CN104956929A

CN104956929A - Method for grafting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana

Info

Publication number: CN104956929A
Application number: CN201510415811.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: CHINA EUCALYPT RESEARCH CENTER
Current assignee: CHINA EUCALYPT RESEARCH CENTER
Priority date: 2015-07-16
Filing date: 2015-07-16
Publication date: 2015-10-07
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-16
Also published as: CN104956929B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for grafting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana, and relates to the technical field of efficient propagation of special plant resources. The method comprises the steps that 1, plukenetia volubilis L. seedlings are selected to serve as rootstocks; 2, annual cuttings of the plukenetia huayllabambana are selected to serve as scions; 3, the grafting positions of the rootstocks are 15-30 cm far from the bases; 4, petioles on the scions are cut away from the bases; 5, when grafting is conducted, the cut scions are aligned to and buckled with notches of the rootstocks, and a plastic film band special for grafting is used for binding each scion and the corresponding rootstock tightly; 6, after grafting is completed, iron wires or bamboo sticks are used for building a small film arched shed for each plant, substrate is watered sufficiently, and the plants are sealed; 7, when grafting wounds are healed completely, the plastic film bands can be removed, and illumination is enhanced gradually; 8, during the growth phase of the grafting seedlings, regular management, fertilization and disinfestation are conducted, and after the seedlings are exercised for 40 to 45 days, the seedlings are moved from a nursery to a big field of planting. According to the method for grafting and propagating the plukenetia huayllabambana, the survival rate of the plukenetia huayllabambana grafting seeldings is over 95%, and the rate of outplanting is over 90%.

Description

A kind of large fruit print adds the method for fruit propagation by grafiting

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is the high efficiency breeding technology field of Special Plant resource, is specifically related to a kind of method that large fruit print adds fruit propagation by grafiting.

Background technology

Print adds fruit and belongs to Euphorbiaceae (Plukenetia) perennial bejuco, at present finds 40 kinds, large-scale planting have 5.Print adds the primary length of fruit area, Andes tropical rain forest in South America, and print adds language and claims Sacha Inchi, is applied more than 3000 year by local original inhabitant in South America.Print adds fruit and plants then, and can bear fruit then, namely 2-3 enters the phase of abounding with, and its phase of abounding with can reach about 10 years.

It is 30%-60% that print adds fruit seed oil content, is rich in grease, protein, amino acid, also has multivitamin and vitamin e.Print adds fruit seed oil and forms primarily of polybasic unsaturated fatty acid, and its content is apparently higher than other all oil plants.Polybasic unsaturated fatty acid is based on Omega fatty acid, and ω-3, ω-6, ω-9 three kinds of unsaturated fatty acids are up to more than 92%, and wherein ω-3 content is up to 48-54%.Scientific research shows, adds the vegetable oil (Sacha Inchi oil) squeezed fruit seed, do not contain the material of any toxin and insalubrity from print.Print adds fruit oil and can be used for the aspects such as food, health care, cosmetics, also has significant effect, be considered to vegetable oil best in the world to adjustment blood fat, angiocardiopathy preventing, maintenance skin etc.

2006, China introduced the kind that print adds fruit, name plukenetia volubilis linneo (Plukenetia volubilis L.), another name astral oil rattan.Plukenetia volubilis linneo is be grown on the following tropical area of height above sea level 300m in original producton location Peru, in the success of China introduction and acclimatization, carries out large-scale planting.

2014, Eucalypt Research Development Center, China Ministry of Forestry introduced print from Peru and has added the large fruit print of fruit another one kind and add fruit (Plukenetia huayllabambana), this kind of output and oil content higher, there is good popularizing application prospect.

Large fruit print adds fruit and is grown in the plateau tropical rainforest of height above sea level 2000-3000m in original producton location Peru, daytime hot humid, night feels nice and cool.We are without the similar region of weather.When south China is planted experimentally, summer can not resist high temperature, and there is chilling damage in winter, is difficult to suitable raw.It is lower that large fruit print adds fruit seminal propagation germination rate, and general about 40%, it is very difficult, expensive that the large fruit of import simultaneously print adds fruit seed.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiency that prior art exists, the present invention seeks to be to provide a kind of large fruit print to add the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, utilize the successful plukenetia volubilis linneo of introduction and acclimatization as stock, the large fruit print of grafting adds fruit, fruit can not only be added for the large fruit print introduced from Peru and provide reliable guarantee in the plantation of China, and can be the seed selection that large fruit print adds fruit high yield fine individual plant propagation method is provided, and make the good characteristic that offspring keeps maternal preferably, its grafting nursery stock can do sth. in advance to blossom and bear fruit for 2 months compared with seed nursery stock.

To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: a kind of large fruit print adds the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, it comprises the following steps: 1, select plukenetia volubilis linneo seedling as stock, stock more than height 30cm, 3 pairs with blade, without damage by disease and insect, the plant that growing way is excellent.To water permeable before carrying out grafting in advance.

2, scion selects large fruit print to add fruit this year raw Miho bar.Adopt apart from base portion close, semi-lignified, do not bloom, sprout is full raw healthy and strong branch then.The branch length of general candidate, at about 50-80cm, prunes He Ge Miho bar 1-2 bar.Scion preferably now connects and now adopts, length 15-20cm, and clip Miho bar is placed in clear water and soaks, the moisturizing of Zuo Hao Miho bar.

3, stock grafting position is apart from base portion 15-30cm place, and 1-2 removes terminal bud part to more than blade place, and the blade of reservation wipes out the leaf area of 50%.Then in stock top incision, intermediate vertical rives 1-2cm deeply as grafting interface.

4, first pruned from base portion by the petiole in scion, with scion center for benchmark, both sides cutter is cut, and bottom thickness, within 1mm, retains uniform medulla, forms V-arrangement bevel, and bevel wants level and smooth, bevel height about 2cm.

5, during grafting, will cut Miho bar and stock cut alignment fastens, finally use the colligation of grafting special plastic film strip tight, space is not left in junction as far as possible.

6, after grafting completes, use iron wire or the every strain of bamboo let to build film Small plastic shed, matrix waters sufficient moisture, is sealed by plant, keeps humidity more than 95%, is placed in greenhouse, temperature between 20-30 degree, rate about 70% of shading.

7, general about 30 days, grafting wound healed completely, can remove lashings, progressively strengthen illumination.

8, grafting vegetative stage, the rudiment on stock will be erased in time, is beneficial to grafting bud pumping branch.Period manages by nursery lot routine, and being separated by, within one week, combining waters to water with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid executes once, according to the upgrowth situation of nursery stock, topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, or use Foliage nutrient solution does top dressing; Note observing the harm of sick worm, once occurrence injury, prevented and treated in time.Garden field planting is gone out after hardening 40-45 days.Nursery stock wood standard: more than height of seedling 30cm, band three is to blade.Well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: large fruit print of the present invention adds fruit grafting survival rate more than 95%, and outplanting rate is more than 90%.It is suitable raw at south China that large fruit print adds fruit grafting, has good economic benefit.

Embodiment

The technological means realized for making the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

This embodiment is by the following technical solutions: a kind of large fruit print adds the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, with large fruit print add fruit then raw rattan Zuo Wei Miho bar, choose the 10-15cm stem section of semi-lignified as scion, scion retains more than 3 full axillalry buds; Wipe out the blade of about 50%.Add the above seedling of fruit another one kind plukenetia volubilis linneo (Plukenetia volubilis L.) life in 2 months as stock using print, height about 30cm, 3 to blade, without damage by disease and insect, and robust growth.Scion adopts apart from base portion close, semi-lignified, do not bloom, sprout is full raw healthy and strong branch then.The branch length of general candidate, at about 50-80cm, prunes He Ge Miho bar 1-2 bar.Scion preferably now connects and now adopts, length 15-20cm, and clip Miho bar is placed in clear water and soaks, the moisturizing of Zuo Hao Miho bar.Stock grafting position is apart from base portion 15-30cm place, and 1-2 removes terminal bud part ， Miho bar blade to more than blade place and retains 50% leaf area.Then in stock top incision, intermediate vertical rives 1-2cm deeply as grafting interface.First pruned from base portion by the petiole in scion, with scion center for benchmark, both sides cutter is cut, and bottom thickness, within 1mm, retains uniform medulla, forms the bevel that V-arrangement is level and smooth, bevel height about 2cm.During grafting, will cut Miho bar and stock cut alignment fastens, finally use the colligation of grafting special plastic film strip tight, space is not left in junction as far as possible.After grafting completes, used by whole plant iron wire or the every strain of bamboo let to build the sealing of film Small plastic shed, matrix waters sufficient moisture, and keep humidity more than 95%, be placed in greenhouse, temperature is between 20-30 degree, and rate of shading is about 70%.About 30 days, grafting wound healed completely, can remove lashings.Grafting vegetative stage, the rudiment on stock will be erased in time, is beneficial to grafting bud pumping branch, and carries out applying fertilizer, waters and the integrated management such as the extermination of disease and insect pest.

Large fruit print adds fruit and is grown in the plateau tropical rainforest of height above sea level 2000-3000m in original producton location Peru, daytime hot humid, night feels nice and cool.We are without the similar region of weather.When south China is planted experimentally, summer high temperature and winter low temperature are all inadaptable, and output is extremely low.Meanwhile, large fruit print adds fruit seminal propagation germination rate lower (general about 40%), and it is very difficult that import large fruit print adds fruit seed, and expensive, constrains large fruit print and adds the popularization of fruit in China.

It is be grown on the following tropical area of height above sea level 300m in original producton location Peru that print adds fruit another one kind plukenetia volubilis linneo, in the success of China introduction and acclimatization, and has carried out large-scale planting.

This embodiment utilizes the successful plukenetia volubilis linneo of introduction and acclimatization as stock, the large fruit print of grafting adds fruit, fruit can not only be added for the large fruit print introduced from Peru and provide reliable guarantee in the plantation of China, and can be the seed selection that large fruit print adds fruit high yield fine individual plant propagation method is provided, and make the good characteristic that offspring keeps maternal preferably, its grafting nursery stock can do sth. in advance to blossom and bear fruit for 2 months compared with seed nursery stock, has good market application foreground.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims

1. large fruit print adds a method for fruit propagation by grafiting, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1), select plukenetia volubilis linneo seedling as stock, stock more than height 30cm, and 3 to blade, without damage by disease and insect, and the plant that growing way is excellent; To water permeable before carrying out grafting in advance;

(2), scion selects large fruit print to add fruit this year raw Miho bar; Adopt apart from base portion close, semi-lignified, do not bloom, sprout is full raw healthy and strong branch then;

(3), stock grafting position apart from base portion 15-30cm place, 1-2 is to more than blade place removal terminal bud part, and the blade of reservation wipes out the leaf area of 50%; Then in stock top incision, intermediate vertical rives 1-2cm deeply as grafting interface;

(4), first pruned from base portion by the petiole in scion, with scion center for benchmark, both sides cutter is cut, and bottom thickness, within 1mm, retains uniform medulla, forms V-arrangement bevel, and bevel is level and smooth, bevel height about 2cm;

(5), grafting time, will cut Miho bar and stock cut alignment fastens, finally use the colligation of grafting special plastic film strip tight, junction does not interspace;

(6), after grafting completes, use iron wire or the every strain of bamboo let to build film Small plastic shed, matrix waters sufficient moisture, is sealed by plant, keeps humidity more than 95%, is placed in greenhouse, temperature between 20-30 degree, rate about 70% of shading;

(7), general about 30 days, grafting wound heals completely, remove lashings, progressively strengthen illumination;

(8), grafting vegetative stage, the rudiment on stock is erased in time, is beneficial to grafting bud pumping branch; Period manages by nursery lot routine, and being separated by, within one week, combining waters to water with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid executes once, according to the upgrowth situation of nursery stock, topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, or use Foliage nutrient solution does top dressing; Note observing the harm of sick worm, once occurrence injury, prevented and treated in time; Garden field planting is gone out after hardening 40-45 days; Nursery stock wood standard: more than height of seedling 30cm, band three is to blade; Well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect.