CN104472134A - Standard planting method of konjak hybrid seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a standard planting method of konjak hybrid seeds. The standard planting method comprises the specific steps of (1) storing the seeds through the winter and performing pretreatment before sowing, (2) selecting a land parcel in a region at the height above sea level of 900-1200m, applying decomposed farm manure or ash soil before sowing, next, spreading quick lime 5 for sterilizing and turning over, (3) sowing, including ridging, chemical weeding before sowing, single ridge and double-row forming, hole sowing or furrowing broadcast sowing, and shading with high-straw crop corn, (4) field management, including weeding, top dressing and disease preventing, (5) safe overwintering, namely not harvesting in the same year after natural sprout tumbling and withering and covering with soil by 3-6cm and with grass in winter, and (6) harvesting. The standard planting method of the konjak hybrid seeds is used for realizing standard planting of the konjak hybrid seeds and scientific basis is provided for normalized large-scale planting of the konjak; the shade degree is controlled by use of the high-straw crop corn to create cool and appropriate growth environment for the konjak, and therefore, the planting quality is ensured.

Description

Konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods, belong to cultivation of plants method and technology field, be applicable to the cultivation of konjaku growing area hybrid seed throughout the country.

Background technology

Konjaku contains higher glucomannan, it is a kind of solubility half fiber, there is gel, the performances such as plastic and significant fat-reducing, lipopenicillinase, hypoglycemic effect, the industry such as food, medicine, chemical industry, papermaking, weaving, oil can be widely used in, have the title of " health food " and " industrial monosodium glutamate ", market prospects are very wide.Along with the increase day by day of konjaku demand, cultivated area expands just year by year, but konjaku natural propagation speed is slow, breeding coefficient is lower, plant taro to be not suitable for adjusting kind at a distance, disease weight, standardized planting and administrative skill lack, cause the plantation of konjaku to be severely limited, thus affect further developing of konjaku; Current konjac seed reproduction coefficient is low, the seed problem that generally of poor quality, disease resistance is weak.

Konjaku hybrid seed is the miniature taro obtained through artificial or insect pollination between the different strain of konjaku that blooms, and 100-grain weight 15-0g is the provenance of high-quality; To layout demonstration at height above sea level 600-1100m, hybrid vigour is extremely strong, is not with virus, and leaf area index is high, and leafy rate reaches more than 80%, and weightening finish large 80-120 times of multiple, average single bulb is more than 20g, and bulb is cylindrical, within 3 years, can reach about 1kg, within 4-5 years, bloom.And easily packaging, preservation and long distance are introduced a fine variety.Also do not occur at present for konjaku hybrid seed corresponding cultivation techniques.For konjaku standardization, large-scale planting provide scientific basis.

Summary of the invention

In order to realize the standardized planting of konjaku hybrid seed, for konjaku standardization, large-scale planting provide scientific basis, the present invention proposes konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods.

For this reason, technical scheme of the present invention is: konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1) seed storage for the winter and sowing pre-treatment

Removing sarcotesta after konjaku hybrid seed results, after washing, is that 0.03% liquor potassic permanganate soaks with mass percent concentration, sterilization 10-20 minute, dry in the shade at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C or air-dry (must guard against and be exposed to the sun), then preserve at the temperature of 4-25 DEG C, keep relative moisture 50-60%; March next year takes out, and removes shrivelled grain, by agricultural streptomycin 200 times of immersion kinds 30 minutes, wraps up in clothing with quicklime or ash, air-dry, treats that bud is sprouted under being placed in the temperature of 27-33 DEG C;

(2) phenology and soil condition

In the region of height above sea level 900-1200 rice, select soil layer deep loose, the plot that the content of organic matter is high; Broadcast front mu and execute well-rotted farmyard manure or burnt dust-ashes 2000-2800 kilogram, then spread quicklime 50-60 kg/acre of sterilization, then turn over;

(3) sow

(3.1) ridging: the wide 40-50 in railway carriage or compartment, ridge centimetre, railway carriage or compartment, ridge height 20-30 centimetre;

(3.2) 7-10 days before sowing, sprays railway carriage or compartment, ridge with weed killer herbicide, chemical weed control;

(3.3) Dan Long railway carriage or compartment duplicate rows, den, cave is broadcast or is ditched and broadcasts sowing, spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre, line-spacing 10-20 centimetre, and mu broadcasts 3-4 jin konjaku hybrid seed; After planting, earthing 3-5 centimetre, then execute nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, accomplishes that seed manure is separated to konjaku hybrid seed; Mu nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 50-60 kilogram; Then, carry out the covering of face, railway carriage or compartment with straw or withered grass, play the effect emerging, preserve soil moisture and reduce surface temperature ahead of time; After planting disposablely water sufficient water, soil moisture remains on 80-90%;

(3.4) shelter from heat or light: every railway carriage or compartment, 2 ridges, plantation a line or duplicate rows corn, in the 6-9 last ten-days period month, ensures the shade density of 60-80%; After corn autumn harvest, cut down stalk, increase later stage illumination and improve output;

(4) field management

(4.1) weeding: before after planting emerging, on railway carriage or compartment, ridge, herbicide spraying carries out weeding before bud;

(4.2) topdress: between leaf stretching period after emerging, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-6 kilogram; July-mid-August, Zhan Yehou, every 15-20 days, is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray of 0.5% with mass percent concentration; (after September, then impose nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-6 kg/acre;

(4.3) diseases prevention: Qi Miaohou, every 10-15 days, first holder wettable powder 800 times of liquid that the 200 times of liquid of the agricultural streptomycin with 72% add 70% evenly spray; Further, infection diseased plant is removed in time;

(5) safe overwintering: naturally fall withered after seedling after, do not gather in the crops then, need earthing 3-6 centimetre winter and cover grass;

(6) gather in the crops: next year, konjaku falls seedling naturally, and before and after the Frost's Descent in Cold Dew, petiole does not rot front select strain and to gather konjaku hybrid seed completely.

Beneficial effect: the standardization plantation that present invention achieves konjaku hybrid seed, for konjaku standardization, large-scale planting provide scientific basis; Control shade density by long-stalked crop corn, for shady and cool suitable growth environment built by konjaku, thus ensure plantation quality.

instantiation mode

embodiment 1

Konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) seed storage for the winter and sowing pre-treatment

Removing sarcotesta after konjaku hybrid seed results, after washing, is that 0.03% liquor potassic permanganate soaks with mass percent concentration, sterilization 10-20 minute, dry in the shade at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C or air-dry (must guard against and be exposed to the sun), then preserve at the temperature of 4-15 DEG C, keep relative moisture 50-60%; March next year takes out, and removes shrivelled grain, by agricultural streptomycin 200 times of immersion kinds 30 minutes, wraps up in clothing with quicklime or ash, air-dry, is placed at the temperature of 27-33 DEG C and sprouts (bud sprout after, sow) until bud;

(2) phenology and soil condition

In the region of height above sea level 900-1200 rice, select soil layer deep loose, the plot that the content of organic matter is high; Broadcast front mu and execute well-rotted farmyard manure or burnt dust-ashes 2000-2800 kilogram, then spread quicklime 50-60 kg/acre of sterilization, then turn over;

(3) sow

(3.1) ridging (best south-north direction): railway carriage or compartment, ridge is wide 40 centimetres, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is high 20 centimetres;

(3.2) sow first 7 days, spray railway carriage or compartment, ridge with weed killer herbicide, chemical weed control;

(3.3) Dan Long railway carriage or compartment duplicate rows, den, cave is broadcast or is ditched and broadcasts sowing, spacing in the rows 12 centimetres, line-spacing 15 centimetres, and mu broadcasts 3 jin of konjaku hybrid seeds; After planting, earthing 3-5 centimetre, then sealing fertilizer, accomplish that seed manure is separated to konjaku hybrid seed; Mu nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (N, P, K are respectively containing 15%) 50 kilograms; Then, carry out the covering of face, railway carriage or compartment with straw or withered grass, play the effect emerging, preserve soil moisture and reduce surface temperature ahead of time; After planting disposablely water sufficient water, soil moisture remains on 80-90%;

(3.4) shelter from heat or light: every railway carriage or compartment, 2 ridges, plantation a line corn, in the 6-9 last ten-days period month, ensures the shade density of 60-80%; After corn autumn harvest, cut down stalk, increase later stage illumination and improve output;

(4) field management

(4.1) weeding: before after planting emerging, on railway carriage or compartment, ridge, herbicide spraying carries out weeding before bud;

(4.2) topdress: between leaf stretching period after emerging, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5 kilograms; July-mid-August, Zhan Yehou, every 15 days, is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray of 0.5% with mass percent concentration; After September, then impose nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5 kgs/acre;

(4.3) diseases prevention: Qi Miaohou, every 10 days, first holder wettable powder 800 times of liquid that the 200 times of liquid of the agricultural streptomycin with 72% add 70% evenly sprayed; Further, infection diseased plant is removed in time;

(5) safe overwintering: naturally fall withered after seedling after, do not gather in the crops then, need earthing 3-6 centimetre winter and cover grass;

(6) gather in the crops: next year, konjaku falls seedling naturally, and before and after the Frost's Descent in Cold Dew, petiole does not rot front select strain and to gather konjaku hybrid seed completely.

embodiment 2

Embodiment 2 is with the difference of embodiment 1: during step (3.4) is sheltered from heat or light, plant 2 row corns; All the other steps of embodiment 2 are identical with embodiment 1.

Above embodiment, just lists optimization embodiment of the present invention.In the present invention, as long as implement according to the disclosed technical scheme of " summary of the invention " part of this specification, can achieve the goal.

Claims (1)

1. konjaku hybrid seed standardization implantation methods, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) seed storage for the winter and sowing pre-treatment

Removing sarcotesta after konjaku hybrid seed results, after washing, is that 0.03% liquor potassic permanganate soaks with mass percent concentration, sterilization 10-20 minute, dry in the shade at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C or air-dry (must guard against and be exposed to the sun), then preserve at the temperature of 4-25 DEG C, keep relative moisture 50-60%; March next year takes out, and removes shrivelled grain, by agricultural streptomycin 200 times of immersion kinds 30 minutes, wraps up in clothing with quicklime or ash, air-dry, treats that bud is sprouted under being placed in the temperature of 27-33 DEG C;

(2) phenology and soil condition

In the region of height above sea level 900-1200 rice, select soil layer deep loose, the plot that the content of organic matter is high; Broadcast front mu and execute well-rotted farmyard manure or burnt dust-ashes 2000-2800 kilogram, then spread quicklime 50-60 kg/acre of sterilization, then turn over;

(3) sow

(3.1) ridging: the wide 40-50 in railway carriage or compartment, ridge centimetre, railway carriage or compartment, ridge height 20-30 centimetre;

(3.2) 7-10 days before sowing, sprays railway carriage or compartment, ridge with weed killer herbicide, chemical weed control;

(3.3) Dan Long railway carriage or compartment duplicate rows, den, cave is broadcast or is ditched and broadcasts sowing, spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre, line-spacing 10-20 centimetre, and mu broadcasts 3-4 jin konjaku hybrid seed; After planting, earthing 3-5 centimetre, then execute nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, accomplishes that seed manure is separated to konjaku hybrid seed; Mu nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 50-60 kilogram; Then, carry out the covering of face, railway carriage or compartment with straw or withered grass, play the effect emerging, preserve soil moisture and reduce surface temperature ahead of time; After planting disposablely water sufficient water, soil moisture remains on 80-90%;

(3.4) shelter from heat or light: every railway carriage or compartment, 2 ridges, plantation a line or duplicate rows corn, in the 6-9 last ten-days period month, ensures the shade density of 60-80%; After corn autumn harvest, cut down stalk, increase later stage illumination and improve output;

(4) field management

(4.1) weeding: before after planting emerging, on railway carriage or compartment, ridge, herbicide spraying carries out weeding before bud;

(4.2) topdress: between leaf stretching period after emerging, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-6 kilogram; July-mid-August, Zhan Yehou, every 15-20 days, is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray of 0.5% with mass percent concentration; (after September, then impose nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5-6 kg/acre;

(4.3) diseases prevention: Qi Miaohou, every 10-15 days, first holder wettable powder 800 times of liquid that the 200 times of liquid of the agricultural streptomycin with 72% add 70% evenly spray; Further, infection diseased plant is removed in time;

(5) safe overwintering: naturally fall withered after seedling after, do not gather in the crops then, need earthing 3-6 centimetre winter and cover grass;

(6) gather in the crops: next year, konjaku falls seedling naturally, and before and after the Frost's Descent in Cold Dew, petiole does not rot front select strain and to gather konjaku hybrid seed completely.