CN103444610B - Artificial propagation method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444610B CN103444610B CN201310433990.3A CN201310433990A CN103444610B CN 103444610 B CN103444610 B CN 103444610B CN 201310433990 A CN201310433990 A CN 201310433990A CN 103444610 B CN103444610 B CN 103444610B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial propagation method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis, and belongs to the technical field of fish farming. The artificial propagation method includes the steps of intensive parent fish cultivation, artificial parturition hastening, artificial insemination and artificial incubation. The artificial propagation method has the advantages that mature propagation parents can be cultivated stably under environmental conditions with low water temperatures, and the method is applicable to artificial propagation of the acrossocheilus yunnanensis in highland cold water environments; artificial control degree is high in the process of propagation of the acrossocheilus yunnanensis, entire artificial medicine parturition hastening, artificial insemination and artificial incubation are realized, propagation process is stable and controllable, and the method is applicable to large-scale fry breeding according to needs; the method is simple, efficient and beneficial to popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial fecundation method of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis, belong to fish culture technical field.
Background technology
Acrossocheilus yunnanensis (Acrossocheilus yunnanensis) belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, and Barbinae, light lip fish belongs to.The middle-size and small-size fish with the important ecological value and certain economic worth.Being distributed in Pearl River system, ChangJiang River upstream and tributary thereof, is China's Endemic fish, and type locality, in Yunnan, has the plateau of adaptation cold water environment, and individuality is the feature of large (common individuality reaches 20～30cm).Due to the reason such as hydraulic engineering construction and river pollution, overfishing, Acrossocheilus yunnanensis germ plasm resource amount sharply reduces in recent years, and trace has been difficult to find on many ground, Yunnan, in the indivedual cold water dragon's pools of Zhi Dian Chi, Central Yunnan, Yunnan periphery, has a small amount of natural population.Recover Acrossocheilus yunnanensis germ plasm resource and become the important research contents of Yunnan Province's fishery.Make good use of this Species of Rare Fish from Qingdao resource in order to protect, from 2010, unit of the present invention adhered to collecting Acrossocheilus yunnanensis wild germplasm, and carried out aspect researchs such as raising and train cultivation, artificial propagation and seed rearing.
The present invention is intended to carry out artificial propagation techniques research and the application of the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis of cultivating under the cultivating condition of altitude environment (Central Yunnan, Yunnan) cold water pond.Through document retrieval, do not find at home the report identical with the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial fecundation method of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis, that is: by the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis of domesticating and cultivating under the cultivating condition of cold water pond, by parent fish rearing, reach sexual maturity, implement artificial induced spawning, hatching, successful reproduction filial generation.
The artificial fecundation method of a kind of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis of the present invention, its concrete steps are as follows:
A. parent population reinforced cultivating
The maturation individuality that selection total length in 3～5 age reaches 20～30cm carries out special pond reinforced cultivating as parent population, cultivates pool area 100～300m
2, the depth of water 0.8～1.2m, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, water body exchanged once on 3rd～4, kept that water body is limpid to be made pool wall raw appropriate thread algae to ingest for parent population; The carp perfect compound feed that particle diameter 2mm albumen quality percentage is 37% of throwing something and feeding first 4 months of mating season, a day feeding volume is 3%～4% of fish body weight; The daily iron supplement long yellow mealworm young of 2～3cm of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is fish body weight 0.3%;
B. artificial induced spawning
, carry out parent population and hasten parturition when 14.5 DEG C～18 DEG C of water temperatures in mid or late April; Pectoral fin base portion injection oxytocic drug: maleic acid DOM (DOM) 5～7mg/kg fish body weight+luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2(LHRH-A
2) 6～8ug/kg fish body weight+human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), 1000～1300 units/kg fish body weight, milter injected dose is raun 1/3～1/2; After oxytocic drug injection, parent population is placed in storage pond, holding pond shading foster and stimulation by running water temporarily, and water temperature is controlled at 15 ± 1 DEG C, and the effect time is 35～38h;
C. artificial insemination
Dry method of artificial fertilization: fish-egg and milter seminal fluid are 1:1～2 according to male and female ratio, clamp-on in the ceramic whiteware basin of drying, fully stir 1～2 minute with chicken feather, adding a little clear water stirs 1～2 minute again, make it abundant fertilization, the standing 40min of plastic big basin container that fertilized egg being placed in being stirred is equipped with to clear water cleans fertilized egg 1～2 time with clear water again after the abundant imbibition egg membrane of fertilized egg lifts 30～40min, waits for hatching;
D. artificial incubation
Plastic big basin Lentic hatching and two kinds of modes of the micro-Lotic hatching of floating incubation plate are taked in artificial incubation; The plastic big basin 20L that is filled with water, places 3000～4000 pieces, fertilized egg, and indoor temperature is controlled at 15～16 DEG C, shading, leaves standstill hatching, and sooner or later change water 2 times every day, changes water 1/2 at every turn; Floating incubation plate is to cut down and merge and follow closely the rectangle wooden frame of making 50cm × 100cm with the batten saw of the wide 6cm of thick 1cm, and wooden frame bottom surface nail presses the open and flat tight bolting silk sheet of 40 order to make; Floating incubation plate floats on hatchery, 8000～10000 pieces, every dish lay individual layer fertilized egg, hatchery area 5～10m
2, the depth of water 0.3～0.5m, covered with sunshade net shading, keeps miniflow water and water temperature constant, hatchery water day exchange 3～4 times; Two kinds of modes, in the time of 15～16 DEG C of water temperatures, through 144～192h, are hatched prelarva, and average incubation rate reaches 78.3%.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, under lower water temperature environmental condition, just can stably cultivate ripe breeding parent, be suitable for plateau cold water environment and carry out the artificial propagation of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis.
2, Acrossocheilus yunnanensis reproductive process Artificial Control degree is high, and for total man's work medicine is hastened parturition, artificial insemination and hatching, process stabilization is controlled, suitablely carries out scale seed breeding by demand;
3, have advantages of that method is easy, efficient, be beneficial to and apply.
Embodiment
In the invention process, parent population reinforced cultivating feed, artificial induced spawning medication are market purchase.
Inventor adopts the inventive method to carry out the research of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis artificial propagation techniques year July in January, 2012 to 2013 in the subordinate's of Yunnan Fisheries Technology Promotion Station cold water fish culture experiment base, and breeding parent is screened through the cultivation of 2～3 years by the wild Acrossocheilus yunnanensis fingerling of unit of the present invention domesticating and cultivating.In mid or late April, 2013 is chosen 20 groups of mature brood fish, carries out artificial induced spawning injection, and spawning rate reaches 90%, realizes artificial propagation Acrossocheilus yunnanensis 18.7 ten thousand tails.Incubation rate reaches 78.3%, and extremely flat trip stage survival rate of fish fry reaches 81.2%.Embodiment is as follows:
A. parent population reinforced cultivating
Before mating season 4 months, select to reach individual large, the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis that physique is healthy and strong of age at sexual maturity (3～5 age) as parent population, general total length reaches 20～30cm.Carry out special pond reinforced cultivating, reinforced cultivating pond adopts cement flowing water pond, area 300m
2, depth of water 1.2m, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, water body exchanged once on 3rd～4.Occurring in nature Acrossocheilus yunnanensis is mainly taking thread algae as food, therefore keep water body limpid so that at the bottom of pond pool wall raw appropriate thread algae and ingest for Acrossocheilus yunnanensis parent population.The carp perfect compound feed that the particle diameter 2mm albumen quality of throwing something and feeding percentage is 37%, a day feeding volume is 3～4% of fish body weight; The daily iron supplement long yellow mealworm young of 2～3cm of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 0.3% of fish body weight;
B. artificial induced spawning
About mid-April, between 14.5 DEG C～18 DEG C of water temperatures time, select physique stalwartness, parent population that gonad development is good to carry out artificial induced spawning.General ripe raun belly is larger, softness and high resilience, and side sexual gland profile is obvious, gently presses belly, can see long ± 0.5～1.0cm of gonapophysis, white powder.Milter health is more slender, a rhynchodaenm and side scale adularescent pearl star, and the full soft degree of belly is not as good as raun, and when ripe, the light belly of pressing can flow out dense thick white seminal fluid from gonopore.The injection of hastening parturition adopts oxytocins mixed solvent.The combination of raun oxytocic drug and dosage are: maleic acid DOM (DOM) 5～7mg/kg fish body weight+luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2(LHRH-A
2) 6～8ug/kg fish body weight+human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), 1000～1300 units/kg fish body weight.Injection site is pectoral fin base portion.Male parent population injectable drug and the same raun of method, dosage is raun 1/3～1/2.Parent population after oxytocic drug injection is put into small-sized cement storage pond, holding pond, and carry out stimulation by running water.Excited because of meeting performance after milter drug injection, happiness is jumped, and parent population storage pond, holding pond need suitable for reading are added a cover sunshade net and prevented escaping and being used for shading.When water temperature is controlled at 15 ± 1 DEG C, the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis medicine ecbolic effect time is 35～38h.
C. artificial insemination
Dry method of artificial fertilization: fish-egg and milter seminal fluid are 1:1～2 according to male and female ratio, clamp-on in the ceramic whiteware basin of drying, fully stir 1～2 minute with chicken feather, adding a little clear water stirs 1～2 minute again, make it abundant fertilization, the standing 40min of plastic big basin container that fertilized egg being placed in being stirred is equipped with to clear water cleans fertilized egg 1 to 2 time with clear water again after the abundant imbibition egg membrane of fertilized egg lifts 30～40min, waits for hatching.
D. artificial incubation
Example one:
Plastic big basin hatching pattern: the every basin of plastic big basin (specification: the 60cm × end opening 51cm suitable for reading × dark 21cm) 20L that is filled with water, place 3000～4000 pieces, Acrossocheilus yunnanensis fertilized egg, indoor temperature is controlled at 15～16 DEG C, shading, standing hatching, sooner or later change water 2 times every day, changes water 1/2 at every turn, in the time of 15～16 DEG C of water temperatures, through 144～192h, hatch prelarva, incubation rate reaches 78.3%.This hatching pattern is applicable to hatching on a small scale.
Example two:
Floating incubation plate miniflow water hatching pattern: this is applicable to fairly large hatching can carry out in hatching workshop.Floating incubation plate production method: use thickness 1cm, the batten of width 6cm is sawed to cut down and merge and followed closely the rectangle wooden frame of making 50cm × 100cm, and wooden frame bottom surface nail presses the open and flat tight bolting silk sheet of 40 order.Floating incubation plate row blow up floats on the water surface of hatchery, and every dish holds 8000～10000 pieces, fertilized egg, at the bottom of fertilized egg is laid in floating incubation plate, is just immersed in below the water surface.Hatchery area 6m
2, the depth of water 0.3～0.5m, covered with sunshade net shading, keeps miniflow water and water temperature constant, Spawning water day exchange 3～4 times.In the time of 15～16 DEG C of water temperatures, through 144～192h, hatch Acrossocheilus yunnanensis prelarva, incubation rate reaches 78.3%.
The prelarva that example one or example two are hatched is transferred in time the fry rearing pond of inner wall smooth and supports temporarily, absorbs after complete flat trip to yolk sac, and the cultivation of fry opening is carried out in the outdoor fish pond of transposition.
Claims (1)
1. an artificial fecundation method for Acrossocheilus yunnanensis, is characterized in that the concrete steps of artificial fecundation method of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis are as follows:
A. parent population reinforced cultivating
The maturation individuality that selection total length in 3～5 age reaches 20～30cm carries out special pond reinforced cultivating as parent population, cultivates pool area 100～300m
2, the depth of water 0.8～1.2m, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, water body exchanged once on 3rd～4, kept that water body is limpid to be made pool wall raw appropriate thread algae to ingest for parent population; The carp perfect compound feed that particle diameter 2mm albumen quality percentage is 37% of throwing something and feeding first 4 months of mating season, a day feeding volume is 3%～4% of fish body weight; The daily iron supplement long yellow mealworm young of 2～3cm of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 0.3% of fish body weight;
B. artificial induced spawning
, carry out parent population and hasten parturition when 14.5 DEG C～18 DEG C of water temperatures in mid or late April; Pectoral fin base portion injection oxytocic drug: maleic acid DOM (DOM) 5～7mg/kg fish body weight+luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2(LHRH-A
2) 6～8ug/kg fish body weight+human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), 1000～1300 units/kg fish body weight, milter injected dose is raun 1/3～1/2; After oxytocic drug injection, parent population is placed in storage pond, holding pond shading foster and stimulation by running water temporarily, and water temperature is controlled at 15 ± 1 DEG C, and the effect time is 35～38h;
C. artificial insemination
Dry method of artificial fertilization: fish-egg and milter seminal fluid are 1:1～2 according to male and female ratio, clamp-on in the ceramic whiteware basin of drying, fully stir 1～2 minute with chicken feather, adding a little clear water stirs 1～2 minute again, make it abundant fertilization, the standing 40min of plastic big basin container that fertilized egg being placed in being stirred is equipped with to clear water cleans fertilized egg 1～2 time with clear water again after the abundant imbibition egg membrane of fertilized egg lifts 30～40min, waits for hatching;
D. artificial incubation
Plastic big basin Lentic hatching and two kinds of modes of the micro-Lotic hatching of floating incubation plate are taked in artificial incubation; The plastic big basin 20L that is filled with water, places 3000～4000 pieces, fertilized egg, and indoor temperature is controlled at 15～16 DEG C, shading, leaves standstill hatching, and sooner or later change water 2 times every day, changes water 1/2 at every turn; Floating incubation plate is to cut down and merge and follow closely the rectangle wooden frame of making 50cm × 100cm with the batten saw of the wide 6cm of thick 1cm, and wooden frame bottom surface nail presses the open and flat tight bolting silk sheet of 40 order to make; Floating incubation plate floats on hatchery, 8000～10000 pieces, every dish lay individual layer fertilized egg, hatchery area 5～10m
2, the depth of water 0.3～0.5m, covered with sunshade net shading, keeps miniflow water and water temperature constant, hatchery water day exchange 3～4 times; Two kinds of modes, in the time of 15～16 DEG C of water temperatures, through 144～192h, are hatched prelarva.
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| CN104509469B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-08-24 | 休宁县龙堂生态渔业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-density green ecological cultural method of smooth lip fish |
| CN104855310B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-02-01 | 龙南源头活水生态科技有限责任公司 | Acrossocheilus fasciatus simulated ecological factory large scale breeding and domestication method |
| CN106577393A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Artificial propagation method for breeding acrossocheilus fasciatus |
| CN107897052A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-04-13 | 龙泉市富溪农业发展有限公司 | A kind of grouper artificial breeding germplasm method for improving and its device |
| CN110741985A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-04 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus grahami |
| CN111280092B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-03-08 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | Artificial breeding method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis |
| CN111248117A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 谢张群 | Breeding method of acrossocheilus fasciatus |
| CN117296756B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-05-28 | 珠江水资源保护科学研究所 | Artificial propagation method for Alcheilus longifolia |
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