CN102577818A - Method for interplanting tobacco with soybean - Google Patents
Method for interplanting tobacco with soybean Download PDFInfo
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- CN102577818A CN102577818A CN201210068405XA CN201210068405A CN102577818A CN 102577818 A CN102577818 A CN 102577818A CN 201210068405X A CN201210068405X A CN 201210068405XA CN 201210068405 A CN201210068405 A CN 201210068405A CN 102577818 A CN102577818 A CN 102577818A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop culture, and discloses a method for interplanting tobacco with soybean, which includes: interplanting tobacco with shade-tolerant, lodging-resistant and mid-late maturing summer soybean; seeding the tobacco on late April of each year by wide and narrow row spacing, wherein wide row spacing is 120cm, narrow row spacing is 80cm, ridges are made in narrow rows, two rows of tobacco are planted on each ridge, and plant spacing is 55cm; and performing no-tillage direct seeding of the soybean in a period from one week before primary tobacco harvest and one week after the primary tobacco harvest, planting two to three rows of the soybean in each wide tobacco row, and manually digging holes for staggered-hole dibble seeding with hole spacing 22-33cm. By making use of difference between spatial niche and time niche of the tobacco and the soybean in terms of light, heat, water and fertilizer, interplanting the tobacco with the soybean and efficiently using solar energy, time-space resource complementary utilization for the tobacco and the soybean is realized, high yield and high quality of the tobacco are promoted for tobacco areas, one cropping of the soybean is added, resource utilization rate and land productivity are improved, and soybean yield is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the arviculture technical field, be specifically related to one grow tobacco interplant of bean cultivation method.
Background technology
Tobacco is important economic crops, and there is more than 1200 country plantation tobacco in the whole world, but 2/3rds tobacco crop only is grown in four countries: China, India, Brazil and the U.S..China is maximum at present tobacco manufacturing nation, three/the last one that has accounted for global total amount.And be that the southwest of representative is China main tobacco producing region with Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, cultivated area accounts for 58% of the whole nation about 1,200 ten thousand mu throughout the year, this area light thermal resource is sufficient, with 1 year two ripe or three ripe be main.
Tobacco was generally broadcast at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April, and the 7-9 month gathers in batches, and early September could harvest successively; Thereby by the end of October to April next year can only arrange one the season last month of winter crop; Utilization of resources wretched insufficiency can not be realized the maximization of benefit, has influenced cigarette district peasant's plantation enthusiasm.And tobacco just begins to gather in July in batches, after lower leave is gathered, cause tobacco in half the breeding time on the ground light resources can not make full use of, also have nearly one month photo-thermal to utilize after adding the tobacco results, cause the waste of photo-thermal resource.Nicotiana Solanaceae on the other hand, yield and quality descends after the continuous cropping, annual according to statistics since the tobacco continuous cropping brings directly and indirect economic loss up to 4,000,000,000 yuan, this serious threat is to the sustainable development of China's tobacco agriculture.Therefore, how to make full use of the tobacco growing later stage the photo-thermal resource, alleviate the tobacco continuous cropping obstacle, stablize problem such as cigarette district tobacco planting area, be the key issue that solution is badly in need of in current southwestern tobacco planting district.
At present, for making full use of the season of growth, southern part cigarette district carries out the interplanting of wheat cigarette, selects wheat breed of short stem, that resist to fall, get bumper crops, and cover is planted tobacco before and after the milking maturity, about 20 days symbiosis phases, in time strengthens management after the wheat harvest, does not influence the yield and quality of tobacco leaf.In recent years, roasting later stage interplanting sweet corn is adopted at the spring cigarette by some cigarette districts, Guangdong, to improve land utilization rate.In addition, some cigarette districts also adopt banded interplanting, like 8 row wheats, 8 row cigarettes, and 8 row corns, 8 row cigarettes, 8 row rapes, 8 row cigarettes etc.But the report that does not also have the tobacco interplant of bean so far.
Soybean is a kind ofly can pass through the nodule nitrogen fixation culture fertility, the fourth-largest crop of China that integrates cereal crops, economic crops, feed and process raw material that again can drought-relief.Soybean contains very high protein, fat, and multiple mineral nutrient element and physiological activator, is the most being rich in nutrition and food that is easy to digest in the leguminous plant.Because of its unique nutritive value, add its nodule nitrogen fixation effect, significant to the mankind.China's soybean yields is far away from demand, is soybean demand and the maximum country of import volume in the world.China's import in 2009 reaches 4,255 ten thousand tons, and externally interdependency is up to 74.5%.Therefore greatly develop the soybean planting industry, on the basis of stablizing the soybean production of main producing region, northeast and the Yellow River and Huai He River sea, increase southwestern soybean acreage, it is self-supporting to solve the southwest human consumption soybean, will play an important role to alleviating China's soybean imbalance between supply and demand.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide one grow tobacco interplant of bean cultivation method.The method of the invention can efficiently be utilized the photo-thermal resource, solves cigarette district continuous cropping obstacle, stablizes the tobacco planting area, improves soybean yields.
For realizing the object of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
One grow tobacco interplant of bean cultivation method be tobacco and anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean interplanting; Tobacco is in capable 120 centimetres of the wide row of sowing of annual mid or late April width, 80 centimetres of narrow rows, and the narrow row ridging is planted 2 row tobaccos, 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows on the ridge; Soybean is all no-tillage and direct-seedings behind first time tobacco leaf picking last thoughtful first time of tobacco leaf picking, in the wide row of tobacco, plant 2～3 row soybean, and the cave is dug in manual work, the program request of wrong cave, and the cave is apart from being 22-33 centimetre.
The selection of soybean varieties is to the important effect that has of the photo-thermal resource of effectively utilizing the tobacco growing later stage.Therefore sufficient in order to guarantee soybean blossoming, bear pods and rouse key period illumination such as grain phase, cultivation method according to the invention, said soybean be anti-shade, anti-in slow ripe summer soybean.
Preferably, cultivation method according to the invention, said anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean be that No. 1, southern beans, iron are rich 29, screw beans or big grain king.
Preferably, cultivation method according to the invention, described in the capable sowing of tobacco width row spacing 80-90 centimetre of narrow row, the high 40cm in ridge.
Utilizing of the selection in soybean planting period and the output of interplant of bean and the photo-thermal resource in tobacco growing later stage is closely related.Preferably, cultivation method according to the invention, the date of seeding of said soybean is for the first time during tobacco leaf picking last thoughtful first time of tobacco leaf picking.
Soybean planting density and line-spacing are directly related with the output of interplant of bean.Preferably, plant 2 row soybean in the cultivation method according to the invention, the wide row of tobacco, 40 centimetres of soybean line spaces, 40 centimetres of tobacco and soybean line spaces.
Preferably, cultivation method according to the invention, the planting density of said soybean is every mu of 6000-9000 strain.
Preferably, cultivation method according to the invention, tobacco planting band and soybean band adopts crop rotation in the band between year border, and the tobacco planting band exchanged with the soybean band in 1 year, realized crop rotation in the band between year border, alleviated continuous cropping and endangered.
Can find out from above-mentioned technical scheme, the cultivation method of a kind of interplant of bean provided by the invention, tobacco and anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean interplanting; Tobacco is in capable 120 centimetres of the wide row of sowing of annual mid or late April width, 80 centimetres of narrow rows, and the narrow row ridging is planted 2 row tobaccos, 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows on the ridge; Soybean is all no-tillage and direct-seedings behind first time tobacco leaf picking last thoughtful first time of tobacco leaf picking, in the wide row of tobacco, plant 2～3 row soybean, and the cave is dug in manual work, the program request of wrong cave, and the cave is apart from being 22-33 centimetre.The present invention utilizes tobacco and two kinds of crops of soybean in spatial niche on light, heat, water, the fertilizer and the difference on the Time Niche, through the tobacco interplant of bean, efficiently utilizes the photo-thermal resource; Realize the complementary utilization of tobacco, the soybean space-time on resource, both promoted cigarette district tobacco high yield and high quality, increase one season of kind soybean again; Improve the level of resources utilization and land productivity; Improve soybean yields, increase farmers' income, realize the sustainable development of Sustainable utilization of resources and agricultural.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses one grow tobacco interplant of bean cultivation method.Those skilled in the art can use for reference this paper content, suitably improve technological parameter and realize.Special needs to be pointed out is that all similarly replace and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they all are regarded as and are included in the present invention.Method of the present invention is described through preferred embodiment, and the related personnel obviously can change or suitably change and combination method as herein described in not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes and use technology of the present invention.
In order further to understand the present invention, method provided by the invention is elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the interplant of bean kind is selected test
The soybean varieties of selecting to use in the production of southwest is interplanted with some representational landrace and tobacco, carries out the screening varieties test.The in good time early sowing of tobacco, the time is mid or late April; Soybean is in tobacco leaf picking the last week first time, and the time is no-tillage and direct-seeding on July 5 to July 15; Tobacco is adopted the capable cultivation of width, 120 centimetres of wide row, and 80 centimetres of narrow rows, the narrow row ridging, row spacing 80-90 centimetre, the high 40cm in ridge plants 2 row tobaccos on the ridge, and 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows can be transplanted by wrong nest, guarantee the field ventilation and penetrating light; When broadcasting soybean, plant 2 row soybean in the wide row of tobacco, 40 centimetres of soybean line spaces, 40 centimetres of tobacco and soybean line spaces, the planting density of soybean is according to each ecotope light and heat condition and soil fertility rational close planted, every mu 7000 strain; Adopt manual work to dig the cave, the program request of wrong cave, kind of a 5-6 grain is lost in every cave, finishes the bonnet fine earth; When waiting to grow into 3 leaves, in time even seedling, every cave keeps 3 strains.The cultivation management measure is produced with the land for growing field crops.Indexs such as statistics soybean strain number after the soybean maturation, the total grain of individual plant number, hundred fresh weights and per mu yield, statistics is seen table 1.
Table 1 soybean varieties is selected test
| Kind | Effective strain number (strain/mu) | The total grain of individual plant number | Hundred fresh weights (g) | Per mu yield (kg) |
| Japan is blue or green | 6825.6 | 60.2 | 21.6 | 88.7 |
| 8157 | 6823.7 | 70.1 | 20.1 | 96.1 |
| Big grain king | 6824 | 82.2 | 18.6 | 104.3 |
| Bright No. 1 of the Liao Dynasty | 6821.9 | 72.8 | 18.3 | 90.9 |
| Sa Kefeng | 6823.3 | 70.9 | 17.5 | 84.7 |
| Fresh No. 1 | 6822.6 | 70.4 | 18.5 | 88.9 |
| No. 1, south beans | 6824.4 | 109.5 | 21.2 | 158.4 |
| The osmanthus summer No. 2 | 6860.7 | 62.9 | 22.3 | 96.3 |
| Iron rich 29 | 6838.4 | 97.2 | 20.2 | 134.2 |
| Bright No. 5 of China | 6823.2 | 51.6 | 22.1 | 77.8 |
| China's spring No. 6 | 6822.4 | 70.3 | 18.6 | 89.2 |
| 185 | 6828.7 | 61.9 | 17.4 | 73.6 |
| 121 | 6822.1 | 60.9 | 18.2 | 75.6 |
| 138 | 6831.2 | 47.0 | 19.2 | 61.6 |
| 134 | 6825.3 | 54.8 | 19.4 | 72.5 |
| 282 | 6822.9 | 58.5 | 20.6 | 82.2 |
| The screw beans | 6825.9 | 98.4 | 21.4 | 143.7 |
More stable by No. 1, the visible southern beans of table 1 result, iron rich 29 and summer soybean varieties output performances such as landrace screw beans, big grain king, per mu yield is beneficial to the acquisition of high yield greater than 100kg.
Embodiment 2: interplant of bean is selected to test sowing time
Four soybean varieties with the tobacco interplanting in the southwest that suit selecting embodiment 1 to screen: No. 1, southern beans, iron are rich 29, screw beans and a big king; Carry out selecting in interplant of bean sowing time test, respectively at tobacco leaf gather for the first time preceding 2 weeks (June 27), 1 week (July 4) during with tobacco leaf picking for the first time (July 11), back 1 week (July 18) of gathering, 2 weeks (July 25) and 6 periods of 3 weeks (August 1) sow.Tobacco is adopted the capable cultivation of width, 120 centimetres of wide row, 80 centimetres of narrow rows; The narrow row ridging, row spacing 80-90 centimetre, the high 40cm in ridge; Plant 2 row tobaccos on the ridge, 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows are planted 2 row soybean in the wide row of tobacco; 40 centimetres of soybean line spaces, 40 centimetres of tobacco and soybean line spaces, the planting density of soybean is every mu 7000 strain; Adopt manual work to dig the cave, the program request of wrong cave, kind of a 5-6 grain is lost in every cave, finishes the bonnet fine earth; When waiting to grow into 3 leaves, in time even seedling, every cave keeps 3 strains.The cultivation management measure is produced with the land for growing field crops.Treat to add up soybean strain number, the total grain of individual plant number, hundred indexs such as fresh weight, per mu yield and breeding time after the soybean maturation, statistics is seen table 2.
The date of seeding test of table 2 adapted varieties
Visible by table 2 result, No. 1, southern beans, iron rich 29 and three kinds of screw beans all with 1 week before the first time tobacco leaf picking and when gathering sowing more suitable, and big grain king the sowing of 1 week is better behind first time tobacco leaf picking.Four strains calculates average yield, and the per mu yield of sowing soybean was apparently higher than other three periods when the result showed the first time in preceding 1 week of tobacco leaf picking and gathers.
Embodiment 3: tobacco cover soybean planting density and line-spacing are to the influence test of soybean yields
Soybean varieties south beans with the suitable cigarette beans interplanting of embodiment 1 screening are material No. 1, adopt two factor split plot designs, test with Xichang City Lang Huan township on Sichuan Agricultural University teaching farm (Yaan), and the in good time early sowing of tobacco, the time is mid or late April; Soybean is at tobacco leaf picking first time the last week (July 5) no-tillage and direct-seeding; Tobacco is adopted the capable cultivation of width, 120 centimetres of wide row, and 80 centimetres of narrow rows, the narrow row ridging, row spacing 80-90 centimetre, the high 40cm in ridge plants 2 row tobaccos on the ridge, and 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows can be transplanted by wrong nest, guarantee the field ventilation and penetrating light; Research tobacco cover soybean density 3000～15000 strain/mus when being respectively 39cm, 29cm, 23cm with the soybean line space, are planted 2 row, 3 row, 4 row soybean, to the influence of interplanting soybean yields when broadcasting soybean in the wide row of tobacco.The result sees table 3
Different densities and line-spacing are to the influence (kg/ mu) of soybean yields under the table 3 tobacco cover soybean pattern
Visible by table 3, the Yaan is the highest with middle low-density 6000 strain/mus, every pattern interplant of bean per mu yield with 3 row, and Xichang is the highest with middle-high density 9000 strain/mus, every pattern interplant of bean per mu yield with 2 row.
The explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- One grow tobacco interplant of bean cultivation method, it is characterized in that, tobacco and anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean interplanting; Tobacco is in capable 120 centimetres of the wide row of sowing of annual mid or late April width, 80 centimetres of narrow rows, and the narrow row ridging is planted 2 row tobaccos, 55 centimetres of spacing in the rows on the ridge; Soybean is all no-tillage and direct-seedings behind first time tobacco leaf picking last thoughtful first time of tobacco leaf picking, in the wide row of tobacco, plant 2～3 row soybean, and the cave is dug in manual work, the program request of wrong cave, and the cave is apart from being 22-33 centimetre.
- 2. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said anti-shade, anti-fall in slow ripe summer soybean be that No. 1, southern beans, iron are rich 29, screw beans or big grain king.
- 3. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the row spacing 80-90 of said narrow row centimetre, and the high 40cm in ridge.
- 4. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the date of seeding of said soybean is for the first time during tobacco leaf picking last thoughtful first time of tobacco leaf picking.
- 5. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, plants 2 row soybean in the wide row of tobacco, 40 centimetres of soybean line spaces, 40 centimetres of tobacco and soybean line spaces.
- 6. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the planting density of said soybean is every mu of 6000-9000 strain.
- 7. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, tobacco planting band and soybean band adopt crop rotation in the band between year border.
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| CN201210068405XA CN102577818A (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Method for interplanting tobacco with soybean |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870586A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | High-yield planting method suitable for flue-cured interplanting of rape in mountainous region |
| CN102960177A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-13 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Method of shortening seed breeding cycle of nicotiana tabacum mutant strain YK01 |
| CN103081706A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-05-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Pea and tobacco intercropping method |
| CN103141272A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-06-12 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco planting method for improving tobacco leaf quality by using rosa damascena |
| CN103814648A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 四川银谷玫瑰科技有限公司 | Damascus rose ridging method |
| CN104285627A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco wide-narrow row high-low ridge planting method |
| CN104488522A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Sugarcane planting method based on wide and narrow rows |
| CN104770098A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 王金成 | Land no-tillage pit forming substrate filling direct seeding method |
| CN104885751A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 彭国平 | Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla |
| CN104956868A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-07 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Interplanting method for peanuts and daylily on red soil gentle slope dry land |
| CN105393772A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 湖北省农科院中药材研究所 | Planting method of intercropping Badong levisticum |
| CN107926187A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 赵常宏 | A kind of fertilizer fertilizing method of tobacco planting |
| CN109429948A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 王光勇 | The volume increase abridged edition implantation methods of soya bean are planted between a kind of corn |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870586A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | High-yield planting method suitable for flue-cured interplanting of rape in mountainous region |
| CN102960177A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-13 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Method of shortening seed breeding cycle of nicotiana tabacum mutant strain YK01 |
| CN103081706A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-05-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Pea and tobacco intercropping method |
| CN103141272A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-06-12 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco planting method for improving tobacco leaf quality by using rosa damascena |
| CN103814648A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 四川银谷玫瑰科技有限公司 | Damascus rose ridging method |
| CN104285627A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco wide-narrow row high-low ridge planting method |
| CN104488522A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Sugarcane planting method based on wide and narrow rows |
| CN104770098A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 王金成 | Land no-tillage pit forming substrate filling direct seeding method |
| CN104885751A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 彭国平 | Cultivation method for interplanting tobacco and perilla |
| CN104885751B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-11-17 | 彭国平 | A kind of cultural method for being interplanted tobacco and purple perilla |
| CN104956868A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-07 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Interplanting method for peanuts and daylily on red soil gentle slope dry land |
| CN105393772A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 湖北省农科院中药材研究所 | Planting method of intercropping Badong levisticum |
| CN105393772B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-07-24 | 恩施九州通中药发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of the east of Sichuan Radix Angelicae Pubescentis interplanting |
| CN107926187A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 赵常宏 | A kind of fertilizer fertilizing method of tobacco planting |
| CN109429948A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 王光勇 | The volume increase abridged edition implantation methods of soya bean are planted between a kind of corn |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |