CN103814711A - Culture method for arranging and transplanting corns - Google Patents
Culture method for arranging and transplanting corns Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814711A CN103814711A CN201210465059.9A CN201210465059A CN103814711A CN 103814711 A CN103814711 A CN 103814711A CN 201210465059 A CN201210465059 A CN 201210465059A CN 103814711 A CN103814711 A CN 103814711A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method for arranging and transplanting corns. The culture method includes agricultural processes of joining of preceding crops and ensuing crops for rotation; selecting dense-planting-resistant corn varieties; selecting seedbed fields; growing seedlings; preparing the soil; digging pits; applying fertilizers; transplanting the seedlings; managing the seedlings; harvesting the corns. The culture method has the advantages that the corresponding corn seedlings are transplanted on a straight line, and the row spacing and the pit spacing are reduced, so that the corn culture density can be greatly increased, the earbearing tiller percentage can be increased, and the corn yield can be greatly increased; the corn planting density can be increased by 1000 plants per mu after the corns are arranged and transplanted by the aid of the culture method, and the yield can be increased by 25% at least.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural production practical technique field, its content is for how to improve to greatest extent corn Transplanting Density in southern each province, to reach a kind of cultivation method that improves corn yield.
Technical background:
Improving Corn Densities, is to realize the effective way that corn significantly increases production, but along with the raising of Corn Densities, the empty bar rate of corn rises, and corncob diminishes.The close 2800 strains/666m that always remains on of current southern each province corn planting
2-3200 strains/666m
2.Therefore, how to improve Corn Densities, be puzzlement agriculturist's a great problem always.Arrange transplanting and carry out corn, with regard to fine this difficult problem that solved.
Carry out corn and arrange transplanting, be easy to make Corn Densities to reach more than 4000 plants/acre.Increase substantially corn yield.In other words, carry out corn and arrange transplanting, make line-spacing narrow down to 120cm by 160cm, can increase maize planting 1000 strains/666m
2left and right.100 kilograms/666m of volume increase
2above.
Carry out corn and arrange transplanting, corn is arranged on a line, transplant easily, plant and improved work efficiency than traditional cave, every mu increases transplanting 1000 strains left and right, and it is almost equal that its amount of labour used and cave plant the amount of labour used.Carry out corn and arrange and transplant, topdress, earth up, spray the management work such as medicine and become and be more prone to.
Therefore, carry out corn and arrange transplanting, can increase substantially planting density, increase substantially per unit area yield.
Summary of the invention:
The invention solves maize planting and improve density difficulty problem, no matter any plot, any soil property and landform, carry out corn row and plant, and can make corn reach very desirable density.Improve than conventional art.1000 strains/666m
2above, improve density 37%, volume increase 25%, increases income 21%.
Main technical points of the present invention comprises: grow seedlings, transplanting, the large step of field management three.Grow seedlings and comprise: sowing time is definite, kind is selected, seedbed, sowing, five aspects of seedbed management are selected, done in ground, seedbed.
Kind is selected: main high yield, anti-fall, disease-resistant, drought-enduring, the resistance to ridge kind selected.As: river list 14, river list 418, river list 21, Rong Yu No. 3, No. 33, No. 8, Zheng Dan etc.In sowing time, generally sow sweet corn in spring since the morning in February and all can sow to the late summer in July.
Ground, seedbed is selected and grows seedlings: select leeward facing south, high-land, the good plot of irrigation and drainage.200cm opens railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 140cm, the wide 60cm in the ridge, railway carriage or compartment, the high 6cm in ridge left and right, railway carriage or compartment face digs repeatedly, smooth railway carriage or compartment face water permeable, maize seed airing 2-3 days, then sowing, when sowing is spread on seed railway carriage or compartment face, covers fine earth, then arch arch film.After maize seedling all sprouts, take off film and practice Miao Yitian, then continue to build film, it is best Different Transplanting Periods wholeheartedly time that seedling grows to wholeheartedly to two of a leaf leaf.
Transplanting comprises previous crops crops for rotation and is connected, reserved professional etiquette lattice etc.Vegetable field, potato morning ground, can receive directly transplanting on request of previous crops, be wheatland, in the time broadcasting wheat, stay reserved row, after the beginning of spring, reserving transplanting on row.Carry out wheat interplanting corn.To, in the time broadcasting wheat the first year, open railway carriage or compartment by 133cm, plant 66cm wheat, stay the reserved row of 66cm, after the beginning of spring, on reserved row, plant a line corn, move back nest 13cm left and right.Early potato ground, vegetable field are opened railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm after previous crops is received, and plant a line corn, move back nest 13cm left and right.
Its transplant step: whole ground: vegetables, potato ground previous crops receive after the whole ground of available rotovator, also can be no-tillage directly play nest fertilising and transplant, wheatland, in the time of winter slack, dig broken carefully with hoe, after the beginning of spring, start to transplant.Play nest fertilising, fertilizer plan.Increase corn planting density, just should increase fertilizer application amount, fertilizer calculates individual plant, then calculates every mu of consumption by strain, the pure N of general every strain 4g, 2.5gP
2o
5, 3gk
2o, and the trace element such as the zinc of arranging in pairs or groups, iron, sulphur, this is one of core of this technology.For example plan planting density 4000 strains/666m
2, its pure N consumption is 16 kilograms/666m
2, to amount to urea be 35 kilograms/666 m
2, P
2o
510 kilograms, amount to superphosphate 80 kilograms/666m
2, K
2o12 kilogram, amount to potassium chloride 22 kilograms/666m
2, micro-fertilizer such as zinc, iron are appropriate.If farmyard manure abundance, can reduce fertilizer amount by calculating.
Play nest fertilising: according to deep application of fertilizer principle, open railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm, a line fertilising nest is beaten in every railway carriage or compartment, wheatland is knit a line nest, vegetable field, early potato or autumn corn at reserved row and after previous crops is gathered in the crops, on vacant lot, is opened railway carriage or compartment by 120-133cm and beat a line nest.More than the dark 13cm of nest.
Fertilising: consumption according to plan, every 666m
2more than crossing phosphate fertilizer 80kg jin, more than urea 30kg, more than potassium chloride 20kg.Or more than composite fertilizer 100kg.As farmyard manure abundance, can take the circumstances into consideration to reduce fertilizer amount by calculating.
Do and transplant ditch, full field in a direction, in the ditching of nest side, on the one hand fertilizer is covered, do on the other hand corn arrange transplant ditch, that ditch depth is brood is dark, in order to the ridging of topdressing.This is two of core technology.
Transplant, transplanting comprises lifting, transplants, waters normal root water, covers mulch film.
Lifting, transplants when seedling grows to a leaf wholeheartedly to the two leaf hearts, and when lifting, major technique is to save seedlings root from damage, now seedling, except main root, separately has lateral root 1-2 bar, and length 6-10cm is not cun etc., going up fibrous root, keep these root systems not hinder disconnected, very large to improving transplanting mass action, therefore water is watered in the front seedbed of lifting one time, when lifting, shake off mud, save root system from damage, lifting limit classification in limit when lifting, rejects weak seedling, sick seedling.This is three of core technology.
Transplant: ready-made transplanting ditch is watered permeable, have dung polluted water, convert that excrement pouring is better clearly, also can not water in good conditions for soil moisture's plot, then seedling is transplanted to every nest by 13cm left and right spacing in the rows and plant a strain, be arranged in rows.Transplanting depth, is transplanted position and is partially loosened the soil direction 3-5cm place for well, in order to the ridging of topdressing later with bottom of trench for well with seedling rhizome grading.After transplanting, water normal root water.When transplanting, notice that spacing in the rows is consistent, transplant the depth consistent, be arranged in rows, this is four of this technological core technology.
Epiphragma: with the covering of 50cm plastic membrane, draw seedling optionally, can postpone early spring and draw seedling in 3-5 days, in order to survival and growth.
After transplanting optionally in time artificial weeding or chemical weed control once to repeatedly.
Field management: field management comprises weeding, topdresses, ridging, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.During corn survival and growth, weeds easily grow, and under humid climate condition, weeds more easily grow especially, therefore will note management of weeds, and management of weeds is main to carry out in conjunction with the ridging of topdressing.In the time of corn 50-60cm, topdress once, the ridging of earthing up after topdressing is removed weeds simultaneously.As arid, should pour water and take precautions against drought.Heavily chase after ear manuer in the corn typhon phase.
Results: break again bud, threshing, dry, sell or preserve stand-by after the ripe dry shell of corn.
The present invention efficiently solves and improves corn planting density problem, the two strains of the every nest of tradition corn, or width duplicate rows, two strain corns interact, widen nest distance, unfavorable raising density, this technology is carried out to arrange and is transplanted, and two strains are arranged on a line, the one, dwindle line-spacing, the 2nd, dwindle spacing in the rows, spatially can greatly improve density, at least every 666m
2more than can improving 1000 strains, 100 kilograms/666m of volume increase
2above.In conjunction with increasing fertilizer amount, use and reduce plant height conditioning agent again, effect can be more desirable.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with the embodiments, and 1.2 mu that carry out take me is example.
1, select kind: select the precious U.S. sweet super sweet Sweet corn variety of guangdong agricultural science Yuan Guangzhou city Lv Ba seedling Co., Ltd.
2, grow seedlings: February 19, be seedbed, the wide 200cm in seedbed in this plot, wherein railway carriage or compartment face 140cm chi, long 330cm, repeatedly dig, broken thin leveling, water permeable, and February 23 by seed broadcasting in railway carriage or compartment face, cover fine earth, then cover flat film and arch film.
3, seedbed management: after 10 days, seedling is unearthed successively.Now groundwork is protection against cold and freezing conditions, can after 10 o'clock, take off film, and flat film is removed at sunny weather, before 4 o'clock of afternoon, continues to build arch film.With backsight weather, fine day can be opened two, and in spacious 4-6 hour, all the other times cover tightly surrounding, as overcast and rainy Cold Wave Weather, cover tightly surrounding, is strictly on guard against freeze injury.Seedling 2 leaves are wholeheartedly transplanted.Transplant and start to practice seedling previous week, so that adapt to cold shut weather in early spring after transplanting.
4, prepare in plot, and previous crops is rape point interplanting pea point, and 133cm opens railway carriage or compartment, 66cm kind rape point, 66cm kind pea point, after the beginning of spring, plan 1.0 mu of ground and carry out arrangement transplanting, conventional transplanting carried out on 0.2 mu of ground, starts root out successively pea seedlings and Brassica campestris L seedling and dig soil, broken thin leveling March 20.
5, play nest fertilising, arrange transplanting ground and digging broken thin plot by 133cm line-spacing, 30cm nest is apart from beating nest, the dark 13-20cm of nest.And execute altogether according to plan 80kg superphosphate, 30kg urea, 25kg potassium chloride.
6, do transplanting ditch, after fertilising, do transplanting ditch in nest 1 side, more than ditch depth 13cm, loosening the soil of digging directly covers the fertilizer of nest.
7, transplant, transplants successively March 22 to March 26, mainly contain lifting, transplanted seedling, water normal root water, cover mulch film 4 contents.Lifting: by a leaf wholeheartedly left and right seedling with little sledge gently sledge rise, save root system from damage, tremble only or slightly tremble earth, reject disability, weak, sick seedling, put neat.
Plant seedling, the seedling that sledge is gone out is planted in ready-made transplanting ditch, transplants position, take bottom of trench as boundary, partially near the 3cm left and right of loosening the soil, in order to the ridging of topdressing in the future.Transplanting depth, take rhizome grading as standard, should not be crossed dark or excessively shallow.
Transplanting Density, line-spacing 133cm, spacing in the rows 13cm, amounts to every mu and plants 3855 plants/acre, 1.0 mu of ground real cultivation 3855 strains, and transplant altogether by 160 line-spacings on another 0.2 mu of ground, 30cm chases after the two strains of nest and transplants.Folding mu is 2800 plants/acre, arranges to transplant than conventional transplanting and improves 1055 dwarfs/666m
2, density 37.5%, waters normal root water, waters normal root water after transplanting.And water continuously twice, and water for the first time a small amount of water, allow the having peace of mind of seedling ambient earth.Later, water again water second time.Second time water is to water sufficient water as object.
Covering with plastic film: water after sufficient water, cover with 50cm plastic membrane.Epiphragma draws seedling membrane after 5 days.
8, field management: topdress once in about corn plant height 50cm, and the upper little row of ridging, and remove weeds in conjunction with ridging.When 70cm, carry large row, extirpate weeds.15 kilograms/666m of urea for corn typhon mouth phase mu
2, topdress once, and weeding again.Maize of inter cropping at early spring, damage by disease and insect is few, and therefore pesticide not, stops upper pesticide pollution from source.
9, results: June 13 started to receive fresh corn ear, 7.00 yuan/kilogram-3.00 yuan/kilogram of retails not etc., are not received 1221 kilograms of the fresh corn ear of clean commodity, 3664 yuan of total incomes en bloc altogether, wherein carry out 1.0 mu of arrangement transplanting and gather in the crops 1066 kilograms of clean fresh corn ear, 1066 kilograms/666m of folding per mu yield
2.Take in 3199 yuan, 3199 yuan/mu of folding mu incomes, individual plant is received 0.83 yuan/.Contrast 0.2 mu of ground and receive 155 kilograms of clean corn ear, 775 kilograms/666m of folding per mu yield
2.Take in 465 yuan, 2324 yuan of folding mu incomes.0.83 yuan/of average every strain income.Arrange to transplant than conventional transplanting and increase by 291 kilograms/666m of output
2, volume increase 25%; Arrange and transplant than the conventional 875 yuan/666m that increases income that transplants
2, increase income 21%.
Claims (2)
1. a corn is arranged and is transplanted cultivation method, comprise kind selection, seedbed and selected, date of seeding arrangement, grown seedlings, whole ground, beat nest, apply fertilizer, do the agronomy flow processs such as transplanting ditch, transplanting, management, results, its kind select take in ripe, degeneration-resistant, resistance to fertilizer, resistance to lean, compact corn kind as main, nursery is selected leeward plot on the sunny side, with vegetable garden ground rich soil for well, while being transplanted to land for growing field crops, mainly contain whole ground, beat nest, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, do transplanting ditch, lifting and arrangement transplanting into a line, and transplant after the intertillage of topdressing, making ridge anti-down and gather in the crops.
2. corn is arranged to transplant and also can be changed nutrition cup into and grow seedlings, and corn dish is grown seedlings and open country is transplanted and ground transplanting membrane.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210465059.9A CN103814711B (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210465059.9A CN103814711B (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Cultivation method is transplanted in corn arrangement |
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| CN103814711A true CN103814711A (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| CN103814711B CN103814711B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165371A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 焦清亮 | Planting method of sugary enhanced sweet corn |
| CN106804238A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | A kind of method that autumn corn is no-tillage to play nest transplanting |
| CN106804234A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | The method for folding seedling is shone in a kind of autumn corn corn disk nursery |
| CN106973664A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-25 | 安徽金培因科技有限公司 | A kind of corn planting method based on data acquisition |
| CN107135789A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield corn |
| CN109952920A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | A kind of corn control root method for culturing and transplanting seedlings |
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| CN101390471A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-03-25 | 罗龙宝 | Planting method of green waxy corn |
| CN101779559A (en) * | 2010-02-06 | 2010-07-21 | 东营市农业科学研究所 | Technology for organically cultivating and harvesting net house vegetables green sword bean, sweet corn and broccoli successively in one year |
| CN102283003A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-21 | 固镇县玉鹏蔬菜开发有限责任公司 | Efficient planting technology for inter-planting white gourd and corn in wheat |
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| CN101390471A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-03-25 | 罗龙宝 | Planting method of green waxy corn |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165371A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 焦清亮 | Planting method of sugary enhanced sweet corn |
| CN106804238A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | A kind of method that autumn corn is no-tillage to play nest transplanting |
| CN106804234A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 林天国 | The method for folding seedling is shone in a kind of autumn corn corn disk nursery |
| CN106973664A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-25 | 安徽金培因科技有限公司 | A kind of corn planting method based on data acquisition |
| CN107135789A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield corn |
| CN109952920A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | A kind of corn control root method for culturing and transplanting seedlings |
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| CN103814711B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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