CN103621296A - High ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method for autumn potatoes in semi-late rice field - Google Patents
High ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method for autumn potatoes in semi-late rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103621296A CN103621296A CN201310640372.6A CN201310640372A CN103621296A CN 103621296 A CN103621296 A CN 103621296A CN 201310640372 A CN201310640372 A CN 201310640372A CN 103621296 A CN103621296 A CN 103621296A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method for autumn potatoes in a semi-late rice field. The high ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method comprises the following steps: A), ridging: plotting on a hardened field with rice stubbles, furrowing to make ridges, digging furrows and flattening ridge surfaces; B), base fertilizer applying; C), sowing: sowing two rows on each ridge with a row distance of 45-50cm and a plant distance of 20cm; D) straw covering: covering about 7cm of straws on seed potatoes; E) furrow deepening: hoeing the furrows and moving soil in the furrows to the ridges; F) management: doing well daily management. The procedures of plowing, pit digging and the like can be saved, labor and time are saved, apparent extensive cultivation is intensive cultivation indeed, and the labor is saved by 50% than a conventional cultivation mode. Tillage can be normally carried out in the wet field after the rain so that the farming season cannot be missed. The seed potatoes are sowed on the hardened field with the rice stubbles in a swing way. The coverage of the seed potatoes with the straws preserves moisture, promotes ventilation and is favorable to the growth of potato seedlings. Clumps on the ridge surfaces are spaced by the straws, thereby resisting waterlogging as well as drought.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of potato, relate in particular to the methods of cultivation of the high furrow zanjon of rice stubble straw mulching plant potato planted in autumn in south.
Background technology
South China part Hills, no longer autumn planting after rice harves, only plants one batch of semilate rice the whole year.Why the abundant area of the ripe temperature light resources of rice wheat (oil) two, the reason of not autumn planting is a fields on hill tops which depend on rains for water for seat seat massif terraced field upon terraced field.Spring ploughing early, is assembled spring rain and is planted paddy rice, and rice growing season was synchronizeed with the phase of having plenty of rain, and around rainwater semilate rice products of seeking to stable, strives high yield, the cropping system of the formation one ripe semilate rice whole year in steady.About early September, semilate rice maturation is the desirable sowing crops for rotation of potato planted in autumn, and the happiness of potato property cools, and is afraid of frost, avoids half hot cold-resistant crop, and preference temperature is grown in the environment of 15-20 ℃, suitable spring of south China, Qiu Erji cultivation.At present about early September, the method for rice stubble plantation potato planted in autumn has two kinds, and a kind of is to plough to do furrow and play cave plantation, and another kind is the grass planting of no-tillage no-hole ditching lid.The former ploughs and beats that cave is time-consuming delays season, and the latter is no-tillage, and lid grass needs one mu of several mu of straw kind, and two kinds of methods all succeed, and are still all difficult to spread.
At present, middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn farming adopts to plough beats cave implantation methods, and concrete grammar comprises the following steps.
1, plough, after semilate rice results, plough rice stubble plate field, accomplish holostrome hack.
2, do furrow, seedbed preparation, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth arrives 15cm under the face of field, leveling furrow face.
3, beat cave, the dark 10cm in cave, furrow face distance between rows and hills 30 * 35cm, furrow ditch is at the average 40 * 35cm of interior distance between rows and hills, every mu of 4761 caves.
4, base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave, the potato seed of semi supplied manure lid.
5, sowing, before potato seed is put in cave, one side chemical fertilizer is hugged to preventing from hindering potato seedling.
6, earthing, ditch cleaning ridging, leveling furrow face, potato seed overburden layer 8cm.
7, management, application breeding, the technology such as vernalization sowing, carry out cultivation and banking, impose fertilizer, the daily managements such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Above-mentioned rice stubble is ploughed and is beaten cave plantation potato planted in autumn, has following defect.
1, time-consuming, rice stubble is ploughed, and does furrow corrugate, and it is time-consuming that holostrome hack is beaten cave wholely.
2, delay season, plough whole ground, beat bunch planting kind, run into the whole ground of rainy day impact, often delay season.
3, straw can not be gone back field, ploughs and beats also field of cave plantation straw.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to plough in order to overcome existing middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn that to play cave plantation time-consuming, delay season, straw is the defect in field also, and the high furrow zanjon of a kind of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the high furrow zanjon of a kind of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method, specifically comprises the following steps.
A) do furrow, about early September, after semilate rice results, directly on rice stubble plate field, setting-out corrugate is done furrow, digs furrow ditch, do furrow face, furrow face width 90-100cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs on furrow limit, forms the rib of high 13cm.
B) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer and semi supplied manure spread fertilizer over the fields on furrow panel field.
C) sowing, potato seed pendulum is broadcast on furrow panel field, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 45-50 * 20cm.
D) lid grass, total straw is field also, near furrow limit rib lid grass, mulching straw thickness 7cm on potato seed.
E) zanjon, after lid grass, timely zanjon, evenly moves up the soil block in furrow ditch in furrow.
F) management, application breeding, the technology such as vernalization sowing, treat that potato seedling grows tall about 10m, cleaning furrow ditch leveling furrow face, strikes native hack and stops up potato seedling, imposes fertilizer, the daily managements such as control disease pest and weed.
Further, described steps A) do furrow, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed.
Further, described step e) zanjon, is that furrow ditch hoe is dark in 25cm under the face of field, and the while evenly moves up soil block in furrow.
Further, described steps A) do furrow, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, and 10cm plate stubble stays in furrow ditch central authorities.
Further, described step e) zanjon, be the dark 13cm of arriving of 10cm plate stubble hoe that furrow ditch central authorities are stayed, soil block is evenly moved up in furrow simultaneously.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method, can save and plough, beat the operations such as cave, saving of work and time, seem extensive plantation, real is intensive cultivation, than conventional tillage method save 50% artificial, the wet farming as usual of soil after rain, thereby guarantee not miss farming season season.Potato seed pendulum is broadcast on rice stubble plate field, the potato seed of straw lid, and moisturizing ventilation is conducive to the growth of potato seedling.Furrow face soil block and straw are alternate, the anti-arid of anti-stain evil.Through alternation of wetting and drying soil block nature crisp pastry, treat that potato seedling grows tall about 10m, cleaning furrow ditch leveling furrow face, strikes native hack and stops up potato seedling, for potato is created good growing environment, per unit area yield is 1300 kilograms of left and right, mu amplification reaches 30%, and the farming of rice stubble potato planted in autumn is simplified, energy large scale application, form the ripe cropping system of paddy rice potato 1 year two, economic, society, ecological benefits will significantly improve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1.
Rice field water-preserving need be protected the field of tillage pan, and the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method, takes following steps.
A) do furrow, about early September, after semilate rice results, on rice stubble plate field, setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 90cm, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly plough on furrow limit, form the rib of high 13cm, 10cm plate stubble stays in furrow ditch central authorities.
B) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer and semi supplied manure spread fertilizer over the fields on furrow panel field.
C) sowing, potato seed pendulum is broadcast on furrow panel field, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 45 * 20cm, every furrow distance between rows and hills 95 * 20cm, average row spacing in the rows 70 * 20cm, every mu of sowing 4761 caves.
D) lid grass, total straw is field also, near furrow limit rib lid straw, covers straw 7cm left and right on potato seed.
E) zanjon, timely zanjon after lid grass, people longitudinally stands in furrow ditch, and furrow ditch median plate stubble hoe is dark in 13cm, soil block is evenly moved up in furrow simultaneously.
F) management, application breeding, the technology such as vernalization sowing, treat that potato seedling grows tall about 10m, cleaning furrow ditch leveling furrow face, strikes native hack and stops up potato seedling, imposes fertilizer, the daily managements such as control disease pest and weed.
Embodiment 2.
Reserve little potato for one's own use and do the high furrow zanjon of the middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method of potato seed, take following steps.
A) do furrow, about early September, after semilate rice results, on rice stubble plate field, setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, and furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs on furrow limit, forms the rib of high 13cm.
B) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer and semi supplied manure spread fertilizer over the fields on furrow panel field.
C) sowing, the potato seed of reserving little potato piece for one's own use, conventionally than the little closely individuality of half of standard potato seed, thereby will improve thickness of sowing.The every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 50 * 13cm, every furrow distance between rows and hills 90 * 13cm, average row spacing in the rows 70 * 13cm, every mu of sowing 7325 caves.
D) lid grass, total straw is field also, near furrow limit rib lid straw, covers straw 7cm left and right on potato seed.
E) zanjon, timely zanjon after lid is careless, people longitudinally stands in furrow ditch, and furrow ditch is uprooted the dark 25cm under the face of field that arrives, and soil block is evenly moved up in furrow simultaneously.
F) management, application breeding, the technology such as vernalization sowing, treat that potato seedling grows tall about 10m, cleaning furrow ditch leveling furrow face, strikes native hack and stops up potato seedling, imposes fertilizer, the daily managements such as control disease pest and weed.
Claims (5)
1. the high furrow zanjon of a rice stubble potato planted in autumn straw mulch farming method in, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) do furrow, on rice stubble plate field, corrugate is done furrow, digs furrow ditch, does furrow face, furrow face width 90-100cm, and the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs in furrow face edge 20cm;
B) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer and semi supplied manure spread fertilizer over the fields on furrow panel field;
C) sowing, potato seed pendulum is broadcast on furrow panel field, every drill seeding kind 2 row, line-spacing 45-50cm, spacing in the rows 20cm;
D) lid grass, total straw is field also, near furrow limit rib lid grass, mulching straw thickness 7cm on potato seed;
E) zanjon, after lid grass, timely zanjon, evenly moves up the soil block in furrow ditch in furrow;
F) management, treats that potato seedling grows tall about 10m, and cleaning furrow ditch leveling furrow face, strikes native hack and stop up potato seedling, imposes fertilizer, the daily managements such as control disease pest and weed.
2. the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn according to claim 1 straw mulch farming method, is characterized in that steps A recited above) do furrow, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed.
3. the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn according to claim 2 straw mulch farming method, is characterized in that step e recited above) zanjon, be that furrow ditch hoe is dark in 25cm under the face of field, the while evenly moves up soil block in furrow.
4. the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn according to claim 1 straw mulch farming method, is characterized in that steps A recited above) do furrow, furrow furrow width 50cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, and 10cm plate stubble stays in furrow ditch central authorities.
5. the high furrow zanjon of middle rice stubble potato planted in autumn according to claim 4 straw mulch farming method, is characterized in that step e recited above) zanjon, be the dark 13cm of arriving of 10cm plate stubble hoe that furrow ditch central authorities are stayed, soil block is evenly moved up in furrow simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310640372.6A CN103621296A (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | High ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method for autumn potatoes in semi-late rice field |
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| CN201310640372.6A CN103621296A (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | High ridge and deep furrow straw covering tillage method for autumn potatoes in semi-late rice field |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104472195A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 狄正兴 | Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting soybean in spring watermelon stubbles |
| CN105917885A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Rice-stubble non-tillage potato cultivation method |
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| CN101548617A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-10-07 | 狄正兴 | No-tillage no-hole cultivation method for direct-sowing rape in rice stubble |
| CN101743834A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-06-23 | 狄正兴 | Farming method for transplanting Chinese cabbage in paddy stubble fields |
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2013
- 2013-12-04 CN CN201310640372.6A patent/CN103621296A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101548617A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-10-07 | 狄正兴 | No-tillage no-hole cultivation method for direct-sowing rape in rice stubble |
| CN101743834A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-06-23 | 狄正兴 | Farming method for transplanting Chinese cabbage in paddy stubble fields |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 何春玲等: "薯—稻—薯生态高效栽培模式", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 余文畅等: "春马铃薯―中稻―秋马铃薯高产高效栽培技术", 《作物杂志》 * |
| 吴玉林: "稻田免耕和全程盖草种植秋马铃薯", 《湖南农业》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104472195A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 狄正兴 | Soil-covering drought-resisting seedling-protecting cultivation method for planting soybean in spring watermelon stubbles |
| CN105917885A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Rice-stubble non-tillage potato cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20140312 |