CN104956929B - A kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting - Google Patents
A kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104956929B CN104956929B CN201510415811.2A CN201510415811A CN104956929B CN 104956929 B CN104956929 B CN 104956929B CN 201510415811 A CN201510415811 A CN 201510415811A CN 104956929 B CN104956929 B CN 104956929B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, it is related to the high efficiency breeding technology field of Special Plant resource.It comprises the following steps：1st, plukenetia volubilis linneo seedling is selected as stock；2nd, scion selects big fruit print plus fruit year life scion strip；3rd, stock grafting position away from 15 30cm of base portion at；4th, first the petiole in scion is pruned from base portion；5th, during grafting, scion strips will be cut and fastened with stock cut alignment, finally bound with grafting special plastic film band close；6th, after the completion of grafting, film Small plastic shed is built using every plant of iron wire or bamboo stick, matrix pours moisture, and plant is sealed；7th, grafting wound heals completely, can release lashings, progressively strengthen illumination；8th, grafting growth phase, carries out Routine Management and fertilising is removed the evil, and hardening goes out garden field planting after 40 45 days.The big fruit print plus fruit grafting shoot survival percent of the present invention is more than 95%, and nursery stock rate is more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high efficiency breeding technology field of Special Plant resource, and in particular to a kind of big fruit print plus fruit are transferred
The method for connecing breeding.
Background technology
Print plus fruit belong to Euphorbiaceae（Plukenetia）Perennial bejuco, has now been found that 40 kinds, scale
That changes plantation has 5.Andes area tropical rain forest, print plus language claim Sacha in South America for print plus the primary length of fruit
Inchi, is applied more than 3000 years by local original inhabitant in South America.Print plus fruit are planted then, can bear fruit then, 2-3
Enter and abound with the phase, it abounds with the phase up to 10 years or so.
Print plus fruit seed oil content are 30%-60%, rich in grease, protein, amino acid, also have multivitamin and fertility
Phenol.Print plus fruit seed oil are mainly made of polybasic unsaturated fatty acid, its content is apparently higher than other all oilseed plants.It is polynary
For unrighted acid based on Omega aliphatic acid, three kinds of unrighted acids of ω -3, ω -6, ω -9 are up to more than 92%, its
Middle ω -3 contents are up to 48-54%.Scientific investigations showed that vegetable oil (the Sacha Inchi squeezed from print plus fruit seed
Oil), the material without any toxin and insalubrity.Print plus fruit oil can be used for food, health care, cosmetics etc., exchange
Whole blood fat, prevention of cardiovascular disease, maintenance skin etc. also have obvious action, it is considered to be best vegetable oil in the world.
2006, China introduced print plus a kind for fruit, names plukenetia volubilis linneo (Plukenetia volubilis L.),
Alias astral oil rattan.Plukenetia volubilis linneo is to be grown on the following tropical areas of height above sea level 300m in original producton location Peru, in China's introduction and acclimatization
Success, carries out large-scale planting.
2014, Eucalypt Research Development Center, China Ministry of Forestry has introduced print from Peru plus the big fruit print of another kind of fruit adds
Fruit（Plukenetia huayllabambana）, this kind of yield and oil content higher have good popularizing application prospect.
Big fruit print plus fruit are grown in the plateau tropical rainforest of height above sea level 2000-3000m in original producton location Peru, and daytime, high temperature was damp
Wet, night feels nice and cool.We are without weather similar to region.When south China is planted experimentally, summer cannot resist high temperature, and there is low temperature danger in winter
Evil, it is difficult to suitable life.Big fruit print plus fruit seminal propagation germination percentage are relatively low, and general 40% or so, while the big fruit print of import plus fruit seed are non-
It is often difficult, it is expensive.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention seeks to be that providing a kind of big fruit print adds fruit propagation by grafiting
Method, can not only be to be introduced from Peru by the use of the successful plukenetia volubilis linneo of introduction and acclimatization as stock, the big fruit print of grafting plus fruit
The plantation of big fruit print plus fruit in China provides reliable guarantee, and can be provided for the selection and breeding of big fruit print plus fruit high yield fine individual plant numerous
Method is grown, and offspring is preferably kept maternal good characteristic, its grafting nursery stock can ahead of time 2 months compared with seed nursery stock
Blossom and bear fruit.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions：A kind of big fruit print plus fruit grafting
The method of breeding, it comprises the following steps：1st, select plukenetia volubilis linneo seedling as stock, more than stock height 30cm, 3 pairs with
Blade, no disease and pests harm, the excellent plant of growing way.To be poured in advance before progress grafting permeable.
2nd, scion selects big fruit print plus fruit year life scion strip.Approached using away from base portion, semi-lignified, do not bloom, sprout satisfies
Full healthy and strong branch raw then.The branch length of general candidate is in 50-80cm or so, trimming He Ge scion strip 1-2 bars.Scion is best
Now connect and now adopt, length 15-20cm, clip scion strips, which are placed in clear water, soaks, the Hao scion strip moisturizings of Zuo.
3rd, stock grafting position away from base portion 15-30cm at, 1-2 removes terminal bud part, the blade of reservation to more than blade place
Wipe out 50% leaf area.Then at stock top cut away, intermediate vertical is rived, and 1-2cm is deep to be used as grafting interface.
4th, first the petiole in scion is pruned from base portion, on the basis of scion center, both sides knife is cut, and bottom thickness is in 1mm
Within, retain uniform medulla, form V-arrangement bevel, bevel is smooth, bevel height 2cm or so.
5th, during grafting, scion strips will be cut and fastened with stock cut alignment, finally bound with grafting special plastic film band
Closely, gap is not left in junction as far as possible.
6th, after the completion of grafting, film Small plastic shed is built using every plant of iron wire or bamboo stick, matrix pours moisture, and plant is close
Envelope, keeps humidity more than 95%, is placed in greenhouse, temperature is between 20-30 degree, shade rate 70% or so.
7th, general 30 days or so, grafting wound healed completely, can release lashings, progressively strengthen illumination.
8th, grafting growth phase, the rudiment on stock will be erased in time, in favor of grafting bud pumping branch.Period presses seedling
Routinely it is managed to garden, is separated by one week and is applied once with reference to watering to be poured with 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder,
According to the upgrowth situation of nursery stock, make foliage top dressing with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer top dressing, or using Foliage nutrient solution；Pay attention to observation disease
Worm endangers, once occurrence injury, is prevented in time.Hardening goes out garden field planting after 40-45 days.Nursery stock wood standard：Height of seedling
More than 30cm, band three is to blade.Well developed root system, no disease and pests harm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：More than 95%, nursery stock rate exists the big fruit print plus fruit grafting shoot survival percent of the present invention
More than 90%.Big fruit print plus fruit grafting fit life in south China, with good economic efficiency.
Embodiment
To make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention easy to understand, with reference to
Embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Present embodiment uses following technical scheme：A kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, are printed with big fruit
Fruit is added to give birth to rattan Zuo Wei scion strips then, the 10-15cm stem sections for choosing semi-lignified are full as scion, scion reservation more than 3
Axillary bud；Wipe out 50% or so blade.With print plus another kind plukenetia volubilis linneo of fruit (Plukenetia volubilis
L.) seedling of 2 months raw above is as stock, height 30cm or so, and 3 pairs with blade, no disease and pests harm, robust growth.Connect
Using being approached away from base portion, semi-lignified, do not bloom, the healthy and strong branch raw then that sprout is full fringe.The branch length of general candidate
In 50-80cm or so, He Ge scion strip 1-2 bars are trimmed.Scion preferably now connects and now adopts, length 15-20cm, and clip scion strips are placed on
Soaked in clear water, the Hao scion strip moisturizings of Zuo.Stock grafting position away from base portion 15-30cm at, 1-2 removes terminal bud portion to more than blade place
Fen , scion strips blade retains 50% leaf area.Then at stock top cut away, intermediate vertical is rived, and 1-2cm is deep to be connect as grafting
Mouthful.First the petiole in scion is pruned from base portion, on the basis of scion center, both sides knife is cut, and bottom thickness is protected within 1mm
Uniform medulla is stayed, forms the smooth bevel of V-arrangement, bevel height 2cm or so.During grafting, scion strips and stock notch will be cut
Alignment fastens, and is finally bound closely with grafting special plastic film band, gap is not left in junction as far as possible., will after the completion of grafting
Whole plant builds film Small plastic shed using every plant of iron wire or bamboo stick and seals, and matrix pours moisture, keeps humidity more than 95%, puts
Put in greenhouse, temperature is between 20-30 degree, and shade rate is 70% or so.30 days or so, grafting wound healed completely, can solve
Except lashings.Grafting growth phase, the rudiment on stock will in time be erased, in favor of grafting bud pumping branch, and applied
The integrated managements such as fertilizer, watering and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Big fruit print plus fruit are grown in the plateau tropical rainforest of height above sea level 2000-3000m in original producton location Peru, and daytime, high temperature was damp
Wet, night feels nice and cool.We are without weather similar to region.When south China is planted experimentally, summer high temperature and winter low temperature are inadaptable, production
Measure extremely low.Meanwhile big fruit print plus fruit seminal propagation germination percentage are relatively low（General 40% or so）, the big fruit print of import plus fruit seed are very
Difficulty, and it is expensive, constrain the popularization of big fruit print plus fruit in China.
Print plus another kind plukenetia volubilis linneo of fruit in original producton location Peru are to be grown on the following tropical areas of height above sea level 300m,
China's introduction and acclimatization success, and carried out large-scale planting.
Present embodiment adds fruit by the use of the successful plukenetia volubilis linneo of introduction and acclimatization as stock, the big fruit print of grafting, no
It is only capable of providing reliable guarantee for the big fruit print introduced from Peru plus plantation of the fruit in China, and can is that big fruit print plus fruit high yield are excellent
The selection and breeding of good single plant provide propagation method, and offspring is preferably kept maternal good characteristic, its grafting nursery stock and seed
Nursery stock has good market application foreground compared to that can blossom and bear fruit within 2 months ahead of time.
The basic principles, main features and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1), select plukenetia volubilis linneo real
Raw seedling is as stock, and more than stock height 30cm, 3 pairs with blade, no disease and pests harm, the excellent plant of growing way；Before carrying out grafting
To pour in advance permeable；
(2), scion selects big fruit print plus fruit year life scion strip；Approached using away from base portion, semi-lignified, do not bloom, sprout it is full
Branch raw healthy and strong then；
(3), stock grafting position away from base portion 15-30cm at, 1-2 removes terminal bud part to more than blade place, and the blade of reservation is cut
Except 50% leaf area；Then at stock top cut away, intermediate vertical is rived, and 1-2cm is deep to be used as grafting interface；
(4), first the petiole in scion is pruned from base portion, on the basis of scion center, both sides knife is cut, bottom thickness 1mm with
It is interior, retain uniform medulla, form V-arrangement bevel, bevel is smooth, bevel height 2cm or so；
(5), during grafting, scion strips will be cut and fastened with stock cut alignment, finally bound with grafting special plastic film band tight
Close, junction does not interspace；
(6), after the completion of grafting, film Small plastic shed is built using every plant of iron wire or bamboo stick, matrix pours moisture, and plant is sealed,
Humidity more than 95% is kept, is placed in greenhouse, temperature is between 20-30 degree, shade rate 70% or so；
(7), general 30 days or so, grafting wound healed completely, releases lashings, progressively strengthens illumination；
(8), grafting growth phase, the rudiment on stock is erased in time, in favor of grafting bud pumping branch；Period presses nursery lot
Routine is managed, and is separated by one week and is applied once with reference to watering to be poured with 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, according to
The upgrowth situation of nursery stock, makees foliage top dressing with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer top dressing, or using Foliage nutrient solution；Pay attention to observing disease pest danger
Evil, once occurrence injury, is prevented in time；Hardening goes out garden field planting after 40-45 days；Nursery stock wood standard：Height of seedling 30cm
More than, band three is to blade；Well developed root system, no disease and pests harm.
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| CN201510415811.2A CN104956929B (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2015-07-16 | A kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN201510415811.2A CN104956929B (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2015-07-16 | A kind of big fruit print plus the method for fruit propagation by grafiting |
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| CN104956929A CN104956929A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
| CN104956929B true CN104956929B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105340663B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2018-03-27 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Implantation methods of the astral oil rattan in Guizhou province |
| CN107006249B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-11-24 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
| CN107027584B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-07-03 | 国家林业和草原局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for potting daylily tabebuia |
| CN107173074B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-06-30 | 国家***桉树研究开发中心 | Grafting method for same-plant multi-variety-system tabebuia avellanedae |
| CN108293463A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-07-20 | 国家***桉树研究开发中心 | A kind of method of blue flower principal columns of a hall propagation by grafiting |
| CN112273088B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-08-04 | 广东龙飞生物有限公司 | Treatment method for fruit tree stock before grafting |
| CN112535030A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2021-03-23 | 福建山瓜瓜农业发展有限公司 | Middle branch grafting seedling raising method for breeding excellent variety of wild vine plant |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101773038B (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-13 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cutting propagation method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
| CN101773047B (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Seedling nursing method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
| CN103385118A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Grafting breeding method for plukenetia volubilis |
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