CN102487691A - Ecological planting method for himalayan teasel roots - Google Patents
Ecological planting method for himalayan teasel roots Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological planting method for himalayan teasel roots and belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal crop and agriculture planting. The ecological planting method for the himalayan teasel roots provided by the invention comprises the following steps: inter-planting the himalayan teasel roots in an economic forest of walnuts, Chinese chestnuts, pears, peaches and cherries, and performing field management according to a corresponding planting technology. According to the ecological planting method, the advantage of complementation of the himalayan teasel roots and the space ecological niche of the economic forest is fully utilized, the harm caused by weeds and insect pests is reduced, the usage of pesticides is reduced, the quality of the himalayan teasel roots and the use ratio of land are increased, the income is increased, the ecological environment of the economic forest is improved, the growth and development of economic trees are boosted, the soil erosion in the forest land is reduced, and the economic and ecological benefits are excellent.
Description
Technical field;
The present invention relates to a kind of ecology planting method of teasel root, belong to traditional Chinese medicine and agricultural planting technique field.
Technical background:
In recent years, along with the propelling of woods power system reform, one of focus of government agencies at all levels is how under the situation that does not reduce forest-covered area, increases the income of hill farmer.For this reason, government agencies at all levels encourage the peasant to plant commodity trees such as walnut, Chinese chestnut, pears, peach at mountain development.In the economic forest young growth phase, be in and only drop into and do not have the output stage, the forest land is open; Be prone to grow weeds; Water and fertilizer management is also heavier and difficult, in the maintenance in forest land, needs the cost great amount of manpower and material resources, and how rational and effective is made good use of sylvan life land resources; Increase income, become the focus that hill farmer is paid close attention to.
Teasel root (Dipsacus asperoides C.Y.Cheng et T.M.Ai) is the Dipsacaceae herbaceos perennial.Teasel root contains alkaloid and volatile oil; Have filling liver kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, the continuous effects such as hindering, end uterine bleeding of rolling over; Cure mainly kidney deficiency and liver, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, injury from falling down etc.; Be the important source material of Chinese patent drugs such as " powder for fracture and trauma ", " Dieda Wan ", " dahuoluo pills ", consumption increases year by year.Because the medicinal efficacy that teasel root is unique, at the port, Austria, platform and market, Southeast Asia is very welcome, demand is also in continuous expansion.Ground such as teasel root main product Sichuan, Yunnan, Hubei because local medicinal herb grower excavates the predatoriness of wild teasel root, are seriously damaged its resource, and the wild resource of teasel root has faced exhaustion, and landings are very little.At present, the teasel root of market sale is mainly from artificial planting.Traditional teasel root cropping pattern will occupy a large amount of arable lands, and weeds and damage by disease and insect harm are serious, and peasant's input cost is high, and land utilization rate is low, influences the planting benefit of teasel root.Through economic underwood planting teasel root, can not only make the peasant obtain better economic benefit, also can " comfort " growth that promotes commodity trees to plough generation, improve the peasant and comprehensively seek benefit.
Also do not appear in the newspapers about the pattern and the technology of sylvan life ecologic planting teasel root at present.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for ecologic planting teasel root under a kind of economic forest, remedy the technological gap of sylvan life interplanting teasel root, realize the efficient utilization of forest land resource, enlarge teasel root plantation approach.
The ecology planting method of a kind of teasel root of method of the present invention is characterized in that the ecology planting method of teasel root comprises forest land selection, whole ground, sowing, field management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, gathers and the preliminary working step, and is specific as follows:
(1) forest land is selected: select economic forest such as walnut below 5 years of the age of tree in height above sea level 1500m～2600m scope, Chinese chestnut, pears, peach, cherry, require more than the forest line-spacing 3m, and the gradient＜15 °, soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous, fertile sandy loam plot;
(2) wholely: plough deeply plot in the woods more than the 30cm April～May, suns the earth which has been ploughed up to mid-June, and rake is thin, sorts out weeds; Use the farmyard manure 2000kg～4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in whole good ground, plough deeply, make the abundant mixing of soil and farmyard manure, the leveling soil; By moisture in the soil face width 1.2m, furrow width 0.3m manages moisture in the soil;
(3) sowing:
A. seed treatment: with 35 ℃～40 ℃ water seed soakings 24 hours, press 0.3%～0.5% of seed weight with 50% carbendazim again and dress seed before the sowing;
B. sowing time: at the beginning of late June to 7 month, rainwater passes through down, the abundant moistening back sowing of soil;
C. seeding quantity: every mu with kind of a 0.8kg～1.0kg;
D. type of seeding: adopt bunch planting, press line-spacing 30cm, the cave is apart from the 25cm program request, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, and earthing 2cm, compacting a little, and cover the broken grass of one deck or dead leaf to preserve moisture;
(4) field management:
A. thinning: begin thinning during height of seedling 10cm, strain in strong sprout 1 is stayed in every cave, and a seedling that goes out is used to fill a vacancy, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, in time water after planting;
B. intertill and clean tillage: combine thinning, carry out the weeding first time, should remove with hand-lifting; Later stage is carried out shallow hoe weeding and intertillage with hoe, avoids hindering root when hoeing up weeds, influence growth, and general July, August and September respectively carry out once, accomplish that the field do not have weeds; Will clean the field 1 year spring, turns green to the envelope moisture in the soil, still will carry out intertill and clean tillage 2 times～3 times;
C. fertilising: behind 15cm, execute urea liquid 250kg when seedling is long in conjunction with watering every mu, the ratio of urea and water is 1: 50; Every mu of mid or late August is executed N: P: K=15: 15: 15 composite fertilizer 20kg, impose on by the strain, and execute the back earthing; After turning green in 1 year, mid-May, execute urea liquid 400kg in conjunction with watering every mu, the ratio of urea and water is 1: 50; Every mu of late July is executed N: P: K=15: 15: 15 composite fertilizer 30kg, impose on by the strain, and execute the back earthing;
D. pluck flower bud: extract bud on the teasel root plant successively out after planting in June, second～July, except that seed field, other bud is extractd without exception, and nutrient is concentrated on the rhizome, to guarantee the quality of teasel root medicinal material;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest:
A. since early June, in teasel root ground, spray 1: 0.7: 200 bordeaux mixture, spray in per 15 days 1 time connects and sprays 3 times～4 times;
B. use every mu of 250g of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, add water 2.5kg and be sprayed on to mix thoroughly on the 25kg fine earth and process pesticide-clay mixture, pesticide-clay mixture is sneaked in the base manure use;
(6) gather: gather after planting in November, second, prescinds withered cauline leaf on the ground with reaping hook, digs out underground complete rhizome, removes earth and reed head, transports preliminary working back;
(7) preliminary working: bright teasel root airing to half-dried, concentrated and banked up, cover gunnysack, make its " sweating " deliquescing, after section becomes green, continue airing again and do, hit fibrous root.
The present invention is simple to operate, economizes the land resource, and is easy to promote; Reduce the harm of sylvan life weeds and sick worm, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, improve the quality of teasel root; Effectively solve the problem of utilizing of sylvan life land resources, both increased the income of land area of one unit, reduce the water and soil loss in the forest land again, have good economy and ecological benefits.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one: the walnut in 5 years of the age of tree or Chinese chestnut underwood planting.
1. the forest land is selected: selecting height above sea level is 1500m or 2000m or 2600m, the walnut woods in 5 years of the age of tree or Chinese chestnut woods, and seeding row spacing is 6m * 8m or 4m * 5m, and the forest land is brown sandy loam, and soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous, fertile.
2. wholely: April or mid-May are ploughed deeply 30cm with small-sized rotovator with plot in the woods, and early June, rake is thin, sorts out weeds; Use farmyard manure 2000kg or 3000kg or the 4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in whole good ground, plough deeply, make the abundant mixing of soil and farmyard manure, the leveling soil.By moisture in the soil face width 1.2m, furrow width 0.3m manages moisture in the soil.
3. sowing:
(1) seed treatment: with 35 ℃ or 38 ℃ or 40 ℃ of water seed soakings 24 hours, 0.3% or 0.4% or 0.5% seed dressing of pressing seed weight again with 50% carbendazim;
(2) sowing time: at the beginning of late June or 7 months, rainwater passes through down, the abundant moistening back sowing of soil;
(3) seeding quantity: every mu with kind of 0.8kg or 0.9kg or 1.0kg;
(4) type of seeding: adopt bunch planting, press line-spacing 30cm, the cave is apart from the 25cm program request, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, and earthing 2cm, compacting a little, and cover one deck dead leaf and preserve moisture.
4. field management:
(1) thinning: begin thinning during height of seedling 10cm, strain in strong sprout 1 is stayed in every cave, and a seedling that goes out is used to fill a vacancy, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, in time water after planting.
(2) intertill and clean tillage: combine thinning, carry out the weeding first time, should remove with hand-lifting.Later stage is carried out shallow hoe weeding and intertillage with hoe, avoids hindering root when hoeing up weeds, the influence growth.July, August and September respectively carry out once, accomplish that the field do not have weeds.1 year, will clean the field spring, turns green to the envelope moisture in the soil, to carry out 2 times or 3 intertill and clean tillages.
(3) fertilising: behind 15cm, execute urea 5kg (1kg urea is converted 50kg water) when seedling is long in conjunction with watering every mu, mid or late August every mu of sealing fertilizer (N: P: K=15: 15: 15) 20kg imposes on by the strain, executes the back earthing; After turning green in 1 year, mid-May, execute urea 8kg (1kg urea is converted 50kg water) in conjunction with watering every mu, late July every mu of sealing fertilizer (N: P: K=15: 15: 15) 30kg imposes on by the strain, executes the back earthing.
(4) pluck flower bud: after planting in June, second or July extract bud on the teasel root plant successively out, except that seed field, other bud is extractd without exception, and nutrient is concentrated on the rhizome, to guarantee the quality of teasel root medicinal material;
5. the extermination of disease and insect pest: the teasel root of this pattern plantation, damage by disease and insect takes place less, and the extent of injury is lower, carries out following work, effectively prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
(1) since early June, in teasel root ground, spray 1: 0.7: 200 bordeaux mixture, spray in per 15 days 1 time connects and sprays 3 times or 4 times, infringement of prevention germ and repellent insect.
(2) with every mu of 250g of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, add water 2.5kg and be sprayed on to mix thoroughly on the 25kg fine earth and process pesticide-clay mixture, pesticide-clay mixture is sneaked in the base manure use, with the control soil insect.
6. gather: gather after planting in November, second, prescinds withered cauline leaf on the ground with reaping hook, digs out underground complete rhizome, removes earth and reed head, transports preliminary working back.
7. preliminary working: bright teasel root airing to half-dried, concentrated and banked up, cover gunnysack, make its " sweating " deliquescing, after section becomes green, continue airing again and do, hit fibrous root.
Practical application shows: the dried medicinal material 368.6kg of average yield per mu teasel root, 2580.2 yuan of per mu yield values are (in 7 yuan of place of production procurement prices in 2009/kg).Do not consider to plant teasel root to the managing and protecting of walnut or chestnut tree, accelerate the growth of walnut or chestnut tree, only, remove 1000 yuan of costs such as seed, fertilizer, manual work, increase income 1580.2 yuan for every mu than single plantation walnut or Chinese chestnut from the income analysis of plantation teasel root.
Embodiment two: the peach in 4 years of the age of tree or pear tree or cherry tree underwood planting.
The ecology planting method of teasel root is with embodiment one.The plantation woods of selecting is respectively peach or the pear tree or the cherry woods.
Practical application shows: the dried medicinal material 315.2kg of average yield per mu teasel root, 2836.8 yuan of per mu yield values are (in 9 yuan of place of production procurement prices in 2010/kg).Do not consider to plant teasel root managing and protecting to peach or pear tree or cherry tree; Accelerate the growth of peach or pear tree or cherry tree; Only, remove 1200 yuan of costs such as seed, fertilizer, manual work, plant peach or pear tree or cherry tree than list and increase income 1636.8 yuan for every mu from the income analysis of plantation teasel root.
Claims (1)
1. the ecology planting method of a teasel root is characterized in that the ecology planting method of teasel root comprises forest land selection, whole ground, sowing, field management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, gathers and the preliminary working step, and is specific as follows:
(1) forest land is selected: select economic forest such as walnut below 5 years of the age of tree in height above sea level 1500m～2600m scope, Chinese chestnut, pears, peach, cherry, require more than the forest line-spacing 3m, and the gradient＜15 °, soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous, fertile sandy loam plot;
(2) wholely: plough deeply plot in the woods more than the 30cm April～May, suns the earth which has been ploughed up to mid-June, and rake is thin, sorts out weeds; Use the farmyard manure 2000kg～4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in whole good ground, plough deeply, make the abundant mixing of soil and farmyard manure, the leveling soil; By moisture in the soil face width 1.2m, furrow width 0.3m manages moisture in the soil;
(3) sowing:
A. seed treatment: with 35 ℃～40 ℃ water seed soakings 24 hours, press 0.3%～0.5% of seed weight with 50% carbendazim again and dress seed before the sowing;
B. sowing time: at the beginning of late June to 7 month, rainwater passes through down, the abundant moistening back sowing of soil;
C. seeding quantity: every mu with kind of a 0.8kg～1.0kg;
D. type of seeding: adopt bunch planting, press line-spacing 30cm, the cave is apart from the 25cm program request, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, and earthing 2cm, compacting a little, and cover the broken grass of one deck or dead leaf to preserve moisture;
(4) field management:
A. thinning: begin thinning during height of seedling 10cm, strain in strong sprout 1 is stayed in every cave, and a seedling that goes out is used to fill a vacancy, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, in time water after planting;
B. intertill and clean tillage: combine thinning, carry out the weeding first time, should remove with hand-lifting; Later stage is carried out shallow hoe weeding and intertillage with hoe, avoids hindering root when hoeing up weeds, influence growth, and general July, August and September respectively carry out once, accomplish that the field do not have weeds; Will clean the field 1 year spring, turns green to the envelope moisture in the soil, still will carry out intertill and clean tillage 2 times～3 times;
C. fertilising: behind 15cm, execute urea liquid 250kg when seedling is long in conjunction with watering every mu, the ratio of urea and water is 1: 50; Every mu of mid or late August is executed N: P: K=15: 15: 15 composite fertilizer 20kg, impose on by the strain, and execute the back earthing; After turning green in 1 year, mid-May, execute urea liquid 400kg in conjunction with watering every mu, the ratio of urea and water is 1: 50; Every mu of late July is executed N: P: K=15: 15: 15 composite fertilizer 30kg, impose on by the strain, and execute the back earthing;
D. pluck flower bud: extract bud on the teasel root plant successively out after planting in June, second～July, except that seed field, other bud is extractd without exception, and nutrient is concentrated on the rhizome, to guarantee the quality of teasel root medicinal material;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest:
A. since early June, in teasel root ground, spray 1: 0.7: 200 bordeaux mixture, spray in per 15 days 1 time connects and sprays 3 times～4 times;
B. use every mu of 250g of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, add water 2.5kg and be sprayed on to mix thoroughly on the 25kg fine earth and process pesticide-clay mixture, pesticide-clay mixture is sneaked in the base manure use;
(6) gather: gather after planting in November, second, prescinds withered cauline leaf on the ground with reaping hook, digs out underground complete rhizome, removes earth and reed head, transports preliminary working back;
(7) preliminary working: bright teasel root airing to half-dried, concentrated and banked up, cover gunnysack, make its deliquescing, after section becomes green, continue airing again and do, hit fibrous root.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503688A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-15 | 遵义普迪生物科技有限责任公司 | Artificial cultivation method for traditional Chinese medicine himalayan teasel root |
| CN103814723A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 云南和创药业有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for high-altitude area radix dipsaci |
| CN104255285A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-07 | 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 | Dipsacus asper and corn-for-seed intercropping method |
| CN104285658A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-21 | 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 | Method for planting teasel roots and tartary buckwheat in relay intercropping mode |
| CN104429505A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 师宗泽源生物科技有限责任公司 | Teasel root planting method capable of effectively improving product yield |
| CN104956866A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-07 | 普定县富民种养殖专业合作社 | Black pearl cherry and corn interplanting method |
| CN105052661A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 秦道安 | Citrus planting method |
| CN105123234A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-09 | 杨宝 | Method for ecologically planting angelica decursiva in juglans sigillata forest |
| CN105493817A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-20 | 宁蒗县国兵生物科技有限公司 | Himalayan teasel root cultivation method |
| CN105580585A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-18 | 辽东学院 | Under-chestnut-canopy domesticated wild Northeast pseudostellaria heterophylla cultivation technology |
| CN105900768A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 陈明书 | Cherry and Fritillaria cirrhosa mixed planting method |
| CN106258699A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 丹东江源农业科技有限公司 | The Semen Castaneae interplanting east area of the Liao River, coextensive with eastern and southern Liaoning Province, north flitch method |
| CN106508408A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州黔安源药科技发展有限公司 | Artificial cultivation method for dipsacus asperoids |
| CN106718561A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 潘祖贤 | The cultural method of selenium-rich Chinese chestnut |
| CN107278567A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-24 | 云南农业大学 | The implantation methods of teasel natural cultivation |
| CN107493903A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州阳溪洪林中药材产业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of teasel |
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| CN103814723A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 云南和创药业有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for high-altitude area radix dipsaci |
| CN105580585A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-18 | 辽东学院 | Under-chestnut-canopy domesticated wild Northeast pseudostellaria heterophylla cultivation technology |
| CN105580585B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2018-12-25 | 辽东学院 | Chinese chestnut is preced with the wild change man of lower northeast radix pseudostellariae and plants cultural method |
| CN104255285A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-07 | 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 | Dipsacus asper and corn-for-seed intercropping method |
| CN104285658A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-21 | 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 | Method for planting teasel roots and tartary buckwheat in relay intercropping mode |
| CN104285658B (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 | The implantation methods of a kind of teasel root and bitter buckwheat interplanting |
| CN104429505A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 师宗泽源生物科技有限责任公司 | Teasel root planting method capable of effectively improving product yield |
| CN106258699A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 丹东江源农业科技有限公司 | The Semen Castaneae interplanting east area of the Liao River, coextensive with eastern and southern Liaoning Province, north flitch method |
| CN104956866A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-07 | 普定县富民种养殖专业合作社 | Black pearl cherry and corn interplanting method |
| CN104956866B (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-10-17 | 普定县富民种养殖专业合作社 | A kind of black pearl cherry and interplanting corn method |
| CN105052661A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 秦道安 | Citrus planting method |
| CN105123234A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-09 | 杨宝 | Method for ecologically planting angelica decursiva in juglans sigillata forest |
| CN105123234B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-06-30 | 杨宝 | A kind of method of complex peach sylvan life ecologic planting RADIX PEUCEDANI |
| CN105493817A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-20 | 宁蒗县国兵生物科技有限公司 | Himalayan teasel root cultivation method |
| CN105900768A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 陈明书 | Cherry and Fritillaria cirrhosa mixed planting method |
| CN106508408A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州黔安源药科技发展有限公司 | Artificial cultivation method for dipsacus asperoids |
| CN106718561A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 潘祖贤 | The cultural method of selenium-rich Chinese chestnut |
| CN107278567A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-24 | 云南农业大学 | The implantation methods of teasel natural cultivation |
| CN107493903A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州阳溪洪林中药材产业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of teasel |
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