CN103650860A - Rice stubble spring potato high-ridge deep-groove cultivation method - Google Patents
Rice stubble spring potato high-ridge deep-groove cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103650860A CN103650860A CN201310641398.2A CN201310641398A CN103650860A CN 103650860 A CN103650860 A CN 103650860A CN 201310641398 A CN201310641398 A CN 201310641398A CN 103650860 A CN103650860 A CN 103650860A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice stubble spring potato high-ridge deep-groove cultivation method. The method includes: A), ridging, wherein a ridge face is 100cm in width, and a ridge furrow is 40cm in width; B), deepening a groove, namely timely deepening the groove after ridging, hoeing the ridge groove to be 25cm below a land face, carrying soil blocks into a ridge to form a soil ridge 30cm in width, and forming two seeding furrows 15cm in width and 13cm in depth together with a ridge-edge soil ridge; C), applying base fertilizer; D), seeding, namely seeding two rows for each ridge, wherein row spacing is 50cm, and plant spacing is 26cm; E), earthing, namely clearing the ridge furrow, leveling the ridge face and earthing to cover potato seedlings; F),managing, namely performing daily field management well. By the method, processes like full-land ploughing and caving can be omitted, labor, time and cost can be saved, labor is saved by 50% from ploughing to potato seeding when compared with conventional cultivation modes, and missing of the season is avoided. Potatoes are directly seeded on a plate land plane, so that in rainy days, rainwater can quickly penetrate downwards, and waterlogging resistance is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of potato, relate in particular to the method for southern rice stubble field in winter slack high furrow zanjon no-tillage no-hole plantation spring potato.
Background technology
After the autumn harvest of south China paddy rice, double rice cropping system autumn planting area is few, winter slack, field area was many, the field in winter slack that also there is certain area in the semilate rice district of rice wheat (oil) double cropping and late rice district, field plantation in winter slack spring potato can develop area, the sowing area that is equivalent to more than 7,000 ten thousand mu of potatos China's whole year, southern rice stubble Tian Shi in winter slack China grain-production new growth point.Potato is half cold-resistant crop of nutritious grain dish dual-purpose, and property happiness cools, and is afraid of frost, avoid sweltering heat, preference temperature is grown in the environment of 15-20 ℃, when temperature surpasses 25 ℃, ground stem stops expanding, but temperature is lower than 0 ℃, and the branches and leaves of acrial part also can be withered.As long as seedling is not subject to the harm of frost after being unearthed, the early sowing of just should trying one's best, this is because potato is during nourishing and growing, not too responsive to thermotonus, and it is comparatively responsive to thermotonus to have arrived potato piece expanding stage.The half hardy characteristic of potato is the desirable kind plant in field in winter slack, South Rice Region of China.Potato, about the 100 days time of infertility, also can suitably be gathered in the crops in advance, although affect the output of stem tuber, in the alternately shortage of spring and summer vegetables, in the period that dish valency is higher, can ensure supply, and stabilizes dish valency, enriches market.The potato going on the market in advance, about the price while conventionally gathering in the crops than large area will double, thereby the output value can not reduce.Potato is tuber crops, compares with large (little) wheat with rape, has suitably the advantage of results in advance, and the technology such as supporting potato film-mulching cultivation, can accomplish to rise stubble in good time and plant early rice, in more can not affecting, the planting season of late rice.Potato stubble is better than the soil structure in field in winter slack, is conducive to paddy rice and early sends out high yield.The high yield techniques such as potato detoxicating, stock breeding, plastic mulching at present are all widely applied, rice stubble field in winter slack is the desirable crops for rotation of spring potato, why can not get applying? reason is that rice stubble soil knot tying granular structure is poor, can not meet the growth needs of High Yield Potato high-quality.The innovation methods of cultivation, rationally irrigation and drainage, improve solid, liquid, gas three in soil and compare, and create good soil structure, realize the good quality of rice stubble field in winter slack plantation spring High Yield Potato stable yields, and Jiang Dui China grain and vegetables produce and produce far-reaching influence.
At present, the potato farming of rice stubble spring adopts to plough beats cave implantation methods, and concrete grammar comprises the following steps.
1, plough, after autumn harvesting and sowing finishes, the dark 13cm of rice stubble plate Tagayasu Den left and right, soil block is dry wet freeze thawing improvement soil through 1-2 month.
2, do furrow, seedbed preparation, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth arrives 15cm under the face of field, holostrome hack leveling furrow face.
3, beat cave, the dark 10cm in cave, furrow face distance between rows and hills 40 * 35cm, furrow ditch is at the average 53.3 * 35cm of interior distance between rows and hills, every mu of 3573 caves.
4, base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave, the potato seed of semi supplied manure lid.
5, sowing, the In The Middle And Lower Reaches of two sides, the Changjiang river, the potato sowing phase in spring in late January to early Febuary, southward corresponding in advance.Before potato seed is put in cave, chemical fertilizer and soil are mixed and stirred and prevents from hindering potato seedling.
6, earthing, ditch cleaning ridging, leveling furrow face, potato seed overburden layer 8cm.
7, management, the technology such as application breeding, vernalization, carry out intertillage reason ditch, impose fertilizer, the daily managements mission such as control disease pest and weed.
Above-mentioned rice stubble is ploughed and is beaten cave plantation spring potato, has following defect.
1, time-consuming, rice stubble is ploughed, and does furrow corrugate, and it is time-consuming that holostrome hack is beaten cave wholely.
2, delay season, plough whole ground, beat bunch planting kind, run into the impact of sleet sky and sow wholely, often delay season.
3, stain evil is serious, and plough and play cave plantation, the easy ponding of the shallow impeded drainage of furrow ditch, potato stain evil is serious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to overcome the potato farming of existing rice stubble spring time-consuming, delay season, the defect that stain evil is serious, when solving topsoil crisp pastry, accomplish that the reasonable soil layer of soil structure is deep, the high furrow zanjon of a kind of rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation are provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the high furrow zanjon of a kind of rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation, comprise the following steps.
A) do furrow: the mid or late November after autumn harvesting and sowing finishes is to early and middle ten days in December, directly on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, article one, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly plough on furrow limit, form the rib of high 13cm.
B) zanjon: do after furrow zanjon in time, soil block is moved up in furrow to 25cm under the face of field furrow ditch hoe is dark, stack into the wide rib of 30cm, form 2 seed furrows that 15cm is wide, 13cm is dark with furrow limit rib simultaneously.
C) base manure: before spring potato sowing, row application is in seed furrow.
D) sowing: with planting dish spud, fertilizer is shown to loosen the soil to move on between two sowing points together with field, prevent that fertilizer hinders potato seedling; Potato seed is placed in seed furrow, with the drowning potato seed of loosening the soil, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 50 * 26cm, every mu of sowing 3663 caves.
E) earthing, after planting earthing immediately, hugs the crisp soil of furrow side, clear furrow ditch, soil crushing, flat furrow face, covers the 10cm layer that loosens the soil on rice stubble plate field.
F) management, carries out daily field management.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the high furrow zanjon of the rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation, can save full Tagayasu Den and turn over, beat the operations such as cave, saving of work and time abridged edition, from ploughing to potato sowing, than conventional tillage method save 50% artificial, and can guarantee season by mistake.Because potato is directly put and broadcasts in the plane of plate field, run into while raining, rainwater can permeate downwards fast, has improved anti-stain ability.Furrow face exceeds bottom of trench 35cm, and furrow bottom of trench is 25cm under rice stubble field non-ploughing face, and under the face of field, the soil three phases of plow layer improves, and soil layer is deep defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, and soil structure is reasonable, and early spring, temperature recovery was fast, the growth of suitable potato.The present invention has realized the high and stable yields of rice stubble field in winter slack plantation spring potato, and per unit area yield is 1900 kilograms of left and right, and mu amplification reaches 35%, and economic, social, Ecological Effect Yidu is improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1.
The high furrow zanjon of the rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation of soil mud field alive, take following steps.
A) ditching, the mud field of living after autumn harvest is dug matrix pattern or intersecting parallels ditch, and drain ditch outside dredging field, reduces water in field position, makes the dry and comfortable suitable farming in plate field.
B) do furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs on furrow limit, forms the rib of high 13cm.
C) zanjon, does after furrow zanjon in time, soil block is moved up in furrow furrow ditch hoe is dark to 25cm under the face of field simultaneously, stacks into the wide rib of 30cm, and to form 2 15cm wide with furrow limit rib, the seed furrow that 13cm is dark.
D) base manure: before spring potato sowing, row application is in seed furrow.
E) sowing: with planting dish spud, fertilizer is shown to loosen the soil to move on between two sowing points together with field, prevent that fertilizer hinders potato seedling; Potato seed is placed in seed furrow, with the drowning potato seed of loosening the soil, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 50 * 26cm, every mu of sowing 3663 caves.
F) earthing, after planting earthing immediately, hugs the crisp soil of furrow side, clear furrow ditch, soil crushing, flat furrow face, covers the 10cm layer that loosens the soil on rice stubble plate field.
G) management, carries out daily field management.
Embodiment 2.
After spring rain, the high furrow zanjon of the rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation of furrow face soil knot tying, take following steps.
A) do furrow, the mid or late November after autumn harvesting and sowing finishes, on rice stubble plate field, setting-out corrugate was done furrow to early and middle ten days in December.Furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs on furrow limit, forms the rib of high 13cm.
B) zanjon, does after furrow zanjon in time, soil block is moved up in furrow furrow ditch hoe is dark to 25cm under the face of field simultaneously, stacks into the wide rib of 30cm, and to form 2 15cm wide with furrow limit rib, the seed furrow that 13cm is dark.
C) base manure: row replacement is in seed furrow before loosening seed furrow soil for composite chemical fertilizer, and semi supplied manure is sowed bonnet potato seed.
D) loosen the soil, miss winter Mo crisp pastry soil, soil knot tying after spring rain, needs the soil with the loosening seed furrow both sides 5cm of hoe, retains seed furrow, avoids again splitting ditch.There is no loosening rib, when potato seed blinding after planting, loosen the soil in the lump.
E) sowing: potato seed is placed in seed furrow, and with the drowning potato seed of loosening the soil, semi supplied manure spreads fertilizer over the fields in seed furrow subsequently, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 50 * 26cm, every mu of sowing 3663 caves.
F) earthing, after planting loosening rib is smashed soil block to pieces immediately, clear furrow ditch, flat furrow face, lid potato seed, covers the 10cm layer that loosens the soil on rice stubble plate field.
G) management, carries out daily field management.
Claims (1)
1. the high furrow zanjon of rice stubble spring potato methods of cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) do furrow: directly setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch both sides are ploughed, the wide 20cm of corrugate soil block, thick 13cm, fitly ploughs on furrow limit, forms the rib of high 13cm;
B) zanjon: do after furrow zanjon in time, soil block is moved up in furrow to 25cm under the face of field furrow ditch hoe is dark, stack into the wide rib of 30cm, form 2 seed furrows that 15cm is wide, 13cm is dark with furrow limit rib simultaneously;
C) base manure: in the suitable date of seeding of spring potato, composite chemical fertilizer row replacement, in seed furrow, is loosened the soil chemical fertilizer to be moved on between two sowing points together with field table with planting dish spud, prevent that chemical fertilizer hinders potato seedling;
D) sowing: potato seed is placed in seed furrow, and with the drowning potato seed of loosening the soil, semi supplied manure spreads fertilizer over the fields in seed furrow subsequently, the every drill seeding 2 row, these furrow distance between rows and hills 50 * 26cm, every mu of sowing 3663 caves;
E) earthing, after planting earthing immediately, hugs the crisp soil of furrow side, clear furrow ditch, soil crushing, flat furrow face, covers the 10cm layer that loosens the soil on rice stubble plate field;
F) management, carries out daily field management.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105917885A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Rice-stubble non-tillage potato cultivation method |
| CN106258413A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | The implantation methods that Radix Ipomoeae is interplanted with Radix Puerariae |
| CN110476732A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2019-11-22 | 刘善勇 | A kind of vegetables efficiency cultivation technology for high method |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| JP2002027849A (en) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-29 | Maywa Co Ltd | Rice culture method and soil for rice culture |
| CN101543165A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-09-30 | 狄正兴 | Method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105917885A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Rice-stubble non-tillage potato cultivation method |
| CN106258413A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | The implantation methods that Radix Ipomoeae is interplanted with Radix Puerariae |
| CN110476732A (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2019-11-22 | 刘善勇 | A kind of vegetables efficiency cultivation technology for high method |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |