CN104262055A - Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents

Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104262055A
CN104262055A CN201410508169.8A CN201410508169A CN104262055A CN 104262055 A CN104262055 A CN 104262055A CN 201410508169 A CN201410508169 A CN 201410508169A CN 104262055 A CN104262055 A CN 104262055A
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chinese medicine
organic fertilizer
medicine slag
fertilizer
medicine residue
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CN201410508169.8A
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CN104262055B (en
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张璟璟
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Institute of S&T Information, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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张璟璟
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer. Wastes after extraction of Chinese traditional medicines can be fully utilized, utilization of waste materials is realized, and a bactericidal and insect disease preventing organic fertilizer full of nutritional ingredients is also provided for agricultural production. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals, solid waste, bacillus subtilis and EM. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer has the advantages that the Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals and solid waste are mixed, biological fermentation bacteria are added for carrying out rapid fermentation, organic fertilizer is processed, waste materials are changed into things of value, harm is turned into good, the problem of treatment of abandoned herb residue produced by a Chinese medicine factory is solved, and waste treatment cost is also greatly reduced, so that a win-win situation of environmental protection and economic development is realized. By adopting the organic fertilizer made from the Chinese medicine residue, soil can be effectively improved, crop pest also can be effectively prevented, and quality, yield and safety of crops are improved.

Description

A kind of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer and production method thereof, belong to agricultural biological technical field.
Background technology
Culture of TCM in the history of state-owned several thousand, Chinese medicine is one of rarity of our country, and the Chinese medicinal materials starting material composition that can be extracted is average less than 6% in fact.There is traditional Chinese medicine enterprise 1636 current inland of China, and annual consumption plant medicinal material about 700,000 tons, produces the dregs of a decoction and reach millions of tons.The mode of conventional process Chinese medicine dreg is buried or is burned, both land occupations, the pollutents such as the volume of smoke produced again, carbonic acid gas, sulfurous gas, and processing requirements is high and expense is large, becomes the thorny problem that traditional Chinese medicine enterprise faces.
Chinese medicine slag is often containing a certain amount of activeconstituents and a large amount of robust fibre, crude fat, starch, Crude polysaccharides, amino acid, inorganic nutrients composition.Recent study finds that Chinese medicine slag has multiple organic components and gac composition after extracting, and after thermophilic fermentation, contributes to improving soil, increases soil fertility.The fiber that many Chinese medicine contains is fewer, as the Radix Astragali, cultivated land, cassia bark etc., loosely organized, can improve loosing soil degree energetically.And Chinese medicine dreg is after bioactivation, containing organic matters such as abundant N P and K, for society has saved resource, meet the requirement of recycling economy development.But current existing Chinese medicine slag fertilizer great majority do not possess effect of disease control.Can't meet at present for the demand of many effects Chinese medicine slag fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer, the waste after traditional Chinese medicine extraction can be made full use of, realize utilization of waste material, one can be provided to have sterilization, prevention and elimination of disease and pests for agriculture production again, and the fertilizer of rich in nutrition content.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer, by weight, comprises Chinese medicine slag 50-60 part, excrement of animals 10-20 part, solid waste 10-20 part, subtilis 0.5-1 part, EM bacterium 0.5-1 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag is the residue after the traditional Chinese medicine extraction such as rheum officinale 10-30 part, Radix Astragali 10-30 part, kuh-seng 10-30 part, golden cypress 10-20 part, Root of Indigowoad 10-20 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 10-20 part, Radix Codonopsis 10-30 part, pomegranate rind 10-15 part, sweet wormwood 10-15 part, Fructus Cnidii 10-15 part, Root-bark of Densefruit Pittany 10-15 part.
Described solid waste is stalk, rice husk, plant ash, food-processing tankage etc.
Described excrement of animals can be the ight soil of all livestock poultry such as pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, chicken manure, duck excrement etc.
The production method of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer of the present invention is: join in fermentation vat by Chinese medicine slag, excrement of animals, solid waste, add water and stir, and the material moisture after stirring, between 50%-55%, guarantees loose good permeability.Then by soluble in water for the EM bacterium of whole subtilis and total amount 50%, be sprayed at after being uniformly mixed on the material of fermentation vat, then turn over and push away several times, true fungus preserving liquid and mixing of materials even.Cover tightly with plastic cloth, fermentation 7-10 days, detects temperature of charge in fermenting process, if heap body core temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, turns in time and pushes away cooling, maintains leavening temperature between 35-40 DEG C.The mixing of remaining EM bacterium is added after fermentation ends.Turn over leavening temperature in fermenting process and push away, one is ventilative, oxygen supply in stockpile, promotes the fermentation maturity of material; Two be stir evenly, be that top layer material can translate into inside; Three be make the disease microorganism on top layer by high temperature, sick worm's ovum also thoroughly killed.Add again a certain amount of EM bacterium after fermentation, fully ensure that vigor and the balance of flora in bacterial manure.Bacterial activity is good, and after being manured into soil, reproductivity is stronger, due to the symbiotic relationship of flora, just effectively can drive the breeding of whole flora, improves unit surface viable bacteria number.More effectively can play the effect of fertilizer.
Chinese medicine slag fertilizer of the present invention has following features:
(1) pollution-free, nuisanceless.The present invention adopts natural organic substance to ferment, and for crop provides natural organotrophy, avoids the pollution that chemical fertilizer and chemical bactericide bring.
(2) scientific formulation, nutrient are complete.The present invention carries out scientific matching according to farm crop regulation of fertilizer requirement.Except containing except the medium trace element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macronutrient and calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, boron, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, also containing a large amount of organic matter, humic acid material, nutrient is complete, fertilizer is balanced, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting.
(3) activating soil, increase fertilizer efficiency.Fertilizer of the present invention has the effect of assisting potential nutrients in release soil.Can chessom, strengthen soil aggregate, improve preserve moisture and fertility ability, increase the soil organism.
(4) improve product quality, reduce harmful accumulation.Due to the effect of the live bacteria agent in fertilizer of the present invention, improve product quality, in part crop, VC content improves 30%-40%, and soluble sugar can improve 1-4 degree.Product features good taste, fresh keeping time are long, for shelf-stable.
(5) soil-borne disease is suppressed.Bio-fertilizer of the present invention can promote that crop rhizosphere beneficial microorganism is bred, and improves crop rhizosphere ecotope.The increase of beneficial microorganism and disease-resistant factor, also can reduce infecting of soil-borne disease detailedly, reduces the disease index of continuous cropping crop, uses year after year and greatly can alleviate continuous cropping obstacle.
The total total nutrient content of fertilizer of the present invention: N P and K >=4%, ten thousand/gram, active beneficial microorganism >=2000, organic >=25.0%, moisture≤30.0%, pH value 6.0-8.0.The harmful heavy metal content such as arsenic, lead, chromium, mercury, cadmium are lower, meet relevant criterion.
Chinese medicine slag, excrement of animals mix with solid waste by the present invention; add biological fermentation bacterium and carry out quick fermentation; be processed into organic fertilizer; turn waste into wealth; turn harm into good; both solved the process problem that the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine discards the dregs of a decoction, and greatly reduced again offal treatment cost, achieve the doulbe-sides' victory of environment protection and Economic development.Use the fertilizer be made up of Chinese medicine slag, effectively can not only improve soil, effectively can also prevent crop pest, improve the quality of crop, output and security.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1. 1 kinds of Chinese medicine slag fertilizers, comprise Chinese medicine slag 60 parts, excrement of animals 20 parts, solid waste 20 parts, subtilis 1 part, EM bacterium 1 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag is the residue after the traditional Chinese medicine extraction such as rheum officinale 30 parts, the Radix Astragali 30 parts, kuh-seng 30 parts, golden cypress 20 parts, Root of Indigowoad 20 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20 parts, Radix Codonopsis 30 parts, pomegranate rind 15 parts, sweet wormwood 15 parts, Fructus Cnidii 15 parts, Root-bark of Densefruit Pittany 15 parts.
Join in fermentation vat by Chinese medicine slag, excrement of animals, solid waste, add water and stir, the material moisture after stirring, between 50%-55%, guarantees loose good permeability.Then by soluble in water for the EM bacterium of whole subtilis and total amount 50%, be sprayed at after being uniformly mixed on the material of fermentation vat, then turn over and push away several times, true fungus preserving liquid and mixing of materials even.Cover tightly with plastic cloth, fermentation 7-10 days, detects temperature of charge in fermenting process, if heap body core temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, turns in time and pushes away cooling, maintains leavening temperature between 35-40 DEG C.The mixing of remaining EM bacterium is added after fermentation ends.
Embodiment 2. 1 kinds of Chinese medicine slag fertilizers, comprise Chinese medicine slag 50 parts, excrement of animals 10 parts, solid waste 10 parts, subtilis 0.5 part, EM bacterium 0.5 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag is the residue after the traditional Chinese medicine extraction such as rheum officinale 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 10 parts, kuh-seng 10 parts, golden cypress 10 parts, Root of Indigowoad 10 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 10 parts, Radix Codonopsis 10 parts, pomegranate rind 10 parts, sweet wormwood 10 parts, Fructus Cnidii 10 parts, Root-bark of Densefruit Pittany 10 parts.
Production method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3. 1 kinds of Chinese medicine slag fertilizers, comprise Chinese medicine slag 55 parts, excrement of animals 15 parts, solid waste 15 parts, subtilis 0.8 part, EM bacterium 0.6 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag is the residue after the traditional Chinese medicine extraction such as rheum officinale 20 parts, the Radix Astragali 20 parts, kuh-seng 20 parts, golden cypress 15 parts, Root of Indigowoad 15 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 15 parts, Radix Codonopsis 20 parts, pomegranate rind 12 parts, sweet wormwood 12 parts, Fructus Cnidii 12 parts, Root-bark of Densefruit Pittany 12 parts.
Production method is identical with embodiment 1.
Test example 1 manure trial
To carry out increasing production experiment to different crops respectively in Shouguang in 2013, experimental design and the results are shown in Table 1.Test group: adopt the embodiment of the present invention 1 fertilizer group; Control group: not organic fertilizer; Other field management, fertilising, irrigation etc. are all identical.
Table 1 fertilizer of the present invention is to the effect of increasing production of Different Crop
As can be seen from experimental result, fertilizer of the present invention to tomato, muskmelon, watermelon by obvious volume increase and the effect improving quality.
Test example 2 pairs of ginger diseases prevention effect
Tested ginger diseases prevention effect in Shouguang in 2013, test group uses the embodiment of the present invention 3 Chinese medicine slag fertilizer, and control group uses common commercially available fertilizer.The ginger kind of control group and test group all uses ginger seed soaking agent, and the field management such as other field management, fertilising, irrigation are all identical.
Process Fertilization Level tested by table 2
Test site 660m 2, plantation great Jiang 4800 strain, test group and each 330m of control group 2.In investigation result harvesting time.Result display bacterial wilt of ginger sickness rate test group is 10.5%, and control group is 64.2%; Root rot sickness rate test group is 15.3%, and control group is 65.8%; Stem rot sickness rate test group is 5.7%, and control group is 61.4%.From test-results, use the ginger bacterial wilt of ginger of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer of the present invention, root rot, stem rot sickness rate significantly decline.And be conducive to the quality and yield improving ginger, environmentally safe.What contain harmful mushroom in Chinese medicine slag fertilizer of the present invention kills the effective constituent with resistancing action, directly play scavenging(action), and validity period is long after being manured into soil.

Claims (4)

1. a Chinese medicine slag fertilizer, is characterized in that, by weight, comprises Chinese medicine slag 50-60 part, excrement of animals 10-20 part, solid waste 10-20 part, subtilis 0.5-1 part, EM bacterium 0.5-1 part.
2. Chinese medicine slag fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine slag is the residue after the traditional Chinese medicine extraction such as rheum officinale 10-30 part, Radix Astragali 10-30 part, kuh-seng 10-30 part, golden cypress 10-20 part, Root of Indigowoad 10-20 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 10-20 part, Radix Codonopsis 10-30 part, pomegranate rind 10-15 part, sweet wormwood 10-15 part, Fructus Cnidii 10-15 part, Root-bark of Densefruit Pittany 10-15 part.
3. Chinese medicine slag fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solid waste is stalk, rice husk, plant ash, food-processing tankage etc.
4. the production method of the arbitrary described Chinese medicine slag fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: Chinese medicine slag, excrement of animals, solid waste are joined in fermentation vat, add water and stir, the material moisture after stirring, between 50%-55%, guarantees loose good permeability; Then by soluble in water for the EM bacterium of whole subtilis and total amount 50%, be sprayed at after being uniformly mixed on the material of fermentation vat, then turn over and push away several times, true fungus preserving liquid and mixing of materials even; Cover tightly with plastic cloth, fermentation 7-10 days, detects temperature of charge in fermenting process, if heap body core temperature is higher than 50 DEG C, turns in time and pushes away cooling, maintains leavening temperature between 35-40 DEG C; The mixing of remaining EM bacterium is added after fermentation ends.
CN201410508169.8A 2014-09-28 2014-09-28 A kind of Chinese medicine slag fertilizer and production method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104262055B (en)

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