CN102523902A - High yield cultivation method for interplanting strawberries and melons - Google Patents
High yield cultivation method for interplanting strawberries and melons Download PDFInfo
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- CN102523902A CN102523902A CN2012100703563A CN201210070356A CN102523902A CN 102523902 A CN102523902 A CN 102523902A CN 2012100703563 A CN2012100703563 A CN 2012100703563A CN 201210070356 A CN201210070356 A CN 201210070356A CN 102523902 A CN102523902 A CN 102523902A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high yield cultivation method for interplanting strawberries and melons. The method comprises strawberry plantation and melon cultivation; strawberries in greenhouse are planted in the middle ten days of September and harvested in April; and melons are planted from April to June and harvested from July to September. The method comprises the following steps of: taking strawberries subjected to tissue culture and detoxification out of bottles, lightly lifting seedlings, cleaning a root medium, airing until water content is zero, planting into a seedling-raising disk filled with a substrate according to holes, and preventing cold damage, particularly preventing vain growth due to high temperature or poor ventilation, strengthening management, preventing high temperature and high humidity, timely removing diseased leaves and fruits to obviously lighten diseases in the whole growth period; and after the strawberries are harvested, removing strawberry plants and garbage in the greenhouse, applying 30kg of lime and 30kg of ammonium bicarbonate to each mu of land, turning soil, irrigating, sterilizing for 7 days by sealing the greenhouse, and culturing the melons according to the conventional cultivation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of strawberry interplanting muskmelon high-yield cultivating method.
Background technology
Fragaria perennial root perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, it is strong to have adaptability, plant is short and small, growth cycle is short, breeding rapidly, characteristic such as cost is low.Strawberry is prone to cultivation, can yield positive results then, and output is high, and listing early, and is good in economic efficiency.Generally per mu yield value then reaches 3 ~ 40,000 yuan, and net profit is peasant's " short, flat, fast " road of getting wealth also at 2 ~ 30,000 yuan.Because strawberry is bright in colour, unique flavor, sour-sweet can day, fragrant succulence, nutritious, be rich in multivitamin and amino acid, be loved by the people.It is main with the greenhouse by solar heat cultivation that present grass is suddenly produced many,
The purpose of greenhouse by solar heat cultivation is to impel strawberry precocious, realizes anti-season production, satisfies the market demand of producing dull season.Be to improve the yield and quality of strawberry, carried out the strawberry detoxication and tissue culture and grown seedlings and the research of nuisanceless production supporting technology, the susceptible rate of plant drops to 2% from original 30%.Greenhouse strawberry is in field planting mid-September, and gathering April finishes, and muskmelon is in 4-6 month field planting, and gathering for 7 ~ September finishes.Neither can influence the normal growth of strawberry, make full use of the greenhouse effect of strawberry booth simultaneously again, shorten the maturing stage of muskmelon, can increase substantially planting benefit sweet, waxy corn.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is realized by the following technical programs:
(1) grow seedlings: the strawberry stolon shoot tip meristem of drawing materials is a culture materials, in the desinfection chamber, earlier with 70% alcohol disinfecting 30s; With 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization, 6 ~ 8min, wash repeatedly 6 ~ 8 times with sterile water at last again, fully remove residual mercuric chloride; After peelling off bract of stem apex outermost layer; In this horizontal partial application in bract trace place, middle choose small growing point rapidly with dissecting needle in crosscut then, also can directly squeeze out growing point.With MS is minimal medium, sugaring 15 ~ 30g, agar 6g, the basic element of cell division 0.25 ~ 1.0mg, auximone 0.05 ~ 0.1mg.Bottle graft is gone into one and is connect material, and at 2 ~ 10 ℃, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 20002lx, light application time 12h every day, group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet is carried seedling gently, cleans the root medium, dries moisture, and hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix; Matrix is for respectively 1/3 formulated with turfy soil, humic bark, perlite, and in matrix, admixes dry chicken manure, stalk end and cake fertilizer.
(2) refining seedling: the strawberry seedling is grown on root media, root of hair, when root length is 0.5 ~ 1cm, opens bottle cap; In bottle, replenish a spot of sterile water with little sprayer; Cover bottleneck with film or glass then, continue to place culturing room to cultivate 5 days, under natural daylight, took exercise 3 ~ 4 days;
(3) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant; Nafusaku with 5 ~ 10 mg/kg before transplanting soaked root 2 ~ 6 hours, and is obvious to the hestening rooting effect, helps planting the back and becomes to live and growth.Before the field planting, in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m
2Execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, support ridger then, and about the high 20cm in ridge, ridge face width 55cm; The wide 25cm of furrow carries out when watering field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted and planting root unfolded placing in the cave, insert carefully then on, compacting; Mention seedling gently, make root system and on combine closely, water normal root water after planting immediately 1 time, amount is unsuitable excessive.
(3) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.Relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(4) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield, organic nutrient solution for cultivating such as 2003; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated.Prevent and treat and can spray 1:1:200 bordeaux mixture, Polyoxin, Sukeling, iprodione etc. before gray mold is bloomed, their early stage can spray 10% generation high-moisture shot agent 1000 ~ 1500 liquid or 1000 times of liquid of more than 50% mould clear pulvis; Prevent and treat bud blight, prevent high humidity, too much pour water, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, can spray Polyoxin squaring period; Leaf spot can be preceding in spending, adopt back spray 1200 times of liquid of 50% iprodione wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of Pola peace; Root rot can be used 800 times of liquid irrigating roots of 30% compound carbendazim; Powdery mildew can be sprayed three ketone, alkene mile alcohol, and per 666. 7m2 of also available 45% chlorothalonil smoke once use the lkg smoked kill.
(6) flower and fruit thinning: dredge to remove senior the flower that is prone to female sterile, extract sick fruit with
Too much young fruit;
(7) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk.
(8) muskmelon cultivation: at first remove strawberry plant and rubbish in the booth, every mu of liming 30kg, bicarbonate money 30kg dig, and pour water; Vexed booth sterilization 7 days is made single furrow or two furrow, the furrow face 60cm of single furrow; Ditch 40cm, two furrow furrow face 100cm, ditch 50cm; Every mu of fertilizer 1000Kg that executes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 25kg, composite fertilizer 50kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, spacing in the rows 35 ~ 40cm, after in time water normal root water; Cultivation method according to routine is cultivated muskmelon.
Embodiment
Below will carry out detailed description to the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment has been merely explanation the present invention, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
(1) grow seedlings: the strawberry stolon shoot tip meristem of drawing materials is a culture materials, in the desinfection chamber, earlier with 70% alcohol disinfecting 30s; With 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization, 6 ~ 8min, wash repeatedly 6 ~ 8 times with sterile water at last again, fully remove residual mercuric chloride; After peelling off bract of stem apex outermost layer; In this horizontal partial application in bract trace place, middle choose small growing point rapidly with dissecting needle in crosscut then, also can directly squeeze out growing point.With MS is minimal medium, sugaring 15 ~ 30g, agar 6g, the basic element of cell division 0.25 ~ 1.0mg, auximone 0.05 ~ 0.1mg.Bottle graft is gone into one and is connect material, and at 2 ~ 10 ℃, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 20002lx, light application time 12h every day, group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet is carried seedling gently, cleans the root medium, dries moisture, and hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix; Matrix is for respectively 1/3 formulated with turfy soil, humic bark, perlite, and in matrix, admixes dry chicken manure, stalk end and cake fertilizer.
(2) refining seedling: the strawberry seedling is grown on root media, root of hair, when root length is 0.5 ~ 1cm, opens bottle cap; In bottle, replenish a spot of sterile water with little sprayer; Cover bottleneck with film or glass then, continue to place culturing room to cultivate 5 days, under natural daylight, took exercise 3 ~ 4 days;
(3) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant; Nafusaku with 5 ~ 10 mg/kg before transplanting soaked root 2 ~ 6 hours, and is obvious to the hestening rooting effect, helps planting the back and becomes to live and growth.Before the field planting, in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m
2Execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, support ridger then, and about the high 20cm in ridge, ridge face width 55cm; The wide 25cm of furrow carries out when watering field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted and planting root unfolded placing in the cave, insert carefully then on, compacting; Mention seedling gently, make root system and on combine closely, water normal root water after planting immediately 1 time, amount is unsuitable excessive.
(3) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.Relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(4) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield, organic nutrient solution for cultivating such as 2003; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated.Prevent and treat and can spray 1:1:200 bordeaux mixture, Polyoxin, Sukeling, iprodione etc. before gray mold is bloomed, their early stage can spray 10% generation high-moisture shot agent 1000 ~ 1500 liquid or 1000 times of liquid of more than 50% mould clear pulvis; Prevent and treat bud blight, prevent high humidity, too much pour water, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, can spray Polyoxin squaring period; Leaf spot can be preceding in spending, adopt back spray 1200 times of liquid of 50% iprodione wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of Pola peace; Root rot can be used 800 times of liquid irrigating roots of 30% compound carbendazim; Powdery mildew can be sprayed three ketone, alkene mile alcohol, and per 666. 7m2 of also available 45% chlorothalonil smoke once use the lkg smoked kill.
(6) flower and fruit thinning: dredge to remove senior the flower that is prone to female sterile, extract sick fruit with
Too much young fruit;
(7) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk.
(8) muskmelon cultivation: at first remove strawberry plant and rubbish in the booth, every mu of liming 30kg, bicarbonate money 30kg dig, and pour water; Vexed booth sterilization 7 days is made single furrow or two furrow, the furrow face 60cm of single furrow; Ditch 40cm, two furrow furrow face 100cm, ditch 50cm; Every mu of fertilizer 1000Kg that executes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 25kg, composite fertilizer 50kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, spacing in the rows 35 ~ 40cm, after in time water normal root water; Cultivation method according to routine is cultivated muskmelon.
Claims (7)
1. a strawberry is interplanted muskmelon high-yielding non-pollution cultivation method, the cultivation of strawberry cultivating and muskmelon, and greenhouse strawberry is in field planting mid-September, and gathering April finishes, and muskmelon is in 4-6 month field planting, and gathering for 7 ~ September finishes, and it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) grow seedlings: group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet, carry seedling gently, clean the root medium, dry moisture, hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix;
(2) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant, and field planting is preceding with 5 * 10
-6Methyl soaks root system 2h, wipes out the old root of part black, imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg;
(3) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.
2. relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(4) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield organic nutrient solution for cultivating; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold and powdery mildew, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated;
(6) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk;
(7) muskmelon cultivation: at first remove strawberry plant and rubbish in the booth, every mu of liming 30kg, bicarbonate money 30kg dig, and pour water; Vexed booth sterilization 7 days is made single furrow or two furrow, the furrow face 60cm of single furrow; Ditch 40cm, two furrow furrow face 100cm, ditch 50cm; Every mu of fertilizer 1000Kg that executes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 25kg, composite fertilizer 50kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, spacing in the rows 35 ~ 40cm, after in time water normal root water; Cultivation method according to routine is cultivated muskmelon.
3. a kind of strawberry interplanting muskmelon high-yield cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: mixes with turfy soil, humic bark, the dry chicken manure of perlite preparation matrix nutrition soil, stalk end and cake fertilizer and admixes cultivation matrix, or per 666.7 m
2Execute chicken manure 5 000 kg that become thoroughly decomposed, urea 30 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, potassium sulphate 50 kg plough deeply, flatten, harrow thin.
4. a kind of strawberry interplanting muskmelon high-yield cultivating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the extermination of disease and insect pest of step (5) comprises gray mold: guarantee ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, reduce humidity.
5. chemical control can use 400 ~ 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder to spray, or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid sprays, or 300-500 times of liquid of 50% captan wetting powder sprays, and from the sick rational application of fertilizer of powder, avoids nitrogen application too much.
6. chemical control can be with 25% triadimefon 3000-5000 times liquid before blooming, or 1500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder spray, and begins to spray medicine before buddingging, and spray in every 5-7 days 1 time connects and sprays 3-4 time.
7. a kind of strawberry interplanting muskmelon high-yield cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: before the field planting, execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m2; Chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, and support ridger then is about the high 20cm in ridge; Ridge face width 55cm, the wide 25cm of furrow carries out and waters field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102893786A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 南京绿星农业科技有限公司 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
| CN103070059A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-05-01 | 阜阳市王冰生态农业科技有限公司 | Strawberry soilless culture medium |
| CN104541856A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 界首市代桥镇宏伟家庭农场 | Strawberry growing technology |
| CN104719049A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | Saxifraga-stolonifera-meerb greenhouse-planting pest control method |
| CN105359949A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for improving planting survival rate of strawberry elevated substrate culture |
| CN105393772A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 湖北省农科院中药材研究所 | Planting method of intercropping Badong levisticum |
| CN105660096A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-15 | 袁朝冬 | Strawberry and mangnolia officinalis mixed planting method |
| CN106888788A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of mini watermelon and muskmelon solid interplanting method |
| CN107691133A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving melon yield |
| CN109197543A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of acclimation method of Plantlets of Strawberry |
| CN109485476A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of south greenhouse thick-skinned melon cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN109673415A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-26 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of blackberry, blueberry and strawberry interplanting |
| CN110731214A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for efficiently preventing and treating strawberry virus diseases by early insect prevention method |
| CN115316201A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | H-shaped pruning method for interplanting strawberries and melons |
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| CN102893786A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 南京绿星农业科技有限公司 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
| CN103070059A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-05-01 | 阜阳市王冰生态农业科技有限公司 | Strawberry soilless culture medium |
| CN104541856A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 界首市代桥镇宏伟家庭农场 | Strawberry growing technology |
| CN104719049A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | Saxifraga-stolonifera-meerb greenhouse-planting pest control method |
| CN105359949A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for improving planting survival rate of strawberry elevated substrate culture |
| CN105393772B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-07-24 | 恩施九州通中药发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of the east of Sichuan Radix Angelicae Pubescentis interplanting |
| CN105393772A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 湖北省农科院中药材研究所 | Planting method of intercropping Badong levisticum |
| CN105660096A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-15 | 袁朝冬 | Strawberry and mangnolia officinalis mixed planting method |
| CN106888788A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of mini watermelon and muskmelon solid interplanting method |
| CN109673415A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-26 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of blackberry, blueberry and strawberry interplanting |
| CN107691133A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving melon yield |
| CN109485476A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of south greenhouse thick-skinned melon cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN109197543A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of acclimation method of Plantlets of Strawberry |
| CN110731214A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for efficiently preventing and treating strawberry virus diseases by early insect prevention method |
| CN115316201A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | H-shaped pruning method for interplanting strawberries and melons |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |