CN102189948A - 用于机动车辆的座椅 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的座椅 Download PDF

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CN102189948A
CN102189948A CN2011100527374A CN201110052737A CN102189948A CN 102189948 A CN102189948 A CN 102189948A CN 2011100527374 A CN2011100527374 A CN 2011100527374A CN 201110052737 A CN201110052737 A CN 201110052737A CN 102189948 A CN102189948 A CN 102189948A
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seat
armchair structure
driver
fixing
drive unit
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CN102189948B (zh
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T·吉尔伯特
D·雍格特
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/02246—Electric motors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/02246—Electric motors therefor
    • B60N2/02258—Electric motors therefor characterised by the mounting of the electric motor for adjusting the seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/1605—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable characterised by the cinematic
    • B60N2/161—Rods
    • B60N2/1615—Parallelogram-like structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/1635—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable characterised by the drive mechanism
    • B60N2/165—Gear wheel driven mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/1635—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable characterised by the drive mechanism
    • B60N2/1655—Cycloidal or planetary mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/1685—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable characterised by a lock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/1695—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable with simultaneous height and inclination adjustment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/22—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable
    • B60N2/2213—Gear wheel driven mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/22—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable
    • B60N2/225—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable by cycloidal or planetary mechanisms
    • B60N2/2252—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable by cycloidal or planetary mechanisms in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear, e.g. one gear without sun gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/43—Safety locks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/90—Details or parts not otherwise provided for
    • B60N2/919—Positioning and locking mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2205/00—General mechanical or structural details
    • B60N2205/50—Interlocking shaft arrangements transmitting movement between hinge mechanisms on both sides of a seat

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的座椅，它具有基本上在该座椅宽度上延伸的一个可调式座椅结构(1)、安排在该座椅一侧(4)用于在座椅两侧上调整座椅结构(1)的一个电驱动单元(12)、以及用于在两侧上固定该座椅结构(1)的装置(17)。在这种类型的一个座椅中，根据本发明提供的安排是使该座椅结构(1)是用于接收坐垫或靠垫的一种结构。具有结构简单的设计的这种类型的一个座椅确保了在两侧的座椅的结构简单的调整和固定。这些调整力是从位于座椅的一侧的驱动单元通过座椅结构传送到座椅的另一侧。

Description

用于机动车辆的座椅
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的座椅，它具有基本上在该座椅的宽度上延伸的一个可调式座椅结构、安排在该座椅的一侧用于在该座椅两侧调整该座椅结构的一个电驱动单元、以及用于在两侧固定该座椅结构的装置。
背景技术
在用于机动车辆的电动可调式座椅中，这些功能大多必须同时在座椅的两侧(因此在座椅的左侧和右侧)进行调整。例如，对于座椅的纵向调整、高度调整、倾斜度调整或座椅靠背倾斜度调整都是如此。
从DE 102006005966A1中已知在开篇处出提到的这种类型的座椅。其中说明了座椅的高度调整。这种座椅具有两个侧框架，这些侧框架被可枢转地安装在多个枢转臂中，其中这些枢转臂被可枢转地安装在车身结构中。这两个框架通过安排在它们之间的多个管在前部和后部进行连接。以这种方式形成的座椅结构通过一个电驱动装置可以被升高和降低，该电驱动装置被安排在该座椅结构的一侧，因此是在一个框架的外侧的区域中。为了能够在碰撞的情况下固定这种座椅结构，该座椅结构在两侧(在这些框架的相互面对的两侧)具有多个锁定元件，所述锁定元件在碰撞的情况下被启动并且接合在有齿的部分中，这些有齿的区段以一种抗扭的方式被连接到该框架上。
因此所述安排形成了具有多个能够被升高和降低的框架的一种构架。为了升高和降低该构架，必须将调整力通过连接这两个框架的管从座椅的一侧传送到座椅的另一侧。这些管及其安装导致生产和安装费用的提高以及增加的重量。除此之外，为了形成这种座椅，用来接收机动车辆座椅的坐垫的实际结构必须安装到这个构架中。US 5,306,073披露了一种由轻金属浇注部件组成的座椅结构，该座椅结构可以通过一个电动机-传动器单元在一侧进行调整。然而，没有提供在碰撞情况下分离的锁定单元。就安全而言这是不利的，因为只在一侧在传动器中有锁定。
发明内容
本发明的目的是开发一种在开篇处所提及类型的座椅，使所述座椅具有结构简单的设计而确保在两侧结构简单地调整及固定该座椅。
实现这个目的的方式在于该座椅结构是用于接收坐垫或靠垫的一种结构。
在根据本发明的座椅中，该座椅结构因此具有接收非刚性的坐垫或非刚性的靠垫的主要功能。该座椅结构因此而呈现为用于安装坐垫以及靠垫的刚性结构。所述座椅结构的特别突出之处在于高的刚性度。此外，这种座椅结构具有将一个通过座椅的一侧引入的调整运动传送至座椅的另一侧上的功能。由于该座椅结构的刚性构造，这是易于实现的。
例如，根据本发明的座椅结构(坐垫结构和靠背结构)被生产为一种轻金属(特别是由镁)浇注的部件。因此，这足以将用于这种调整功能的电驱动单元仅提供在座椅的一侧。所述电驱动单元优选地包括一个电动机和一个传动器。因此，例如用于调整座椅高度的电动机和传动器仅位于座椅的右侧，或者仅位于座椅的左侧。由于该座椅结构的高的刚性度，此处的调整运动是从座椅的一侧(电动机和传动器位于这一侧)通过该座椅结构传送到座椅的另一侧(没有电动机和传动器位于这一侧)。
在通过驱动单元(电动机和传动器)的座椅调整过程中产生的力因此通过该结构从座椅的一侧传送到座椅的另一侧。相比之下，在发生事故的情况下，例如在车辆发生碰撞的情况下，座椅受到实质上高于在座椅的调整过程中的力。现在这些力被用于在两侧固定座椅结构的装置吸收，这些装置被安排在座椅的对应侧(即右侧和左侧)。用于在座椅两侧固定座椅结构的装置可能以不同的方式起作用。这些装置优选地通过锁定或摩擦力连接来发挥作用。例如，该座椅结构通过自锁定或主动地(特别是通过多个螺栓而机电式的)被固定。
用于固定座椅结构的装置被分配给对应的调整装置，因此被分配给高度调整器、倾斜度调整器、等等。例如，这些装置(特别是这些锁定单元)被实现为一种自由轮。例如，如果在座椅处超过了关于速度、加速度、质量惯性/离心力等的一种限度，该自由轮就被触发。作为一种替代方案，提供了用于固定该座椅结构的可电启动的装置，特别是通过一种控制信号来启动的多个电锁定单元。通过将一个锁定单元用在座椅的右侧并且将一个锁定单元用在左侧，所使用的传动器可以是一种具有高效率的传动器，因为该传动器并非必须是自锁定的。作为一种替代方案，用于在该座椅的背离该电驱动单元的一侧上固定该座椅结构的装置可以被设计为一个锁定单元，并且传动器可以被设计为一种自锁式传动器，其中在该传动器的情况下，用于固定座椅结构的装置是由用于固定地锁定该传动器的装置形成的。因此，只有一个锁定单元用在座椅的没有电驱动单元的那一侧。在这种情况下，于是使用了一种自锁式传动器。后者具有较低的效率。然而，没有必要在座椅的这一侧提供一个分离的锁定单元。
综而言之，本发明的目的是通过下述1的方案实现的，2-9是本发明的优选方案：
1.一种用于机动车辆的座椅，该座椅具有基本上在该座椅的宽度上延伸的一个可调式座椅结构、安排在该座椅的一侧用于在该座椅两侧调整该座椅结构的一个电驱动单元、以及用于在两侧固定该座椅结构的装置，其特征在于该座椅结构是用于接收一个坐垫或一个靠垫的一种结构。
2.如1所述的座椅，其特征在于，该座椅结构具有高的刚性度。
3.如1或2所述的座椅，其特征在于，该座椅结构是由一个浇注部件、尤其是由一个轻金属浇注部件形成的。
4.如1至3之一所述的座椅，其特征在于，该电驱动单元具有一个电动机和一个传动器。
5.如1至4之一所述的座椅，其特征在于，该电驱动单元与一个器具相互作用，该器具用于该座椅的高度调整、或者用于该座椅的纵向调整、或者用于针对该坐垫的座椅结构的倾斜度调整或者用于针对该靠垫的座椅结构的倾斜度调整。
6.如4或5所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在座椅两侧固定该座椅结构的装置被设计为一种锁定单元，并且该传动器被设计为一种非自锁式传动器。
7.如4或5所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在该座椅的背离该电驱动单元的一侧上固定该座椅的装置被设计为一种锁定单元，并且该传动器被设计为一种自锁式传动器，其中用于固定该座椅结构的装置是由用于该传动器自锁定的装置形成的。
8.如6或7所述的座椅，其特征在于，该对应的锁定单元被设计为一种自由轮，在超过了由该车辆的动力学引起的预定变量，特别是车辆的速度、加速度、质量惯性、离心力时，该自由轮锁定。
9.如1至8之一所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在该座椅的装配有所述装置的那一侧上固定该座椅结构的对应装置可以被电启动。
附图说明
本发明是通过参照在附图中的单个图所示出的示例性实施方案以高度简化的形式来展示的并在以下更详细地进行说明。
具体实施方案
用于机动车辆特别是用于乘客车辆的一个座椅具有一个实际的座位以及可枢转地连接到该实际座位上的一个靠背。关于所述实际座位，在图1中仅展示了座椅结构及其安装以及与本发明相关的其他细节。
该座椅结构1是一种用于接收坐垫的结构。例如，该座椅结构1被设计为一种类似片状的或框架形状的部件，该部件特别是通过浇注来生产的，并且由镁构成。所述座椅结构1基本上在该座椅的宽度上延伸。该座椅的中央平面由参考号2示出。所述平面通过点划线垂直地并且竖直于附图的页面而延伸。
一个前部连接件5在相对于车辆行进的向前的方向的在右侧3和左侧4可枢转地围绕座椅结构1的一个轴线6安装在座椅结构1中，并且对应的枢转臂5在其另一端的区域中围绕机动车辆的车体地板(未示出)或一个梁(Schiene)中的轴线7可枢转地安装。相应地，一个枢转臂8在座椅结构1的每一侧3和4围绕车体地板或座椅梁中的一个下轴线9可枢转地安装在座椅结构1的后端的区域中。背向下轴线9的枢转臂8的那一端被设计为一种有齿的区段。
围绕轴线10可枢转的一个小齿轮轴11构成了电驱动单元12的输出轴，该电驱动单元被安装在座椅结构1中的左侧并且具有一个电动机13和一个传动器14。所述小齿轮轴11用其小齿轮部分与左枢转臂8的有齿的区段相啮合。在右枢转臂8的区域中，一个花键轴15被可旋转地安装在多个支撑件16中，其方式为使得它是围绕轴线10可枢转的，其中该花键轴的齿距与小齿轮轴11的小齿轮的齿距相对应。花键轴15以一种抗扭的方式被连接到右枢转臂8上。
如此说明的座椅可以在其高度上进行调整，这是由于在四个枢转臂5和8中的安装，其中高度是通过一种枢转力而调整的，该枢转力是通过驱动单元12在座椅结构1的左侧4被引入位于那里的枢转臂8之中。不需要用于枢转位于右侧3的枢转臂8的一个第二驱动器，这是因为具有高的刚性度的座椅结构1将用于升高和降低座椅结构1的力从左侧4传送到右侧3而没有使座椅结构变形。
传动器14被设计为一种非自锁式传动器、并因此具有高的效率。
在对应的后部枢转臂8的区域中，一个锁定单元17被安装在座椅结构1中。所述锁定单元具有机械地可伸展的锁定销18，该锁定销在其伸展位置中与小齿轮轴11的小齿轮以及花键轴15的花键啮合。锁定单元17尤其是一种电作用锁定单元并且在未通电的状态下锁定。因此，锁定单元17于是只有当座椅被移动时才是处于其未锁定的位置中。因此，在发生事故的情况下，例如在车辆被牵涉到碰撞中的情况下，当座椅因此受到与座椅通过驱动单元12进行调整时相比更大的力时，这确保了座椅结构1以及因此该座椅作为一个整体通过这些有效的锁定销18被阻挡在设定的高度上。虽然所述阻挡发生在两侧，座椅结构1的刚性设计在这个状态中也是有利的，这是为了避免由于座椅结构1的变形而使座椅结构1与枢转框架5和8的安排产生变形。
图1用实线示出了驱动单元12以及锁定单元17，尽管所述单元是位于在座椅结构1下方的所展示的位置处。该座椅结构1的作用是在顶部接收机动车辆的坐垫，该坐垫基本上构造为使其侧、前以及后边界基本上与座椅结构1的侧、前、后边界一致。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于机动车辆的座椅，该座椅具有基本上在该座椅的宽度上延伸的一个可调式座椅结构(1)、安排在该座椅的一侧(4)用于在该座椅两侧调整该座椅结构(1)的一个电驱动单元(12)、以及用于在两侧固定该座椅结构(1)的装置(17)，其特征在于该座椅结构(1)是用于接收一个坐垫或一个靠垫的一种结构。
2.如权利要求1所述的座椅，其特征在于，该座椅结构(1)具有高的刚性度。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的座椅，其特征在于，该座椅结构(1)是由一个浇注部件、尤其是由一个轻金属浇注部件形成的。
4.如权利要求3所述的座椅，其特征在于，该电驱动单元(12)具有一个电动机(13)和一个传动器(14)。
5.如权利要求4所述的座椅，其特征在于，该电驱动单元(12)与一个器具(11，8)相互作用，该器具用于该座椅的高度调整、或者用于该座椅的纵向调整、或者用于针对该坐垫的座椅结构的倾斜度调整或者用于针对该靠垫的座椅结构的倾斜度调整。
6.如权利要求5所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在座椅两侧固定该座椅结构(1)的装置(17)被设计为一种锁定单元(17)，并且该传动器(14)被设计为一种非自锁式传动器。
7.如权利要求5所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在该座椅的背离该电驱动单元的一侧上固定该座椅的装置被设计为一种锁定单元，并且该传动器被设计为一种自锁式传动器，其中用于固定该座椅结构的装置是由用于该传动器自锁定的装置形成的。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的座椅，其特征在于，该对应的锁定单元被设计为一种自由轮，在超过了由该车辆的动力学引起的预定变量，特别是车辆的速度、加速度、质量惯性、离心力时，该自由轮锁定。
9.如权利要求1所述的座椅，其特征在于，用于在该座椅的装配有所述装置(17)的那一侧上固定该座椅结构(1)的对应装置(17)可以被电启动。
10.如权利要求9所述的座椅，其特征在于，该装置(17)是电作用装置并且在未通电的状态下锁定。
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