CN102699015A - Method for repairing cadmium, lead and copper combined-polluted soil with broom cypress - Google Patents
Method for repairing cadmium, lead and copper combined-polluted soil with broom cypress Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the polluted soil regeneration and utilization technology in the field of agricultural soil, and particularly relates to a method for repairing cadmium, lead and copper combined-polluted soil with broom cypress. In the method, broom cypress with stronger absorption capability is planted in the cadmium, lead and copper combined-polluted soil, and mature broom cypress is removed from the polluted soil, so as to achieve the purpose of removing heavy metals from the polluted soil. The method is low in investment, low in engineering work load, not high in management technical requirements, and free of secondary pollution, does not damage the physical-chemical properties of the soil, can conserve both moisture and soil and beautify environment, solves the problem of repairing control and utilization of the cadmium, lead and copper combined-polluted soil, and has excellent social benefits, economic benefits and ecologic benefits.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the regeneration and the utilization technology of contaminated soil in the agricultural soil field, particularly a kind of method of utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil.
Background technology:
Heavy metal is an important polluter of agricultural environment and agricultural product; Cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper heavy metal pollutions such as (Cu) have become worldwide environmental problem; In the farmland heavy metal pollution be mainly derived from sewage irrigation, open a mine and three waste discharge such as smelting; Municipal sludge and rubbish, organic fertilizer (containing the copper, arsenic of a large amount etc. especially in recent years in the feed addictive) wait with phosphate fertilizer (containing cadmium etc. in the rock phosphate in powder) and use in a large number, and the sedimentation of atmosphere pollution particle etc., because the natural purification process ten minutes of heavy metal in soil is very long; Generally need the more than one thousand years time; Therefore its pollution has disguise, irreversibility and chronicity, and its a large amount of accumulation in plant roots, stem, leaf and seed not only has a strong impact on the g and D of plant; And pass to the human or animal through food chain, human health has been brought serious harm.According to State Environmental Protection Administration in 2006, national contaminated arable land had 1.5 hundred million mu approximately at present, and sewage irrigation is polluted and ploughed 3,250 ten thousand mu, and solid waste is stored up occupation of land and ruined 2,000,000 mu in field, added up to account for 1/10 of total cultivated area.It is estimated that the whole nation is annual because of heavy metal pollution grain reaches 1,200 ten thousand tons, causes direct economic loss to surpass 20,000,000,000 yuan.Therefore, the improvement of heavy-metal contaminated soil has become the task of top priority.
Improvement to heavy-metal contaminated soil; Except that physical method such as conventional engineering measure such as leaching method, soil moved in to improve the original method, absorption fixation and chemical methodes such as biological reducing method, complex compound extraction; Utilize plant restoration method that heavy metal accumulation plant or super enriching plant carry out since its operating cost low, easy and simple to handle, do not cause secondary pollution; Very big ecological benefits are arranged, caused the great attention and the favor of countries in the world governments, scientific and technological circle and business circles.Since coming out the eighties in 20th century; Phytoremediation has become the hot issue of international academic community research; 5 pieces of papers on NATURE and SCIENCE, have been delivered since nineteen ninety-five altogether; CRC in 1999 begins to publish " international phytoremediation magazine (Int.J.Phytoremediation) ", one of preferential recommend method of being repaired as the pollutant original position by Environmental Protection Agency.
Hyperaccumulative plant is meant those and can excess accumulates heavy metal and it is migrated to the plant of overground part, also can be described as ultra accumulation plant or super enriching plant.Must possess following characteristic as hyperaccumulative plant: 1. heavy metal concentration surpasses certain critical value in the plant.2. the heavy metal major part of plant absorbing is distributed in aerial part.Higher overground part/root concentration rate is promptly arranged.Generally, the heavy metal concentration in the root is often high more than 10 times than the respective element concentration in the cauline leaf, but in hyperaccumulative plant, heavy metal concentration has surpassed the element level in the root in the cauline leaf.3. this type plant can grow vigorously on the soil of heavy metal pollution, and phytomass is big, generally can not poison phenomenon.4. have very strong pest-resistant, resistance against diseases.Cadmium, lead, copper hyperaccumulative plant kind are totally fewer.At present found that the hyperaccumulative plant of cadmium has: sky blue penny cress (Thlaspi caerulescens), Sedum alfredii Hance (Sedum alfredii Hance), mustard type rape (Brassica juncea), Viola baoshanensis (Viola baoshanensis), black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) etc.; Plumbous hyperaccumulative plant has: with leaf penny cress (Thlaspi rotundifolium), ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.), Sedum alfredii Hance (Sedum alfrediiHance), ciliate desert-grass (PterisvittataL.), beggar-ticks (Bidens bipinnata), scouring rush (Equisetum hiemale L.) and the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge (Cyperus rolundus L.) etc.; The hyperaccumulative plant of copper has: high mountain sweet potato (lpomoea alpina), hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L.), elsholtzia splendens (Elsholtzia splendens), pale reddish brown elscholtiza (Elsholtzia argyi), dayflower (Commelina communis) etc.
At present face following Three Difficult Issues: at first in the application that utilizes the phytoremediation heavy-metal contaminated soil; Hyperaccumulative plant is a kind ofly under bad growth conditions is coerced, to induce generation, owing to receive influence and the poor growth of poor environment, nutriment and growth factor.General hyperaccumulative plant majority is a draft, between tens centimetres to tens centimetres.Biomass is lower, and repairing effect is limited.At present many effects that therefore cause repairing are not really desirable when utilizing hyperaccumulative plant to repair, and taken very limited land resources.Secondly, hyperaccumulative plant finds that in natural environment very strong regionality and region are arranged, and the species that have are very high to environment requirement, the limitation of its its use of specific growing environment decision.The hyperaccumulative plant kind of having found at present is nowhere near, and greatly limits the application of this heavy-metal contaminated soil repair mode, and it is extremely urgent to screen new hyperaccumulative plant kind.At last, hyperaccumulative plant generally can only have enrichment to one or both heavy metal elements, generally all is to contain multiple element but receive in the soil of heavy metal pollution at present, so hyperaccumulative plant is limited to the situation repair ability that receives the heavy metal element combined pollution.For example in the patent application of most similar plants reparations, all can't overcome this difficult problem; Application number is 200910309138.9,201110050461.6,201110025413.1,200910309141.0; The patent No. 200910309125.1,200710029732.3 all only relates to the application in cadmium pollution soil repair, then seems unable to do what one wishes in the soil environment in the face of cadmium lead bronze combined pollution.In addition; The hyperaccumulative plant that has can not only be used for the soil of repairing heavy metal pollution, the mine and reclaim rare, rare earth element and the metal in the abandoned mine clitter in the chemical emission of reclaiming; And the most vitality of hyperaccumulative plant are indomitable, are fit to the usefulness of doing water and soil conservation and beautifying the environment.
Kochia scoparia (Kochia scoparia f.trichophila Schinz.et.Thell.) is an annual herb, belongs to the Chenopodiaceae Kochia, high 50-150 centimetre.Stem is upright, and branch is many and tight; The blade bar shaped; The plant holotype is avette or obovate.Be born in residence other unoccupied place, limit, garden more and fall into disuse the field, can make broom and use.Biomass is big, and adaptability is strong, and it is several all over the whole nation to distribute; Korea, Japan, Mongolia, Soviet Union Siberia and Central Asia, India, Europe also has.Less demanding for edaphic condition, can adapt to multiple quality soil, utmost point salt tolerant alkali also has good patience to heavy metal, and the increase of saline and alkaline helps the absorption of heavy metal.Cut down complete stool after autumn and tie up and can be used as broom, also a large amount of at present plantations are used for afforestation and view and admire.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of small investment, non-secondary pollution, and the considerable kochia scoparia that utilizes of economic benefit is repaired the method for cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil.
The present invention is achieved in that
Utilize kochia scoparia to repair the method for cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil; Plantation has the kochia scoparia of strong absorbability in containing cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil, reaches the purpose of removing the heavy metal in the contaminated soil thereby the kochia scoparia after the maturation removed from contaminated soil.
The concrete plantation step of above-mentioned kochia scoparia in contaminated soil is following:
1. choose seeds or grow seedlings: the seed of selecting the heavy metal in the cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil is had the kochia scoparia of strong absorbability; Select the seed of the kochia scoparia that purity is higher, late coming is strong, branch is many, toughness is big, yielding ability is good, or preferred kochia scoparia seed is carried out the cultivation of seedling;
2. sowing or transplant: the seed of 1. step being selected the first tenday period of a month in the first tenday period of a month in April to May sow or the kind transplantation of seedlings of cultivating in contaminated soil, applies fertilizer to the subsoil earlier before the sowing or before transplanting wholely;
3. field management: at 12-18 centimetres of intertill and clean tillages of height of seedling once, 25-35 centimetres of weedings for the second time of height of seedling are noted in time watering during the sky drought, and rainwater is noted draining for a long time;
4. suitable period harvest: in the seed maturity of kochia scoparia in the last ten-days period in October, the kochia scoparia that harvesting is ripe, the seed of getting kochia scoparia continues to plant in contaminated soil, and fertilising and management method are 1. extremely 3. identical with step; Or the stem stalk of getting kochia scoparia uses it for anything else (as: making broom) in addition, and the seed of getting kochia scoparia is subsequent use, or can directly plant in contaminated soil, grows up to after prune typing and be used to view and admire.
Above-mentioned step applying fertilizer to the subsoil in 2. is wholely: pick up clean stubble grass roots earlier, mu is executed 2000 ± 10 kilograms of farm manures, 50 ± 5 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and is made base fertilizer for 50 ± 5 kilograms, ploughs the back rake and hoes soil moisture conservation.
Above-mentioned step can be increased in 3. kochia scoparia florescence spraying fertilizer step.
Above-mentioned spraying fertilizer is to impose physiological phenomenon fertilizer in the florescence of kochia scoparia.Wherein physiological phenomenon fertilizer is one of following fertilizer or its combination: potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sulfate of ammoniac.
Impose physiological phenomenon fertilizer the above-mentioned florescence at kochia scoparia: the florescence of kochia scoparia mu impose 10-20 kilograms in nitrogenous fertilizer.
The present invention compares the outstanding advantage of prior art:
The present invention repairs cadmium lead bronze contaminated soil through the plantation kochia scoparia, utilizes it to the absorption of heavy metal and also upwards transhipment, and the harvesting overground part also is used, and just can take away heavy metals a large amount of in the soil, repairs purpose thereby reach contaminated soil.This method is compared with traditional contaminated soil improvement method, small investment, and quantities is little, and administrative skill is less demanding, does not destroy soil physico-chemical property, non-secondary pollution, and can conserve water and soil, beautify the environment.Compare with the phytoremediation of routine, can also the fine limited land resources of utilizing, increase farmers' income, more help applying.Be a kind of applied range, small investment, economic benefit is considerable, " production limit, limit recovery technique " simple to operate.The invention solves the repairing and treating of cadmium, lead, cuprum compound polluted soil and the problem of utilization, have good social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits.In the heavy-metal composite pollution soil remediation, have broad application prospects.
The specific embodiment:
With specific embodiment the present invention is further described below:
Embodiment 1:
Be respectively in 0.83mg/kg, 208.00mg/kg and the 224.33mg/kg agricultural land soil at cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) content, the first tenday period of a month in April, the plantation kochia scoparia; Mu is executed 2000 kilograms of farm manures, 50 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and is made base fertilizer for 50 kilograms; Plough the back rake and hoe soil moisture conservation, using sufficient under the situation of base fertilizer, can take the circumstances into consideration to impose 15 kilograms in nitrogenous fertilizer in the florescence of kochia scoparia; During fertilising; Select physiological phenomenon fertile, physiological phenomenon fertilizer helps improving the validity of heavy metal-polluted soil, helps being absorbed removing as far as possible.Growing period is managed according to traditional crop management method, gathers in the crops the last ten-days period in October.Through measuring; The biomass of kochia scoparia is 22500kg/ha; Aerial part cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) content are respectively 6.34mg/kg, 10.96mg/kg and 37.43mg/kg, and the cadmium that from soil, can take away (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) are respectively 120.15g/ha, 246.60g/ha and 842.18g/ha.Wherein: g/ha is a gram/hectare.
Embodiment 2:
Be respectively in 0.49mg/kg, 92.02mg/kg and the 60.64mg/kg agricultural land soil at cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) content, the first tenday period of a month in April, the plantation kochia scoparia; Mu is executed 2000 kilograms of farm manures, 50 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and is made base fertilizer for 50 kilograms; Plough the back rake and hoe soil moisture conservation, using sufficient under the situation of base fertilizer, can take the circumstances into consideration to impose 15 kilograms in nitrogenous fertilizer in the florescence of kochia scoparia; During fertilising; Select physiological phenomenon fertile, physiological phenomenon fertilizer helps improving the validity of heavy metal-polluted soil, helps being absorbed removing as far as possible.Growing period is managed according to traditional crop management method, gathers in the crops the last ten-days period in October.Through measuring; The biomass of kochia scoparia is 24000kg/ha; Aerial part cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) content are respectively 6.23mg/kg, 5.60mg/kg and 24.42mg/kg, and the cadmium that from soil, can take away (Cd), plumbous (Pb), copper (Cu) are respectively 149.63g/ha, 143.91g/ha and 586.18g/ha.
Above-mentioned explanation, at different pollution level soil, kochia scoparia all has Cd, Pb, Cu and absorbs preferably and accumulate, and grows fine, and is suitable to rehabilitation plant.
The foregoing description is merely one of preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to limit practical range of the present invention with this, so: all equivalences of doing according to shape of the present invention or structure or principle change, and all should be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilize kochia scoparia to repair the method for cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil; It is characterized in that: plantation has the kochia scoparia of strong absorbability in containing cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil, reaches the purpose of removing the heavy metal in the contaminated soil thereby the kochia scoparia after the maturation removed from contaminated soil.
2. the method for utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete plantation step of described kochia scoparia in contaminated soil is following:
1. choose seeds or grow seedlings: select the seed of the kochia scoparia that purity is higher, late coming is strong, branch is many, toughness is big, yielding ability is good, or preferred kochia scoparia seed is carried out the cultivation of seedling;
2. sowing or transplant: the seed of 1. step being selected the first tenday period of a month in the first tenday period of a month in April to May sow or the kind transplantation of seedlings of cultivating in contaminated soil, applies fertilizer to the subsoil earlier before the sowing or before transplanting wholely;
3. field management: at height of seedling 12-18 centimetre intertill and clean tillage once, height of seedling 25-35 centimetre of weeding for the second time noted in time watering during the sky drought, and rainwater is noted draining for a long time;
4. suitable period harvest: in the seed maturity of kochia scoparia in the last ten-days period in October, the kochia scoparia that harvesting is ripe, the seed of getting kochia scoparia continues to plant in contaminated soil, and fertilising and management method are 1. extremely 3. identical with step; Or the stem stalk of getting kochia scoparia uses it for anything else in addition, and the seed of getting kochia scoparia is subsequent use.
3. the method for utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: described step applying fertilizer to the subsoil in 2. is wholely: pick up clean stubble grass roots earlier; Mu is executed 2000 ± 10 kilograms of farm manures, 50 ± 5 kilograms in phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and is made base fertilizer for 50 ± 5 kilograms, ploughs the back rake and hoes soil moisture conservation.
4. the method for utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described step can be increased in 3. kochia scoparia florescence spraying fertilizer step.
5. the method for utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described spraying fertilizer is to impose physiological phenomenon fertilizer in the florescence of kochia scoparia.
6. the method for utilizing kochia scoparia to repair cadmium lead bronze combined contamination soil according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: imposing physiological phenomenon fertilizer described florescence at kochia scoparia is: the florescence of kochia scoparia mu impose nitrogenous fertilizer 10-20 kilogram.
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| CN102974598A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Bioremediation method of lead zinc ore flotation tailing |
| CN102974597A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Biological restoration method of bauxite mill tailings |
| CN102974599A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Bioremediation method of iron ore tailing |
| CN104550218A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 广西乐业县顾式茶有限公司 | Method for adsorption transfer of heavy metals in soil |
| CN105964681A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for improving soil cadmium removal capability of tobacco by use of fertilization and harvesting technology |
| CN109570228A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-05 | 南开大学 | Halophytes summer cypress is repairing the application of cadmium-polybrominated diphenyl ethers combined contamination soil |
| CN110639947A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-03 | 中国计量大学 | Test method for verifying reduction of cadmium absorption of Chinese cabbages |
| CN114082772A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Pesticide soil residue combined treatment equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102974598A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Bioremediation method of lead zinc ore flotation tailing |
| CN102974597A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Biological restoration method of bauxite mill tailings |
| CN102974599A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Bioremediation method of iron ore tailing |
| CN104550218A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 广西乐业县顾式茶有限公司 | Method for adsorption transfer of heavy metals in soil |
| CN105964681A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for improving soil cadmium removal capability of tobacco by use of fertilization and harvesting technology |
| CN109570228A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-05 | 南开大学 | Halophytes summer cypress is repairing the application of cadmium-polybrominated diphenyl ethers combined contamination soil |
| CN110639947A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-03 | 中国计量大学 | Test method for verifying reduction of cadmium absorption of Chinese cabbages |
| CN114082772A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Pesticide soil residue combined treatment equipment |
| CN114082772B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-05-26 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Pesticide soil residue jointly administers equipment |
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