CN101786097A - Phytoremediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Phytoremediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101786097A CN101786097A CN 201010116810 CN201010116810A CN101786097A CN 101786097 A CN101786097 A CN 101786097A CN 201010116810 CN201010116810 CN 201010116810 CN 201010116810 A CN201010116810 A CN 201010116810A CN 101786097 A CN101786097 A CN 101786097A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural and environmental protection technology, in particular relates to a phytoremediation method for heavy metal (such as cadmium and lead) contaminated soil; the technical proposal includes that: Triarrhena sacchariflora is planted in the soil containing contaminant cadmium and lead, when the triarrhena sacchariflora grows to become mature, the triarrhena sacchariflora is integrally removed from the contaminated soil; the triarrhena sacchariflora is planted in contaminated soil containing heavy metals such as cadmium and lead through open-air common cultivation for regulating soil moisture content and nutrition compositions. Compared with other invention methods, the phytoremediation technology in the invention has the fundamental advantage of directly bringing economic benefits, namely the triarrhena sacchariflora stems can be purchased as paper making source material so that people takes the advantage as the power for reutilizing the soil contaminated by heavy metals such as cadmium and lead. Besides, the invention is simple, feasible, efficient and safe; Mugwort is utilized for phytoremediation to have small disturbance to environment and small destructive power to soil; the accumulated heavy metal can be recovered through advanced technology during incineration power generation for bring a certain economic benefit; the phytoremediation technology has low cost and is applicable to large-area heavy metal contaminated soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural and environmental protection technical field.Be specifically related to a kind of method of heavy-metal contaminated soil being carried out phytoremediation.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution of soil is the environmental problem that needs to be resolved hurrily that the whole world faces, and the restorative procedure of traditional contaminated soil can not tackle the problem at its root.With chemical solvent polluted soil is cleaned, the heavy metal flush away, this is a solution more completely, but elution method except expend huge and quantities big, also have secondary pollution problem.Comparatively speaking, just becoming the focus of whole world research and development with its safety, cheap characteristics by the plant technology of plant specific function repairing polluted soil.
A lot of types such as that phytoremediation can be subdivided into is plants enriched, plant stability, plant intercept.It is the plant extraction technology of purpose that but the emphasis direction of present phytoremediation mainly concentrates on to remove heavy metal.The phytoremediation abstraction technique at first needs screening and cultivates extraordinary plant, the plant that particularly heavy metal is had unconventional absorption and accumulation ability---be commonly called as ' super enriching plant ', be planted on the contaminated soil, allow plant that the pollutant in the soil is absorbed, again the heavy metal element in the plant is recycled.The heavy metal of most of plant absorbing all concentrates on root, and the uptake of super enriching plant aerial part will be higher than the uptake of root system.Can become super enriching plant, the one, plant biomass under the toxic heavy metal pollution stress can not reduce; The 2nd, the content of beary metal of plant absorbing should be higher than the content in the soil.Such super enriching plant just has practical value, can apply.Chen Tongbin takes the lead in developing the recovery technique of pteridophyte ciliate desert-grass to As polluted soil in the world, and its blade arsenic content substantially exceeds the nitrogen phosphorus nutrient content in the plant up to 8/1000ths.
At present, the patent of having reported mainly concentrates on three aspect recovery techniques: the microorganism recovery technique, as 200610150012.8, be the pollutant that utilizes the microbial technique transfer, absorbs, degrades and transform in the soil, but can't carry out at the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil; The direct recovery technique of crops, as 200410015561.5, be to utilize crop genetic resources such as corn, paddy rice, tomato, soybean and melon vegetables, the trophosome of these plants has stronger absorption and accumulation ability to some heavy metal, these crops all are used for eating, and can directly cause heavy metal pollution food; Non-crops recovery technique, as 200410021546.1, it is the method for utilizing plant of Solanaceae black nightshade cadmium pollution soil repair, plant black nightshade containing on the soil of cadmium contaminants, when black nightshade grows to florescence or maturity period, plant integral body is removed from contaminated soil, thereby realized removing cadmium pollutant in soil, this repair mode is a comparison safety and effective, and positive this mode of active adoption is carried out the soil of removing heavy metal pollution under national governments' financial support at present.Because there are a large amount of contaminated farming lands in China, the fund of on average getting off is also few, and peasant's attitude is very passive.
So adopt phytoremediation technology to want as a kind of main pollution treatment means, must there be the high ecological benefit simultaneously, also high economic benefit to be arranged, could be accepted by the peasant.Present phytoremediation technology does not possess the condition of this respect.
We select for use reed as heavy-metal contaminated soils such as reparation cadmium lead, and its root system system has the system of fibrous root of general grass, and the rhizome of tool prosperity and indefinite root system significantly enlarge the volume of its fixing soil.Rhizome and one-level adventitious root are for secondary radicula twines, fixing soil provides huge horizontal skeleton, and the distributed depth that adventitious root ties up in the soil obviously is deeper than other system of fibrous root grass.Originate in each province on the south China middle and lower reach of Yangtze River; Be born on the lakeshore of continent, river height above sea level 30-40 rice.String can be converted into clean energy resource in reed stem, and reed leaf is concentrated burning electricity generation, and ashes therefrom obtain the certain economic repayment as the raw material that extracts heavy metal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new method of repairing heavy-metal contaminated soils such as cadmium lead, this method can be repaired the destination heavy metal pollution of soil when not influencing cultivated land utilization safely and efficiently.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: on the soil that contains heavy metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, plant reed, and long after the maturity period when reed, reed integral body is removed from contaminated soil; Plant reed on the soil that contains heavy metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, adopt open-air conventional cultivation, regulate soil moisture, its water content is the 30-50% of field capacity; On the soil that contains metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, before plantation reed, in every mu of soil, add urea 2-6kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5-2kg respectively.
Described plantation reed is meant reed of seedling phase or reed of root pocket is planted on the soil that contains metals such as cadmium contaminants lead.
Described on the soil that contains metal such as cadmium contaminants lead plantation gained reed leaf concentrate burning electricity generation, ashes are as the raw material that extracts heavy metal, reed stem is as paper making raw material.
Technique effect:
1, the present invention can make the soil of heavy metal contaminants effectively utilize, and can repair the destination heavy metal pollution of soil again simultaneously, and effect is fine.
2, the absorbability of reed is strong, has very high accumulation ability, and turn-over capacity is also very high, and it can for good and all solve the environmental problem of heavy metal pollution of soil to absorption, enrichment and the transhipment of heavy metal.
3, the plantation of reed can be stablized the face of land, and the soil that prevents heavy metal pollution causes Pollutants Diffusion because of soil erosion or wind erosion, has reduced underground water pollution degree.
4, utilize reed be planted in repairing polluted soil the time also afforested environment, and recyclable to the extraction of heavy metal by reed, create certain economic benefits.
5, utilize the plantation of reed can obtain a large amount of paper making raw materials, contaminated soil is continued the driving source of repairing as the peasant.
6, the well developed root system of reed, can be in a large number fixing rainwater, effectively reduce the consumption of water.
7, the cost of this technology is lower, and the survival rate height is applicable to large-area contaminated soil reparation.
The specific embodiment
Below, the present invention will be further detailed with embodiment, but it is not limited to any or the similar example of these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Test is positioned at a pollution abandoned land in liuyang hunan suburbs, and the soil lead concentration is 300mg/kg, belongs to the moderate lead contamination, and the soil cadmium concentration is 20mg/kg, belongs to the moderate cadmium pollution.The pollution abandoned land of not planting reed is contrast.
Impurely going up 1.44 strain reed root pockets on every square metre of kind annual March, by being spilled into urea 2kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5kg in every mu of soil respectively, after first the implantation, water to 80% of field capacity, the water content of controlling soil later on is the 30-50% of field capacity.Collect leaf and the stem of reed every year September respectively, do not have great changes from seeing reed leaf and stem in appearance, and adopt national standard method that the cadmium lead content of soil and reed leaf and reed stem is carried out determination and analysis.
The cadmium content of repairing back soil and reed leaf and reed stem in 1 year is respectively: 11.8mg/kg, 135mg/kg, 98mg/kg, the lead content of repairing back soil and reed leaf and reed stem in 1 year is respectively: 182mg/kg, 175mg/kg, 67mg/kg.As seen, utilizing reed platymiscium is feasible to its contaminated soil reparation.
Embodiment 2:
Test is positioned at pollution abandoned land outside the cadmium chemical plant, Hunan Province, and the soil cadmium concentration is 50mg/kg, belongs to the moderate cadmium pollution.The pollution abandoned land of not planting reed is contrast.
Impurely going up 2 strain reed root pockets on every square metre of kind annual March, by being spilled into urea 6kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg in every mu of soil respectively, after first the implantation, water to 80% of field capacity, the water content of controlling soil later on is the 30-50% of field capacity.Collect leaf and the stem of reed every year September respectively, do not have great changes from seeing reed leaf and stem in appearance, and adopt national standard method that the cadmium lead content of soil and reed leaf and reed stem is carried out determination and analysis.
The cadmium content of repairing back soil and reed leaf and reed stem in 1 year is respectively: 34mg/kg, 194mg/kg, 136mg/kg, as seen, heavy metal concentration can directly influence the extracted amount of reed platymiscium to heavy metal in the contaminated soil.Heavy metal concentration is high more in the contaminated soil, and is just high more to the ability of its enrichment.
Embodiment 3:
Test is positioned at a pollution abandoned land in liuyang hunan suburbs, and the soil lead concentration is 200mg/kg, belongs to the moderate lead contamination.The pollution abandoned land of not planting reed is contrast.
Impurely going up 1.5 strain reed root pockets on every square metre of kind annual March, by being spilled into urea 4kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2kg in every mu of soil respectively, after first the implantation, water to 80% of field capacity, the water content of controlling soil later on is the 30-50% of field capacity.Collect leaf and the stem of reed every year September respectively, do not have great changes from seeing reed leaf and stem in appearance, and adopt national standard method that the cadmium lead content of soil and reed leaf and reed stem is carried out determination and analysis.The lead content of repairing back soil and reed leaf and reed stem in 1 year is respectively: 81mg/kg, 149mg/kg, 54mg/kg.
Claims (3)
1. the method for heavy-metal contaminated soils such as handy reparation cadmium lead is characterized in that: on the soil that contains heavy metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, plant reed, and long after the maturity period when reed, reed integral body is removed from contaminated soil; Plant reed on the soil that contains heavy metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, adopt open-air conventional cultivation, regulate soil moisture, its water content is the 30-50% of field capacity; On the soil that contains heavy metal such as cadmium contaminants lead, before plantation reed, in every mu of soil, add urea 2-6kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5-2kg respectively.
2. the method for utilizing reed to repair heavy-metal contaminated soils such as cadmium lead as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described plantation reed is meant reed of seedling phase or reed of root pocket are planted on the soil that contains heavy metals such as cadmium contaminants lead.
3. the method for utilizing reed to repair heavy-metal contaminated soils such as cadmium lead as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described on the soil that contains metal such as cadmium contaminants lead plantation gained reed leaf can concentrate burning electricity generation, ashes are as the raw material that extracts heavy metal, and reed stem is as paper making raw material.
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| CN 201010116810 CN101786097A (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2010-03-03 | Phytoremediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil |
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| CN 201010116810 CN101786097A (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2010-03-03 | Phytoremediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102310075A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-01-11 | 吴洪生 | Application of poplar in restoring environment of heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN102389893A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-03-28 | 河南工业大学 | Method for stabilizing lead in polluted soil by combining calcium nitrate with monopotassium phosphate |
| CN102553902A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-07-11 | 四川农业大学 | Method for applying paddy rice in repairing soil contaminated by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102671930A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of eucalyptus grandis in remediation for soil polluted by heavy metal of cadmium |
| CN102755990A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-10-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Method of repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by utilizing turmeric |
| CN103894401A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Phytoremediation method for managing composite cadmium-lead-arsenic contaminated soil |
| CN104070057A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 杭州蓝天园林生态科技股份有限公司 | Treatment method for improving repair effect on cadmium-contaminated soil |
| CN104174641A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation device and isolated remediation method |
| CN104785513A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Phytoremediation method for cadmium-zinc compound contaminated soil |
| CN106345796A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for repairing middle/light cadmium-polluted soil by utilizing perennial energy triarrhena sacchariflora and application thereof |
| CN107552560A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-09 | 广州德隆环境检测技术有限公司 | A kind of method using plant combined microorganism remediation heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN114029338A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Optimized restoration method for black nightshade in moderate cadmium polluted soil |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102553902A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-07-11 | 四川农业大学 | Method for applying paddy rice in repairing soil contaminated by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102389893A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-03-28 | 河南工业大学 | Method for stabilizing lead in polluted soil by combining calcium nitrate with monopotassium phosphate |
| CN102310075A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-01-11 | 吴洪生 | Application of poplar in restoring environment of heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN102310075B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-11-21 | 吴洪生 | Application of poplar in restoring environment of heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN102671930A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of eucalyptus grandis in remediation for soil polluted by heavy metal of cadmium |
| CN102755990A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-10-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Method of repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by utilizing turmeric |
| CN103894401A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Phytoremediation method for managing composite cadmium-lead-arsenic contaminated soil |
| CN103894401B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of plant restoration method administering the plumbous arsenic combined contamination soil of cadmium |
| CN104070057A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 杭州蓝天园林生态科技股份有限公司 | Treatment method for improving repair effect on cadmium-contaminated soil |
| CN104174641A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation device and isolated remediation method |
| CN104174641B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-03-16 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil prosthetic device and isolation restorative procedure |
| CN104785513A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Phytoremediation method for cadmium-zinc compound contaminated soil |
| CN106345796A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for repairing middle/light cadmium-polluted soil by utilizing perennial energy triarrhena sacchariflora and application thereof |
| CN107552560A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-09 | 广州德隆环境检测技术有限公司 | A kind of method using plant combined microorganism remediation heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN114029338A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Optimized restoration method for black nightshade in moderate cadmium polluted soil |
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Application publication date: 20100728 |