CN105589111A - Device and method for measuring seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation of hydrate-containing sedimentary media - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation of hydrate-containing sedimentary media Download PDFInfo
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- CN105589111A CN105589111A CN201610071504.1A CN201610071504A CN105589111A CN 105589111 A CN105589111 A CN 105589111A CN 201610071504 A CN201610071504 A CN 201610071504A CN 105589111 A CN105589111 A CN 105589111A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring a seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation of hydrate-containing sedimentary media. The device comprises a reaction vessel. The reaction vessel comprises a base. An outer cylinder and an inner cylinder are arranged on the base. A top cover is arranged above the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The reaction vessel is arranged in a constant temperature box. Magnets are arranged at the outer side of the top cover. The magnets are wound by coils. The reaction vessel is further connected with a gas bottle. A rubber film is arranged at the outer side of the outer cylinder. A confining pressure is set at the outer side of the rubber film. A sample is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A data collection device is arranged on the sample. The invention further discloses a method for measuring the seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation of hydrate-containing sedimentary media. The device and the method can be used to measuring dynamic properties of hydrate samples.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventional development of oil and gas reservoir technical field, be specifically related to a kind of measurementContaining the device of hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuation, the invention still further relates to a kind of surveyAmount is containing the method for hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuation.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are a kind of energy resources that have potentiality, in ocean all over the world and foreverIn frozen soil, have extensive distribution, China has also found water in seabed, the South Sea and tundra, the Qilian mountainsCompound.
Seismic technology is the important means of hydrate geophysical exploration and resource assessment. Although seeminglySub-bottom reflection face (BottomSimulatingReflector, BSR) is the important identification mark of hydrateWill, but not have and must be related to because whether hydrate and BSR exist, at identification natural gasWhen hydrate, also must come comprehensively to analyze together by AVO technology etc. AVO technology is profitWith the wave property in length and breadth on stratum and the seismic reflection amplitude of formation thus and the variation of offset distanceRelation judges the seismic exploration technique of formation physical property and lithology, carries out the technology of hydrate identificationThinking is: first design different hydrate taxes and deposit the geological model of situation, root on this basisAccording to the different elastic parameter in reflecting layer (as velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, Poisson's ratio)Model, is just drilling the AVO response characteristic of calculating single reflecting layer, then rings with actual AVOShould contrast, inquire into the BSR origin cause of formation, and analyze free gas thickness, hydrate thickness andSaturation degree. Therefore, AVO technology is a kind of analytical technology based on theoretical model, but institute adoptsTheoretical model whether correct, whether model parameter suitable, also needs hydrate sedimentary depositSeimic wave velocity and saturation parameters carry out more deep research.
At present, various seismic survey of high-resolution technology are applied to obtaining the velocity of wave in length and breadth of reservoirThe parameters such as degree, meanwhile, scholars have set up between multiple hydrate concentration and elastic wave velocityRelational model, to whether predicting exactly according to the seimic wave velocity obtained in sedimentary depositContain hydrate, or estimate the saturation degree of hydrate in deposit, thus the stock number to reservoirAssess. But, in application process, to find, different theoretical models obtain in arealThe result going out has very large difference, owing to lacking hydrate concentration and the SVEL of actual measurementBetween relation data, be difficult to check the applicability of these theoretical models.
It is economic, practical that the seismic wave parameter containing hydrate sedimentary deposit under single model is obtained in experimentFeasible way again. Combined measurement is excellent containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuationPut and be, test signal is noiseless to sample, realize nondestructive measurement, and test parameter is comprehensive, canUnder earthquake low frequency condition, measure and obtain p-and s-wave velocity, frequency in the wild, and decline by electromagnetic waveCut signal obtains water content and hydrate concentration.
Forefathers study the relation between saturation degree and the p-and s-wave velocity of having set up hydrate, andObtain corresponding theoretical model and model parameter, but because experiment adopts higher frequency, obtainedThe wave property in length and breadth of getting is compared with the seismic prospecting of field or have certain difference. Application number is2012101604156 have announced the " acoustic response characteristics that seabed gas migration and hydrate formAnalogue experiment installation ", application number is 2010102221015 to have announced " hydrate acoustical characteristicTesting arrangement ", but in testing arrangement and method, have the following disadvantages: utilize high-frequency acousticMeasuring technology, the frequency that method of testing is used is too high, does not exist not with field seismic frequencyJoining property, test result cannot be directly used in field studies; Do not consider intrinsic being total to of sample itselfVibration frequency; Fail to consider that acoustic sensor and TDR (time domain reflection technology) probe is empty in testBetween compound, cause the tested object (space test specification) of acoustic sensor and TDR not completeComplete consistent.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of measurement containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electricityThe device of magnetic decay, this measuring technology not only can be close to seismic frequency (20Hz～200Hz)Lower test is containing the p-and s-wave velocity of hydrate sediment sample, and can be simultaneously to sample entiretyWave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic wave attenuation are measured, and have ensured the uniformity of sample object range. This, adopt this technology to test the sample that completes acoustic model outward, will obtain seismic velocityEliminate with acoustic velocity difference, the hydrate parameters,acoustic that laboratory is obtained carries out practical applicationThere is important function.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquakeWith the method for electromagnetic attenuation, these cover United Technologies have mainly proposed based on many containing gas hydratesMeasuring method, data analysis processing method and the saturation computation model of hole medium seismologic parameterMethod for building up, electromagnetic wave attenuation measuring method based on time domain reflection technology, measuring-signal pointAnalyse processing method and saturation computation Model Calculating Method, finally provided based on seismic wave andHydrate concentration model (earthquake-electromagnetic property that electromagnetic wave combined measurement signal data mergesFusion Model) and set up and methods for using them.
The first technical scheme of the present invention is that a kind of measurement contains hydrate deposition medium groundThe device of seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation, comprises reactor, and reactor comprises base, on base, establishesBe equipped with urceolus and inner core, urceolus and inner core top are provided with top cover, and reactor is arranged at insulating boxIn, the arranged outside of top cover has magnet, is wound with coil on magnet, on reactor, is also connected withGas cylinder, the arranged outside of urceolus has rubber film, and rubber film arranged outside has confined pressure, urceolusAnd between inner core, be provided with sample, on sample, be provided with data acquisition unit.
Further, data acquisition unit comprises PC, and PC is connected with control by wireDevice, is connected with resonance device, TDR probe, temperature sensor by wire respectively on controllerAnd pressure sensor; Resonance device, TDR probe, temperature sensor and pressure sensor are all establishedBe placed on sample.
Further, gas cylinder is connected with sample.
The second technical scheme of the present invention is that a kind of measurement contains hydrate deposition medium groundThe method of seismic wave speed and electromagnetic attenuation, comprises the following steps:
1) open reactor top cover, sample is inserted to the ring between inner core and the urceolus of reactorIn shape space;
2) slowly inject from reactor top and generate the required water of hydrate until porous media waterBy saturated, then top cover is covered to reactor, fix and seal; From slowly note of reactor bottomEnter methane gas, until arrive the pressure setting; Reactor is left standstill at least 24 hours,Methane gas is fully dissolved in the water, and observes whether occur leakage;
3) hydrate formation: reactor is placed in to insulating box, turn-on data collection dressPut, carry out data acquisition and demonstration, setting calorstat temperature is design temperature, starts to lower the temperatureCarry out data preservation simultaneously; By observing temperature and pressure curve, judge hydrate formationWhether finish, stop data if finish and preserve;
4) decomposition of hydrate process: with uniform temperature, for interval progressively raise insulating box setTemperature, after Temperature Setting each time, waits for after reactor temperature and pressure stability, opensOpen data and preserve, after all data have been preserved, stop data and preserve, insulating box is establishedThe fixed temperature above temperature interval that raises, waits for after reactor temperature and pressure stability, opens numberAccording to preservation, after all data have been preserved, stop data and preserve; Repeat above process straightTill decomposing completely to hydrate.
Further, sample is porous dielectric substance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) by designing novel reactor and seismic wave, electromagnetic wave measurement module being enteredRow design, realizes duplex measurement mode, thereby can obtain many for same measured medium stateRelevant and the consensus information of class, obtain contain much information, confidence level is high, Test coverage face is moreExtensively, reliability is more superior.
(2) by measurement data is carried out different levels fusion, adopt different fusion systemSystem structure and blending algorithm, thus build different data fusion model, based on this canMore in depth excavate the information lying in seismic wave and electromagnetic wave signal, for setting up hydrateDynamic law and the porous of saturation degree interpretation model and exploration hydrate generation/decomposable processIn medium, the spatial distribution state variation rule of each phase material provides information and model basis.
(3) seismic wave parameter based on containing gas hydrates porous media obtains natural gasHydrate concentration information with obtain gas hydrates saturation degree letter based on electromagnetic wave attenuationThe combined detection of breath. Can under earthquake low frequency condition, (20-200Hz) measure each elastic wave simultaneouslyParameter (comprising p-and s-wave velocity and decay), and measure with TDR full that electromagnetic wave attenuation obtainsWith degree information consolidation, the answering of real-time detection hydrate reservoir seismic wave parameter and hydrate concentrationAssorted dynamic relationship.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention measures the dress containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuationThe structural representation of putting;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of data acquisition unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is TDR waveform schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1. reactor, 2. base, 3. insulating box, 4. urceolus, 5. inner core, 6. top cover, 7.Magnet, 8. coil, 9. gas cylinder, 10. rubber film, 11. confined pressures, 12. samples, 13. data acquisitionsAcquisition means, 14.PC machine, 15. controllers, 16. resonance devices, 17.TDR probe, 18. temperatureSensor, 19. pressure sensors.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of measurement containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuationDevice, as shown in Figure 1, comprises reactor 1, and reactor 1 comprises base 2, on base 2Be provided with urceolus 4 and inner core 5, urceolus 4 and inner core 5 tops are provided with top cover 6, reactor1 is arranged in insulating box 3, and the arranged outside of top cover 6 has magnet 7, on magnet 7, is wound withCoil 8, is also connected with gas cylinder 9 on reactor 1, the arranged outside of urceolus 4 has rubber film10, rubber film 10 arranged outside have confined pressure 11, between urceolus 4 and inner core 5, are provided with sampleProduct 12, are provided with data acquisition unit 13 on sample 12. Gas cylinder 9 is connected with sample 12.
As shown in Figure 2, data acquisition unit 13 comprises PC 14, and PC 14 passes through wireBe connected with controller 15, on controller 15, be connected with resonance device 16 (its by wire respectivelyEffect is the parameters such as the resonance characteristics of measuring sample (as frequency etc.) and damping), TDR (time domainReflection technology) probe 17, temperature sensor 18 and pressure sensor 19; Resonance device 16,TDR probe 17, temperature sensor 18 and pressure sensor 19 are all arranged on sample 12.
For above invented system, a kind of seismic wave, electromagnetic wave joint test side are proposedMethod, comprising two parts, i.e. experiment and measurement data acquisition methods, measuring-signal analysis placeReason method. The final purpose of test is to obtain the kind of different pressures, temperature, gas/liquidAnd hydration in amount (comprising gas-liquid relative quantity), different porous media (granularity, porosity etc.)Thing generates variation and the Changing Pattern of hydrate concentration in decomposable process. Below for bar shapeSeismic wave, electromagnetic wave joint test side containing the invention of hydrate porous media place of matchmakers in spaceMethod, situation when the method is equally applicable to inner core taking-up through suitably adjusting.
Sample size is high 140mm, diameter 68mm. Adopt temperature control box (or cold with chuckBut combine) control the temperature of reactor, sample interior pore pressure is by the methane air pressure injectingPower decision, sample is wrapped up by rubber film, applies one by hydraulic oil or nitrogen pressure to sampleFixed confined pressure. Carry out generation and the decomposition experiment of hydrate by control temperature, pressure condition.Reactor temperature can be measured by thermal resistance probe, and pressure can be by the pressure being linked on kettleForce sensor measuring.
In experimentation, adopt the elastic parameter (velocity of wave in length and breadth of Resonant Column commercial measurement sampleDegree and decay): by apply a sine voltage to coil, produce magnetic field and magnet mutualEffect, waves driving force thereby apply a rotary driving force and one to sample main body, makes sampleProduct generation freely-movable, by the rotation of computer system record and oscillating motion attenuation process, obtainsThe damping of earthquake wave propagation velocity and material.
Adopt time domain reflection technology to record the electromagnetic attenuation waveform of hydrate formation, pass through rippleThe propagation time t of conformal analysis electromagnetic wave in sample, obtains DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS, thereby calculates sampleThe water content of product and hydrate concentration; Subsequently, continue to obtain electromagnetic wave by waveform analysis defeatedEnter voltage VTWith reflected voltage VR, can obtain the electrical conductivity parameter σ of sample by following formula:
σ＝ε1/2/(120π)·ln(VT/VR)。
As shown in Figure 3, electromagnetic wave is in speed V and probe length l and the propagation of PropagationThe pass of time t is:
V＝l/t(1)
Electromagnetic wave in the pass of Propagation speed and medium dielectric constant is:
V＝c/ε1/2(2)
C is electromagnetic wave spread speed in a vacuum.
Can be obtained by (1), (2) two formulas:
ε＝[ct/l]2(3)
T can be drawn by TDR waveform, in conjunction with known probe length l, medium can be calculatedDIELECTRIC CONSTANTS, thus calculate water content θ v by the empirical equation between dielectric constant and water content:
θv＝-11.9677+4.506072566ε-0.14615ε2+0.0021399ε3(4)
Hydrate concentration is calculated by porosity j and the water content θ v of sample:
S＝(j-θv)/j′100％(5)
Experimental implementation process is:
(1) open reactor top cover 6, by porous media (as quartz sand, natural sea sand etc.)Insert in the annular space between reactor 1 inner core 4 and urceolus 5.
(2) slowly inject from reactor 1 top and generate the required water of hydrate until porous is situated betweenMatter water (is referred to that porous media is by water saturation, in the hole of sample, is full of water, these water by saturatedIn experimentation, generate hydrate with methane gas gradually), then top cover 6 is covered to reactionStill, fixes and seals. Slowly inject methane gas from reactor 1 bottom, until arrive setFixed pressure, as 10MPa. Reactor 1 is left standstill at least 24 hours, methane gas is filledDivide and be dissolved in the water, and observe whether occur leakage.
(3) hydrate formation: reactor 1 is placed in to insulating box 3, opens observing and controllingSoftware and hardware interface device, carry out data acquisition and demonstration, and it is a certain setting calorstat temperatureLower temperature, as 1 DEG C, carries out data preservation when starting cooling. By observe temperature andPressure curve, judges whether hydrate formation finishes, and stops data protecting if finishDeposit (noting: do not stop data acquisition and display).
(4) decomposition of hydrate process: with uniform temperature, as 0.5 DEG C, for interval progressively raisesInsulating box design temperature, after Temperature Setting each time, waits for reactor temperature and pressureAfter stable, turn-on data is preserved, and after all data have been preserved, stop data and preserve,By the insulating box design temperature above temperature interval that raises, as 0.5 DEG C, wait for reactor temperatureAfter pressure stability, turn-on data is preserved, and after all data have been preserved, stops dataPreserve. Repeat above process until hydrate decomposes completely.
In whole experimentation, record and calculate various parameters by said method.
Method of the present invention can realize containing the seismic wave parameter of gas hydrates deposition medium withThe joint test of electromagnetic attenuation parameter. Utilize this system and method to can be used for measuring hydrate sampleDynamic characteristics. By generated in-situ mode, on specimen holder, generate the cylindrical sample of hydrateProduct, the fixed form of this sample is that upper end is fixed, lower end free. Excite magnet to produce by electricityActive force, drives and produces moment of torsion, (is filled by resonance in the natural frequency of vibration of cylindrical hydrate samplePut measurement, for the intrinsic frequency of article, do not produce) lower exciting sample, by measuring sampleThe free-ended motion of product, obtains the damping of transmitting wave propagation velocity and material, and according to the horizontal stroke recordingThe density p of wave velocity Vs and sample is calculated modulus of shearing μ=ρ Vs2. The achievable experiment of systemHave: resonance (torsional resonance, flexural resonance), damping ratio (is reversed damping ratio, flexural dampingThan).
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is notBe limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses,Can also make many variations to it.
Claims (5)
1. measurement contains a device for hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuation,It is characterized in that, comprise reactor (1), described reactor (1) comprises base (2), instituteState and on base (2), be provided with urceolus (4) and inner core (5), described urceolus (4) and inner core(5) top is provided with top cover (6), and described reactor (1) is arranged in insulating box (3),The arranged outside of described top cover (6) has magnet (7), and described magnet is wound with coil on (7)(8), on described reactor (1), be also connected with gas cylinder (9), the outside of described urceolus (4)Be provided with rubber film (10), described rubber film (10) arranged outside has confined pressure (11),Between described urceolus (4) and inner core (5), be provided with sample (12), described sample (12)On be provided with data acquisition unit (13).
2. measurement according to claim 1 is containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electricityThe device of magnetic decay, is characterized in that, described data acquisition unit (13) comprises PC (14),Described PC (14) is connected with controller (15) by wire, on described controller (15)Be connected with resonance device (16), TDR probe (17), temperature sensor (18) by wire respectivelyAnd pressure sensor (19); Described resonance device (16), TDR probe (17), temperature passSensor (18) and pressure sensor (19) are all arranged on sample (12).
3. measurement according to claim 1 is containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electricityThe device of magnetic decay, is characterized in that, described gas cylinder (9) is connected with sample (12).
4. measurement is containing a method for hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electromagnetic attenuation, its spyLevy and be, comprise the following steps:
1) open reactor top cover (6), sample (12) is inserted to the inner core of reactor (1)(4) in the annular space and between urceolus (5);
2) slowly inject from reactor (1) top and generate the required water of hydrate until porous is situated betweenMatter water, by saturated, then covers reactor by top cover (6), fixes and seals; From reactor(1) methane gas is slowly injected in bottom, until arrive the pressure setting; By reactor (1)Leave standstill at least 24 hours, methane gas is fully dissolved in the water, and whether observation occurs letting outLeak;
3) hydrate formation: reactor (1) is placed in to insulating box (3), opensData acquisition unit (13), carries out data acquisition and demonstration, sets calorstat temperature for settingTemperature, carries out data preservation when starting cooling; By observing temperature and pressure curve, sentenceWhether disconnected hydrate formation finishes, and stops data preserving if finish;
4) decomposition of hydrate process: with uniform temperature, for interval progressively raise insulating box setTemperature, after Temperature Setting each time, waits for after reactor temperature and pressure stability, opensOpen data and preserve, after all data have been preserved, stop data and preserve, insulating box is establishedThe fixed temperature above temperature interval that raises, waits for after reactor temperature and pressure stability, opens numberAccording to preservation, after all data have been preserved, stop data and preserve; Repeat above process straightTill decomposing completely to hydrate.
5. measurement according to claim 4 is containing hydrate deposition medium wave speed of the earthquake and electricityThe method of magnetic decay, is characterized in that, described sample (12) is porous dielectric substance.
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| CN110967769A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-07 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Online observation device and online observation method for hydrate rock core |
| CN111143991A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | Transverse magnetic wave transmission model of medium-wrapped wire and construction method thereof |
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| CN111257931A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-09 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for removing ship-passing interference noise in marine seismic exploration |
| CN111856560A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Natural gas hydrate reservoir information evaluation method and application thereof |
| CN113188973A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device and method for measuring permeability evolution characteristics of hydrate deposit layers in different occurrence forms |
| CN114216961A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Hydrate-containing sediment low-frequency acoustic detection device and test method |
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| CN109540974A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-29 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Hydrate core sample test macro and test method |
| CN110967769A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-07 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Online observation device and online observation method for hydrate rock core |
| CN111143991B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2023-06-30 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | Transverse magnetic wave transmission model of medium-wrapped wire and construction method thereof |
| CN111143991A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | Transverse magnetic wave transmission model of medium-wrapped wire and construction method thereof |
| CN111221039A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-02 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method, device and equipment for determining elastic wave velocity of natural gas hydrate |
| CN111257931A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-09 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for removing ship-passing interference noise in marine seismic exploration |
| CN111257931B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-11-17 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Method for removing ship-passing interference noise in marine seismic exploration |
| CN111856560A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Natural gas hydrate reservoir information evaluation method and application thereof |
| CN113188973B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-11-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device and method for measuring permeability evolution characteristics of hydrate deposit layers with different occurrence forms |
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| CN114216961A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Hydrate-containing sediment low-frequency acoustic detection device and test method |
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