CN103980066A - Special fertilizer for garlic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for garlic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103980066A CN103980066A CN201410236296.7A CN201410236296A CN103980066A CN 103980066 A CN103980066 A CN 103980066A CN 201410236296 A CN201410236296 A CN 201410236296A CN 103980066 A CN103980066 A CN 103980066A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer for garlic and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The fertilizer solves the problems of no pertinence to garlic, low fertilizer efficiency and the like in the existing fertilizers. The special fertilizer for garlic comprises a base fertilizer and a supplementary fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer is a fermentation product with the water content of 10-15 wt%, which is prepared by fermenting 100 parts of marsh gas waste residue, 30 parts of tree leaf, 15 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of garlic straw, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine component, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of diammonium orthophosphate and 20 parts of urea in an inoculant solution; and the supplementary fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of diammonium orthophosphate, 5 parts of sulfur, 1 part of 70% fosetyl aluminum manganese zinc wettable powder and 1 part of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder. The fertilizer conforms to the fertilizer demand law of garlic, is suitable for application to garlic in the whole process, can obviously enhance the yield and quality of the garlic, and can lower the morbidity of various diseases in the garlic planting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, especially a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Garlic has become the indispensable condiment of mankind's daily life at present, also has in addition treatment and health-care effect, for example stomach invigorating in temperature, and the removing toxic substances desinsection of regulating the flow of vital energy that helps digestion, swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal is stopped dysentery.At present, domestic and international market is always all very stable to the demand of garlic, and China's garlic outlet accounts for agricultural byproducts and exports total a big chunk share, and therefore, planting garlic area also expands gradually, and output improves constantly.The Garlic yield of China accounts for the more than 70% of global ultimate production, and the planting garlic area of China reaches 700,000 hectares of left and right, accounts for the more than 60% of global planting garlic area, and major production base concentrates on Shandong, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Anhui etc.China's garlic industry development is good, and there is good broad space in market.
In planting garlic process, the rational application of fertilizer is the important factor that ensures output and quality, investigate according to Garlic Fertilization, find that garlic producing region soil fertility is low, Fertilizer application is science not, as fails according to kind and the quantity of the regulation of fertilizer requirement decision fertilizer of soil nutrient status and different varieties garlic, cause Garlic yield to reduce sharply, quality variation, the economic benefit of peasant planting garlic glides, utilization rate of fertilizer and apply fertilizer low in economic efficiency.
On the other hand, at present China has become one of country of agriculture waste biomass generation maximum in the world, it is reported, the raw amount of gross annual output of all kinds of agricultural crop straws of China reaches more than 700,000,000 tons, wherein 2.3 hundred million tons of straw, 2.7 hundred million tons of maize straws, 100,000,000 tons of peanut, beans and autumn coarse cereals stalks.The easiest way of Treating straw is directly to burn down on the farm at present.Burning season, once repeatedly occurring to be forced to close event because smog all over the sky causes flight to land with motorway, both wasting a large amount of precious resources, bringing severe contamination to environment again.Therefore agriculture waste biomass outlet has become a great problem that government department's urgent need solves.Particularly, along with the raising of level of agricultural production development and life of farmers level, fewer and feweri to utilizing of the original agriculture waste biomass as fuel and fertilizer, agricultural wastes are more and more.
The fertilizer great majority that provide are in the market all more single, and whole process is used fertilizer of the same race, or user is independently selected different fertilizer by rule of thumb, when selecting to use multiple fertilizer, without choice criteria, can not reach system fertilization again, not reach the effect of high yield.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.This garlic dedicated fertilizer meets the regulation of fertilizer requirement of garlic, is applicable to garlic whole process and uses, and can significantly improve the output and quality of garlic, reduces the sickness rate of soil-borne disease.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of garlic special fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises base manure and topdresses,
Described base manure be by the raw material of following weight percent through the ferment tunning of the water content 10wt%～15wt% obtaining of inoculation bacterium liquid,
20 parts, 100 parts, biogas waste residue, 30 parts of leaves, 15 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of garlic stalks, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicinal components, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: 10 parts of black false hellebores, 10 parts of trifoliate jewelvines, 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of trypterygines, 10 parts of pseudolariciss, 10 parts of Kadsura Root-barks, 1 part of pomegranate rind;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
15 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts, sulphur, 1 part of 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, 1 part of 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of garlic special fertilizer, it is characterized in that,
The preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) take the raw material of base manure according to above-mentioned weight percent, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality compares for 1:100 stirs, and must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that in step (1), take are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, ferments 7～10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that in step (1), take, mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt%～15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method who topdresses is as follows:
Take the raw material topdressing according to above-mentioned weight percent, mix, granulate.
The present invention also provides a kind of application process of garlic dedicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that, applies fertilizer altogether 3 times, and concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) fertilising first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm when high, uses and topdresses, and amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again to use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
EM bacterium is the multiple-microorganism compositions such as photosynthetic bacterium, lactobacillus, yeast flora.It can utilize soil accept solar thermal energy or taking ultraviolet ray as the energy, hydrogen in hydrogen sulfide in soil and hydrocarbon polymer is separated, change objectionable impurities is innoxious substance, and taking secretory product, organism, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, the nitrogen etc. of plant root as matrix, synthetic carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamins, nitrogen compound and physiologically active substance.It has complex structure, stable performance, multiple functional advantage, for various farm crop, comprises paddy and wheat, beans, potato, corn, oil plant, cotton, fiber crops, sugarcane, cigarette, vegetables, flowers, tealeaves, fruit tree, medicinal material, edible mushrooms etc.Can make farm crop give stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, effectively prevent disease and pest.Strengthen plant metabolism, promote photosynthesis and strengthening blade protection film, opposing pathogenic bacteria, well developed root system when short, makes into the phase in advance.Produce antimicrobial substance, suppress harmful microorganism breeding, produce benefit materials and prevent and treat various diseases of crops.In profitable strain and soil, the symbiosis such as actinomycetes is grown altogether, forms good crop growth environment, improves the fertile matter of soil, and chessom, thoroughly improves soil property.The quality of crop is improved.
Black false hellebore: hardship; Pungent; Cold; Poisonous, return lung; Stomach; Liver Channel, function cures mainly: gush leaf wind phlegm; Desinsection.Main apoplexy phlegm is stopped up; Epilepsy; Malaria; Mange; Dislike sore.
Trifoliate jewelvine: nature and flavor toil; Temperature; Poisonous, return Liver Channel, function cures mainly: blood stasis removing analgesic, killing parasites to relieve itching.Main treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, arthralgia, mange, eczema.
Celastrus angulatus, has another name called Ramulus et Folium Pcrasmae (Cortex Picrasmae), nature and flavor hardship; Cold; Mild toxicity, returns liver; The spleen channel, function cures mainly: heat-clearing and damp-drying drug; Removing toxic substances desinsection.Main eczema; Sore; Mange; Ascariasis; Acute gastroenteritis.
Trypterygine: nature and flavor hardship; Pungent; Large poison, the thoughts of returning home; Liver Channel, function cures mainly: dispel rheumatism; Promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels; Swelling and pain relieving; Desinsection removing toxic substances.Main classes rheumatic arthritis; Rheumatic arthritis; Glomerulonephritis; Nephrotic syndrome; Lupus erythematosus; Mouth xerophthalmia scheorma syndrome; Behcet's disease; Eczema; Psoriatic; Leprosy; Scabies; Stubborn dermatitis.
Pseudolaricis: nature and flavor are pungent, temperature.Poisonous.Function cures mainly: Anti-Puritic and insecticidal.For trick tinea, neurodermatitis, eczema, leprosy dysentery head.External application root skin or near root bark steeping in wine (pseudolaricis tincture) are outer to be put on the skin; Or porphyrize powder dresses affected part with vinegar.
Kadsura Root-bark: nature and flavor hardship; Flat, return liver; The spleen channel, function cures mainly: invigorates blood circulation, treating stranguria, removing toxic substances.Main menoxenia, the stagnant stomachache of the stasis of blood, rheumatic arthralgia, urine leaching pain, larynx numbness, carbuncle is swollen, mange, wound, snake bite and insect sting.
Pomegranate rind: nature and flavor acid, puckery, temperature.Return large intestine channel.Function cures mainly: relieving diarrhea with astringents, hemostasis, expelling parasite.For rushing down for a long time, protracted dysentery, has blood in stool, prolapse of the anus, uterine bleeding, leukorrhea, abdominal pain due to worm stagnation.
" burning seedling " phenomenon is exactly because of reasons such as starter quality, and make to ferment for the first time not thorough, thereby " Secondary Fermentation " occurs again, the microorganism of Fast-propagation and crop root contention oxygen in " Secondary Fermentation ", thus produce " burning seedling " phenomenon.Use microorganism fermentation can make fertilizer fermentation more thorough, unlikely generation Secondary Fermentation causes and burns seedling phenomenon.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) garlic is in process of growth, to moisture fertilizer requirement all higher, in base manure, abundant organic matter and beneficial microorganism can promote the formation of soil aggregate, greatly improve the microecosystem environment of soil, strengthen the gas permeability of soil and Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil, improved the ability of the sustainable increasing both production and income of soil, and in base manure, contained traditional Chinese medicinal components, there is the effect of desinsection, avoid the insect pest in later stage; Meanwhile, this several Chinese medicine itself for organic, also for garlic provides nutrient, has double effects through fermentation.
(2) while preparing fertilizer, biogas waste residue, leaf, plant ash, garlic stalk agricultural wastes are used, reach the effect of utilization of waste material, the content of the various materials in garlic stalk is also relatively applicable to the growth of garlic, uses bacterium goods to ferment, and makes fertilizer slaking more thorough sooner, reach better effect, and after organic materials is become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly, execute in ground and can not produce " burning seedling " phenomenon, use very safe.Simultaneously, the microorganism of adding can be taking the secretory product of plant root, organism, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc. as matrix, synthetic carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamins, nitrogen compound and physiologically active substance, can make farm crop give stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, effectively prevent disease and pest.Produce antimicrobial substance, suppress harmful microorganism breeding, produce benefit materials and prevent and treat various diseases of crops.In profitable strain and soil, the symbiosis such as actinomycetes is grown altogether, forms good crop growth environment, improves the fertile matter of soil, and chessom, thoroughly improves soil property.The quality of crop is improved.
(3) garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is the regulation of fertilizer requirement that meets crop, is applicable to the special omnidistance applying fertilizer of garlic, has eliminated blindly fertilising of peasant, need repeatedly select the puzzlement of fertilizer.
(4) preparation of garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is fairly simple, uses after fertilizer of the present invention, and garlic per mu yield improves more than 20%, and during planting garlic, the sickness rate of various diseases is almost nil.
Embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples, embodiment should not regard limiting the scope of the present invention as.
Embodiment
A kind of garlic special fertilizer, comprises base manure and topdresses,
Described base manure be by the raw material of following weight percent through the ferment tunning of the water content 10wt%～15wt% obtaining of inoculation bacterium liquid,
20 parts, 100 parts, biogas waste residue, 30 parts of leaves, 15 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of garlic stalks, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicinal components, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: 10 parts of black false hellebores, 10 parts of trifoliate jewelvines, 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of trypterygines, 10 parts of pseudolariciss, 10 parts of Kadsura Root-barks, 1 part of pomegranate rind;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
15 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts, sulphur, 1 part of 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, 1 part of 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder.
The preparation method of above-mentioned garlic special fertilizer, the preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) take the raw material of base manure according to above-mentioned weight percent, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality compares for 1:100 stirs, and must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that in step (1), take are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, ferments 7～10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that in step (1), take, mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt%～15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method who topdresses is as follows:
Take the raw material topdressing according to above-mentioned weight percent, mix, granulate.
The application process of above-mentioned garlic dedicated fertilizer, applies fertilizer 3 times altogether, and concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) fertilising first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm when high, uses and topdresses, and amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again to use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
According to using method of the present invention by products obtained therefrom the effect in actual proportion of crop planting as follows:
Test in areas such as Jining, Shandong Province, Heze.
Embodiment mono-:
Experimental group and control group are all set 3 groups.Fertile soil, water conservancy condition is better, for trying object: garlic.
Experimental group: experimental group, by method of the present invention, is used the garlic dedicated fertilizer that the present invention produces, first fertilising: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu; Secondary fertilising: garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm when high, uses and topdresses, and amount of application is 30kg/ mu; Three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again to use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
Control group: use the fertilizer such as commercially available composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate, use mineral manure 200kg for every mu, divide and use for three times, every minor tick one month.
Other management conditions are all consistent.
Experimental group and control group all carry out 3 groups of Experimental Comparisons, and experimental result sees the following form 1.
Table 1. garlic contrast and experiment
Use microorganism organic fertilizer of the present invention garlic is had to obvious production-increasing function.Experimental group is compared with control group, and average mu stimulation ratio is respectively 20.2%, 21.7%, 23.6%, average stimulation ratio 21.83%.And soil quality increases, the infiltration of soil, water conservation, venting capability strengthen, and soil-borne disease insect pest significantly reduces, and the quality of garlic is also significantly increased, visual inspection, and appearance luster is all better.
Contrast is used fertilizer of the present invention and is used commercially available common chemical fertilizer, uses 3 years, and soil quality significantly improves, and the infiltration of soil, water conservation, venting capability strengthen.Soil-borne disease insect pest phenomenon does not occur.
Claims (3)
1. a garlic special fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise base manure and topdress,
Described base manure be by the raw material of following weight percent through the ferment tunning of the water content 10wt%～15wt% obtaining of inoculation bacterium liquid,
20 parts, 100 parts, biogas waste residue, 30 parts of leaves, 15 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of garlic stalks, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicinal components, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: 10 parts of black false hellebores, 10 parts of trifoliate jewelvines, 10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 10 parts of trypterygines, 10 parts of pseudolariciss, 10 parts of Kadsura Root-barks, 1 part of pomegranate rind;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
15 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts, sulphur, 1 part of 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, 1 part of 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder.
2. a preparation method for garlic special fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) weight percent according to claim 1 takes the raw material of base manure, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality compares for 1:100 stirs, and must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that in step (1), take are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, ferments 7～10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that in step (1), take, mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt%～15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method who topdresses is as follows:
Weight percent according to claim 1 takes the raw material topdressing, and mixes, and granulates.
3. the application process of garlic dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, applies fertilizer altogether 3 times, and concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) fertilising first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm when high, uses and topdresses, and amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again to use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
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| CN104591891A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 安徽省霍山县益生源生态农业开发有限公司 | Granular controlled release fertilizer for Dendrobium officinale and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104761406A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Special green Chinese onion fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104396473A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-03-11 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | White garlic planting method |
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| CN104692936A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-10 | 杨树东 | Fertilizer capable of improving yield of garlic |
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| CN105061097A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Cherry fertilizer and preparation method therefor |
| CN105884553A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 卿厚英 | Honeysuckle rejuvenation fertilizer and applying method thereof |
| CN106818180A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 | The high yield cultivating method that a kind of corn is interplanted with garlic |
| CN108324607A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 磐安县派普特生物科技有限公司 | The method that Substance is extracted from plant |
| CN108498394A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 磐安县派普特生物科技有限公司 | Plant extracts with antibacterial anti-inflammatory effect |
| CN109699435A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-03 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Intensive garlic producing region nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source prevention and control ecological matrix and production method |
| CN111892448A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Garlic fertilizer and application method thereof |
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| CN103980066B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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Address after: 251400 Shandong City, Ji'nan province Jiyang County town of the Yellow River Road West, Sun Lunan Patentee after: Shandong Barton chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd. Address before: 251400 Shandong City, Ji'nan province Jiyang County town of the Yellow River Road West, Sun Lunan Patentee before: Jinan Badun Fertilizer Co., Ltd. |