to prepare more large scale or prepare multiple part simultaneously, take laser array and optical system array approaches Or move galvanometer scheme.The Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN 102266942A " directly manufactures the precinct laser of heavy parts Fusion rapid molding equipment " disclose the precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment of a kind of direct manufacture large compact part.Should Equipment mainly includes laser array, optical system array, moulding cylinder, moulding cylinder three-dimensional zone heating insulation construction, molding Cylinder weight balancing system, substrate levelling device, double back receive cylinder, double storage powder case, double quantitative powder feeding and powder discharging device, power spreading device, Protective atmosphere cover, gas purge system, control system.The optical system taked is by multiple optical system units, Mechanical Moving Platform construction, can be with arbitrary extension or the coverage of reduction optical system.The Chinese invention of Publication No. CN103071795A Patent " mobile galvanometer selective laser melting SLM former " discloses a kind of mobile galvanometer selective laser melting SLM and becomes Shape equipment.This equipment includes by communication line with straight with the X-axis linear electric motors of cross slide way group and the Y-axis of longitudinal rail group The digital control system that line motor is connected, X-axis linear electric motors and Y-axis linear electric motors constitute turntable driving structure, this turntable driving Structure, with laser bundle-enlarging collimation mirror group drive connection, snaps in galvanometer unit bottom laser bundle-enlarging collimation mirror group, under galvanometer unit Side is provided with shaping work package, is provided with noble gas gas curtain shaping between work package and galvanometer unit.
The basic functional principle of precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment is: first utilize on computers Pro/e, UG, The 3D sculpting softwares such as CATIA design the three-dimensional entity model (i.e. three-dimensional stereo model) of part, then pass through Slice Software This threedimensional model is carried out hierarchy slicing, obtains the outline data in each cross section, outline data generate and fill scanning pattern, in work Make to tile in cylinder certain thickness powder, according to the control of computer, laser beam by the way of vibration mirror scanning according to three-dimensional zero The slicing treatment result of parts figure optionally melts fore-put powder layer；Subsequently, working cylinder declines certain distance and again spreads Powder, laser beam 3-D graphic again according to parts under the drive of galvanometer completes the manufacture of next layer of parts；So weight Spread degradation operation under powder, scanning and working cylinder again, thus realize the manufacture of three-dimensional parts.
Nowadays, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology is primarily present following three aspect problems:
The first, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, to avoid in forming process The oxidation of metal parts.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding device structure complicated, and forming part size is restricted, energy Source laser device system price is high, and former is expensive.
The second, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs to spread the moulding cylinder system of powder.This makes precinct laser fusion fast Rapid-result type device structure is complicated, and not only forming part size is restricted, and shaping efficiency is relatively low.
3rd, in order to ensure part mechanical property, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs the spherical of good fluidity Metal dust.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment operating cost the highest.
It addition, the Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN101885063A " laser cladding forming equipment and a kind of metal zero The laser cladding forming method of part " disclose quick molding method and the equipment thereof of a kind of laser melting coating silk material, this equipment is main Workbench, laser device, wire feeder and control system including three-dimensional motion.Wherein, wire feeder includes pinching running roller Right, the drivewheel pinching running roller pair is connected with motor, controls wire feed direction by a three-dimensional regulation device.Control system bag Including multi-axis motion control card, multi-axis motion control card is connected with motor, table drive motor and laser aid respectively.Become Type method includes the steps such as modeling, instruction conversion, slice forming and deposition modeling, by lf tinsel, forms molten drop, Molten drop piles up cooling on the table, and forms thin slice with working table movement, and each thin slice deposits the most from level to level and forms three Dimension metal parts.
But, above-mentioned laser cladding forming Apparatus and method for is primarily present following three aspect problems:
The first, laser can not protect molten drop, needs to lead to protective gas at wire feeding mouth, and protective gas easily cools down molten drop, Molten drop solidification and layering molding are had a negative impact, causes 3-dimensional metal part mechanical property relatively low.
The second, laser power is low and diameter wiry is big, it is difficult to realize the fast rapid-result of ceramic composite materials part Type.
3rd, due to surface tension reason, produce rounded constrictions during molten drop cooled and solidified molding, cause piece surface not only Sliding.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of constituency etc. from Sub-founding rapid forming equipment, its simple in construction, reasonable in design and use easy and simple to handle, shaping efficiency is high, using effect good, nothing Needing airtight forming room, and need not protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, Workpiece shaping process is directly carried out under atmospheric environment.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid shaping Equipment, it is characterised in that: by monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and the horizontal stamp pad group placed for workpiece to be formed Become；
Described plasma beam system of processing includes that multiple plasma beam processing unit (plant), multiple described plasma beams add The structure that frock is put is the most identical；
Each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is by being provided with shower nozzle and for producing the plasma of beam-plasma Generator, provide the feeder of working gas for described plasma generator, for sending sending of processed silk material continuously Silk device and the print position adjusting apparatus composition that print position is adjusted, described plasma generator and described wire feed Device is respectively positioned on above horizontal stamp pad, and described wire feeder is positioned at described plasma generator side；Described feeder It is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe；The outer end of described processed silk material is fusing End, described melting end is positioned at below the outlet of described shower nozzle and it is positioned on the central axis of described beam-plasma；Described printing Position regulator includes driving that described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder moves in the horizontal plane Horizontally moving device and the described plasma generator of drive, described wire feeder are with described horizontally moving device synchronizing moving also Tackle the printing distance adjusting means that is adjusted of distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad mutually, described grade from Daughter generator and described wire feeder are installed on described horizontally moving device, and described horizontally moving device is arranged on institute State in printing distance adjusting means；
Described monitoring system includes multiple plasma beam being monitored described plasma beam processing unit (plant) respectively Processing supervising device, the quantity of described plasma beam processing supervising device is included with described plasma beam system of processing The quantity of plasma beam processing unit (plant) is identical, multiple described plasma beams processing supervising device respectively with multiple described grades from Sub-beam current machining device connects；The structure of described plasma beam processing supervising device is the most identical；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device all includes treating into monitored plasma beam processing unit (plant) Temperature detecting unit that at print position on type workpiece, temperature detects in real time, described horizontally moving device is controlled Move horizontally controller, described shower nozzle exported the distance detection that the distance between horizontal stamp pad detects in real time Unit and described printing distance adjusting means is controlled printing distance regulation controller, described distance detector unit with beat Print distance regulation controller connects, described in move horizontally controller and be connected with described horizontally moving device, described print apart from tune Joint controller is connected with described printing distance adjusting means；Described temperature detecting unit with print distance regulation controller be connected and The two forms the temperature control device of monitored plasma beam processing unit (plant).
Above-mentioned a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, is characterized in that: described plasma generator produces Angle between central axis and the vertical plane of beam-plasma is not more than 45 °；Described printing distance adjusting means is along described etc. The adjusting apparatus up and down that described shower nozzle is adjusted by the central axis of ion beam up and down, described distance detector unit is for along institute State the distance that the central axis of beam-plasma detects in real time from the distance exported between horizontal stamp pad of described shower nozzle Detection device；
Described horizontal stamp pad is the mobile platform being arranged on stamp pad position regulator and moving up and down；
Described monitoring system also includes the position adjustment controller being controlled described stamp pad position regulator, institute State position adjustment controller to be connected with described stamp pad position regulator.
Above-mentioned a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, is characterized in that: described plasma generator includes Ion gun, described shower nozzle is the anode nozzle of plasma gun front end；Described plasma gun include having described air inlet gun body, Being positioned at the anode nozzle of gun body dead ahead and be plugged in the negative electrode of gun body, described anode nozzle is positioned on front side of negative electrode, described in put Electricity room is positioned on front side of negative electrode and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle, and the front inner of described anode nozzle is spout；Described Anode nozzle, negative electrode and arc chamber are all laid in coaxial with gun body；Described air inlet is positioned on rear side of gun body, described spout and gun body In coaxial lay or and gun body central axis between angle be 30 °～45 °.
Above-mentioned a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, is characterized in that: described wire feeder includes that top is wound around There are the wire tray of processed silk material, the wire feeder that processed silk material is carried and to sending that described wire feeder is driven Silk drive mechanism, described wire feeder is positioned at inside wire tray and is connected with described wire feeder；Described wire tray is coaxially mounted to turn On axle and can rotate around described rotating shaft；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device the most also includes being controlled described plasma generator Detection of gas flow rate unit that plasma generator controller, gas flow to air supply pipe detect in real time, on air supply pipe Gas flow controller that the flow control valve installed is controlled, the wire feed rate of processed silk material is detected in real time Speed detection unit and the wire feed rate controller that wire feed drive mechanism is controlled, described speed detection unit and wire feed speed Degree controller connects；Described plasma generator controller is connected with described plasma generator, described detection of gas flow rate list Unit is connected with gas flow controller.
Above-mentioned a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, is characterized in that: the quantity of described horizontal stamp pad is for many Individual, multiple described horizontal stamp pads are respectively the print platform printed for multiple workpiece to be formed and it is respectively positioned on same level On；Be mounted on electric walking mechanism bottom each described horizontal stamp pad, multiple described print platforms be respectively positioned on described grade from Below sub-line system of processing, and multiple described print platform is positioned at the printing immediately below described plasma beam system of processing Platform is platform to be controlled；
Described monitoring system also includes the walking being respectively controlled the electric walking mechanism of multiple described print platforms Controller and multiple walking position detector unit respectively walking position of multiple described print platforms detected in real time, institute State position adjustment controller the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms is respectively controlled；Multiple institutes Electric walking mechanism and the multiple described walking position detector unit of stating print platform are all connected with traveling controller, multiple described The described stamp pad position regulator of print platform is all connected with position adjustment controller.
Above-mentioned a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, is characterized in that: also include a multiple described printing of confession The walking track of the electric walking mechanism walking of platform, the electric walking mechanism of multiple described print platforms is respectively positioned on described walking On track, described electric walking mechanism is to drive described print platform to carry out the vehicle with walking machine moved forward and backward along described walking track Structure；The horizontal stamp pad of multiple described print platforms is laid from front to back along the length direction of described walking track.
Meanwhile, invention additionally discloses the constituency that a kind of method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, using effect is good Plasma founding quick molding method, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: use data handling equipment and tune Obtain the three-dimensional stereo model of workpiece to be formed with image processing module, recall hierarchy slicing module and treat the three of shaping workpiece Dimension stereomodel carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtains multiple layering cross-sectional image；
Multiple described layering cross-sectional images be treat obtain after the three-dimensional stereo model of shaping workpiece carries out hierarchy slicing many The image in individual layering cross section, multiple described layering cross sections are the most uniformly laid；Each described point of described workpiece to be formed Layer cross section is all divided into multiple print zone being carried out by multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s respectively and printing；
Step 2, scanning pattern are filled: use data handling equipment and call described image processing module, in step one Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are respectively processed, and complete the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, obtain Obtain the scanning pattern in multiple described layering cross sections；
The scanning pattern in each described layering cross section all includes the scanning road of the multiple described print zone on this layering cross section Footpath；
Step 3, printing path obtain: described data handling equipment is cut according to the multiple described layering obtained in step 2 The scanning pattern in face, it is thus achieved that the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections；The printing path in each described layering cross section all with should The scanning pattern in layering cross section is identical, and the printing path in each described layering cross section all includes the multiple institutes on this layering cross section State the printing path of print zone；
Step 4, the most successively printing: according to the printing path in the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, The most successively treat shaping workpiece to print, it is thus achieved that the finished workpart stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers； The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, and the installation position of multiple described shape layers is respectively The most identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness, the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two Distance between described layering cross section is identical, and in step 3, the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections is respectively multiple described one-tenth The printing path of type layer；Treating shaping workpiece when printing, process is as follows:
Step 401, bottom print: according to the printing path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, use Described plasma beam system of processing is treated the current institute printing shaping layer of shaping workpiece and is printed；Use described beam-plasma When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by stream system of processing, multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is used to synchronize working as The multiple described print zone of front institute printing shaping layer prints respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) that one described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is entered When row prints, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller according to acquired being currently printed as in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in type layer, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drive described plasma generator with Described wire feeder synchronizes to move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder in level On face in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto level printing continuously by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On platform；After melted liquid stream all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；
In this step, current institute printing shaping layer is the shape layer being positioned at bottommost in multiple described shape layer；
Step 402, last layer print, and comprise the following steps:
Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down: horizontal stamp pad in the vertical direction is once moved down and to Move down dynamic height identical with the thickness of described shape layer；
Step 4022, print and synchronize temperature control: according to the print path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3 Footpath, the current institute printing shaping layer using described plasma beam system of processing to treat shaping workpiece prints；Use described When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by plasma beam system of processing, use multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Synchronize the multiple described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is printed respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) that one described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is entered When row prints, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller according to acquired being currently printed as in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in type layer, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drive described plasma generator with Described wire feeder synchronizes to move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder in level On face in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto continuously and currently beats by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On the upper surface of the described shape layer of the printed next one；After melted liquid stream all solidifies, completing should in current institute printing shaping layer The print procedure of print zone；In print procedure, by temperature detecting unit to the most printed described shape layer of the next one In the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area detect in real time and by detected temperature information with Step is sent to print distance regulation controller；Further, by the distance detector unit of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) to described Distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad of shower nozzle detects in real time, and by the range information synchronous driving detected to beating Print distance regulation controller；Described print the distance regulation temperature information that detected according to temperature detecting unit of controller and pass through Control the distance that described shower nozzle exports between horizontal stamp pad by described printing distance adjusting means to be adjusted, make current In the described shape layer of the most printed next one, the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area is not higher than 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece to be formed；
Plasma generator described in step 401 and step 4022 is Tong Bu with described wire feeder to be moved in the horizontal plane During, processed silk material is sent by described wire feeder continuously, is produced by described plasma beam system of processing simultaneously The melting end of processed silk material is melted by beam-plasma, and the molten melt drop that the fusing of described melting end is formed is continuous the most also Form liquid stream；Described liquid stream is distributed in described beam-plasma, the plasma beam of the melted liquid stream of band in being formed；
Step 403, step 402 is repeated several times, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers of workpiece to be formed.
Said method, is characterized in that: before the most successively printing in step 4, and data described in step one process and set Standby first according to the material fusing point pre-build and print range data storehouse, and combine by parameter input unit pre-enter each The Material Name of the printed material of plasma beam processing unit (plant), enters the basis printing distance of each plasma beam processing unit (plant) Row determines；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；
In described material fusing point and printing range data storehouse, storage has the material fusing point of various material and prints range information, The material fusing point of every kind of described material and printing range information all include that the title of this kind of material, fusing point and basis print distance； It is 5mm～1000mm that described basis prints distance, and material fusing point is the highest, and it is the nearest that basis prints distance；
Step 401 use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) to described in one of current institute printing shaping layer Before print zone prints, the printing distance regulation controller of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is according to distance detector unit institute Detection range information and by control described printing distance adjusting means by between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad of described shower nozzle Distance be adjusted to described basis print distance；Further, step 401 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) to carry out printed Cheng Zhong, the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad of described shower nozzle is that described basis prints distance；
Step 4022 uses any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute to current institute printing shaping layer Stating before print zone prints, the printing distance regulation controller of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is according to distance detector unit The range information that detected also combines moving down number of times and moving down height every time of horizontal stamp pad, and by controlling institute State print distance adjusting means by the upper surface of the outlet of described shower nozzle and the currently the most printed described shape layer of the next one it Between distance be adjusted to described basis print distance；Step 4022 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) carry out print procedure In, described shower nozzle is exported the distance between horizontal stamp pad when being adjusted, described printing distance regulation controller root The temperature information that detected according to temperature detecting unit also combines range information that distance detector unit detected to described shower nozzle Distance between outlet and horizontal stamp pad is adjusted, and makes this plasma in the most printed described shape layer of the next one The upper surface temperature of beam current machining device institute print area controls to melt in the material of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) printed material Between 0.1 times～0.6 times of point；Further, described shower nozzle is exported the distance between horizontal stamp pad when being adjusted, adjust Joint amplitude is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is the highest, and the amplitude of accommodation is the least；
In step 401 and step 4022 the described plasma generator of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) with Described wire feeder synchronizes in the horizontal plane in moving process, and the wire feed rate of described processed silk material is 0.1m/min～10m/ Min, a diameter of 0.02mm～10mm of described processed silk material；The diameter of described processed silk material is the biggest, and wire feed rate is the slowest； And the material fusing point of processed silk material is the highest, wire feed rate is the slowest；
Before step 4 the most successively prints, by the processed silk material of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Melting end and horizontal stamp pad between distance be all adjusted to wire feed height set in advance, described wire feed height be 5mm～ 1000mm；In step 4 the most successively in print procedure, the processed silk material of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Melting end height constant.
Said method, is characterized in that: the quantity of described horizontal stamp pad is multiple, and multiple described horizontal stamp pads are respectively Print platform and its for the printing of multiple workpiece to be formed are respectively positioned in same level；Bottom each described horizontal stamp pad all Being provided with electric walking mechanism, multiple described print platforms are respectively positioned on below described plasma beam system of processing, and multiple institute State that to be positioned at the print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing in print platform be platform to be controlled；
Described monitoring system also includes the walking being respectively controlled the electric walking mechanism of multiple described print platforms Controller and multiple walking position detector unit respectively walking position of multiple described print platforms detected in real time, institute State position adjustment controller the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms is respectively controlled；Multiple institutes Electric walking mechanism and the multiple described walking position detector unit of stating print platform are all connected with traveling controller, multiple described The described stamp pad position regulator of print platform is all connected with position adjustment controller；
When step one carries out workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed acquisition and hierarchy slicing process, treat into described in multiple Type workpiece carries out three-dimensional stereo model acquisition respectively and hierarchy slicing processes；Wherein, workpiece to be formed any one described is carried out When three-dimensional stereo model obtains and hierarchy slicing processes, all use data handling equipment and call image processing module and obtain this and treat The three-dimensional stereo model of shaping workpiece, recalls hierarchy slicing module and is layered the three-dimensional stereo model of this workpiece to be formed Section, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional images of this workpiece to be formed；
The height of multiple workpiece to be formed is the most identical；The three-dimensional stereo model of multiple described workpiece to be formed is layered During section, lift height the most identical and obtained layering cross-sectional image quantity the most identical；
When step 2 is scanned path filling, multiple described workpiece to be formed are scanned at the filling of path respectively Reason；Wherein, workpiece to be formed any one described is scanned path filling when processing, all use described data handling equipment and Call described image processing module, the multiple described layering cross-sectional image of this workpiece to be formed obtained in step one is entered respectively Row processes, and completes the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that the scanning road in multiple described layering cross sections Footpath；
When step 3 carries out printing path acquisition, described data handling equipment is used to obtain respectively multiple described to be formed The printing path of workpiece；Wherein, when obtaining the printing path of any one described workpiece to be formed, the equal root of described data handling equipment Scanning pattern according to the multiple described layering cross section of this workpiece to be formed obtained in step 2, it is thus achieved that this workpiece to be formed is many The printing path in individual described layering cross section, and the printing path in each described layering cross section all with the scanning pattern in this layering cross section Identical；
When step 4 the most successively prints, to multiple described workpiece to be formed synchronize carry out from the bottom to top by Layer prints；
Step 401 is carried out bottom print time and step 402 in carry out last layer print print time, all use described grade from Sub-line system of processing is printed respectively by elder generation to the rear current institute printing shaping layer to multiple described workpiece to be formed；Treat many After the current institute printing shaping layer of individual described workpiece to be formed has all printed, upper to multiple described workpiece to be formed Shape layer prints respectively；
Wherein, the described plasma beam system of processing current institute printing shaping to workpiece to be formed any one described is used When layer prints, first pass through traveling controller and the electric walking mechanism of multiple described print platforms is respectively controlled, will Described print platform for the printing of this workpiece to be formed moves to the underface of described plasma beam system of processing；Now, it is positioned at Described print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing is platform to be controlled；Afterwards, then use described plasma The current institute printing shaping layer of this workpiece to be formed is printed by line system of processing.
Said method, is characterized in that: described wire feeder includes that top is wound with the wire tray of processed silk material, to processed Silk material carries out the wire feeder carried and the wire feed drive mechanism being driven described wire feeder, and described wire feeder is positioned at It is connected inside wire tray and with described wire feeder；Described wire tray is coaxially mounted in rotating shaft and can rotate around described rotating shaft；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device the most also includes being controlled described plasma generator Detection of gas flow rate unit that plasma generator controller, gas flow to air supply pipe detect in real time, on air supply pipe Gas flow controller that the flow control valve installed is controlled, the wire feed rate of processed silk material is detected in real time Speed detection unit and the wire feed rate controller that wire feed drive mechanism is controlled, described speed detection unit and wire feed speed Degree controller connects, and described plasma generator controller is connected with described plasma generator, described detection of gas flow rate list Unit is connected with gas flow controller, and described distance detector unit is connected with gas flow controller；
Before the most successively printing in step 4, the first basis of data handling equipment described in step one pre-builds Gas flow and wire feed rate data base, and combine the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, the base gas to air supply pipe The wire feed rate of flow and described wire feeder is determined；
Described gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain the wire feed speed needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness Degree and base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 5ml/min～500ml/min, and the wire feed speed of described wire feeder Spending the biggest, described base gas flow is the biggest；
In step 401 and step 4022 the described plasma generator of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) with Described wire feeder synchronizes in the horizontal plane in moving process, the described speed detection unit wire feed rate to described wire feeder Detecting in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to wire feed rate controller, described wire feed rate controller is according in advance The wire feed rate of the described wire feeder determined also combines the detected information of speed detection unit and controls wire feed drive mechanism System, the wire feed rate making described wire feeder is all identical with predetermined wire feed rate；
Before in step 401, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) prints, described gas flow controller According to the detected information of detection of gas flow rate unit and by controlling flow control valve, the gas flow of air supply pipe is adjusted to institute State base gas flow；In step 401 in any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) print procedure, the gas of described air supply pipe Body flow is described base gas flow；
In step 4022, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) carries out printing and synchronizing in temperature control process, described gas Body flow controller is according to the detected information of detection of gas flow rate unit and combines distance detector unit institute detecting distance information, and By controlling flow control valve, the gas flow of air supply pipe is carried out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the outlet of described shower nozzle is beaten with level Distance between ink pad is the biggest, and the gas flow of described air supply pipe is the biggest.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment simple in construction that used, reasonable in design and input cost is relatively low, It is convenient that processing and fabricating and installation are laid.
2, the constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment used is without airtight forming room, and need not protective atmosphere Or vacuum environment, Workpiece shaping process is directly carried out under atmospheric environment.Thus, structure is very simple, and forming part chi Very little unrestricted, equipment price is relatively low.
3, printed material (the most processed silk material) supply of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment energy source etc. from In son bundle (the drop plasma beam of material), it is not necessary to the moulding cylinder system of paving powder need not spread powder system, it is only necessary to one is sent Silk device, structure significantly simplifies.
4, the constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment used uses easy and simple to handle, intelligence degree and shaping efficiency Height, using effect are good, and the quality of institute's shaping workpiece is high.The monitoring system used includes carrying out stamp pad position regulator The position adjustment controller that controls, treat temperature detecting unit that molding workpiece surface temperature detects in real time, to shower nozzle Outlet and horizontal stamp pad between the distance detector unit that detects in real time of distance and enter printing distance adjusting means The printing distance regulation controller that row controls, position adjustment controller is connected with stamp pad position regulator, prints distance and adjusts Joint controller is connected with printing distance adjusting means, and temperature detecting unit and distance detector unit all control apart from regulation with printing Device connects；Temperature detecting unit forms temperature control device with printing distance regulation controller.During actually used, temperature is adjusted Printing distance regulation controller in Ore-controlling Role is carried out printing distance adjusting means according to the detected information of temperature detecting unit Control so that print distance energy Automatic adjusument, so can prevent because printing hypotelorism causes the molding printed Layer occurs the problem of fusing again, and also can prevent relatively low, the melted liquid stream of formed precision caused because printing hypertelorism from spraying Before next printable layer upper surface, there is the problems such as solidification so that forming process is easily controllable, and realize conveniently, energy simultaneously Effectively prevent surface of the work from aoxidizing, thus without arranging airtight vacuum environment.It addition, the monitoring system used also is wrapped Including gas flow Automatic adjusument and wire feed rate Automatic adjusument function, intelligence degree is high.
5, the energy source that constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment uses is beam-plasma, and beam-plasma power is up to number Ten kilowatts, metal, pottery, resin and other composite can be melted, it is achieved the 3D of above-mentioned material part prints.Produce wait from Plasma generator (specifically plasma gun) simple in construction of son bundle, operation expense is low, and equipment cost is low.
6, the molten melt drop of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment institute printed material is in plasma beam, plasma Shu Benshen has protective effect, adds the effect of working gas, can effectively prevent the oxidation of printed material, and this equipment need not Protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, directly use under atmospheric environment, have that device structure is simple, operating cost is low, forming part The advantages such as size is unrestricted.
7, constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment uses wire feeder that processed silk material is delivered to beam-plasma continuously In, printed material low cost.
8, when constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment prints, materials behavior is become solid-state, technical process letter by settable liquid Change, reduce technology difficulty and cost that 3D prints.Meanwhile, working gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas) Effect under, the melting end of processed silk material heats in beam-plasma and is fused into molten condition and forms small drop, molten Molten melt drop after change continuously and forms liquid stream and sprays in the lump with beam-plasma, the beam-plasma of the melted liquid stream of band in being formed Stream；Due to processed silk material through fusing after formed melted liquid stream with beam-plasma spray after, formed in band printed material melt The microstream of liquid stream, forms casting type molding, it is to avoid the rounded constrictions phenomenon produced during molten drop cooled and solidified molding, part power Performance is high, and smooth surface reduces the technology difficulty of rapid shaping.
9, the plasma beam system of processing used includes multiple plasma beam processing unit (plant), and is correspondingly arranged many Individual plasma beam processing supervising device, carries out synchronous processing by multiple plasma beam processing unit (plant)s to workpiece, can be effective Improve the shaping efficiency of workpiece.The forming process of the workpiece be particularly suited for large-size workpiece, being made up of multiple different materials.Many The printed material of individual plasma beam processing unit (plant) can be the most identical, it is also possible to all differs, and uses mode of operation the most flexible.
10, the quantity of used print platform is one or more.When the quantity of print platform is multiple, use operation Simplicity, intelligence degree are high and using effect is good, can synchronously complete the 3D print procedure of multiple workpiece, and production efficiency significantly carries Height, and multiple print platform by travelling control alternately mobile to print area (i.e. plasma beam system of processing just under Side), the process that controls is simple, it is convenient to realize, and the Forming Quality of multiple workpiece can be effectively controlled.Multiple workpiece to be formed were both Can be the identical workpiece that structure is the most identical with size, it is also possible to multiple different workpieces that to be structure all differ with size, make Very flexible by mode, it is particularly suited for high-volume work pieces process.
11, the constituency plasma founding quick molding method step used is simple, reasonable in design and realizes convenient, use Effective, beam-plasma has protective effect, it is not necessary to protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, directly carries out beating under atmospheric environment Print.Further, printed material supplies in energy source beam-plasma (the melted liquid stream plasma beam of material), it is not necessary to paving powder Moulding cylinder system.During printing, materials behavior is become solid-state by settable liquid, and technical process simplifies, and reduces the technique difficulty that 3D prints Degree and cost, and it is the most size-limited to print part.As shown in the above, the present invention is to traditional plasma surfacing side Method is substantially improved, and existing plasma surfacing method is generally individually provided with plasma arc voltage Height-adjusting device, plasma gun with The distance of surface of the work is not more than 15mm, and the scope of application is limited.And in the present invention, print distance can on a large scale in adjust Joint, adapts to unlike material and prints demand, and Workpiece shaping quality can be effectively ensured.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of constituency of the present invention plasma founding rapid forming equipment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of monitoring system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of air inlet ring of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of air inlet ring body of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the FB(flow block) of constituency of the present invention plasma founding quick molding method.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Description of reference numerals:
1 feeder；2 processed materials；3 workpiece to be formed；
4 horizontal stamp pads；5 air supply pipes；6 wire trays；
7 plasma generator controllers；8 distance detector units；9 temperature detecting units；
10 print distance regulation controller；11 detection of gas flow rate unit；
12 gas flow controllers；13 plasma guns；13-1 gun body；
13-2 anode nozzle；13-3 negative electrode；13-4 arc chamber；
13-5 spout；13-6 insulating barrier；14 wire feed drive mechanisms；
15 position adjustment controllers；16 three axis numerically controlled machines；About 17 adjusting apparatus；
18 speed detection unit；19 wire pushing rollers；20 wire feed rate controllers；
21 air inlet rings；21-1 air inlet ring body；21-2 annular sealing cover；
21-3 annular air inlet duct；Air inlet outside 21-4；Air inlet inside 21-5；
22 three-dimensional regulation supports；22-1 X-axis travel mechanism；
22-2 Y-axis moving mechanism；23 PCs；24 move horizontally controller；
25 electric walking mechanisms；26 traveling controllers；
27 walking position detector units；28 line slideways；29 flow control valves；
30 plasma beam processing supervising devices.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment as shown in Figure 1, it is characterised in that: by monitoring system, etc. from Sub-line system of processing and the horizontal stamp pad 4 placed for workpiece 3 to be formed form.
Described plasma beam system of processing includes that multiple plasma beam processing unit (plant), multiple described plasma beams add The structure that frock is put is the most identical.
Each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is by being provided with shower nozzle and for producing the plasma of beam-plasma Generator, provide the feeder 1 of working gas for described plasma generator, for sending processed silk material 2 continuously Wire feeder and the print position adjusting apparatus composition that print position is adjusted, described plasma generator and described send Silk device is respectively positioned on above horizontal stamp pad 4, and described wire feeder is positioned at described plasma generator side；Described supply dress Put 1 to be connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe 5；The outer end of described processed silk material 2 is Melting end, described melting end is positioned at below the outlet of described shower nozzle and it is positioned on the central axis of described beam-plasma；Described Print position adjusting apparatus includes driving that described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder to be moved in the horizontal plane Dynamic horizontally moving device and the described plasma generator of drive, the shifting Tong Bu with described horizontally moving device of described wire feeder Move and tackle mutually the printing distance adjusting means that the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 is adjusted, institute State plasma generator and described wire feeder is installed on described horizontally moving device, and described horizontally moving device peace It is contained in described printing distance adjusting means.Described processed silk material 2 is printed material.
As it is shown on figure 3, described monitoring system includes multiple being monitored described plasma beam processing unit (plant) respectively Plasma beam processing supervising device 30, the quantity of described plasma beam processing supervising device 30 adds with described plasma beam In work system, the quantity of included plasma beam processing unit (plant) is identical, multiple described plasma beams processing supervising device 30 points It is not connected with multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s；The structure of described plasma beam processing supervising device 30 is the most identical.
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device 30 all includes waiting monitored plasma beam processing unit (plant) Temperature detecting unit 9 that at print position on shaping workpiece 3, temperature detects in real time, described horizontally moving device is carried out Control moves horizontally controller 24, described shower nozzle is exported what the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 detected in real time Distance detector unit 8 and the printing distance regulation controller 10 that described printing distance adjusting means is controlled, described distance Detector unit 8 is connected with printing distance regulation controller 10, described in move horizontally controller 24 with described horizontally moving device even Connecing, the described distance regulation controller 10 that prints is connected with described printing distance adjusting means；Described temperature detecting unit 9 and printing Distance regulation controller 10 connects and the temperature control device of the two monitored plasma beam processing unit (plant) of composition.
In the present embodiment, described horizontally moving device includes driving described plasma generator same with described wire feeder Step carries out X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 and the described plasma generator of drive and the described wire feed moved horizontally in the X-axis direction Device synchronizes Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2 carrying out in the Y-axis direction moving horizontally, thus described horizontally moving device is X-Y axle Mobile device.
Further, described plasma generator and described wire feeder are installed in Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2, described Y Axle travel mechanism 22-2 is arranged on X-axis travel mechanism 22-1, and described X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 is arranged on the described distance that prints and adjusts On regulating device.During actually used, described plasma generator is driven to fill with described wire feed by Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2 Put synchronization to move horizontally in the Y-axis direction, by X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 drive Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2, described etc. from Daughter generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder to be moved horizontally in the X-axis direction, and prints distance regulation by described Device drives described horizontally moving device, described plasma generator Tong Bu with described wire feeder at described beam-plasma Move on central axis.
In the present embodiment, described Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2, X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 and described printing distance adjusting means Composition drives described plasma generator (specifically plasma gun 13) Tong Bu to carry out three-dimensional motion with described wire feeder Mechanical hand.
In the present embodiment, each described plasma beam processing supervising device 30 the most also includes described plasma The detection of gas flow rate list that plasma generator controller 7 that device is controlled, gas flow to air supply pipe 5 detect in real time Unit 11 and the gas flow controller 12 being controlled the flow control valve 25 installed on air supply pipe 5, described plasma occurs Controller 7 is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit 11 is connected with gas flow controller 12.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described plasma generator includes that plasma gun 13, described shower nozzle are plasma gun 13 front end Anode nozzle 13-2；Described plasma gun 13 includes having gun body 13-1 of described air inlet, being positioned at gun body 13-1 dead ahead Anode nozzle 13-2 and the negative electrode 13-3 being plugged in gun body 13-1, described anode nozzle 13-2 are positioned on front side of negative electrode 13-3, institute State arc chamber 13-4 and be positioned on front side of negative electrode 13-3 and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle 13-2, described anode nozzle 13-2's Front inner is spout 13-5；Described anode nozzle 13-2, negative electrode 13-3 and arc chamber 13-4 are all coaxial cloth with gun body 13-1 If；Described air inlet is positioned on rear side of gun body 13-1, described spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 in coaxial lay or with described gun body 13- Angle between 1 central axis is 30 °～45 °.
Time actually used, described plasma gun 13 is arranged in Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2.
Time actually used, described plasma gun 13 can also use other plasma gun of routine.
In the present embodiment, between described anode nozzle 13-2 and gun body 13-1, it is provided with insulating barrier 13-6.
In the present embodiment, as in figure 2 it is shown, described spout 13-5 lays in coaxial with gun body 13-1.
In the present embodiment, described air supply pipe 5 is by the air inlet opened on air inlet ring 21 and described plasma generator Connect.Further, uniformly supplied in described plasma generator by air inlet ring 21.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, described air inlet ring 21 for annular and it include that air inlet ring body 21-1 and lid are contained in air inlet Annular sealing cover 21-2 on ring body 21-1, described air inlet ring body 21-1 are to have a ring on annular and its medial wall Shape air inlet duct 21-3, described air inlet ring body 21-1 has an outside air inlet 21-4 connected with air supply pipe 5 and its in Side has multiple inner side air inlet 21-5, and multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5 the most uniformly lay and it is respectively positioned on ring Inside shape air inlet duct 21-3, described outside air inlet 21-4 is positioned at outside annular air inlet duct 21-3, described outside air inlet 21-4 All communicate with inside annular air inlet duct 21-3 with multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5.
Further, described gun body 13-1 along the circumferential direction has multiple communicate with multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5 respectively Gun body air inlet.
During plasma gun 13 as shown in Figure 2 uses, in described arc chamber 13-4, produce plasma, produced Plasma forms beam-plasma and sprays through spout 13-5.
In the present embodiment, described working gas is noble gas or H2 gas.
Wherein, noble gas is Ar gas, He gas and N2 gas.
In the present embodiment, described horizontal stamp pad 4 is be arranged on stamp pad position regulator and can move up and down Mobile platform.
Described monitoring system also includes the position adjustment controller 15 being controlled described stamp pad position regulator, Described position adjustment controller 15 is connected with described stamp pad position regulator.
In the present embodiment, described stamp pad position regulator is three axis numerically controlled machine 16.
Further, described position adjustment controller 15 is the controller of three axis numerically controlled machine 16.
Time actually used, described stamp pad position regulator can also use other can complete X, Y and three directions of Z axis The vertically movable device that the device of motion or energy in the vertical direction move up and down.
During actually used, described horizontal stamp pad 4 can also use the fixed fixed platform in position.
During actually used, between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces Angle be not more than 45 °；Described printing distance adjusting means is to carry out described shower nozzle along the central axis of described beam-plasma Adjusting apparatus 17 up and down adjusted up and down, described distance detector unit 8 is from described to the central axis along described beam-plasma The distance detection device that the distance exported between horizontal stamp pad 4 of shower nozzle detects in real time.
In the present embodiment, described upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17 is Z-direction adjusting apparatus.
Further, described upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17 is telescopic hydraulic cylinder.
In the present embodiment, the central axis of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces is in vertically to laying.Real When border uses, can according to specific needs, central axis and the vertical plane to the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces Between angle adjust accordingly.
In the present embodiment, described wire feeder includes that top is wound with the wire tray 6 of processed silk material 2, to processed silk material 2 Carrying out the wire feeder carried and the wire feed drive mechanism 14 being driven described wire feeder, described wire feeder is positioned at silk It is connected inside dish 6 and with described wire feeder；Described wire tray 6 is coaxially mounted in rotating shaft and can rotate around described rotating shaft.
In the present embodiment, described Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2, X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 and described printing distance adjusting means Composition three-dimensional regulation support 22.Time actually used, by three-dimensional regulation support 22 respectively in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction to quilt The wire feed direction of processed filament material 2 and the position of plasma gun 13 are adjusted.
In the present embodiment, described wire feeder is wire pushing roller 19, described wire pushing roller 19 include active roller group and from Dynamic roller group, described active roller group includes that two are driven by wire feed drive mechanism 14 and active that rotation direction is contrary Roller, described return idler group includes that two rotation directions are contrary and lays respectively at the return idler of processed silk material 2 both sides, institute Stating active roller group and be positioned at described return idler group side, two described active rollers lay respectively at processed silk material 2 both sides.
In the present embodiment, described wire feed drive mechanism 14 is motor.During actually used, by changing described step Enter the rotating speed of motor, the wire feed rate of described wire feeder is carried out simplicity, quickly adjusts.
Further, the wire feed rate of described wire feeder is at the uniform velocity.
During actual installation, described wire tray 6, described wire feeder and wire feed drive mechanism 14 are installed in Y-axis moving mechanism On 22-2.
In the present embodiment, each described plasma beam processing supervising device 30 the most also includes sending processed silk material 2 The silk speed detection unit 18 that detects in real time of speed and the wire feed rate controller that wire feed drive mechanism 14 is controlled 20, described speed detection unit 18 is connected with wire feed rate controller 20.
Time actually used, the quantity of described horizontal stamp pad 4 is one or more.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described horizontal stamp pad 4 is multiple, and multiple described horizontal stamp pads 4 are respectively for many Individual workpiece to be formed 3 print print platform and its be respectively positioned in same level；All pacify bottom each described horizontal stamp pad 4 Equipped with electric walking mechanism 25, multiple described print platforms are respectively positioned on below described plasma beam system of processing, and multiple institute State that to be positioned at the print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing in print platform be platform to be controlled.
As it is shown on figure 3, described monitoring system also includes entering the electric walking mechanism 25 of multiple described print platforms respectively The traveling controller 26 of row control and multiple walking respectively walking position of multiple described print platforms detected in real time Position detection unit 27, the described position adjustment controller 15 described stamp pad position regulator to multiple described print platforms It is respectively controlled；The electric walking mechanism 25 of multiple described print platforms and multiple described walking position detector unit 27 all with Traveling controller 26 connects, the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms all with position adjustment controller 15 Connect.
Meanwhile, constituency of the present invention plasma founding rapid forming equipment also includes that a multiple described printing of confession is put down The walking track of electric walking mechanism 25 walking of platform, the electric walking mechanism 25 of multiple described print platforms is respectively positioned on described row Walking on track, described electric walking mechanism 25 is to drive described print platform to carry out the walking moved forward and backward along described walking track Mechanism；The horizontal stamp pad 4 of multiple described print platforms is laid from front to back along the length direction of described walking track.
In the present embodiment, described walking track is the line slideway 28 laid in level.Time actually used, described walking rail Road can also use other type of track or chute.Further, the horizontal stamp pad 4 of multiple described print platforms is all laid in same On one straight line.
Time actually used, described walking track can also use the rails such as arc, circle, ellipse, fold-line-shaped, square shape Road.
In the present embodiment, the structure of multiple described print platforms is the most identical with size.
Further, the electric walking mechanism 25 of each described print platform all include multiple be arranged on described stamp pad position adjust The electric walking travelling wheel moved forward and backward bottom engagement positions and is carried out along described walking track.
In the present embodiment, the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms is three axis numerically controlled machine 16。
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described print platform is two.
Time actually used, can according to specific needs the quantity of described print platform be adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, described monitoring system also includes multiple horizontal stamp pad 4 to multiple described print platforms respectively The stamp pad displacement monitor that is monitored of displacement, each described stamp pad position monitoring device all includes respectively to level The first displacement detecting unit that the stamp pad 4 displacement in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction detects in real time, the second displacement detecting Unit and triple motion detector unit, described first displacement detecting unit, the second displacement detecting unit and triple motion detection are single Unit is all connected with position adjustment controller 15.
During physical cabling, multiple described plasma beams processing supervising device 30 all connects with described data handling equipment. For plasma beam processing supervising device 30 any one described, described plasma generator controller 7, gas flow control Device 12, position adjustment controller 15, printing distance regulate controller 10, powder feeding flow controller 20 and move horizontally controller 24 All connecting with described data handling equipment, described data handling equipment is PC 23.Described feeder 1 is opened by PC 23 Stop controlling.
Further, multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s can share a feeder 1, it is also possible to is respectively adopted one Individual described feeder 1.
In the present embodiment, each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) the most also include respectively to Y-axis moving mechanism 22-2 at Y Horizontal displacement on direction of principal axis, to X-axis travel mechanism 22-1 horizontal displacement in the X-axis direction and upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17 is existed The 4th displacement detecting unit, the 5th displacement detecting unit and the 6th displacement that horizontal displacement in Z-direction detects in real time Detector unit, described 4th displacement detecting unit, the 5th displacement detecting unit and the 6th displacement detecting unit all with move horizontally Controller 24 connects.
A kind of constituency plasma founding quick molding method as shown in Figure 6, comprises the following steps:
Step one, workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: use data handling equipment and tune Obtain the three-dimensional stereo model of workpiece 3 to be formed with image processing module, recall hierarchy slicing module and treat shaping workpiece 3 Three-dimensional stereo model carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtains multiple layering cross-sectional image；
Multiple described layering cross-sectional images be treat obtain after the three-dimensional stereo model of shaping workpiece 3 carries out hierarchy slicing many The image in individual layering cross section, multiple described layering cross sections are the most uniformly laid；Each described point of described workpiece to be formed 3 Layer cross section is all divided into multiple print zone being carried out by multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s respectively and printing；
Step 2, scanning pattern are filled: use data handling equipment and call described image processing module, in step one Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are respectively processed, and complete the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, obtain Obtain the scanning pattern in multiple described layering cross sections；
The scanning pattern in each described layering cross section all includes the scanning road of the multiple described print zone on this layering cross section Footpath；
Step 3, printing path obtain: described data handling equipment is cut according to the multiple described layering obtained in step 2 The scanning pattern in face, it is thus achieved that the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections；The printing path in each described layering cross section all with should The scanning pattern in layering cross section is identical, and the printing path in each described layering cross section all includes the multiple institutes on this layering cross section State the printing path of print zone；
Step 4, the most successively printing: according to the printing path in the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, The most successively treat shaping workpiece 3 to print, it is thus achieved that the finished workpart stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers； The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, and the installation position of multiple described shape layers is respectively The most identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness, the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two Distance between described layering cross section is identical, and in step 3, the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections is respectively multiple described one-tenth The printing path of type layer；Treating shaping workpiece 3 when printing, process is as follows:
Step 401, bottom print: according to the printing path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, use Described plasma beam system of processing is treated the current institute printing shaping layer of shaping workpiece 3 and is printed；Use described plasma When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by line system of processing, multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is used to synchronize right The multiple described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer prints respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) that one described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is entered When row prints, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller 24 according to acquired currently being printed in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in shape layer, is controlled described horizontally moving device and drives described plasma generator Tong Bu with described wire feeder move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder at water In plane in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto level continuously and beats by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On ink pad 4；After melted liquid stream (specifically flowing to the melted liquid stream on horizontal stamp pad 4) all solidifies, complete currently to be printed The print procedure of shape layer；
In this step, current institute printing shaping layer is the shape layer being positioned at bottommost in multiple described shape layer；
Step 402, last layer print, and comprise the following steps:
Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down: horizontal stamp pad 4 in the vertical direction is once moved down and to Move down dynamic height identical with the thickness of described shape layer；
Step 4022, print and synchronize temperature control: according to the print path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3 Footpath, the current institute printing shaping layer using described plasma beam system of processing to treat shaping workpiece 3 prints；Use described When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by plasma beam system of processing, use multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Synchronize the multiple described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is printed respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) that one described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer is entered When row prints, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller 24 according to acquired currently being printed in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in shape layer, is controlled described horizontally moving device and drives described plasma generator Tong Bu with described wire feeder move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder at water In plane in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and has been sprayed onto continuously the most by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On the upper surface of the described shape layer of the printed next one；Liquid stream to be melted (specifically flow to the most printed next one Melted liquid stream on the upper surface of described shape layer) all solidification after, complete the printing of this print zone in current institute printing shaping layer Process；In print procedure, by temperature detecting unit 9 to this beam-plasma in the most printed described shape layer of the next one The upper surface temperature of stream processing unit (plant) institute print area detects and by detected temperature information synchronous driving in real time to printing Distance regulation controller 10；Further, by the outlet to described shower nozzle of the distance detector unit 8 of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) And the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 detects in real time, and the range information synchronous driving detected is adjusted to printing distance Joint controller 10；Described print the distance regulation temperature information that detected according to temperature detecting unit 9 of controller 10 and by control Make the distance that described shower nozzle exports between horizontal stamp pad 4 by described printing distance adjusting means to be adjusted, make current In the described shape layer of the most printed next one, the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area is not higher than 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece 3 to be formed；
Plasma generator described in step 401 and step 4022 is Tong Bu with described wire feeder to be moved in the horizontal plane During, processed silk material 2 is sent by described wire feeder continuously, is produced by described plasma beam system of processing simultaneously The melting end of processed silk material 2 is melted by beam-plasma, and the molten melt drop that the fusing of described melting end is formed is continuous And form liquid stream；Described liquid stream is distributed in described beam-plasma, the plasma beam of the melted liquid stream of band in being formed；
Step 403, step 402 is repeated several times, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers of workpiece 3 to be formed.
During actually used, described wire feeder is synchronous wire feeding device.Further, described melted liquid stream is in described work Under the effect of gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas), the central axis along described beam-plasma moves.
Interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto level continuously by plasma beam system of processing described in step 401 Time on stamp pad 4, the melted liquid stream of interior band synchronizes to flow on horizontal stamp pad 4.Plasma beam described in step 4022 is processed Interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto the upper surface of the most printed described shape layer of the next one continuously by system Time upper, the melted liquid stream of interior band synchronizes to flow on the upper surface of the most printed described shape layer of the next one.
In the present embodiment, before step 4 the most successively prints, the root of data handling equipment elder generation described in step one According to the material fusing point pre-build and printing range data storehouse, and combine each plasma pre-entered by parameter input unit The Material Name of the printed material of beam current machining device, is carried out really the basis printing distance of each plasma beam processing unit (plant) Fixed；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；
In described material fusing point and printing range data storehouse, storage has the material fusing point of various material and prints range information, The material fusing point of every kind of described material and printing range information all include that the title of this kind of material, fusing point and basis print distance； It is 5mm～1000mm that described basis prints distance, and material fusing point is the highest, and it is the nearest that basis prints distance；
Step 401 use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) to described in one of current institute printing shaping layer Before print zone prints, the printing distance regulation controller 10 of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is according to distance detector unit 8 range informations detected and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 Between distance be adjusted to described basis print distance；Further, step 401 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) to carry out beating During print, the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad 4 of described shower nozzle is that described basis prints distance；
Step 4022 uses any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute to current institute printing shaping layer Stating before print zone prints, the printing distance regulation controller 10 of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is single according to distance detection First 8 range informations detected also combine moving down number of times and moving down height every time of horizontal stamp pad 4, and by control Make the described printing distance adjusting means upper table by the outlet of described shower nozzle with the most printed described shape layer of the next one Distance between face is adjusted to described basis and prints distance；Step 4022 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) print During, described shower nozzle being exported the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 when being adjusted, described printing distance regulation controls Temperature information that device 10 is detected according to temperature detecting unit 9 also combines range information that distance detector unit 8 detected to institute The distance stated between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad 4 of shower nozzle is adjusted, and makes the most printed described shape layer of the next one In the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area control to print material at this plasma beam processing unit (plant) Between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point of material；Further, the distance exported described shower nozzle between horizontal stamp pad 4 is entered During row regulation, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is the highest, and the amplitude of accommodation is the least.
In the present embodiment, before step 4 the most successively prints, the root of data handling equipment elder generation described in step one According to the gas flow pre-build and wire feed rate data base, and combine the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, to supply The base gas flow of pipe 5 and the wire feed rate of described wire feeder are determined；
Described gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain the wire feed speed needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness Degree and base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 5ml/min～500ml/min, and the wire feed speed of described wire feeder Spending the biggest, described base gas flow is the biggest；
In step 401 and step 4022 the described plasma generator of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) with Described wire feeder synchronizes in the horizontal plane in moving process, the described speed detection unit 18 wire feed speed to described wire feeder Degree detects in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to wire feed rate controller 20, described wire feed rate controller 20 According to the wire feed rate of predetermined described wire feeder and combine 18 detection information of speed detection unit wire feed is driven machine Structure 14 is controlled, and the wire feed rate making described wire feeder is all identical with predetermined wire feed rate；
Before in step 401, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) prints, described gas flow controller 12 according to the detected information of detection of gas flow rate unit 11 and by controlling flow control valve 29 by the gas flow tune of air supply pipe 5 Whole for described base gas flow；In step 401 in any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) print procedure, described supply The gas flow of pipe 5 is described base gas flow；
In step 4022, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) carries out printing and synchronizing in temperature control process, described gas Body flow controller 12 is according to 11 detection information of detection of gas flow rate unit and combines 8 detecting distance letters of distance detector unit Breath, and by controlling flow control valve 29, the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is carried out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the outlet of described shower nozzle And the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 is the biggest, the gas flow of described air supply pipe 5 is the biggest.
In the present embodiment, when obtaining the three-dimensional stereo model of described workpiece to be formed 3, utilize pro/e, UG, CATIA etc. three Dimension graphics software designs the three-dimensional stereo model (i.e. three-dimensional entity model) of workpiece 3 to be formed, then by described hierarchy slicing Module carries out hierarchy slicing to this three-dimensional stereo model, and obtains the outline data in each cross section, outline data generate filling and sweep Retouch path, the corresponding printing path (printing path in the most each layering cross section) obtaining described plasma beam system of processing.Thus, Method employed in step one and step 2, uses with conventional laser selective melting molding or electron beam selective melting molding Method is identical.Afterwards, described three axis numerically controlled machine 16 carries out X and Y direction in the horizontal plane according to the printing path obtained In motor process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto horizontal stamp pad continuously by described plasma beam system of processing On 4 or on the upper surface of the most printed current described shape layer of the next one；After melted liquid stream all solidifies, complete a molding The print procedure of layer；Then, described three axis numerically controlled machine 16 declines in the Z-axis direction, successively prints, thus completes 3 d part Print procedure.
In the present embodiment, in step 401 and step 4022 any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) described etc. from In daughter generator moving process in the horizontal plane synchronize with described wire feeder, the wire feed rate of described processed silk material 2 is 0.1m/min～10m/min, a diameter of 0.02mm～10mm of described processed silk material 2；The diameter of described processed silk material 2 is more Greatly, wire feed rate is the slowest；And the material fusing point of processed silk material 2 is the highest, wire feed rate is the slowest.
Distance between melting end and the print job face of described processed silk material 2 is 5mm～1000mm.Wherein, print Work surface is the plane residing for current institute printing shaping layer, between melting end and the described print job face of processed silk material 2 Distance is wire feed height.
Before step 4 the most successively prints, by the processed silk material of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Distance between melting end and the horizontal stamp pad 4 of 4 is all adjusted to wire feed height set in advance, and described wire feed height is 5mm ～1000mm；In step 4 the most successively in print procedure, the processed silk of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) The melting end height of material 2 is constant.
In step 401, the distance between melting end and the horizontal stamp pad 4 of processed silk material 2 is wire feed height, step In 4022, the distance between melting end and the most printed next one described shape layer upper surface of processed silk material 2 is for sending Silk height.
Owing to horizontal stamp pad 4 is the mobile platform being arranged on stamp pad position regulator, thus institute in step 3 The printing path in each described layering cross section obtained can also be the machining path of three axis numerically controlled machine 16, the most described etc. Ion beam current system of processing is not moved, but is moved in horizontal aspect by horizontal stamp pad 4, from And complete the print procedure of each shape layer.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described horizontal stamp pad 4 is multiple；
When step one carries out workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed acquisition and hierarchy slicing process, treat into described in multiple Type workpiece 3 carries out three-dimensional stereo model acquisition respectively and hierarchy slicing processes；Wherein, workpiece 3 to be formed any one described is entered Row three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing process time, all use data handling equipment and call image processing module obtain should The three-dimensional stereo model of workpiece 3 to be formed, recalls hierarchy slicing module and carries out the three-dimensional stereo model of this workpiece 3 to be formed Hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional images of this workpiece 3 to be formed；
The height of multiple workpiece to be formed 3 is the most identical；The three-dimensional stereo model of multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed is carried out point Layer section time, lift height the most identical and obtained be layered cross-sectional image quantity the most identical；
When step 2 is scanned path filling, multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed is scanned respectively path and fills Process；Wherein, when workpiece 3 to be formed any one described is scanned path filling process, all uses described data to process and set Standby and call described image processing module, the multiple described layering cross-sectional image to this workpiece 3 to be formed obtained in step one It is respectively processed, and completes the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that multiple described layering cross sections Scanning pattern；
When step 3 carries out printing path acquisition, described data handling equipment is used to obtain respectively multiple described to be formed The printing path of workpiece 3；Wherein, when obtaining the printing path of any one described workpiece 3 to be formed, described data handling equipment is equal The scanning pattern in the multiple described layering cross section according to this workpiece 3 to be formed obtained in step 2, it is thus achieved that this workpiece 3 to be formed The printing path in multiple described layering cross section, and the printing path in each described layering cross section all with the scanning in this layering cross section Path is identical；
When step 4 the most successively prints, synchronize to carry out from the bottom to top to multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed Successively print；
Step 401 is carried out bottom print time and step 402 in carry out last layer print print time, all use described grade from Sub-line system of processing is printed respectively by elder generation to the rear current institute printing shaping layer to multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed；Treat After the current institute printing shaping layer of multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed has all printed, then upper to multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed One shape layer prints respectively；
Wherein, use described plasma beam system of processing to being currently printed as of workpiece 3 to be formed any one described When type layer prints, first pass through traveling controller 26 and the electric walking mechanism 25 of multiple described print platforms is controlled respectively System, moves to the underface of described plasma beam system of processing by the described print platform printed for this workpiece 3 to be formed；This Time, being positioned at the described print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing is platform to be controlled；Afterwards, then use described The current institute printing shaping layer of this workpiece 3 to be formed is printed by plasma beam system of processing.
In the present embodiment, when step 401 and step 4022 print, all according to the laying of multiple described print platforms The current institute printing shaping layer of multiple described workpiece 3 to be formed from front to back or by rear to front order, is carried out by position respectively Print.
Further, the described print platform printed for this workpiece 3 to be formed is moved to by step 401 and step 4021 described etc. During the underface of ion beam current system of processing, all by the traveling controller 26 electric walking mechanism to multiple described print platforms 25 are respectively controlled, and make multiple described print platform all move along described walking track.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, as it is shown in fig. 7, the constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment used is different from embodiment 1 : described spout 13-5 lays in coaxial with powder flow paths 14.
So, after the direction of described beam-plasma being changed by spout 13-5, can effectively reduce plasma jet The thermic load impact producing anode nozzle 13-2, improves anode ablation situation.Simultaneously as spout 13-5 circulates with powder Passage 14 is laid in coaxial, thus does not interferes with the acceleration of powder, heating and fusion process, and using effect is the best.
In the present embodiment, the remainder structure of used constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, annexation and Operation principle is the most same as in Example 1.
In the present embodiment, the constituency plasma founding quick molding method used is same as in Example 1.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not impose any restrictions the present invention, every according to the present invention Any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change that above example is made by technical spirit, all still falls within skill of the present invention In the protection domain of art scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterised in that: by monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing With horizontal stamp pad (4) composition placed for workpiece to be formed (3)；
Described plasma beam system of processing includes that multiple plasma beam processing unit (plant), multiple described plasma beams add frock The structure put is the most identical；
Each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is by being provided with shower nozzle and occurring for producing the plasma of beam-plasma Device, provide the feeder (1) of working gas for described plasma generator, for sending processed silk material (2) continuously Wire feeder and the print position adjusting apparatus composition that print position is adjusted, described plasma generator and described send Silk device is respectively positioned on horizontal stamp pad (4) top, and described wire feeder is positioned at described plasma generator side；Described supply Device (1) is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe (5)；Described processed silk material (2) Outer end be melting end, described melting end is positioned at below the outlet of described shower nozzle and it is positioned at the central axis of described beam-plasma On；Described print position adjusting apparatus includes driving described plasma generator Tong Bu with described wire feeder in the horizontal plane The horizontally moving device moved and the described plasma generator of drive, described wire feeder and described horizontally moving device Synchronizing moving also tackles the printing distance regulation that the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) is adjusted mutually Device, described plasma generator and described wire feeder are installed on described horizontally moving device, and described level is moved Dynamic device is arranged in described printing distance adjusting means；
Described monitoring system includes that multiple plasma beam being monitored described plasma beam processing unit (plant) respectively is processed Supervising device (30), the quantity of described plasma beam processing supervising device (30) and institute in described plasma beam system of processing Quantity including plasma beam processing unit (plant) is identical, and multiple described plasma beams processing supervising device (30) are respectively with multiple Described plasma beam processing unit (plant) connects；The structure of described plasma beam processing supervising device (30) is the most identical；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device (30) all includes treating into monitored plasma beam processing unit (plant) Temperature detecting unit (9) that at print position on type workpiece (3), temperature detects in real time, described horizontally moving device is entered What row controlled moves horizontally controller (24), carries out the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad (4) of described shower nozzle in real time Distance detector unit (8) and the printing distance being controlled described printing distance adjusting means of detection regulate controller (10), described distance detector unit (8) with print distance regulation controller (10) be connected, described in move horizontally controller (24) and Described horizontally moving device connects, and described distance regulation controller (10) that prints is connected with described printing distance adjusting means；Institute State temperature detecting unit (9) with print distance regulation controller (10) is connected and the two composition monitored plasma beam add frock The temperature control device put.
2. according to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described plasma Angle between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that body generator produces is not more than 45 °；The described distance that prints regulates Device is the adjusting apparatus up and down (17) adjusted described shower nozzle up and down along the central axis of described beam-plasma, described away from From detector unit (8) for central axis the exporting between horizontal stamp pad (4) from described shower nozzle along described beam-plasma The distance detection device that detects in real time of distance；
Described horizontal stamp pad (4) is the mobile platform being arranged on stamp pad position regulator and moving up and down；
Described monitoring system also includes the position adjustment controller (15) being controlled described stamp pad position regulator, institute State position adjustment controller (15) to be connected with described stamp pad position regulator.
3. according to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described etc. Plasma generator includes plasma gun (13), and described shower nozzle is the anode nozzle (13-2) of plasma gun (13) front end；Described Plasma gun (13) includes having the gun body (13-1) of described air inlet, being positioned at the anode nozzle (13-of gun body (13-1) dead ahead 2) and the negative electrode (13-3) that is plugged in gun body (13-1), described anode nozzle (13-2) is positioned at negative electrode (13-3) front side, described Arc chamber (13-4) is positioned on front side of negative electrode (13-3) and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle (13-2), described anode nozzle (13-2) front inner is spout (13-5)；Described anode nozzle (13-2), negative electrode (13-3) and arc chamber (13-4) all with Gun body (13-1) is laid in coaxial；Described air inlet is positioned at gun body (13-1) rear side, described spout (13-5) and gun body (13-1) In coaxial lay or and gun body (13-1) central axis between angle be 30 °～45 °.
4. according to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that send described in: Silk device includes the wire tray (6) that top is wound with processed silk material (2), the wire feeder carrying processed silk material (2) With the wire feed drive mechanism (14) that described wire feeder is driven, described wire feeder be positioned at wire tray (6) inner side and with institute State wire feeder to connect；Described wire tray (6) is coaxially mounted in rotating shaft and can rotate around described rotating shaft；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device (30) the most also includes being controlled described plasma generator Detection of gas flow rate unit (11) that plasma generator controller (7), gas flow to air supply pipe (5) detect in real time, Gas flow controller (12) that the flow control valve (29) installed upper to air supply pipe (5) is controlled, to processed silk material (2) The speed detection unit (18) that detects in real time of wire feed rate and wire feed speed that wire feed drive mechanism (14) is controlled Degree controller (20), described speed detection unit (18) is connected with wire feed rate controller (20)；Described plasma controls Device (7) is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit (11) is with gas flow controller (12) even Connect.
5. according to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described water The quantity of flat stamp pad (4) is multiple, and multiple described horizontal stamp pads (4) are respectively and supply multiple workpiece to be formed (3) to print Print platform and its be respectively positioned in same level；Each described horizontal stamp pad (4) bottom is mounted on electric walking mechanism (25), multiple described print platforms are respectively positioned on below described plasma beam system of processing, and position in multiple described print platform Print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing is platform to be controlled；
Described monitoring system also includes the walking being respectively controlled the electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms Controller (26) and multiple walking position detection detected the walking position of multiple described print platforms in real time respectively are single Unit (27), the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms is entered by described position adjustment controller (15) respectively Row controls；The electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms and multiple described walking position detector unit (27) are all with capable Walk controller (26) connect, the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms all with position adjustment controller (15) connect.
6. according to a kind of constituency plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in claim 5, it is characterised in that: also include one The walking track walked for the electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms, the electric walking of multiple described print platforms Mechanism (25) is respectively positioned on described walking track, and described electric walking mechanism (25) is for driving described print platform along described walking Track carries out the walking mechanism moved forward and backward；The horizontal stamp pad (4) of multiple described print platforms is along the length of described walking track Degree direction is laid from front to back.
7. utilizing rapid forming equipment as claimed in claim 1 to treat the method that shaping workpiece is shaped, its feature exists In: the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: use data handling equipment and call figure As processing module obtains the three-dimensional stereo model of workpiece to be formed (3), recall hierarchy slicing module and treat shaping workpiece (3) Three-dimensional stereo model carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtains multiple layering cross-sectional image；
Multiple described layering cross-sectional images be treat obtain after the three-dimensional stereo model of shaping workpiece (3) carries out hierarchy slicing multiple The image in layering cross section, multiple described layering cross sections are the most uniformly laid；Each described point of described workpiece to be formed (3) Layer cross section is all divided into multiple print zone being carried out by multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s respectively and printing；
Step 2, scanning pattern are filled: use data handling equipment and call described image processing module, to multiple in step one Described layering cross-sectional image is respectively processed, and completes the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that many The scanning pattern in individual described layering cross section；
The scanning pattern in each described layering cross section all includes the scanning pattern of the multiple described print zone on this layering cross section；
Step 3, printing path obtain: described data handling equipment is according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 2 Scanning pattern, it is thus achieved that the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections；The printing path in each described layering cross section all with this layering The scanning pattern in cross section is identical, and the printing path in each described layering cross section multiple described beating of all including on this layering cross section The printing path in print district；
Step 4, the most successively print: according to the printing path in multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, by under Supreme shaping workpiece (3) of successively treating prints, it is thus achieved that the finished workpart stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers；Institute The quantity stating shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, the installation position of multiple described shape layers respectively with Installation position one_to_one corresponding and its thickness in multiple described layering cross sections are the most identical, the thickness of described shape layer and adjacent two institutes Stating the distance between layering cross section identical, in step 3, the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections is respectively multiple described molding The printing path of layer；Treating shaping workpiece (3) when printing, process is as follows:
Step 401, bottom print: according to the printing path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, use described Plasma beam system of processing is treated the current institute printing shaping layer of shaping workpiece (3) and is printed；Use described beam-plasma When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by stream system of processing, multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is used to synchronize working as The multiple described print zone of front institute printing shaping layer prints respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is used to carry out a described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer beating During print, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller (24) according to acquired being currently printed as in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in type layer, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drive described plasma generator with Described wire feeder synchronizes to move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder in level On face in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto level printing continuously by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On platform (4)；After melted liquid stream all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；
In this step, current institute printing shaping layer is the shape layer being positioned at bottommost in multiple described shape layer；
Step 402, last layer print, and comprise the following steps:
Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down: once moved down by horizontal stamp pad (4) in the vertical direction and downwards Mobile height is identical with the thickness of described shape layer；
Step 4022, print and synchronize temperature control: according to the printing path of current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, adopt The current institute printing shaping layer treating shaping workpiece (3) by described plasma beam system of processing prints；Use described etc. When current institute printing shaping layer is printed by ion beam current system of processing, use multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant) same Walk the multiple described print zone to current institute printing shaping layer to print respectively；
The Method of printing of multiple described plasma beam processing unit (plant)s is the most identical；
Any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is used to carry out a described print zone of current institute printing shaping layer beating During print, this plasma beam processing unit (plant) move horizontally controller (24) according to acquired being currently printed as in step 3 The printing path of this print zone in type layer, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drive described plasma generator with Described wire feeder synchronizes to move in the horizontal plane；Described plasma generator is Tong Bu with described wire feeder in level On face in moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream and is sprayed onto continuously and currently beats by this plasma beam processing unit (plant) On the upper surface of the described shape layer of the printed next one；After melted liquid stream all solidifies, completing should in current institute printing shaping layer The print procedure of print zone；In print procedure, by temperature detecting unit (9) to the most printed described molding of the next one In Ceng, the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area detects and in real time by detected temperature information Synchronous driving is to printing distance regulation controller (10)；Further, by the distance detector unit of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) (8) distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad (4) of described shower nozzle is detected in real time, and the range information that will be detected Synchronous driving is to printing distance regulation controller (10)；Described distance regulation controller (10) that prints is according to temperature detecting unit (9) temperature information that detected and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means to the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) distance between is adjusted, and makes this plasma beam processing unit (plant) in the most printed described shape layer of the next one The upper surface temperature of institute's print area is not higher than 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece to be formed (3)；
The in the horizontal plane moving process synchronize with described wire feeder of plasma generator described in step 401 and step 4022 In, processed silk material (2) is sent by described wire feeder continuously, simultaneously by described plasma beam system of processing produce etc. The melting end of processed silk material (2) is melted by ion beam, and the molten melt drop that the fusing of described melting end is formed is continuous And form liquid stream；Described liquid stream is distributed in described beam-plasma, the plasma beam of the melted liquid stream of band in being formed；
Step 403, step 402 is repeated several times, until completing the print procedure of workpiece to be formed (3) all shape layers.
8. according to treating, described in claim 7, the method that shaping workpiece is shaped, it is characterised in that: in step 4 by down to On successively print before, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the material fusing point pre-build and print range data Storehouse, and combine the Material Name of the printed material of each plasma beam processing unit (plant) pre-entered by parameter input unit, The basis printing distance of each plasma beam processing unit (plant) is determined；Described parameter input unit processes with described data and sets For connecting；
In described material fusing point and printing range data storehouse, storage has the material fusing point of various material and prints range information, every kind The material fusing point of described material and printing range information all include that the title of this kind of material, fusing point and basis print distance；Described It is 5mm～1000mm that basis prints distance, and material fusing point is the highest, and it is the nearest that basis prints distance；
Step 401 uses the described printing to current institute printing shaping layer of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Before district prints, printing distance regulation controller (10) of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is according to distance detector unit (8) range information that detected and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) distance between is adjusted to described basis and prints distance；Further, step 401 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) to enter In row print procedure, the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad (4) of described shower nozzle is that described basis prints distance；
Step 4022 use any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) beat described in one of current institute printing shaping layer Before print district prints, printing distance regulation controller (10) of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) is according to distance detector unit (8) range information that detected also combines moving down number of times and moving down height every time of horizontal stamp pad (4), and pass through Control upper by the outlet of described shower nozzle and the most printed current described shape layer of the next one of described printing distance adjusting means Distance between surface is adjusted to described basis and prints distance；Step 4022 use this plasma beam processing unit (plant) carry out beating During print, when the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad (4) of described shower nozzle is adjusted, described printing distance regulation Temperature information that controller (10) is detected according to temperature detecting unit (9) and combine that distance detector unit (8) detected away from Distance between information outlet and horizontal stamp pad (4) to described shower nozzle is adjusted, and makes the most printed next In individual described shape layer, the upper surface temperature of this plasma beam processing unit (plant) institute print area controls to add at this plasma beam Frock is put between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point of printed material；Further, outlet and the horizontal stamp pad to described shower nozzle (4), when the distance between is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is the highest, and the amplitude of accommodation is the least；
In step 401 and step 4022, the described plasma generator of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is with described Wire feeder synchronizes in the horizontal plane in moving process, and the wire feed rate of described processed silk material (2) is 0.1m/min～10m/ Min, a diameter of 0.02mm～10mm of described processed silk material (2)；The diameter of described processed silk material (2) is the biggest, wire feed speed Spend the slowest；And the material fusing point of processed silk material (2) is the highest, wire feed rate is the slowest；
Before step 4 the most successively prints, by the processed silk material (4) of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) Melting end and horizontal stamp pad (4) between distance be all adjusted to wire feed height set in advance, described wire feed height is 5mm ～1000mm；In step 4 the most successively in print procedure, the processed silk of each described plasma beam processing unit (plant) The melting end height of material (2) is constant.
9. according to treating, described in claim 7 or 8, the method that shaping workpiece is shaped, it is characterised in that: described level is beaten The quantity of ink pad (4) is multiple, and multiple described horizontal stamp pads (4) are respectively the printing printed for multiple workpiece to be formed (3) Platform and its be respectively positioned in same level；Each described horizontal stamp pad (4) bottom is mounted on electric walking mechanism (25), Multiple described print platforms are respectively positioned on below described plasma beam system of processing, and are positioned at described in multiple described print platform Print platform immediately below plasma beam system of processing is platform to be controlled；
Described monitoring system also includes the walking being respectively controlled the electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms Controller (26) and multiple walking position detection detected the walking position of multiple described print platforms in real time respectively are single Unit (27), the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms is entered by described position adjustment controller (15) respectively Row controls；The electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms and multiple described walking position detector unit (27) are all with capable Walk controller (26) connect, the described stamp pad position regulator of multiple described print platforms all with position adjustment controller (15) connect；
When step one carries out workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed acquisition and hierarchy slicing process, to multiple described works to be formed Part (3) carries out three-dimensional stereo model acquisition respectively and hierarchy slicing processes；Wherein, workpiece (3) to be formed any one described is entered Row three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing process time, all use data handling equipment and call image processing module obtain should The three-dimensional stereo model of workpiece to be formed (3), recalls the hierarchy slicing module three-dimensional stereo model to this workpiece to be formed (3) Carry out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional images of this workpiece to be formed (3)；
The height of multiple workpiece to be formed (3) is the most identical；The three-dimensional stereo model of multiple described workpiece to be formed (3) is carried out point Layer section time, lift height the most identical and obtained be layered cross-sectional image quantity the most identical；
When step 2 is scanned path filling, multiple described workpiece to be formed (3) are scanned at the filling of path respectively Reason；Wherein, when workpiece (3) to be formed any one described is scanned path filling process, all uses described data to process and set Standby and call described image processing module, the multiple described layering sectional view to this workpiece to be formed (3) obtained in step one As being respectively processed, and complete the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that multiple described layering cross sections Scanning pattern；
When step 3 carries out printing path acquisition, described data handling equipment is used to obtain multiple described workpiece to be formed respectively (3) printing path；Wherein, when obtaining the printing path of any one described workpiece to be formed (3), described data handling equipment is equal The scanning pattern in the multiple described layering cross section according to this workpiece to be formed (3) obtained in step 2, it is thus achieved that this work to be formed The printing path in the multiple described layering cross section of part (3), and the printing path in each described layering cross section all with this layering cross section Scanning pattern identical；
When step 4 the most successively prints, to multiple described workpiece to be formed (3) synchronize carry out from the bottom to top by Layer prints；
Step 401 is carried out when bottom prints and when step 402 carries out last layer printing, all use described beam-plasma Stream system of processing is printed respectively by elder generation to the rear current institute printing shaping layer to multiple described workpiece to be formed (3)；Treat many After the current institute printing shaping layer of individual described workpiece to be formed (3) has all printed, then to multiple described workpiece to be formed (3) A upper shape layer prints respectively；
Wherein, the described plasma beam system of processing current institute printing shaping to workpiece (3) to be formed any one described is used When layer prints, first pass through traveling controller (26) and the electric walking mechanism (25) of multiple described print platforms is carried out respectively Control, the described print platform printed for this workpiece to be formed (3) is moved to the underface of described plasma beam system of processing； Now, being positioned at the described print platform immediately below described plasma beam system of processing is platform to be controlled；Afterwards, then use institute State plasma beam system of processing the current institute printing shaping layer of this workpiece to be formed (3) is printed.
10. according to treating, described in claim 7 or 8, the method that shaping workpiece is shaped, it is characterised in that: described wire feed fills Put and include that top is wound with the wire tray (6) of processed silk material (2), the wire feeder carrying processed silk material (2) and right The wire feed drive mechanism (14) that described wire feeder is driven, described wire feeder is positioned at wire tray (6) inner side and send with described Silk mechanism connects；Described wire tray (6) is coaxially mounted in rotating shaft and can rotate around described rotating shaft；
Each described plasma beam processing supervising device (30) the most also includes being controlled described plasma generator Detection of gas flow rate unit (11) that plasma generator controller (7), gas flow to air supply pipe (5) detect in real time, Gas flow controller (12) that the flow control valve (29) installed upper to air supply pipe (5) is controlled, to processed silk material (2) The speed detection unit (18) that detects in real time of wire feed rate and wire feed speed that wire feed drive mechanism (14) is controlled Degree controller (20), described speed detection unit (18) is connected with wire feed rate controller (20), and described plasma controls Device (7) is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit (11) is with gas flow controller (12) even Connecing, described distance detector unit (8) is connected with gas flow controller (12)；
Before the most successively printing in step 4, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the gas pre-build Flow and wire feed rate data base, and combine the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, the base gas stream to air supply pipe (5) The wire feed rate of amount and described wire feeder is determined；
Described gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain the wire feed rate needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness and Base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 5ml/min～500ml/min, and the wire feed rate of described wire feeder is more Greatly, described base gas flow is the biggest；
In step 401 and step 4022, the described plasma generator of any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) is with described Wire feeder synchronizes in the horizontal plane in moving process, the described speed detection unit (18) wire feed rate to described wire feeder Detect and be sent to by detected synchronizing information wire feed rate controller (20), described wire feed rate controller (20) in real time Wire feed rate according to predetermined described wire feeder also combines speed detection unit (18) institute detection information and drives wire feed Motivation structure (14) is controlled, and the wire feed rate making described wire feeder is all identical with predetermined wire feed rate；
Before in step 401, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) prints, described gas flow controller (12) According to detection of gas flow rate unit (11) detected information and by controlling flow control valve (29) by the gas stream of air supply pipe (5) Amount is adjusted to described base gas flow；In step 401 in any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) print procedure, described The gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is described base gas flow；
In step 4022, any one described plasma beam processing unit (plant) carries out printing and synchronizing in temperature control process, described gas stream Amount controller (12) is according to detection of gas flow rate unit (11) institute detection information and combines distance detector unit (8) institute detecting distance Information, and by controlling flow control valve (29), the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is carried out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, described shower nozzle Outlet and horizontal stamp pad (4) between distance the biggest, the gas flow of described air supply pipe (5) is the biggest.
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