CN103323352A - Natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experimental device and method - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experimental device, and a test method. The natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experimental device comprises an acoustic wave receiving device, an acoustic wave transmitting device, and a resistivity testing device. The natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experiment method comprises the steps that: step A, a hydrate sample is synthesized; step B, the synthesized hydrate sample is subjected to dynamic loading, and electric-acoustic-mechanical property tests are simultaneously carried out, until the sample is subjected to shearing damage. The invention provides a mechanical response characteristic research of indoor hydrate deposit under dynamic load. With the device and the method, mechanical, electrical, and acoustic parameter synchronous testing of hydrate deposit under dynamic load can be realized. With the test data, a relationship between mechanical parameters and wave velocity can be obtained by fitting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to experimental provision and the method for the moving three-axis force-electricity of a kind of gas hydrate sediment-acoustics synchronism detection, its major function is the mechanical response characteristic under research gas hydrate sediment and frozen soil stratum compressional wave and the outside dynamic load condition.
Background technology
Entered since 21 century, along with hydrocarbon resources can the amount of adopting minimizing and the increase of consumption, the exploration and development of unconventional energy resource such as gas hydrate has formally been put on agenda.Because the hydrate reservoir of actual occurring in nature all is in the environment of a dynamic action, such as earthquake, eustasy even artificial disturbance (drilling well and exploitation) etc.Thereby especially the hydrate formation mechanical property under the dynamic load effect is extremely important to breaking through gas hydrate drilling technique and safe working technology to contain the hydrate formation mechanical property,
Yet formed by hydrate and the harsh conditions of stable existence limit, and related experiment device and measuring technology being immature, causing the research of this respect considerably less, all is the simulation test that experimentizes under static load action basically.In domestic " Proceedings of Mechanics " 2 phases in 2009 " present Research of hydrate sediment mechanical property " and 5 phases of 2009 noons " experimental provision of hydrate sediment mechanical property and progress " domestic and international hydrate sediment mechanical property research device, experimental technique and present Research have been carried out concluding summary; State Intellectual Property Office has announced " the gas hydrate mechanical property experimental provision " of application number for " 201010222083.0 " in 2011 Mays at noon; Announce application number 2011 July at noon for " a kind of measure three experimental provisions that gas hydrate deposition object becomes " of " 201110002805.6 " and announced application number " containing gas hydrate sediment triaxial test device and test method thereof " into " 201110183207.3 " in November, 2011, disclosing application number again in September, 2012 recently is " the gas hydrate rock mechanics triaxial test device " of " 201010586401 ".Above-mentioned experimental provision and method all are used for the research of hydrate mechanical property under the static load effect, but shortcoming be can't simulating natural condition under hydrate sediment mechanical response characteristic research under the dynamic load effect, simultaneously only be confined to single hydrate sediment Mechanics Performance Testing, lack hydrate sediment mechanical property and other rerum natura are carried out the method that relevance is tested.And actual occurring in nature hydrate reservoir often is in the environment of a dynamic action, such as earthquake, eustasy even artificial disturbance (probing and exploitation) etc.In addition, because the hydrate sediment sample obtains difficulty, with high costs, therefore estimate that by the original position geophysical logging data original position formation mechanical property becomes one of option, therefore press for externally mechanical response characteristic and corresponding electricity and the research of acoustics characteristic spread under the dynamic load effect of hydrate formation, and set up the mathematics mapping relations of match between these characterisitic parameters, thereby closing Inversion Calculation local water compound saturation degree for logging evaluation hydrate formation mechanical property and sound-Electricity Federation from now on lays the foundation, and then to safety problem such as wellbore stability in the hydrate exploration exploitation, application such as stratum deformation evaluation provide support, even can select to provide useful information for the drill bit in the hydrate drilling process.
Summary of the invention
Accordingly, be dynamic this research contradiction at the too much and actual geology environmental background of static test in the existing hydrate Experiments of Machanics, one of the object of the invention just provides moving three-axis force of a kind of gas hydrate and sound wave, electrology characteristic synchronism detection experimental provision and method.In addition, thereby how accurately obtaining original position stratum hydrate saturation degree and rapid evaluation hydrated in-situ thing reservoir mechanical property in engineering practice, wellbore stability in the drilling process is carried out analysis and assessment also is a difficult problem that faces in the hydrate exploration exploitation, therefore another object of the present invention just provides mechanics parameter and velocity of wave incidence relation accurately, and then obtain hydrate saturation degree accurately by resistivity, by the funtcional relationship between hydrate and velocity of wave relation acquisition mechanics parameter and the hydrate saturation degree, lay the foundation thereby close Inversion Calculation local water compound saturation degree for logging evaluation hydrate formation mechanical property and sound-Electricity Federation from now on, and then drill bit in the hydrate exploration exploitation is selected and safety problem such as wellbore stability, application such as stratum deformation evaluation provide support.
In order to reach first purpose of the present invention, provide a kind of gas hydrate sediment to move the experimental provision of three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection, the experimental provision that described gas hydrate sediment moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection comprises: the triaxial cell, its triaxial cell comprises upper end cover, bottom end cover and cylindrical shell, cylindrical shell is provided with seaming chuck and the push-down head that is connected with hydraulic power unit by fluid pressure line in two ends up and down, wherein the fluid pressure line that is connected with seaming chuck is provided with the hydraulic valve that described synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load control, also be respectively equipped with the compressional wave receiving trap and the P wave emission device that sample are carried out the compressional wave test on seaming chuck and the push-down head, push-down head also is provided with the resistivity measurement device that sample is carried out resistivity measurement.
In order to reach second purpose of the present invention, provide a kind of gas hydrate sediment to move three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique, this method is related with hydrate formation mechanics, velocity of wave and resistivity, described experimental technique comprises earlier by above-mentioned dynamic mechanical test acquisition dynamic mechanics parameter, obtain value of wave speed by wave velocity testing, and then dynamic mechanics parameter and velocity of wave are set up mapping relations between the two by numerical analysis method.By the electrode measurement sample resistivity, according to revised Archie equation and in conjunction with salt solution state equation calculated hydration thing saturation degree, obtain the relation between hydrate saturation degree and the velocity of wave accordingly, by concerning the incidence relation that obtains between hydrate saturation degree and the mechanics parameter between velocity of wave and hydrate saturation degree and velocity of wave and mechanics parameter.
The moving three-axis force of described gas hydrate is learned performance and sound wave and resistivity synchronism detection experimental technique and be may further comprise the steps:
Steps A: synthesized hydrate sample;
Step B: described synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load, and carry out velocity of wave and resistivity measurement simultaneously, until sample shear failure.
Further, described step B comprises:
Step B1: described synthetic hydrate sample is placed in the triaxial cell;
Step B2: the flow of hydraulic oil and the vibration that direction realizes described seaming chuck in the control fluid pressure line, vibration realizing by seaming chuck is to the dynamic load of described synthesized hydrate sample, and the resistivity measurement device (electrode) that sample is carried out compressional wave characteristic test and push-down head by the compressional wave receiving trap on the upper and lower pressure head and P wave emission device carries out resistivity and surveys and show simultaneously.
Further, described step B2 specifically comprises:
Step B21: the waveform of in industrial computer, setting described seaming chuck vibration;
Step B22: described industrial computer is opened direction and aperture according to what selected Waveform Control was arranged on hydraulic valve on the fluid pressure line.
Further, the vibrational waveform of described seaming chuck is sine wave, triangular wave and square wave.
Further, described steps A comprises:
A. adorn sample: after placing triaxial pressure indoor on sediment skeleton sample (diameter 50mm, high 100mm) sealing is installed by the triaxial cell;
B. vacuumize: utilize vacuum pump that sediment skeleton sample is vacuumized;
C. sample is carried out confined pressure prestrain (pressure 10-15MPa is set);
D. sub-cooled circulation: open the sub-cooled circulating device, the triaxial cell is carried out the constant temperature cooling;
E. water filling is gentle: after treating that each temperature sensor reading reaches design temperature and no longer changes, pure water is injected in the hole of the indoor sediment skeleton of triaxial pressure sample through constant-flux pump and piston container; After water filling finished, the high-purity methane gas in the natural gas bottle was injected in the sediment skeleton sample hole through gas boosting pump and flowmeter, by the control injecting gas flow of the tensimeter on flowmeter and the supercharge pump and pressure;
F. hydrate sediment is synthetic: constant temperature leaves standstill 18-20h under 4 ℃ of conditions of temperature of setting, and when the reading of each pressure transducer was reduced to a certain value and no longer changes, hydrate generated and finishes in the expression sediment skeleton.
Further, described steps A further comprises:
A1. adorn sample: open triaxial cell's upper end cover, regulated the lifting of cylindrical shell by following vertical shaft by the control hydraulic power unit, be 50mm with diameter, highly place between triaxial pressure indoor seaming chuck and push-down head for the sediment skeleton sample of 100mm, sediment skeleton sample wraps up with rubber membrane, and rubber membrane and last push-down head end are tied up; After sediment skeleton sample installs sealing is installed by the triaxial cell;
B1. vacuumize: utilize vacuum pump that sediment skeleton sample is vacuumized;
C1. apply confined pressure: open hydraulic power unit, pressure 10 is set to 15MPa, sample is carried out confined pressure prestrain, rubber membrane still closely contacts with sample when injecting with assurance water or gas;
D1. sub-cooled circulation: open the sub-cooled circulating device, 4 ℃ of temperature are set, the triaxial cell is carried out the constant temperature cooling;
E1. water filling is gentle then: the reading for the treatment of first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, three-temperature sensor and the 4th temperature sensor is 4 ℃, and after no longer changing, pure water is injected in the hole of sediment skeleton sample in the triaxial cell through constant-flux pump and piston container; After water filling finished, the high-purity methane gas in the natural gas bottle was injected in the hole of sediment skeleton sample through gas boosting pump and flowmeter, and the amount of injecting gas is controlled by flowmeter, and gaseous tension is 8-10MPa;
F1. hydrate sediment is synthetic: after water filling is gentle, sediment skeleton sample under 4 ℃ of constant temperatures, leave standstill 18-20h (hour), when the reading of first pressure transducer and second pressure transducer is reduced to a certain value and no longer changes (dropping to stability number), hydrate generates and finishes in the expression sediment skeleton.
Described hydrate formation mechanics, velocity of wave and resistivity correlating method may further comprise the steps:
Steps A: distortion and the payload values of specimen (hydrate sample) in the moving three experimental provisions vibration of gas hydrate loading procedure, calculate dynamic modulus E
dWith dynamic Poisson ratio μ
dDeng mechanics parameter;
Step B: by sound wave reception and emitter sample is carried out velocity of wave and amplitude measurement, with the dynamic modulus E of dynamic mechanical test acquisition
d, dynamic Poisson ratio μ
dBe depicted on the coordinate axis with Y-axis and X-axis parameter respectively with the velocity of wave that obtains by synchronous sonic test, set up mapping relations between mechanics parameter and the acoustic velocity by NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR, as E
dWith V
p, V
sRelation and μ
dWith V
p, V
sRelation.
Step C: synchro measure sample resistivity value and pore water salinity, then by hydrate saturation degree in the Archie equation calculation sample, and its result done contrast with the hydrate saturation degree of estimating by sample water compound decomposition method, thereby revise the constant value in the Archie equation;
Steps d: in subsequent experimental with hydrate saturation degree in the revised Archie equation calculation sample, hydrate saturation degree and velocity of wave are associated, and then relation is set up funtcional relationship between hydrate saturation degree and the sample forces mathematic(al) parameter between the mechanics parameter by step B gained and velocity of wave.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention has realized the dynamic load to gas hydrate, hydrate sediment mechanical response characteristic research under the dynamic load effect under can simulating natural condition, simulate for example earthquake, eustasy even artificial disturbance (drilling well and exploitation), the more experimental data of science can be provided, in view of still none overlaps experimental provision and the experimental technique of hydrate sediment mechanical response characteristic under the outside dynamic load condition of synthetic study at present, the present invention can remedy the deficiency of this respect well;
(2) the present invention learns performance and sound wave and electrology characteristic with the moving three-axis force of hydrate sediment and integrates synchronously, handle the incidence relation that to set up between hydrate sediment velocity of wave, the dynamic mechanics parameter by late time data, for acoustic logging data evaluation stratum mechanical characteristic and borehole wall stability evaluation thereof in the hydrate formation drilling process provide theoretical foundation.
(3) can obtain the hydrate intensity value fast by resistivity measurement and calculating, avoided hydrate saturation degree estimation loaded down with trivial details in the conventional hydrate simulated experiment to measure, be bridge with the velocity of wave simultaneously, also can set up funtcional relationship between hydrate mechanics parameter and the hydrate saturation degree according to the hydrate intensity value that resistivity measurement obtains, estimate formation mechanical property and then be used for bit type selection thereby can be used for from now on obtaining the hydrate intensity value by resistivity logging accurately, sound-Electricity Federation is closed inverting and is determined stratum hydrate saturation degree and the wellbore stability relevant with hydrate, the modeling effort that stratum deformation and submarine slide etc. are relevant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that gas hydrate sediment involved in the present invention moves the experimental provision of three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
The 1-hydraulic power unit, the 2-hydraulic valve, 3-low temperature cooling back installation, the 4-bottom end cover, the 5-cylindrical shell, the 6-sample, the 7-upper end cover, the 8-seaming chuck, 9-pressure and displacement transducer, 10-sound wave receiving trap, 11-first pressure transducer, 12-first temperature sensor, the 13-acoustic emission apparatus, 14-second pressure transducer, the 15-valve, 16-second temperature sensor, the 17-vacuum pump, the 18-industrial computer, 19-the 3rd pressure transducer, the 20-push-down head, the 21-three-temperature sensor, 22-the 4th temperature sensor, 23-piston container, the 24-constant-flux pump, the 25-tank, 26-gas boosting pump, the 27-natural gas bottle, the 28-flowmeter, vertical shaft under the 29-, the 30-base, 31-electrode (resistivity measurement device), the 32-salinometer
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the experimental provision (that is: the experimental provision of gas hydrate sediment electricity-acoustics-mechanical property three's synchronism detection) that the gas hydrate sediment moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection comprising: the triaxial cell, described triaxial cell is arranged on the base 30, the triaxial cell comprises upper end cover 7, bottom end cover 4 and cylindrical shell 5, be provided with seaming chuck 8 and push-down head 20 that sample 6 is loaded in the cylindrical shell 5, sample 6 is placed between seaming chuck 8 and the push-down head 20, push-down head 20 is fixed on down on the vertical shaft 29, described seaming chuck 8 is connected with hydraulic power unit 1 by fluid pressure line, and described fluid pressure line is provided with the hydraulic valve 2 that described synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load control.
Seaming chuck 8 links to each other with pressure chamber's upper end cover 7 and passes upper end cover 7 by piston seal and extend in the cylindrical shell 5, and pressure and displacement transducer 9 are equipped with in seaming chuck 8 upper ends; The lower end of seaming chuck 8 is provided with first temperature sensor 12, first pressure transducer 11; Second temperature sensor 16, second pressure transducer 14 are equipped with in the upper end of push-down head 20.Wherein first pressure transducer 11, second pressure transducer 14 are used for the pore pressure at test sample two ends about in the of 6, precision ± 1%; First temperature sensor 12, second temperature sensor 16 are used for measuring the sample temperature at two ends up and down, precision ± 0.5 ℃.The 3rd pressure transducer 19, three-temperature sensor 21 and the 4th temperature sensor 22 are housed on the bottom end cover 4, are used for measuring the pressure and temperature outside cylindrical shell 5 samples.
Hydraulic power unit 1 provides hydraulic power by fluid pressure line to seaming chuck 8.Hydraulic power unit can provide maximum dynamic load 200kN, maximum static load 250kN; Axial load stroke ± 75mm; Axially load static strain adjustable-speed scope 0.01mm/min-5mm/min, static stress adjustable-speed scope 0.1MPa/min-3MPa/min.
Gas hydrate sediment electricity-acoustics of the present invention-mechanical property three's synchronism detection experimental provision (the gas hydrate sediment moves the experimental provision of three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection) is with the key distinction of prior art: the one, and the seaming chuck 8 among the present invention can vibrate, realization is to the dynamic load of sample 6, simulated earthquake, eustasy even artificial disturbance (drilling well and exploitation).For this reason, the present invention is provided with hydraulic valve 2, by hydraulic valve 2 open direction and aperture, flow and the direction of the hydraulic oil in the control fluid pressure line, thus realize the vibration of seaming chuck 8.The 2nd, sound wave receiving trap 10 and acoustic emission apparatus 13 and resistivity measurement device 31 (electrode) are housed respectively on the indoor seaming chuck 8 of triaxial pressure and push-down head 20 among the present invention, can realize the moving three-axis force performance of hydrate sediment and the synchronism detection of sound wave and electrology characteristic.As for other structures of triaxial cell, except description of the invention, can be same as the prior art or with reference to prior art.
The water injecting mechanism of this experimental provision is made up of piston container 23 and constant-flux pump 24, and gas injection mechanism is made of natural gas bottle 27, gas boosting pump 26 and flowmeter 28.When needs during at the indoor synthesized hydrate sediment of triaxial pressure sample, by vacuum pump 17 (action of by-pass valve control 15) sample is vacuumized earlier, inject water/gas by water/gas injecting mechanism in sample then, institute's gas injection scale of construction is by gas meter 28 controls.
The temperature/pressure control gear of this experimental provision is made of low temperature cooling back installation 3 and hydraulic power unit 1, by the silicone oil in the low temperature cooling back installation 3 circulation the triaxial cell is carried out temperature control in the experiment, controllable temperature scope-50 ℃～room temperature; Triaxial cell's confined pressure realizes by hydraulic power unit 1, confined pressure controlled range 0～35MPa.
Further, described day natural gas hydrate sediment electricity-acoustics-mechanical property three's synchronism detection experimental provision comprises: industrial computer 18, industrial computer 18 are controlled the vibration of described seaming chuck 8 by the action of controlling described hydraulic valve 2.The industrial computer 18 of this experimental provision is a data acquisition system, mainly comprise computer, by linking to each other with the 4th temperature sensor 22 with displacement transducer 9, first pressure transducer 11, first temperature sensor 12, second pressure transducer 14, second temperature sensor 16, the 3rd pressure transducer 19, three-temperature sensor 21 with pressure, realize sample 6 two ends temperature, pressure in the experimentation, seaming chuck 8 axle pressures and displacement, the confined pressure temperature and pressure, the monitoring of experimental situation temperature.
The present invention also provides the experimental technique of a kind of gas hydrate sediment electricity-acoustics-mechanical property three's synchronism detection, and namely the gas hydrate sediment moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique, and this method may further comprise the steps:
Steps A: synthesized hydrate sample;
Step B: described synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load, parameters such as test dynamic modulus, dynamic Poisson ratio, and carry out velocity of wave and resistivity measurement simultaneously, until sample shear failure.The present invention is different from existing static the loading to the loading of sample, and loading force of the present invention changes over time, but and the hydrate reservoir environment under simulated earthquake, eustasy even the artificial disturbance (drilling well and exploitation).
Step C: mechanics parameter and velocity of wave to test are set up mapping relations by approximating method, the resistivity value of test calculated obtain the hydrate intensity value, the hydrate intensity value is associated with corresponding velocity of wave and mechanics parameter set up corresponding funtcional relationship.
Further, described step B comprises:
Step B1: described synthetic hydrate sample is placed in the triaxial cell;
Step B2: control the flow of the hydraulic oil in the fluid pressure line and the vibration that direction realizes described seaming chuck then, the vibration realizing by seaming chuck is to the dynamic load of described synthetic hydrate sample.Realize that by hydraulic way the vibration of hydraulic loading device, control accuracy height, vibration are easy to realize, and mode of vibration is also near the actual conditions of earthquake, eustasy even artificial disturbance (drilling well and exploitation).Dynamic mechanics parameter such as the dynamic modulus E of specimen in the vibration loading procedure
d, dynamic Poisson ratio μ
dEtc. parameter, by the sound wave receiving trap on the upper and lower pressure head and acoustic emission apparatus sample is carried out velocity of wave and resistivity measurement simultaneously.
Further, described step B2 specifically comprises:
Step B21: the waveform of in industrial computer 18, setting described seaming chuck vibration;
Step B22: described industrial computer is opened direction and aperture according to what selected Waveform Control was arranged on hydraulic valve on the fluid pressure line.Like this, can simulate various physical environments or man-made recovery's situation.
Further, the vibrational waveform of described seaming chuck is sine wave, triangular wave and square wave.Further, described steps A comprises:
A. adorn sample: after placing factor of porosity (φ) and the certain sediment skeleton sample 6 (diameter 50mm, high 100mm) of particle diameter (d) in the triaxial cell (for example cylindrical shell 5) sealing is installed by the triaxial cell;
B. vacuumize: utilize vacuum pump that sediment skeleton sample 6 is vacuumized;
C. sample 6 is carried out confined pressure prestrain (pressure 10-15MPa is set);
D. sub-cooled circulation: open the sub-cooled circulating device, the triaxial cell is carried out the constant temperature cooling;
E. water filling is gentle: treat that each temperature sensor reading reaches design temperature, and after no longer changing, pure water is injected in the hole of the indoor sediment skeleton of triaxial pressure sample through constant-flux pump and piston container; After water filling finished, the high-purity methane gas in the natural gas bottle was injected in the sediment skeleton sample hole through gas boosting pump and flowmeter, by the control injecting gas flow of the tensimeter on flowmeter and the supercharge pump and pressure;
F. it is synthetic to carry out hydrate sediment then: constant temperature leaves standstill 18-20h under 4 ℃ of conditions of temperature of setting, and when the reading of each pressure transducer was reduced to a certain value and no longer changes, hydrate generated and finishes in the expression sediment skeleton.
Further, described steps A further comprises:
A1. adorn sample: open triaxial cell's upper end cover 7, regulated the lifting of cylindrical shells 5 by following vertical shaft 29 by control hydraulic power unit 1, be 50mm with diameter, highly place 20 of triaxial pressure indoor seaming chuck 8 and push-down heads for the sediment skeleton sample 6 of 100mm, sediment skeleton sample 6 usefulness rubber membranes wrap up, and rubber membrane and last push-down head end are tied up; After sediment skeleton sample 6 installs sealing is installed by the triaxial cell;
B1. vacuumize: utilize 17 pairs of sediment skeletons of vacuum pump sample 6 to vacuumize;
C1. apply confined pressure: open hydraulic power unit 1, pressure 10-15MPa is set, sample 6 is carried out confined pressure prestrain, rubber membrane still closely contacts with sample when injecting with assurance water or gas;
D1. sub-cooled circulation: open sub-cooled circulating device 3,4 ℃ of temperature are set, the triaxial cell is carried out the constant temperature cooling;
E1. water filling is gentle: the reading for the treatment of first temperature sensor 12, second temperature sensor 16, three-temperature sensor 21 and the 4th temperature sensor 22 is 4 ℃, and after no longer changing, pure water is injected in the hole of sediment skeleton sample 6 in the triaxial cell through constant-flux pump 24 (connecting tank 25) and piston container 23, wherein, first temperature sensor 12, second temperature sensor 16 are used for measuring the temperature at sample two ends about in the of 6; After water filling finished, the high-purity methane gas in the natural gas bottle 27 was injected in the hole of sediment skeleton sample 6 through gas boosting pump 26 and flowmeter 28, and the amount of injecting gas is by flowmeter 28 controls, and gaseous tension is 8-10MPa;
F1. hydrate sediment is synthetic: after water filling is gentle, sediment skeleton sample 6 leaves standstill 18-20h under 4 ℃ of constant temperatures, when the reading of first pressure transducer 11 and second pressure transducer 14 was reduced to a certain scope and no longer changes, hydrate generated and finishes in the expression sediment skeleton.
Further, described step C comprises:
A. the dynamic modulus E that dynamic mechanical test is obtained
d, dynamic Poisson ratio μ
dDeng mechanics parameter and the velocity of wave V that obtains by synchronous sonic test
pAnd V
sSet up mapping relations between mechanics parameter and the acoustic velocity by NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR, as obtain E
dWith V
p, V
sRelation and μ
dWith V
p, V
sRelation, namely
In the formula, v
ρ, v
sBe compressional wave and transverse wave speed, unit is km/s; ρ is sediment density, and unit is g/cm
3E
dBe kinetic Youngs modulus, unit is MPa; μ
dBe dynamic Poisson ratio; A, b, c, d, e are the coefficient that experimental result simulates.
1, a, b, c, d, e is the coefficient that experimental result simulates, and is to utilize the multiple regression analysis method to determine coefficient a, b, c, d, e.
2, the present invention has adopted
Existing formula is all for the conventional gas and oil stratum, and be not suitable for unconventional hydrate formation, one of purpose of the present invention is exactly to set up this relational expression that is applicable to hydrate formation, just, the present invention is on the basis of the formula that is used for the conventional gas and oil stratum, by experiment demonstration or definite
And utilize the multiple regression analysis method to determine coefficient a, b, c, d, e; This formula can be applied to actual acoustic logging then estimates in hydrate formation borehole wall stability or the stratum deformation research, namely according to the hydrate formation acoustic logging data v ρ of reality, vs calculates original position stratum forces associated mathematic(al) parameter with formula (1), further estimates the borehole wall or formation stability by mechanics analysis model again according to the mechanics parameter that calculates.
3, the present invention is by concerning the incidence relation that obtains between hydrate saturation degree and the dynamic mechanics parameter between velocity of wave and hydrate saturation degree and velocity of wave and mechanics parameter, therefore the purpose that the present invention does like this: the mechanical property of hydrate formation and hydrate content are that saturation degree has substantial connection, seek funtcional relationship between hydrate saturation degree and the formation mechanical property and be always the key issue that need solve at the numerical simulation analysis hydrate formation borehole wall or formation stability.Can obtain the relation of mechanical property and hydrate saturation degree comparatively accurately by actual hydrate sample test, but actual hydrate sample sampling difficulty is with high costs, and can't accomplishes 100% fidelity.Mechanical property under the dynamic environment has more value to actual hydrate research in addition, therefore by logging method set up relation between hydrate saturation degree and the mechanical property can be more simple and easy fast and cost relatively low, and present resistivity and nuclear magnetic resonance log can obtain hydrate saturation degree very accurately, if therefore set up hydrate saturation degree and mechanics parameter relation accurately, just this relational expression can be used for actual resistivity, sound wave, formation mechanical property is estimated in nuclear magnetic resonance log or numerical simulation analysis is estimated in the hydrate formation borehole wall or the formation stability, thereby provides theory support and technological guidance for the safe exploration and development of hydrate.
B. synchro measure sample resistivity value and pore water salinity, then by hydrate saturation degree in the Archie equation calculation sample:
In the formula, R
tBe the resistivity (Ω m) of sample, R
wBe pore water resistivity (Ω m), Φ is rock porosity (%), S
hBe to contain hydrate saturation degree (%), a, m, n are empirical parameters.Wherein, the value of a and m can be passed through R
0/ R
wObtain (R with the X plot of Φ
0Be the resistivity of stratum when only moisture), a generally gets 0.9～1; M is decided by reservoir lithology, and to 2.1661 (sandstone), the common value of n is 1.9386 to span from 1.715 (not consolidating stratums).By salinometer 32 (for example, connection traffic meter 28) measurement result, be that sea water state equation calculates pore water resistivity R according to the Fofonoff method then
w
C. subsequently sample is decomposed, determine hydrate content in the sample by drainage, and its result is done contrast with the hydrate saturation degree of estimating by Archie equation, repeated experiments 3 times, thereby empirical parameter a, m, n value in the correction Archie equation;
D. in subsequent experimental with hydrate saturation degree in the revised Archie equation calculation sample, hydrate saturation degree and velocity of wave are associated;
E. keep other experiment condition constant, the mechanical property of specimen under static condition is set up the transformational relation between the sound mechanics parameter;
F. can set up funtcional relationship between hydrate saturation degree and the sample forces mathematic(al) parameter according to step a, steps d and step e.Change the factor of porosity (φ) of sample, repeat above-mentioned experimentation, set up the funtcional relationship between hydrate saturation degree and velocity of wave and the factor of porosity, in conjunction with Archie equation, can be used for actual acoustic-electricity well logging joint inversion calculated hydration thing saturation degree.
The present invention both can utilize pressure chamber's synthesized hydrate sediment sample to carry out mechanics-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection association, also can utilize existing ocean to carry out related calculating with frozen soil hydrate formation sound wave with resistivity logging data and core data, utilize this moment pore water salinity that core analysis obtains in conjunction with resistivity logging data and Archie equation calculated hydration thing saturation degree, then the hydrate saturation degree of the velocity of wave data of correspondence position and aforementioned calculating is set up relatedly by NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR, set up funtcional relationship between its hydrate saturation degree and the formation force mathematic(al) parameter according to the mechanics parameter of foundation and the mapping relations between velocity of wave again.
The invention provides the mechanical response characteristic research under the indoor hydrate sediment dynamic loads effect in early stage, can realize mechanical property and sound wave and electrology characteristic synchronism detection and interrelated research thereof under the effect of hydrate sediment dynamic load, closing Inversion Calculation local water compound saturation degree for logging evaluation hydrate formation mechanical property and sound-Electricity Federation from now on lays the foundation, and then safety problem such as application such as wellbore stability, stratum deformation evaluation in the hydrate exploration exploitation are provided support, even can provide useful information for the selection of the drill bit in the hydrate drilling process.
The above only is the schematic embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.For each ingredient of the present invention can make up under the condition of not conflicting mutually.
Claims (8)
1. the experimental provision of the moving three-axis force-electricity of a gas hydrate sediment-acoustics synchronism detection, it is characterized in that comprising: the triaxial cell, described triaxial cell comprises upper end cover, bottom end cover and cylindrical shell, cylindrical shell is provided with seaming chuck and the push-down head that is connected with hydraulic power unit by fluid pressure line in two ends up and down, wherein the fluid pressure line that is connected with seaming chuck is provided with the hydraulic valve that synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load control, also be provided with the sound wave receiving trap and the acoustic emission apparatus that described sample are carried out ripple test in length and breadth on seaming chuck and the push-down head respectively, push-down head also is provided with the resistivity measurement device that described sample is carried out resistivity measurement.
2. a gas hydrate sediment moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique, it is characterized in that, described experimental technique adopts the described experimental provision of claim 1, and described gas hydrate sediment moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique and may further comprise the steps:
Steps A: synthesized hydrate sample;
Step B: described synthetic hydrate sample is carried out dynamic load, and carry out the test of sound wave and electrology characteristic simultaneously, until sample shear failure.
3. gas hydrate sediment as claimed in claim 2 moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique, it is characterized in that described step B comprises:
Step B1: described synthetic hydrate sample is placed in the triaxial cell;
Step B2: the flow of hydraulic oil and the vibration that direction realizes described seaming chuck in the control fluid pressure line, vibration realizing by seaming chuck is carried out sound wave and electrology characteristic test by the sound wave receiving trap on seaming chuck and the push-down head and the resistivity measurement device on acoustic emission apparatus and the push-down head to sample simultaneously to the dynamic load of described synthesized hydrate sample.
4. gas hydrate sediment as claimed in claim 3 moves three-axis force-electricity-acoustics synchronism detection experimental technique, it is characterized in that described step B2 specifically comprises:
Step B21: described experimental provision also comprises industrial computer, sets the waveform of described seaming chuck vibration in industrial computer;
Step B22: described industrial computer is opened direction and aperture according to what selected Waveform Control was arranged on hydraulic valve on the fluid pressure line, with this simulated earthquake, eustasy and artificial disturbance.
5. as each described experimental technique in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that described step B is specially:
Described synthetic hydrate sample is being carried out testing in the dynamic load process dynamic mechanics parameter: elastic modulus E
dWith dynamic Poisson ratio μ
d, by sound wave receiving trap and acoustic emission apparatus the hydrate sample is carried out longitudinal wave velocity V
pWith transverse wave speed V
sMeasure, with the dynamic modulus E that obtains
dWith dynamic Poisson ratio μ
d, and the V that obtains by synchronous resistivity and sonic test
pAnd V
sUtilize the match homing method to set up mapping relations between above-mentioned mechanics parameter and the velocity of wave respectively, obtain E
dWith V
p, V
sRelation and μ
dWith V
p, V
sRelation.
6. experimental technique as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the resistivity R that resistivity measurement obtains is used for calculated hydration thing saturation degree S
h, with the hydrate saturation degree of calculating and the longitudinal wave velocity V of acoustic measurement acquisition
pWith transverse wave speed V
sAssociate respectively, obtain the mapping relations between velocity of wave and the hydrate saturation degree.
7. experimental technique as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, by the mechanics parameter of acquisition and the mapping relations between the mapping relations between the velocity of wave and velocity of wave and the hydrate saturation degree, sets up the funtcional relationship between mechanics parameter and the hydrate saturation degree.
8. experimental technique as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that,
In the formula, v
ρ, v
sBe compressional wave and transverse wave speed; ρ is sediment density; A, b, c, d, e are the coefficient that experimental result simulates.
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