CN1020944C - 紧固件 - Google Patents

紧固件 Download PDF

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CN1020944C
CN1020944C CN91100552A CN91100552A CN1020944C CN 1020944 C CN1020944 C CN 1020944C CN 91100552 A CN91100552 A CN 91100552A CN 91100552 A CN91100552 A CN 91100552A CN 1020944 C CN1020944 C CN 1020944C
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CN1053827A (zh
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阿图尔·费希尔
维利·豪格
斯特凡·林德
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Fisher Holdings & CoKg GmbH
Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/38Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/381Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives

Abstract

一种具有一个胀锥和一个可推置在其上的撑开构件的紧固件可以在带底切的钻孔内形状适配地固定住。在钻孔具有很浅的钻孔深度的情况下,对紧固件提出一些特殊的要求。特别是在一种适用于固定屋面板的紧固件中,在其胀锥上放置一个作为撑开构件的弯成屋顶状的环。为了固定在钻孔内,将环推置在胀锥上,基本上将其压平,使环的侧向边缘撑在钻孔壁上。

Description

本发明涉及一种由金属制成的紧固件,特别是用于屋面板的紧固件,具有一个螺杆和一个可以***一个孔深较浅的钻孔的底切内的胀锥,一个近似于椭圆形的、螺杆穿过其中的金属制的撑开构件可推置在胀锥上。
可以形状适配地固定在具有底切的钻孔内的紧固件是公知的。在此情况下,一个可推置到撑开体上的撑开套管可以形状适配地嵌接到钻孔底部的底切内。但对于孔深很浅的钻孔来说,这种紧固件不是很适用。
在紧固板厚很薄的屋面板时,可以在该屋面板的背面设置带有底切的钻孔,但其孔深是很浅的。传统的带有撑开套管的紧固件对于上述使用范围不是很适用的。因为一般要在每块屋面板上设有多个紧固件,所以所用的紧固件在结构上和安装上要尽量简单。因此本发明的任务是,提供一种适用于具有底切的孔深较浅的钻孔的紧固件,这种紧固件可以形状适配地装入到具有底切的钻孔内并具有最简单的结构。同时这种紧固件要特别适用于固定屋面板。
上述任务由下述的技术方案得到解决。紧固件中的撑开构件是一个弯成屋顶状的环,其弯形后的端部贴靠在胀锥的锥形外表面上,通过向下压可使这些端部撑入钻孔的底切内。将紧固件安装到一个带底切的钻孔内,只需将紧固件的胀锥的端面放入到钻孔的底部,然后用管状工具将弯成屋顶状的环压下。环的外边缘此时压靠到在底切部位的钻孔壁上,由此使紧固件形状适配地固定在钻孔内。在这种应用中,该紧固件 主要含有一个钢制螺栓,在螺栓的一端设置有胀锥体。该弯成屋顶状的撑开构件是一个钢制的环,在未弯形状态下大致呈椭圆形。该环在弯曲部位可缩窄,即该环在中间有两个对置的缩窄部分。上述缩窄部分不仅便于将环弯成屋顶状,而且在钻孔内撑紧时能起挤厚区的作用。从而可使该环得以最佳方式撑紧在底切区内而不引起过高的撑开力。环在弯曲区上可以压有两个对置的凹槽,这些凹槽还有利于弯曲和在钻孔内得到最佳的撑紧。
为了使紧固件可靠而又结构简单地将屋面板固定住,可以附加地在螺杆上套装一个间隔套,该间隔套放置在胀锥上或撑开环上,并且稍微突出屋面板的背面,从而可防止紧固件从钻孔中拔出,即使拧装在螺杆上的螺母用较大的转矩来收紧,此时产生的张紧力就由间隔套来承受。
间隔套的外径与钻孔直径相适配,这样间隔套也就同时将钻孔内的紧固件定心,并承受作用在紧固件上的弯曲力。
也可以不用间隔套而用一个塑料垫圈套在螺杆上。塑料垫圈通过拧装在螺杆上的螺母使其不仅压靠在撑开构件上,而且还压紧在屋面板的外表面上。***到钻孔内的塑料垫圈的定心凸台此时压到弯成屋顶状的环段的***部位上,这样,通过定心凸台的塑性和弹性变形,一方面在撑开构件上产生一个均匀的压力,另一方面达到一个持久而防振的压紧。同时使塑料垫圈以其密封唇部牢固地压靠在屋面板的外表面上,从而保证钻孔有一个最佳的密封。此外,通过塑料垫圈还使螺栓由于采用塑料的垫圈而在侧面具有挠性支承。
为了提高塑料垫圈的弹性和压缩能力以补偿钻孔深度或撑开件高度的偏差,最好是在塑料垫圈的与定心凸台对置的一侧设有一个凹座,该凹座可使塑料垫圈向下挠曲到与用于压紧的螺母贴合。
下面借助于附图中所示的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
在附图中:
图1示出一个要嵌装到屋面板内的具有弯成屋顶状的环的紧固件;
图2示出处于未被弯曲状态的图1的环的俯视图;
图3示出图2的环的侧面视图;
图4示出一个带有固定好的紧固件的屋面板,紧固件上已套装上一个间隔套;
图5示出间隔套的,有一侧是制成坡口的另一个实施例;
图6示出撑开构件的一个结构变型;
图7示出固定在屋面板上并用一个塑料垫圈张紧的紧固件。
图1示出的屋面板具有一个钻孔,该钻孔在其底部3的范围内具有一个底切4。制造这类底切可以借助于传统的扩孔装置来完成,这不是本发明的主题。
一个其上设有胀锥6的紧固件5可以嵌入到该钻孔2内,位于该胀锥6上的是一个弯成屋顶状的环7,一个螺杆9向上穿过该环的环形开口8(图2),该环7被弯曲到足以使其连同紧固件嵌装在以截面示出的屋面板1的孔2内。
环7在未被弯曲状态下具有一个大致是椭圆的形状,如图2的俯视图所示。两个对置的呈圆形的侧面10、11明显地宽于缩窄的直线段12、13。上述缩窄段12、13有利于环7的弯曲,同时在压下并撑紧在钻孔内时(图4)起挤厚区的作用。
从图3的侧视图上可见,在环7的缩窄区内、在底侧上设有凹槽14。这些位于两个缩窄段12、13上的凹槽14也和缩窄段那样有利于对环7进行屋顶状弯曲,并且有利于在该区对环料进行挤厚。
图4示出一个形状适配地嵌接到屋面板1内的紧固件,此时压下的环7以其侧边缘10、11贴靠在底切4区内的钻孔2的孔壁上。在向下压环7时,不仅可使环沿弯曲侧10、11方向进行扩展,而且还在节段12、13的部位进行扩展。节段12、13在向下压向胀锥6以贴靠在其上时被装 配工具15向下并从而向外压。装配工具15是一个管状构件,该工具在间隔环16装到紧固件5上以前被用于将环7向下压到如图4所示的形状。随后将间隔环16推置在螺杆9上并嵌入钻孔2中,从而实现螺杆9的定心和侧向支承。
图5示出另一种结构的间隔元件17。该间隔元件17的孔和胀锥6的形状相适配,因而可以进一步压入钻孔2内并贴靠在环7的上侧。两种间隔环或套16、17在其尺寸上设计成,使这些环或套在钻孔2的开口周边19上稍微突出。
图6示出撑开构件的结构变型是具有三段弯成屋顶状部分的环7。这些节段的弯形后的端部29处在一个平面上并且处在同一圆直径上。因而端部20有三点支承在胀锥6的锥形外表面上。在将撑开构件向下压以将紧固件5固定在钻孔2内时,三个端部20均匀地撑入底切4内,因而使力的分布较为有利,并使紧固件5在钻孔内定心。
为了将螺栓9固定在屋面板的设有底切4的钻孔2内,借助于一个楔入工具将撑开构件7套装到螺栓的胀锥6上。随后将塑料垫圈21套在螺栓9的杆身上,这样定心凸台22就被嵌入屋面板1的钻孔2内。随着借助一个螺母23将塑料垫圈压紧,使定心凸台22的一个端面压紧在撑开构件7上,还使密封唇部25压紧在屋面板1的外表面上。通过定心凸台22的端面24的塑性变形来形成一种使撑开构件7持久地压在胀锥6上的压紧效应,从而保证其固定可靠。为了补偿钻孔深度与撑开构件高度的偏差,塑料垫圈21附加地具有一个凹座26,使塑料垫圈21在必要时可以挠曲到跟螺母23贴合。
屋面板1通过另一个螺母28固定在一个例如固定在墙壁上的子结构的构架27上,该构架27夹紧在螺母28与32之间。
也可以将撑开构件7直接借助于塑料垫圈21和螺母23推压到螺栓的胀锥6上,因不需要楔入工具来进行固定。

Claims (9)

1、一种由金属制成的紧固件,特别是用于屋面板的紧固件,具有一个螺杆和一个可以***一个孔深较浅的钻孔的底切内的胀锥,一个近似于椭圆形的、螺杆穿过其中的金属制的撑开构件可推置在胀锥上,其特征在于,撑开构件是一个弯成屋顶状的环(7),其弯形后的端部(10、11)贴靠在胀锥(6)的锥形外表面上,通过向下压可使这些端部撑入钻孔的底切(4)内。
2、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)的壁在弯曲区(12、13)内缩窄。
3、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)的壁在弯曲区具有凹槽(14)。
4、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,在环(7)上方的螺杆(9)上套装一个间隔环或套(16、17),其外直径等于钻孔(2)的最小直径。
5、按权利要求4的紧固件,其特征在于,间隔环或套(16、17)一方面支承在胀锥(6)上或支承在撑开的环(7)上,另一方面稍微突出钻孔(2)的孔边(19)。
6、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,撑开构件至少具有三个弯成屋顶状的环段,其弯形后的端部(20)处于一个平面上,并处于同一圆直径上。
7、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,一个塑料垫圈(21)罩住螺杆(9),其放置在屋面板(1)上的边缘设计成密封唇部(25),该塑料垫圈具有一个接合到钻孔(2)内并且压在已推置在胀锥(6)上的撑开构件(7)上的定心凸台(22)。
8、按权利要求7的紧固件,其特征在于,在塑料垫圈(21)的跟定心凸台(22)对置的端面上设有一个凹座(26)。
9、按权利要求7和8的紧固件,其特征在于,凹座(26)和密封唇部(25)的高度大致相当于塑料垫圈(21)在凹座部位的厚度。
CN91100552A 1990-01-30 1991-01-30 紧固件 Ceased CN1020944C (zh)

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DEP4002687.6 1990-01-30
DEP4011229.2 1990-04-06
DEP4030498.1 1990-09-26
JP2004218895 2004-07-27
JP2004343942 2004-11-29
PCT/JP2005/013716 WO2006011502A1 (ja) 2004-07-27 2005-07-27 新規なグルシトール誘導体、そのプロドラッグおよびその塩、ならびにそれらを含有する糖尿病治療薬

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CN1020944C true CN1020944C (zh) 1993-05-26

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