CN103339538B - 偏振片保护用易粘接性聚酯薄膜 - Google Patents
偏振片保护用易粘接性聚酯薄膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103339538B CN103339538B CN201280007582.5A CN201280007582A CN103339538B CN 103339538 B CN103339538 B CN 103339538B CN 201280007582 A CN201280007582 A CN 201280007582A CN 103339538 B CN103339538 B CN 103339538B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyvinyl alcohol
- mylar
- quality
- polaroid
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/318—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of liquid crystal displays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/312—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier parameters being the characterizing feature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2429/00—Presence of polyvinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2467/00—Presence of polyester
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2467/00—Presence of polyester
- C09J2467/006—Presence of polyester in the substrate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/28—Adhesive materials or arrangements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011020320A JP5109094B2 (ja) | 2011-02-02 | 2011-02-02 | 偏光子保護用易接着性ポリエステルフィルム |
JP2011-020320 | 2011-02-02 | ||
PCT/JP2012/052279 WO2012105607A1 (ja) | 2011-02-02 | 2012-02-01 | 偏光子保護用易接着性ポリエステルフィルム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103339538A CN103339538A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
CN103339538B true CN103339538B (zh) | 2015-06-10 |
Family
ID=46602814
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280007582.5A Active CN103339538B (zh) | 2011-02-02 | 2012-02-01 | 偏振片保护用易粘接性聚酯薄膜 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP5109094B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101577513B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103339538B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI465495B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012105607A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5994469B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-07 | 2016-09-21 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 偏光子保護用ポリエステルフィルム |
JP6024271B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-08 | 2016-11-16 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 偏光子保護用アクリル系フィルム、偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
JP6094865B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-10 | 2017-03-15 | Dic株式会社 | 易接着剤組成物、積層ポリエステル樹脂フィルム及び太陽電池バックシート |
JP5878158B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-05 | 2016-03-08 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | 積層ポリエステルフィルム |
KR20150145548A (ko) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-30 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 접착제 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 편광판 |
JP6261469B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-25 | 2018-01-17 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 積層フィルム、光学フィルム、偏光子保護フィルム、偏光板、画像表示装置及び積層フィルムの製造方法 |
EP3026469B1 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2023-01-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical element and method for producing optical element |
KR102225345B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-15 | 2021-03-09 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 광학 적층체 및 광학 적층체의 제조방법 |
CN111629901B (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2022-05-06 | 东洋纺株式会社 | 易粘接性聚酯薄膜 |
KR102052843B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-12-06 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | 편광자 보호용 폴리에스테르 필름과 그 제조방법 및 이를 구비하는 편광판 |
CN113518811B (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2024-01-02 | 东洋纺株式会社 | 易粘接性聚酯薄膜 |
CN113773546B (zh) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | 一种亲水性聚酯薄膜及其制备方法、以及显示装置 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101358114A (zh) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-04 | 日本合成化学工业株式会社 | 偏振片用胶粘剂、偏振片及其制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08271734A (ja) | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-18 | Fujimori Kogyo Kk | 前面側偏光板の前面側保護シート、および該前面側保護シートの偏光素膜側への貼着方法 |
JPH08271733A (ja) | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-18 | Fujimori Kogyo Kk | 前面側偏光板の前面側保護シート、その製造法、および該前面側保護シートの偏光素膜側への貼着方法 |
TWI295303B (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2008-04-01 | Toyo Boseki | Optical-use adhesive polyester film and optical-use laminatede film |
JP4624817B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-02 | 2011-02-02 | 帝人デュポンフィルム株式会社 | 反射性偏光フィルム |
TW200712579A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-04-01 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Protective film for polarizing plate and polarizing plate |
TWI440942B (zh) * | 2006-09-06 | 2014-06-11 | Fujifilm Corp | 液晶顯示裝置 |
JP2009157361A (ja) | 2007-12-06 | 2009-07-16 | Nitto Denko Corp | 偏光板及び画像表示装置 |
JP5187973B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-30 | 2013-04-24 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム用粘着剤組成物、光学フィルム用粘着剤層、粘着型光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 |
JP5451186B2 (ja) | 2009-06-01 | 2014-03-26 | 帝人デュポンフィルム株式会社 | 偏光子支持基材用一軸配向芳香族ポリエステルフィルム |
JP5451215B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-29 | 2014-03-26 | 帝人デュポンフィルム株式会社 | 偏光子支持基材用フィルム |
-
2011
- 2011-02-02 JP JP2011020320A patent/JP5109094B2/ja active Active
-
2012
- 2012-02-01 CN CN201280007582.5A patent/CN103339538B/zh active Active
- 2012-02-01 KR KR1020137022462A patent/KR101577513B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-02-01 WO PCT/JP2012/052279 patent/WO2012105607A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-02-01 TW TW101103262A patent/TWI465495B/zh active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101358114A (zh) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-04 | 日本合成化学工业株式会社 | 偏振片用胶粘剂、偏振片及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012105607A1 (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
TWI465495B (zh) | 2014-12-21 |
JP2012159753A (ja) | 2012-08-23 |
KR20140015346A (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
JP5109094B2 (ja) | 2012-12-26 |
KR101577513B1 (ko) | 2015-12-21 |
CN103339538A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
TW201233716A (en) | 2012-08-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103339538B (zh) | 偏振片保护用易粘接性聚酯薄膜 | |
CN103547961B (zh) | 液晶显示装置、偏光板和偏振片保护膜 | |
CN104520738A (zh) | 偏振片保护用聚酯薄膜、偏光板以及液晶显示装置 | |
CN101313043B (zh) | 光学膜用粘合剂组合物和粘合片以及使用其的光学构件 | |
CN102762379B (zh) | 叠层聚酯膜 | |
CN101977768B (zh) | 光学用层叠聚酯膜 | |
CN102395469B (zh) | 叠层聚酯膜 | |
CN102648094A (zh) | 易粘接性热塑性树脂膜 | |
TWI410470B (zh) | 接著劑組成物、其製造方法及使用接著劑組成物之積層體 | |
CN102171038A (zh) | 叠层聚酯膜 | |
CN102821954A (zh) | 叠层聚酯膜 | |
TWI793248B (zh) | 易接著性聚酯薄膜 | |
TW202031719A (zh) | 聚酯多元醇及由其製成之聚胺甲酸酯聚合物 | |
CN104144975A (zh) | 涂布膜 | |
JP5821458B2 (ja) | 積層ポリエステルフィルム | |
JP6024271B2 (ja) | 偏光子保護用アクリル系フィルム、偏光板および液晶表示装置 | |
TW202335855A (zh) | 積層聚酯膜 | |
TW202108720A (zh) | 易接著性聚酯薄膜 | |
JP2020104412A (ja) | 易接着性アクリルフィルム | |
JP2019166803A (ja) | 易接着性ポリカーボネートフィルム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |