CN103502665B - 在粘结剂层中具有fep或pfa的免维护滑动轴承 - Google Patents
在粘结剂层中具有fep或pfa的免维护滑动轴承 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103502665B CN103502665B CN201280019939.1A CN201280019939A CN103502665B CN 103502665 B CN103502665 B CN 103502665B CN 201280019939 A CN201280019939 A CN 201280019939A CN 103502665 B CN103502665 B CN 103502665B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sliding
- metal support
- layer
- sliding bearings
- adhesive layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 polyamidoimide (PAI) Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920008285 Poly(ether ketone) PEK Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003210 poly(4-hydroxy benzoic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950000845 politef Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
本发明公开了滑动轴承及其制造方法。该滑动轴承具有金属支承体、粘结剂层和滑动层。粘结剂层直接施加于金属支承体。粘结剂层包含至少两种含氟聚合物P1和P2的共混物,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯‑六氟丙烯(FEP)。P2不同于P1并可为含氟聚合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种免维护滑动轴承,该免维护滑动轴承包括金属支承体、直接施加于所述金属支承体的包含含氟聚合物的共混物的粘结剂层及施加于中间层的滑动层。
背景技术
具有层结构(包括金属支承体材料及施加于其的中间层和滑动层)的免维护滑动轴承早已通过多种形式根据现有技术为人所知,并应用于多个技术领域,例如汽车工程领域。
EP0394518A1描述了一种多层滑动轴承材料,其中金属支承体材料优选由冷轧钢组成,在所述冷轧钢上施有全氟(烷基乙烯基醚)和四氟乙烯的共聚物层作为中间层。由PTFE化合物构成的滑动层顺次施加于中间层。在这种滑动轴承材料中,中间层具有实现滑动层与支承体材料的牢固粘结的功能。为了首先确保中间层与支承体材料的粘结,在这种已知的滑动轴承材料中,金属支承体材料的表面必须通过湿化学方法以适当的方式进行预处理。表面上看,通过对金属支承体的表面进行铬化取得了最佳结果。然而,基于多种原因(包括环境问题等),这种工艺存在一定问题。因而,仍需一种改进的免维护滑动轴承。
因此,如果滑动轴承的制造在不损失金属支承体和滑动层之间的粘结强度的情况下无需对金属支承体进行广泛预处理则是有利的。
发明内容
在一种实施方式中,滑动轴承可包括金属支承体、直接施加于所述金属支承体的粘结剂层和施加于所述粘结剂层的滑动层。所述粘结剂层包含热塑性塑料的共混物。更具体地,所述共混物包括至少两种含氟聚合物P1和P2,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)。
在另一种实施方式中,一种用于制造滑动轴承的方法包括:将至少两种热塑性含氟聚合物P1和P2共混,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP);加热所述共混物;将所述共混物施加于金属支承体上,由此形成粘结剂层;随后,在压力下和引入热的情况下,使粘结剂层连同滑动层以其表面与所述金属支承体接合。
附图说明
参照附图,本发明可得到更好地理解,并使其多种特征和优点对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见。
图1以截面示意图示出了一种示例性滑动轴承;及
图2示出了根据一种实施方式的滑动轴承的粘结强度测试对比图。
在不同的附图中使用相同的标记表示类似或相同的要素。
具体实施方式
在一种实施方式中,一种滑动轴承可包括金属支承体、直接施加于所述金属支承体的粘结剂层和施加于所述粘结剂层的滑动层,在该滑动轴承中所述滑动层与支承体材料的粘结得以长期确保,且该滑动轴承的制造无需应用存在生态问题的表面预处理工艺。
在一种实施方式中,一种滑动轴承可包括粘结剂层,该粘结剂层包含热塑性聚合物的聚合物共混物。该共混物包括至少两种热塑性含氟聚合物P1和P2,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)。P2不同于P1,并可为选自下列的聚合物:四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)、改性四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(mFEP)、全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)、改性全氟烷氧基乙烯(mPFA)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(polyphenylene sulphone)(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)、乙烯-四氟乙烯(ETFE)、四氟乙烯-全氟(甲基乙烯醚)(MFA)、改性聚四氟乙烯(TFM)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-氯三氟乙烯(ECTFE)、聚醚砜(PES)和聚醚酮(PEK)。
P1和P2的共混物可按照任意重量比。例如,P1:P2的重量比可为约1:99、约5:95、约10:90、约15:85、约20:80、约25:75、约30:70、约35:65、约40:60、约45:55或约50:50。
在另一种实施方式中,所述粘结剂层可包含至少三种含氟聚合物P1、P2和P3,其中P1为全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA),P2为四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)。P3不同于P1和P2。P3可为选自下列的聚合物:改性四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(mFEP)、改性全氟烷氧基乙烯(mPFA)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(polyphenylene sulphone)(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)、乙烯-四氟乙烯(ETFE)、四氟乙烯-全氟(甲基乙烯醚)(MFA)、改性聚四氟乙烯(TFM)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-氯三氟乙烯(ECTFE)、聚醚砜(PES)和聚醚酮(PEK)。
在一些实施方式中,粘结剂层中的各聚合物可占据不同的重量百分比。例如,P1可占粘结剂层的至少约1wt%、至少约2wt%、至少约5wt%、至少约10wt%、至少约20wt%、至少约30wt%、至少约40wt%或至少约50wt%。在其他实施方式中,P2可占粘结剂层的至少约1wt%、至少约2wt%、至少约5wt%、至少约10wt%、至少约20wt%、至少约30wt%、至少约40wt%或至少约50wt%。在再其他实施方式中,P3或任意后续的聚合物可占粘结剂层的至少约1wt%、至少约2wt%、至少约5wt%、至少约10wt%、至少约20wt%、至少约30wt%、至少约40wt%、至少约50wt%、至少约60wt%、至少约70wt%、至少约80wt%、至少约90wt%或至少约95wt%。
在再其他实施方式中,用于粘结剂层的共混物中的一些聚合物不超过某些重量百分比。例如,P1的重量百分比为粘结剂层的不大于约50wt%、不大于约40wt%、不大于约30wt%、不大于约20wt%、不大于约10wt%、不大于约5wt%、不大于约2wt%、不大于约1wt%。在其他实施方式中,P2的重量百分比为粘结剂层的不大于约50wt%、不大于约40wt%、不大于约30wt%、不大于约20wt%、不大于约10wt%、不大于约5wt%、不大于约2wt%、不大于约1wt%。在再其他实施方式中,P3或任意后续的聚合物的重量百分比为粘结剂层的不大于约95wt%、不大于约90wt%、不大于约80wt%、不大于约70wt%、不大于约60wt%、不大于约50wt%、不大于约40wt%、不大于约30wt%、不大于约20wt%、不大于约10wt%、不大于约5wt%、不大于约2wt%或不大于约1wt%。
P1、P2、P3或任意后续的聚合物中的任何一种均可为改性聚合物或官能化聚合物。至少一种热塑性聚合物的改性包括引入改善未改性热塑性塑料的粘结强度的官能团。在一些实施方式中,改性聚合物包含如下列式所示的官能团,例如酮基、烷氧基、羟基、羧基或羧酸酯基:
其中R基为具有1至20个碳原子的环状或直链有机基团。
可通过添加至少一种改性剂(M)将官能团引入热塑性聚合物(P)。适宜的改性剂例如马来酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐(1);衣康酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐(2);和/或柠康酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐(3)。其他改性剂包括甲基丙烯酸及其衍生物(4)或其异构体巴豆酸及衍生物(5),其中(4)和(5)中的R可为氢、具有1至20个碳原子的环状或直链有机基团。
在本发明中,聚合物(P)与改性剂(M)之比可为99.9mol%(P):0.1mol%(M)至80mol%(P):20mol%(M)。
聚合物(P)与改性剂(M)之比的改变引发MFI(熔体流动指数)的变化,MFI如DIN EN ISO 1133所限定,在此全文引入。由在规定温度和负载下10分钟内能够通过限定尺寸的孔中挤出的聚合物的质量而确定MFI。通常,负载为5kg,温度约为待表征物质的熔点。例如,PFA的熔点为约372°C,FEP或ETFE的熔点为约297℃。
在一些实施方式中,粘结剂的MFI可为1至100g/10min,例如2至50g/10min或3至25g/10min。
在一些实施方式中,官能化聚合物可选自任意含氟聚合物,包括四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)、全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)、乙烯-四氟乙烯(ETFE)、四氟乙烯-全氟(甲基乙烯醚)(MFA)、改性聚四氟乙烯(TFM)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-氯三氟乙烯共聚物(ECTFE)。
粘结剂层不仅可包含所述至少一种官能化热塑性聚合物,还可包含式为CF2=CF-O-R1的全氟(烷基乙烯醚)的共聚物,其中R1为全氟乙基、全氟正丙基或全氟正丁基以及四氟乙烯。
在一种实施方式中,所述滑动轴承的特征可在于:与包含非官能化热塑性聚合物的粘结剂层相比,包含具有上述类型官能团的官能化热塑性聚合物的粘结剂层所带来的滑动层与支承体材料之间改善的粘结性。
由于与金属支承体甚至未经预处理的表面,特别是与冷轧钢、冷轧电镀锌钢、铝或不锈钢的粘结性得到改善,因而可免除存在生态问题且处理强度大的湿化学预处理工艺,特别是铬化。
如本申请人所进行的研究所示,不再需要例如EP0848031B1中所述的粘结剂表面预处理物理工艺(如借助电晕放电的等离子体预处理),在EP0848031B1中类似地将官能化热塑性含氟聚合物描述为层合物的组分。因此,与现有技术相比,用于制造所述滑动轴承的工艺能够以明显更低的成本及更小的生态影响得以实现。
所述金属支承体可具有任意结构或形状。在一些实施方式中,所述金属支承体可为板、片、织造织物、筛网或金属泡沫体。在一些实施方式中,所述金属支承体包括钢、1.0338号冷轧钢材、1.0347号冷轧钢材、无光泽镀锌钢、1.4512号不锈钢材、1.4720号不锈钢材、1.4310号不锈钢材、铝、合金或它们的任意组合。
在其他实施方式中,所述金属支承体可具有涂层。所述涂层可为另一种金属或合金的层。在一些实施方式中,所述涂层为包含下列金属中的至少一种的金属或合金:铬、钼、钨、锰、铁、钌、锇、钴、铑、铱、镍、钯、铂、铜、银、金、锌、镉、汞、铝、镓、铟、铊、硅、锗、锡、铅、锑和铋。
在再其他实施方式中,所述涂层可为铜合金、铜锡合金、铜锌合金、青铜、磷青铜、硅青铜、黄铜或它们的任意组合。
在一种实施方式中,用于所述滑动轴承的金属支承体可具有不同特性的表面。由于包括含氟聚合物共混物的粘结剂层改善的粘结性,所述金属支承体可具有光滑表面或者粗糙或结构化表面(例如通过对结构进行刷擦、喷砂、压纹所得到的结构化表面)。不管表面粗糙度如何,还可对表面进行修饰以形成镀覆表面,例如电镀锌表面。
所述粘结剂层的厚度可基本上对应于金属支承体的粗糙度,所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离R最大。以此方式,可确保将足够厚的粘结剂层施加于金属支承体,以使得确保滑动层与金属支承体之间在整个面积上的粘性结合。所述粘结剂层也不应制得过厚。在粘结剂层过厚的情况下,存在如下风险:接合各层时,所述粘结剂层的部分可能自粘性结合中压出,或者在滑动轴承经受剪切应力时金属支承体表面的粗糙轮廓之上突出的粘结剂层部分内可能发生粘性开裂。
例如,所述金属支承体的表面粗糙度可为至少约0.01微米、至少约0.02微米、至少约0.05微米、至少约0.1微米、至少约0.5微米、至少约1微米、至少约2微米、至少约5微米、至少约10微米、至少约20微米、至少约50微米、至少约100微米、至少约200微米或至少约400微米。
在其他实施方式中,所述表面粗糙度低于约400微米、低于约200微米、低于约100微米、低于约50微米、低于约25微米、低于约20微米、低于约15微米、低于约10微米、低于约5微米、低于约3微米、低于约2微米、甚或低于约1微米。
在再一种实施方式中,所述金属支承体的表面粗糙度可为约0.1微米至约400微米、约0.5微米至约100微米、或约1微米至约50微米。
在另一种实施方式中,所述粘结剂层可包括两层如上所述含至少两种含氟聚合物P1和P2或至少三种含氟聚合物的官能化热塑性聚合物。在所述两层之间可嵌入金属中间层。以此方式可实现材料的校准能力(calibratability)的提高。所述金属中间层在此可构造为金属网(expandedmetal)。所述金属中间层可包括不锈钢、铝或青铜。
为了改善滑动轴承的机械和整体物理性能,所述粘结剂层可包含填料。所述填料可提高和/或改善导热性和/或耐磨性。所述填料可为纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料或它们的混合物。例如,纤维可包括玻璃纤维、碳纤维和芳族聚酰胺。无机材料可包括陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、石墨、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜和碳化硅。所述无机材料可为织造织物、粉末、球体或纤维的形式。热塑性材料的实例可包括聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(polyphenylene sulphone)(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚醚酮(PEK)和芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。矿物材料的实例可包括钙硅石和硫酸钡。
所述中间层中填料的比例可为约1至约40体积%,例如约5至约30体积%、约10至约25体积%、甚或约20至约25体积%。所述中间层的厚度可为约0.001mm至0.4mm,例如0.01mm至0.05mm。
施加于所述粘结剂层的滑动层可包含含氟聚合物,例如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)或它们的混合物。在一种具体实施方式中,所述滑动层可包括PTFE化合物层。在一些实施方式中,所述滑动层可构造为透气、穿孔或多孔的。这种构造结合填料或润滑剂改善了导热性。
在一种实施方式中,所述滑动轴承具有优良的滑动性并在合适的厚度下具有长寿命。所述滑动层的厚度介于约0.01mm至约1.5mm之间,例如0.1mm至约1.0mm,或约0.1mm至约0.5mm,甚或约0.1mm至约0.35mm。
在再一种实施方式中,施加于所述粘结剂层的滑动层也可顺次包含填料,用以提高和/或改善导热性和/或耐磨性。所述填料可包括纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料或它们的混合物。纤维的实例可包括玻璃纤维、碳纤维和芳族聚酰胺。无机材料的实例可包括陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、石墨、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜和碳化硅。所述无机材料可为织造织物、粉末、球体或纤维的形式。热塑性材料的实例可包括聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(polyphenylene sulphone)(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚醚酮(PEK)和芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。所述矿物材料的实例可包括钙硅石和硫酸钡。
在所述滑动层中填料的比例可为约1至约40体积%,例如约5至约30体积%,或约10至约25体积%。
在一种实施方式中,一种用于制造滑动轴承的方法可包括将至少两种含氟聚合物P1和P2共混,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)以形成聚合物共混物。该方法可包括加热所述聚合物共混物以及将所述共混物施用于金属支承体以形成粘结剂层。该方法还可包括将滑动层接合于所述粘结剂层上。可在压力下和/或引入热的情况下使所述粘结剂层和滑动层以其面积接合于支承体。
在一种方法中,所述金属支承体和滑动层两者在各种情况下均以连续材料形式碾压成卷。将粘性聚合物施用于所述金属支承体,并在层合辊装置中在压力和高温下使各层相互接合。为了实现粘结剂层与金属支承体的粘结性的进一步改善以及金属支承体耐腐蚀性的改善,该方法的一种实施方式使得所述金属支承体的表面为粗糙的和/或经表面改质的(surface-upgraded)。在其他实施方式中,该方法可包括涂覆金属表面。
所述金属的表面可通过电镀锌处理使表面粗糙化、改质或涂覆该表面。所述处理在施加粘结剂层之前进行。在其他实施方式中,可通过机械结构化增加所述金属支承体的表面积。所述结构化可包括刷光、喷砂、蚀刻、穿孔、酸洗、冲压、压制、卷曲、深冲压、平翘曲(decambering)、渐进片材成形、整烫、激光切割、轧制、锤击、压纹、凹割及它们的任意组合。例如,结构的压纹为相互啮合提供了可能,这对于所得结合力具有积极影响。
图1示出了示例性免维护滑动轴承的结构。其中,金属支承体标记为1,而2表示粘结剂层以及3表示施加于其的滑动层。
在一种实施方式中,中间层2包括含有热塑性聚合物的共混物的粘结剂层。所述共混物包括至少两种热塑性含氟聚合物P1和P2,其中P1选自全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)或四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)。P2不同于P1,可为含氟聚合物或改性含氟聚合物。所述改性含氟聚合物具有如下列式所示的官能团:
其中,R基为具有1至20个碳原子的环状或直链有机基团。可通过添加至少一种改性剂(M)将所述官能团引入热塑性聚合物(P)。适宜的改性剂例如:马来酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐;衣康酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐;和/或柠康酸及其衍生物,特别是其酸酐。
施加于粘结剂层2的滑动层3可以是PTFE化合物带,特别是经表面预处理,优选经蚀刻的PTFE化合物带。所使用的PTFE化合物层3可包含各种填料,例如纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料或它们的混合物,以改善机械性能。纤维的实例可包括玻璃纤维、碳纤维和芳香族聚酰胺。无机材料的实例可包括陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、石墨、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜和碳化硅。所述无机材料可为织造织物、粉末、球体或纤维的形式。热塑性材料的实例可包括聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(polyphenylene sulphone)(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚醚酮(PEK)和芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。矿物材料的实例可包括钙硅石和硫酸钡。
在一种实施方式中,所述提高的粘结强度可使用夹层层合物通过180°剥离试验来测定。
实施例
180°T型剥离试验
180°T型剥离试验描述于DIN EN 1895,在此引入其全部内容。准备具有五层结构的样品条。层的设置为:钢背衬、粘结剂、滑动层、粘结剂、钢背衬。样品条的宽度为25mm。将夹具各于一端固定于相对的钢外缘。将所述钢背衬拉开并测量使所述钢背衬分离所用的剥离力。
在一个实验中,将具有纯FEP或纯PFA的条选作粘结剂层的材料。在另一个实验中,将各种比率的FEP与PFA的共混物选作粘结剂层的材料。将等级为1.0338的冷轧钢选作金属背衬层,将填料含量为25%的PTFE化合物带选作滑动层。
如图2所示实验结果所证实,FEP与PEA的共混物具有明显高于纯基料的剥离强度。纯FEP的剥离强度为70N/英寸,而纯PFA的剥离强度为80N/英寸。出乎预料的是,50/50的FEP与PFA的共混物产生了160N/英寸的剥离强度。更令人惊讶的是,改变FEP和PFA的比率会影响剥离强度。30wt%PFA与70wt%FEP的共混物产生了180N/英寸的剥离强度。这些结果体现了粘结强度的明显改善。与之相比,作为常规粘结聚合物的标准ETFE具有130N/英寸的剥离强度。
滑动轴承可制成各种非常不同的形状和尺寸。最小的轴承即所谓的微微型轴承其高度仅几μm,相比而言,用于其他应用的轴承高度可达500mm。
滑动轴承可包括平面轴承、环形轴承、衬套轴承、球节轴承(半球)、滚动轴承、止推轴承、推力轴承、直线轴承、轴承壳、轴承座及它们的组合。
所述轴承的优点在于免维护。术语“免维护”是指轴承无需像先前车门中的轴承那样进行润滑。然而,免维护轴承的寿命却超出了引入这些轴承的产品的平均寿命或用于相同用途的常规轴承的寿命。
滑动轴承在商业工业应用广泛,范围覆盖重金属业到汽车及自行车业,甚至用于烘焙业、膝上/移动电话铰链、太阳能用轴承等。
应当指出的是,并非需要以上发明内容或实施例中所述的全部操作,一种具体操作中的一部分可能是并不需要的,除上述操作之外,还可进行一种或多种另外的操作。此外,所列举的操作顺序也不是这些操作进行的必要顺序。
在前述说明书中,参照具体实施方式对本发明的构思进行了描述。然而,本领域普通技术人员认识到,在不脱离以下权利要求所述发明范围的情况下,可作出各种改进和变化。因而,所述说明书和附图应视为示例性的而非限定性的,所有此类改进均意欲包含于本发明范围之内。
如本文所用,术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”或其任意其他变体旨在覆盖非排他性的内含要素。例如,包括列举特征的工艺、方法、制品或设备不必仅限定于这些特征,还可包括未明确列出或者这些工艺、方法、制品或设备所固有的其他特征。此外,相反,除非明确指出,“或”是指或者包括而不是或者不包括。例如,下列中的任一种均符合条件A或B:A为真(或存在)且B为假(或不存在),A为假(或不存在)和B为真(或存在),以及A和B均为真(或存在)。
另外,“一个”或“一种”用于描述本文所述的元素和组件。这仅是出于方便的目的并提供对本发明范围的总体认识。这种描述应理解为包括一个或至少一个,单数形式也包括复数含义,除非明显另有其他含义。
以上结合具体实施方式对益处、其他优点和问题解决方案进行了描述。然而,所述益处、优点、问题解决方案和可能使任意益处、优点或解决方案产生或更加明显的任意一种或多种特征不应理解为任意或所有权利要求的关键、必要或基本的特征。
阅读本说明书之后,技术人员应当认识到,为了清楚起见在独立的各实施方式中进行描述的某些特征也可以组合形式出现在一种实施方式中。相反,为了简便起见在一种实施方式中进行描述的多个特征也可单独地或以任意亚组合的形式出现。另外,所提及的以范围说明的数值包括该范围内的各个及每个数值。
Claims (92)
1.一种滑动轴承,包括:
金属支承体,
直接施加于所述金属支承体的粘结剂层,其中所述粘结剂层包含两种含氟聚合物P1和P2的共混物,其中P1为四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP)且P2为全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA),其中P1以所述共混物的至少50wt%的量存在且P2以所述共混物的至少30wt%的量存在和
滑动层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑动轴承,其中P1和P2的重量百分比率为50:50。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的滑动轴承,其中P2为官能化聚合物,所述官能化聚合物具有引入所述聚合物的官能团,且所述官能团选自
其中R选自具有1至20个碳原子的环状或直链有机基团。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述粘结剂层的厚度基本上对应于所述金属支承体的粗糙度,所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为所述金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述粘结剂层包括两层,所述两层之间嵌有金属中间层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属中间层构造为金属网。
7.根据权利要求5所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属中间层包括不锈钢、铝或青铜。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述粘结剂层还包含至少一种填料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料选自纤 维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料、或它们的任意组合。
10.根据权利要求9所述的滑动轴承,其中所述纤维是玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳香族聚酰胺。
11.根据权利要求9所述的滑动轴承,其中所述无机材料是陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜、或碳化硅。
12.根据权利要求11所述的滑动轴承,其中所述碳是石墨。
13.根据权利要求9所述的滑动轴承,其中所述热塑性材料是聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、或芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。
14.根据权利要求9所述的滑动轴承,其中所述矿物材料是钙硅石或硫酸钡。
15.根据权利要求8所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料选自织造织物、粉末、球体、或它们的任意组合。
16.根据权利要求8所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料所占比例为1至40体积%。
17.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述粘结剂层的厚度为0.001至0.05mm。
18.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度低于400微米,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为所述金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离。
19.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度为至少1微米,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为所述金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离。
20.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度为0.1μm至400μm,其中所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为所述金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离。
21.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属支承体还包括涂层。
22.根据权利要求21所述的滑动轴承,其中所述涂层为选自由下列所组成的群组:铬、钼、钨、锰、铁、钌、锇、钴、铑、铱、镍、钯、铂、铜、银、金、锌、镉、汞、铝、镓、铟、铊、硅、锗、锡、铅、锑和铋。
23.根据权利要求21所述的滑动轴承,其中所述涂层为选自由下列所组成的群组的合金:青铜、黄铜及其组合。
24.根据权利要求23所述的滑动轴承,其中所述涂层是铜锡合金或铜锌合金。
25.根据权利要求23所述的滑动轴承,其中所述青铜是磷青铜或硅青铜。
26.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述金属支承体包括钢、铝、合金或它们的任意组合。
27.根据权利要求26所述的滑动轴承,其中所述钢是1.0338号冷轧钢材、1.0347号冷轧钢材、无光泽镀锌钢、1.4512号不锈钢材、1.4720号不锈钢材、或1.4310号不锈钢材。
28.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层包含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)或它们的混合物。
29.根据权利要求28所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层为聚四氟乙烯化合物层。
30.根据权利要求28所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层为聚醚醚酮化合物层。
31.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层为透气的、多孔的或它们的任意组合。
32.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层的厚度为0.01至1.5mm。
33.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层包含至少一种填料。
34.根据权利要求33所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料选自纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料、或它们的混合物。
35.根据权利要求34所述的滑动轴承,其中所述纤维是玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳香族聚酰胺。
36.根据权利要求34所述的滑动轴承,其中所述无机材料是陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜、或碳化硅。
37.根据权利要求36所述的滑动轴承,其中所述碳是石墨。
38.根据权利要求34所述的滑动轴承,其中所述热塑性材料是聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、(聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、或芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。
39.根据权利要求34所述的滑动轴承,其中所述矿物材料是钙硅石或硫酸钡。
40.根据权利要求33所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料选自织造织物、粉末、球体、或它们的任意组合。
41.根据权利要求33所述的滑动轴承,其中所述至少一种填料在所述滑动层中所占比例为1至40体积%。
42.一种用于制造滑动轴承的方法,所述方法包括:
将两种含氟聚合物P1和P2共混,其中P1为四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(FEP),以形成聚合物共混物,
加热所述共混物,
将所述共混物施加于金属支承体上以形成粘结剂层,和
将滑动层接合于所述粘结剂层上。
43.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中P2不同于P1,且P2为全氟烷氧基乙烯(PFA)。
44.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其进一步包括添加第三聚合物P3,其中P3不同于P1和P2,且P3选自聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PSS)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)、乙烯-四氟乙烯(ETFE)、四氟乙烯-全氟(甲基乙烯醚)(MFA)、改性聚四氟乙烯(TFM)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-氯三氟乙烯(ECTFE)、聚醚砜(PES)和聚醚酮(PEK)。
45.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中P2为官能化聚合物,所述官能化聚合物具有引入所述聚合物的官能团,且所述官能团选自
其中R选自具有1至20个碳原子的环状或直链有机基团。
46.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述粘结剂层 的厚度基本上对应于所述金属支承体的粗糙度,所述金属支承体的粗糙度限定为所述金属支承体的表面粗糙轮廓中最大轮廓峰高和最大轮廓谷深之间的距离。
47.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括在接合所述滑动层之前将金属中间层嵌于所述粘结剂层中。
48.根据权利要求47所述的方法,其中所述金属中间层构造为金属网。
49.根据权利要求47所述的方法,其中所述金属中间层包括不锈钢、铝或青铜。
50.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括将至少一种填料添加于所述共混物。
51.根据权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料选自纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料、或它们的任意组合。
52.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中所述纤维是玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳香族聚酰胺。
53.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中所述无机材料是陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜、或碳化硅。
54.根据权利要求53所述的方法,其中所述碳是石墨。
55.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中所述热塑性材料是聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、或芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。
56.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中所述矿物材料是钙硅石或硫酸钡。
57.根据权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料选自织造织物、粉末、球体、或它们的任意组合。
58.根据权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料所占比例为所述共混物的1至40体积%。
59.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述粘结剂层的厚度为0.001至0.4mm。
60.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括在施用所述共混物之前使所述金属支承体的表面平滑。
61.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括在施用所述共混物之前使所述金属支承体的表面粗糙。
62.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括使用金属涂覆所述金属支承体的表面,所述金属选自铬、钼、钨、锰、钌、锇、钴、铑、铱、镍、钯、铂、铜、银、金、锌和镉。
63.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中所述涂覆包括电镀、无电解镀覆、覆层、镀锌、气相沉积、溅射沉积。
64.根据权利要求63所述的方法,其中所述镀锌是热镀锌。
65.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括使所述金属支承体结构化。
66.根据权利要求65所述的方法,其中所述结构化包括刷光、喷砂、蚀刻、穿孔、酸洗、冲压、压制、卷曲、深冲压、平翘曲、渐进片材成形、整烫、激光切割、轧制、锤击、压纹、凹割及它们的任意组合。
67.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述金属支承体包括钢、铝、合金或它们的任意组合。
68.根据权利要求67所述的方法,其中所述钢是1.0338号冷轧钢材、1.0347号冷轧钢材、无光泽镀锌钢、1.4512号不锈钢材、1.4720号不锈钢材、或1.4310号不锈钢材。
69.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述滑动层包含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)或它们的混合物。
70.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述滑动层为聚四氟乙烯化合物层。
71.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括使所述滑动层为多孔的、透气的或它们的任意组合。
72.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,还包括使所述滑动层为穿孔的、透气的或它们的组合。
73.根据权利要求42至43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述滑动层包含至少一种填料。
74.根据权利要求73所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料选自纤维、无机材料、热塑性材料、矿物材料、或它们的混合物。
75.根据权利要求74所述的方法,其中所述纤维是玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳香族聚酰胺。
76.根据权利要求74所述的方法,其中所述无机材料是陶瓷材料、碳、玻璃、氧化铝、硫化钼、青铜、或碳化硅。
77.根据权利要求76所述的方法,其中所述碳是石墨。
78.根据权利要求74所述的方法,其中所述热塑性材料是聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚亚苯基砜(PPSO2)、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、或芳香族聚酯(Ekonol)。
79.根据权利要求74所述的方法,其中所述矿物材料是钙硅石或硫酸钡。
80.根据权利要求73所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料选自织造织物、粉末、球体、或它们的任意组合。
81.根据权利要求73所述的方法,其中所述至少一种填料所占比例为1至40体积%。
82.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动轴承在室温下的剥离力为至少120N/英寸。
83.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述粘结剂层具有至少一种为再循环聚合物的聚合物。
84.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中P1为再循环聚合物。
85.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中P2为再循环聚合物。
86.根据前述权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中P1和P2为再循环聚合物。
87.根据权利要求42或43所述的方法,其中所述滑动轴承在室温下的剥离力为至少120N/英寸。
88.根据权利要求42或43所述的方法,其中所述粘结剂层具有至少一种为再循环聚合物的聚合物。
89.根据权利要求42或43所述的方法,其中P1为再循环聚合物。
90.根据权利要求42或43所述的方法,其中P2为再循环聚合物。
91.根据权利要求42或43所述的方法,其中P1和P2为再循环聚合物。
92.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其中所述滑动层为穿孔的、 透气的或它们的组合。
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BR (1) | BR112013027620A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2833809A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2702285T3 (zh) |
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JP2023504771A (ja) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-02-07 | サン-ゴバン パフォーマンス プラスティックス コーポレイション | フランジ付き軸受、組立体、並びにその製造及び使用方法 |
KR20210088328A (ko) | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-14 | 휴렛-팩커드 디벨롭먼트 컴퍼니, 엘.피. | 정착 벨트와 가압 부재 사이의 마찰 저감을 위한 습동층 |
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- 2012-04-27 PL PL12776295T patent/PL2702285T3/pl unknown
- 2012-04-27 WO PCT/US2012/035621 patent/WO2012149447A2/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-27 CA CA2833809A patent/CA2833809A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-27 CN CN201280019939.1A patent/CN103502665B/zh active Active
- 2012-04-27 JP JP2014508145A patent/JP2014518989A/ja active Pending
- 2012-04-27 US US13/458,882 patent/US9297416B2/en active Active
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JP2018066473A (ja) | 2018-04-26 |
JP6511619B2 (ja) | 2019-05-15 |
US9297416B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
US20120275731A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012149447A3 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
JP6772323B2 (ja) | 2020-10-21 |
CA2833809A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012149447A2 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
JP2016128719A (ja) | 2016-07-14 |
EP2702285B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
JP2019148336A (ja) | 2019-09-05 |
PL2702285T3 (pl) | 2018-01-31 |
EP2702285A4 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
JP2014518989A (ja) | 2014-08-07 |
BR112013027620A2 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
EP2702285A2 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
KR101594878B1 (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
CN103502665A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
KR20130140887A (ko) | 2013-12-24 |
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