CN104509411B - Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank - Google Patents
Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN104509411B CN104509411B CN201410838272.9A CN201410838272A CN104509411B CN 104509411 B CN104509411 B CN 104509411B CN 201410838272 A CN201410838272 A CN 201410838272A CN 104509411 B CN104509411 B CN 104509411B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of river bank vegetation recovery, in particular to a method for planting plant at a terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of a river bank. The method for planting the plant at the terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of the river bank includes that selecting shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant from March to April at each year; flatting a planting land in a gravel bank land of the terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of the river bank, wherein the distance between the gravel bank land and the normal water level of the river bank at the dry season is 20 to 200 meters, and the planting region comprises a banded herbaceous plant planting sub-region, a shrub planting sub-region and an arbor planting sub-region parallel to the flow direction of the river water and arrayed in sequence from the river center to the banks; setting planting cavities which are arrayed in Chinese character Pin-shaped in the planting region; obliquely planting the shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant in the planting cavities, wherein the oblique direction is the same with the water flow direction; refilling the excavated sand soil, using a large gravel to cover the surface layer, using gravels to retain at the four sides, using an iron wire net to cover the gravel surfaces and fixing on the river shoal, and watering the plant; watering till the shrub and arbor shoot buds, and reducing the watering times after shooting buds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to riverbank revegetation and technical field of greening are and in particular to one kind is planted in riverbank land inland water ecotone
The method of plant.
Background technology
In prior art, land inland water ecotone refers to the interface area between inland aquatic ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystems, is
Ecotone between river and highland vegetation, has obvious edge effect, and it is a kind of relatively special
Land resource.Land inland water ecotone is subject to periodically exposed and water logging, and water body washes away more serious, causes substantial amounts of soil erosion,
So that the soil body near water body is washed in a pan by a large amount of punching, present exposed gravel seashore, the landscape effect of impact water system, therefore in water
Plantation vegetation in the ecotone of land, improves land inland water ecotone vegetation coverage and is particularly important.And traditional vegetation implantation methods
It is to broadcast sowing grass seed, dibbling shrub and dungarunga, vegetation is vertically planted in a variety of plant holes 3.Due to land inland water ecotone geographical position
Particularity, the relatively thin grass seed emergence rate broadcasting sowing of soil layer is relatively low, and the shrub of dibbling and dungarunga were impacted by current in the water logging phase
Plus the less phenomenon easily occurring lodging after flood period of soil, or the river drifting substances being intercepted by itself bend,
Even fracture, had a strong impact on vegetation makes scape and the effect conserving water and soil, and application is limited to.Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of being suitable for
Vegetation method for planting under land inland water ecotone special environment condition, can improve survival rate and the storage rate of vegetation, and not shadow
Ring the flood discharge capacity in river.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome defect of the prior art, a kind of side in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants that the present invention provides
Method, it is adaptable to plant cover cultivation methods under land inland water ecotone special environment, its low cost, can large area be implemented.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, institute
The method of stating includes：
Step 1)：Selection floristics to be planted include shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant；
Step 2)：Plant described in Season select of planting is suitable for the season growing；
Step 3)：Planting site is the gravel beach of riverbank or riverbank land inland water ecotone, the planting site in described gravel beach
In the region between the ordinary water level 20m～200m in riverbank dry season；
Step 4)：Described gravel beach is carried out smooth, including：
Rubbish in described gravel beach is purged；
Remove the bulk gravel of described ruckle surface layer；
Step 5)：Setting growing area, described growing area include with river flow to parallel and from the middle of the river to two sides direction successively
The banding herbaceous plant plantation subregion of arrangement, shrub plantation subregion and arbor plantation subregion；
Step 6)：Setting kind plant hole in described growing area, described kind of plant hole is in that isosceles triangle arranges；
Step 7)：Described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant tilt to plant in kind of plant hole, incline direction and flow direction phase
With；
Step 8)：The sand grains soil that described backfill is excavated, top layer big gravel gland, surrounding gravel enclosing, and in gravel
Surface wire gauze is fixed on river shoal after covering, and pours first time water to described shrub seedling；
Step 9)：In described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 when 10 or
Watered when 18 in the afternoon 15, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduces irrigation times after sprouting.
Further, described shrub is Fructus Adinae, a leaf and five-leaved chaste tree, and described arbor is Pterocarya Stenoptera, Cortex Sapii Radiciss, burmannii, show filal obedience
Bamboo, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti and cassia tree, described herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, Herba Polygoni hydropiperiss, wrinkle leaf Herba Setariae Viridis and sedge.
Further, described kind of plant hole includes Shrub Species plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described shrub plantation
Cave and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.5m × h0.5m, and herbaceous plant is the vertical pyrometric cone of d0.3m × h0.5m
Shape, the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction.
Further, the line-spacing of described Shrub Species plant hole and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, the line-spacing of described arbor kind plant hole and spacing in the rows
For 2 meters, the line-spacing of described draft kind plant hole and 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.
Further, described kind of plant hole is according to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.
Further, the depth of described kind of plant hole is 0.5 meter.
Further, described shrub and arbor are processed through root-inducing powder.
Further, described kind of plant hole bottom discharges fertilizer, dose in described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole
For 200g/, in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole, dose is 10g/.
Compared with prior art, superior effect is method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants of the present invention：
The present invention can improve survival rate and the storage rate of land inland water ecotone vegetation plantation, and it is more to be that land inland water ecotone revegetation provides
Method.The method simple and fast that the present invention provides, energy large area are implemented and low cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is that in the method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants of the present invention, shrub or arbor are planted in kind of a plant hole
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 be in the method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants of the present invention draft plant growing in kind of a plant hole
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is plantation subregion distribution schematic diagram in the method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants of the present invention.
Reference is as follows：
1- shrub or arbor, 2- gravel enclosing, 3- kind plant hole, 4- gravel, 5- gravel beach, 6- current, 7- herbaceous plant,
8- herbaceous plant plants subregion, and 9- shrub plant plants subregion, and subregion is planted by 10- magaphanerophytes.
The in figure direction of arrow is the flow direction of river current.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
As Figure 1-3, illustrate the present invention, the present invention provide a kind of in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants
Method, methods described includes：
Step 1)：Selection of time of planting is in Lijiang valley annual March to April；
Step 2)：Selection floristics to be planted are local plant species, and described floristics include shrub, arbor
And herbaceous plant；
Step 3)：Planting site is the gravel beach 5 of riverbank land inland water ecotone, the planting site in described gravel beach 5 away from
In the region between the ordinary water level 20m～200m in Lijiang River dry season；
Step 4)：Described gravel beach 5 is carried out smooth, including：
Rubbish in described gravel beach 5 is purged；
Remove the bulk gravel on described gravel beach 5 top layer；
Step 5)：Setting growing area, described growing area include with river flow to parallel and from the middle of the river to two sides direction successively
The banding herbaceous plant plantation subregion 8 of arrangement, shrub plantation subregion 9 and arbor plantation subregion 10；
Step 6)：Setting kind plant hole 3 in described growing area, described kind of plant hole 3 is in that isosceles triangle arranges；
Step 7)：Described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant tilt 7 and plant in kind of plant hole 3, and incline direction is flowed to current 6
Identical；
Step 8)：The sand grains soil that described backfill is excavated, top layer big gravel gland, surrounding gravel enclosing 2, and in gravel
4 surface wire gauzes are fixed on river shoal after covering, and pour first time water to described planting plants；
Step 9)：In described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 when 10 or
Watered when 18 in the afternoon 15, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduces irrigation times after sprouting.
In the present embodiment, described shrub is Fructus Adinae, a leaf and five-leaved chaste tree, and described arbor is Pterocarya Stenoptera, Cortex Sapii Radiciss, burmannii, filial piety
Along bamboo, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti and cassia tree, described herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, Herba Polygoni hydropiperiss, wrinkle leaf Herba Setariae Viridis and sedge.Described kind of plant hole includes shrub
Plant plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical of d0.5m × h0.5m
Triangular pyramidal, herbaceous plant is the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.3m × h0.5m, and the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction.
The line-spacing of described Shrub Species plant hole and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, and the line-spacing of described arbor kind plant hole and spacing in the rows are 2 meters, described draft kind
The line-spacing of plant hole and 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.Described kind of plant hole is according to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.Described kind of plant hole
Depth be 0.5 meter.The seedling of described shrub and arbor is processed through root-inducing powder.Described kind of plant hole bottom discharges fertilizer, institute
Stating dose in Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole is 200g/, and in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole, dose is 10g/.
Planting plant hole adopts taper to excavate, and compared with the rectangle of transmission excavation, decreases the disturbance to soil, destructiveness is little；Plant adopts
Tiltedly plantation is planted, and alleviates the flood passage pressure of River, and the impact to current reduces；The method planted using oblique plantation, can reduce
The river drifting substances that vegetation itself intercepts, prevent the phenomenon being broken off because of overload, thus improving land inland water ecotone
The storage rate of vegetation.Gather materials on the spot, treatment in accordance with local conditions, can improve land inland water ecotone vegetation coverage.
The method that the present embodiment provides, concrete operations are as described below, as shown in figure 1, the kind plant hole 3 of this method adopts taper
Excavate, seedling 1 is tiltedly planted in kind of plant hole 3, tiltedly plant direction and river and flow to identical, plant in plant hole 3 and backfills the granule excavating out relatively
The preferable soil of quality, plants plant hole 3 top layer relatively big gravel gland, and will plant plant hole 3 enclosing with bulk gravel.
As shown in Fig. 2 planting the distribution of plant hole 3 position, planting plant hole 3 and being distributed mainly on the gravel apart from river 20-50m
On beach, it is distributed in isosceles triangle.
In Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Lijiang River bank, typical land inland water ecotone is selected to carry out the method that vegetation is tiltedly planted.It is main
Step is：Plant season, the season of revegetation is selected in annual 3-4 month, is the dry season of Lijiang River, and proper temperature is suitable for
The growth promoter of vegetation；Selection in plant, draft Plant choosing sedge (Carex tristachya), sedge in the present embodiment
For the more herbaceous plant of Lijiang River side distribution, soil is required not tight, the thicker calculous soil of substrate also can grow, therefore suitable
Preferably in Lijiang River ruckle aerial.It is object that shrub selects Fructus Adinae (Adina rubella Hance), and Fructus Adinae is Li He
Common shrub species, is Rubiaceae Adina machaka, high 1-3 rice, leaf opposite, and ovum shape lanceolar or ovate are oval
Shape, stem is in cylinder, has branch, matter is not easily broken firmly, and branch hangs down loosely, resistance to water logging；Dungarunga selects Pterocarya Stenoptera (Pterocarya
Stenoptera) treelet, height about 1.5m, base footpath about 35mm, Pterocarya Stenoptera belongs to deciduous tree, and treelet bark smooths, light grey, when old
Then deep lobe, sprig Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt to crineous, TN, TP and COD content in reservoir drawdown band sewage of can effectively degrading.Planting area
Select, tiltedly plant the testing a little positioned at Lijiang River left bank at N25 ° 07 ' 00 of embodiment on the seashore of ", E110 ° 25 ' 57 ".This embodiment ground
Cultivated area about 5000m2, dry season gravel bare area about 2000m2, dry season rock is exposed in a large number, has a strong impact on Li He
Landscape effect, the impact of flood period water wave causes a large amount of soil erosions, is badly in need of carrying out revegetation；Site preparation, to the gravel to be recovered
Rock patch is cleared up, and removes rubbish in beach.Planting plant hole 3 seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.5m, will remove the larger of plantation point top layer
Gravel, plants plant hole 3 and adopts taper to excavate, specification is the vertical pyrometric cone of d0.5m × h0.5m, direction and water that pyrometric cone tilts
Stream flows to identical, plantation point arrangement in isosceles triangle, and the lower floor excavated sand grains soil is placed side；Plantation, by sedge, Fructus Adinae,
Pterocarya Stenoptera tilts to plant in kind of plant hole, dose about 10g in sedge kind plant hole, and Fructus Adinae, Pterocarya Stenoptera tilt to plant in kind of plant hole 3,
Plant organic fertilizer 200g in plant hole 3, the sand grains soil that backfill is excavated.Top layer big gravel gland, surrounding gravel enclosing, and in gravel
Stone surface is fixed on river shoal after being covered with zinc-plated wire gauze, after watered；Regular maintenance, one month initial stage after planting
Interior, in arid, in the morning 6, up to 10 when or water up to 18 when in the afternoon 15, until nursery stock is sprouted.Reduce the frequency that waters after sprouting
Secondary.
The Contrast on effect of the present invention, adopts traditional method for planting to plant sedge, Fructus Adinae, maple in the opposite side of ruckle
Poplar, it is 0.3m × 0.3m × 0.5m that herbaceous plant kind plant hole adopts rectangle to excavate specification, and kind plant hole seeding row spacing is 0.5 × 0.5m,
Plantation about 3-4 row, it is 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m that the kind plant hole of shrub and dungarunga adopts rectangle to excavate specification, wherein Shrub Species
Plant hole seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.5m, plants about 4-5 row, and dungarunga kind plant hole seeding row spacing is 2 × 2m, and about 2-3 row, in isosceles triangle
Distribution, fill grass tall with experimental group is planted parallel distribution, sedge, Fructus Adinae, Pterocarya Stenoptera is vertically implanted in kind of plant hole, with test group
Safeguarded using identical method., plant plant hole 3 adopt rectangle excavate specification be 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, seeding row spacing be 1.5m ×
1.5m, isosceles triangle is distributed, and Fructus Adinae is vertically implanted in kind of plant hole 3, adopts identical method to safeguard with embodiment group.In 5-6
After 5 floods in month, on ruckle, the vegetation of plantation is all submerged, and in the group of embodiment, 80% Fructus Adinae preservation is good
Good, normal growth is developed, and has no breakage phenomenon.And the Fructus Adinae 50% in matched group is flushed away after meeting with flood, 20% is subject to
The suspension of river drifting substances exceedes itself load and is broken off, and storage rate is only 30%.In addition embodiment group Fructus Adinae root system is taken
Go out compared with matched group, the increasing degree of root system has no significant difference, show not affecting the normal of root system using the oblique method planted
Growth.
Invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the case of the flesh and blood without departing substantially from the present invention, art technology
Any deformation that personnel are contemplated that, improvement, replace and each fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method in riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants is it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Step 1)：The floristics choosing plantation include shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant；
Step 2)：Plant described in Season select of planting is suitable for the season growing；
Step 3)：Planting site is the gravel beach of riverbank land inland water ecotone, and the planting site in described gravel beach is apart from riverbank
In region between the ordinary water level 20m～200m in dry season；
Step 4)：Described gravel beach is carried out smooth, including：
Rubbish in described gravel beach is purged；
Remove the bulk gravel of described ruckle surface layer；
Step 5)：Setting growing area, described growing area includes flowing to parallel with river and being arranged in order to two sides direction from the middle of the river
Banding herbaceous plant plantation subregion, shrub plantation subregion and arbor plantation subregion；
Step 6)：Setting kind plant hole in described growing area, described kind of plant hole is in that isosceles triangle arranges；Described kind of plant hole includes shrub
Plant plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical of d0.5m × h0.5m
Triangular pyramidal, herbaceous plant is the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.3m × h0.5m, and the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction；
Step 7)：Described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant tilt to plant in kind of plant hole, and incline direction is identical with flow direction；
Step 8)：The sand grains soil that backfill is excavated, top layer big gravel gland, surrounding gravel enclosing, and in gravel surface ferrum
Silk screen is fixed on river shoal after covering, and pours first time water to the plant of described plantation；
Step 9)：In described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 is when 10 or afternoon
15 are watered when 18, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduce irrigation times after sprouting.
2. according to claim 1 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described shrub be water
Fructus Myricae rubrae, a leaf and five-leaved chaste tree, described arbor is Pterocarya Stenoptera, Cortex Sapii Radiciss, burmannii, show filal obedience bamboo, Radix Cinnamomi porrecti and cassia tree, described herbaceous plant is Canis familiaris L.
Root of the tooth, Herba Polygoni hydropiperiss, wrinkle leaf Herba Setariae Viridis and sedge.
3. according to claim 1 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described shrub plantation
The line-spacing in cave and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, and the line-spacing of described arbor kind plant hole and spacing in the rows are 2 meters, the line-spacing of described draft kind plant hole and
0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.
4. according to claim 3 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described kind of plant hole is pressed
According to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.
5. according to claim 1 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described kind of plant hole
Depth is 0.5 meter.
6. according to claim 1 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described shrub and Qiao
Wood is processed through root-inducing powder.
7. according to claim 1 riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants method it is characterised in that described kind of plant hole bottom
Layer discharges fertilizer, and in described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole, dose is 200g/, in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole
Dose is 10g/.
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| CN201410838272.9A CN104509411B (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2014-12-29 | Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank |
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| CN201410838272.9A CN104509411B (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2014-12-29 | Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank |
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| CN104509411B true CN104509411B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| CN105248141B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-07-20 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle |
| CN105519332B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-07-06 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of method of the exposed beach fast greening of land inland water ecotone |
| CN105706821B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2018-09-21 | 淳安县新安江开发总公司 | A kind of library bank falling zone step tree-planting method |
| CN107347426A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆市风景园林科学研究院 | A kind of falling zone barricade area vegetation implantation methods |
| CN107711257B (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2020-07-31 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Construction method of flood control vegetation on river bank |
| CN109892133B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2023-12-01 | 北京林业大学 | Ecological bag for hanging silts on river bank and land staggered zone and ecological restoration method using ecological bag |
| CN111296160B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-22 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Method for rapidly planting trees in front edge area for repairing vegetation on windward slope of island |
| CN114747433A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-15 | 上海海洋大学 | Multifunctional blue-green revetment construction method |
| CN117016305B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-03-19 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Vegetation restoration method and device for seedling planting with cave-type structure |
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