CN104785513A - Phytoremediation method for cadmium-zinc compound contaminated soil - Google Patents
Phytoremediation method for cadmium-zinc compound contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104785513A CN104785513A CN201510169989.3A CN201510169989A CN104785513A CN 104785513 A CN104785513 A CN 104785513A CN 201510169989 A CN201510169989 A CN 201510169989A CN 104785513 A CN104785513 A CN 104785513A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phytoremediation method for cadmium-zinc compound contaminated soil. The phytoremediation method comprises the following steps: weighting 1500 g of the contaminated soil, and putting into a plastic basin; adding a bio-organic fertilizer, urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulphate into the contaminated soil, and applying a small amount of a calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer, so that the mass ratio of the main nutrient elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus to potassium, is (4-2):(2-1):(3-1), the proportion of soil organic carbon is adjusted to be 3-5%, and the proportions of the main nutrient elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, are 1.5%, 1.0% and 0.05% respectively; transplanting mugwort seedlings with three seedlings every pot; regularly watering, shearing the upper parts of the mugwort along the soil surface three months later, collecting plant root samples, and conducting determination analysis on the content of cadmium in soil and all plant parts. The phytoremediation method is high in absorption capacity, high in concentration coefficient, high in transfer coefficient, capable of preventing pollutant dispersion and secondary pollution on underground water, safe and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution, specifically a kind of method utilizing feverfew biological prosthetic soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution zinc cadmium element to high absorbent capacity.
Background technology
Cities of Northern China has typical heavy industry regional characteristics, and heavy metal pollution of soil is very serious, and Qi Zhongxin, cadmium combined pollution are high and mobility becomes greatly the heavy-metal composite pollution type received much concern with its toxicity.Therefore, the reparation of zinc, cadmium combined pollution soil, has become China's contaminated soil remediation and soil sustainable use problem demanding prompt solution.
In heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation with improvement, phytoremediation is used widely because of advantages such as its high efficiency, cost are low, non-secondary pollutions, and thus screening has high enrichment performance and the floristics being applicable to rehabilitating soil environment becomes the key that heavy-metal contaminated soil is repaired.There is no both at home and abroad at present utilizes this Plants to carry out multiple metal soil remediation, also without the bibliographical information utilizing this Plants to carry out repairing soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part and provides a kind of absorbability strong, concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient high, can preventing pollution thing diffusion and secondary pollution is carried out to underground water, the plant restoration method of zinc, cadmium combined pollution soil safely and efficiently.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention realizes like this.
A plant restoration method for soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution is weighed by contaminated soil in 1500g loading plastic tub; In described contaminated soil, add biological organic fertilizer, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, and join and execute a small amount of calcium magnesium phosphate, make the quality proportioning of main nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in soil be followed successively by 4 ~ 2:2 ~ 1:3 ~ 1; Organic C is 3 ~ 5%; Balance regulation soil calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient, transplant argy wormwood seedling simultaneously.
As a kind of preferred version, the present invention by described contaminated soil natural air drying, smash to pieces, impurities removing after crossing 2 mm sieves, the 1500g that weighs loads in plastic tub; Quality proportioning by 4:2:3 in soil adds urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate successively, regulation and control soil organic C is 3 ~ 5%, the simultaneously nutrient such as balance regulation soil calcium, magnesium, sulphur, with 1500g contaminated soil for benchmark, the mass percentage of calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient is followed successively by 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.05%; After one week, transplant grown 2 true leaves, grown fine, argy wormwood seedling of the same size; The strain of every basin 3; Regularly watering, through 3 months, along soil surface clip argy wormwood overground part, collecting whole plant roots sample with washing root method, determination and analysis is carried out to the zinc of soil and plant parts, rapid determination of content of cadmium element simultaneously.
Argy wormwood (
artemisia argyi L é vl. et Van.) be the herbaceos perennial that China extensively distributes, growth rate is fast, and well developed root system, its strain plant height can reach 1 m and biomass is high.Argy wormwood environmental suitability is strong, can survive in Disused tailing land.Inventor studies discovery, and utilizing argy wormwood to repair zinc, cadmium combined pollution soil is a kind of effective phytoremediation means.
The present invention gathers soil and plant sample in the long-term smelting plant area by heavy metal pollutions such as zinc cadmiums, zinc is carried out to soil and plant sample each several part, cadmium content analysis measures, and the potted plant simulated test analysis in room by experiment, improving under contaminated soil nutritive element content condition, zinc, cadmium, on the impact of argy wormwood plant strain growth, determine the characteristic distributions of zinc, cadmium in each organ of argy wormwood plant and enrichment and transhipment situation.The inventive method absorbs zinc in contaminated soil, cadmium transfer them to the overground part such as stem and leaf organ in a large number by argy wormwood root system, when plant is after Growing season, namely plant entirety is comprised root, stem, leaf part remove from contaminated soil, thus reach fast, thoroughly, safety removes in soil the object of exceed standard zinc, cadmium simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages.
1, the absorbability of argy wormwood is strong, has concentration coefficient and the high feature of transhipment coefficient, and the absorption of its heavy metal, enrichment and extraction for good and all can solve the environmental problem of heavy metal-polluted soil zinc-cadmium combined pollution.Utilize argy wormwood to carry out phytoremediation few to environmental perturbation, soil fail power is little.
2, the plantation Absorbable organic halogens earth's surface of argy wormwood, prevents heavy-metal contaminated soil from causing contamination because of wind erosion or soil erosion, and can also prevent or reduce the secondary pollution of heavy metal contaminants to underground water by plant transpiration effect.
3, also afforested environment while utilizing argy wormwood repairing polluted soil, and its heavy metal accumulated can utilize advanced technology to reclaim, thus create certain economic benefit.
4, the soil through repairing, its content of organic matter and soil fertility all can increase, and are generally applicable to proportion of crop planting, also can be used as other purposes, meet the requirement promoting the sustainable development of socio-economy.
5, at treatment effect with have very strong feasibility in repair time.Repairing effect: zinc, the cadmium total amount of every basin soil are respectively 479.47mg, 5.75mg, be 4% at organic C content, under N, P, K nutrient proportioning 4:2:3 and calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient percentage are respectively the condition of 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.05%, can take away zinc in basin through an argy wormwood reparation, cadmium amount is 4.395mg, 0.33mg, zinc once, Cd uptake rate reach 0.9%, 5.68% respectively.Can make zinc in soil in basin, the decline of cadmium total amount 13.18mg, 0.99mg according to plantation in a year 3 batches of calculating, in such 1 year, argy wormwood can reach 2.75%, 17.22% to the absorptivity of zinc, cadmium.Theoretical repair time: every basin fills native 1500g, the strain of plantation argy wormwood 3, the zinc before repairing in every basin soil, cadmium total amount are 479.47mg, 5.75mg, after argy wormwood is repaired, estimate the zinc in every basin soil, cadmium total amount reaches national soil secondary standard value 250mgkg
-1, 0.3mgkg
-1(6.5<pH<7.5), required repair time is 5 ~ 7 years.Visible, utilize argy wormwood to administer Song three combined contamination soil in effect be feasible in repair time.
6, the cost of this technology is lower, is applicable to large-area zinc cadmium heavy-metal composite pollution soil remediation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.Protection scope of the present invention is not only confined to the statement of following content.
embodiment 1.
Soil sample and artemisia argyi plant sample pick up from Shenyang Smeltery Factory (plant area of smeltery is for a long time by the heavy metal pollution of discharging in its production process), and the points for investigation choosing different pollution level gathers the different parts (root, stem, leaf and flowers and fruits) of topsoil (1-10cm) and artemisia argyi plant sample respectively.By the soil sample natural air drying of collection, smash to pieces, impurities removing measures heavy metal in soil zinc, cadmium content after crossing 2mm sieve.Plant sample each several part rinses removal of impurities, and drain, complete 30min at 105 DEG C, then dries to constant weight in baking oven at 70 DEG C.Plant sample after oven dry, weighs respectively, then the parts such as root, stem, leaf and inflorescence is fully ground, and makes its whole mistake 60 object nylon mesh, carries out analysis measure after digestion to the content of plant parts heavy metal zinc, cadmium.Measurement result: ZINC IN SOIL, cadmium content are respectively 799.88mgkg
-1, 18.27mgkg
-1.Zinc, the cadmium content of argy wormwood aerial part are respectively 580mgkg
-1, 27mgkg
-1, concentration coefficient is respectively and reaches 0.7,1.48.The descending order of argy wormwood aerial part stem, leaf, flowers and fruits 3 partial organ zinc, cadmium cumulant is: leaf > stem > flowers and fruits.Argy wormwood aerial part to the enriched concentration of zinc, cadmium close to or exceeded the concentration level of zinc in soil, cadmium, its transhipment coefficient is respectively 2.05 and 1.79, illustrate that zinc, cadmium easily upwards transport and move in plant, demonstrating it has stronger patience and accumulation ability to zinc, cadmium.
embodiment 2.
By air-dry for the soil natural picking up from irrigating region, smash to pieces, impurities removing after crossing 2 mm sieves, the 1500g that weighs loads in plastic tub.Biological organic fertilizer, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate is added in soil, and join and execute a small amount of calcium magnesium phosphate, the quality proportioning of main nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in soil is made to be followed successively by 4:2:3, regulation and control soil organic C is 4%, and calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient percentage are respectively 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.05%; In order to supplementary Nutrient Elements in Soil and micronutrient levels, improve soil organism situation and physical arrangement feature, for plant growth provides optimum nutrient content.Fully mix after applying fertilizer, after balancing one week, transplant grown 2 true leaves, grown fine, argy wormwood seedling of the same size, the strain of every basin 3, duration of test regularly watered, through 3 months, along soil table clip overground part, collect root sample, determination and analysis is carried out to the cadmium content of soil and plant parts.Treatment effect: the every basin zinc of combined contamination soil, cadmium total amount and bio-available Zn concentration are about 479.47mg, 5.75mg and 104.85mg, 3.72mg respectively.Under this zinc, cadmium combined pollution concentration, argy wormwood plant strain growth is normal, zinc concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient are respectively 0.66,1.65, under zinc existence condition, the concentration coefficient of cadmium and transhipment coefficient are 6 times and 1.7 times of zinc respectively, and the descending order of argy wormwood root, stem, leaf 3 partial organ zinc, cadmium cumulant is: leaf > stem > root.Repairing effect: zinc, the cadmium total amount of every basin soil are respectively 479.47mg, 5.75mg, 4:2:3 is followed successively by N, P, K nutrient (urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate) quality proportioning, the mass percentage of calcium, magnesium, sulphur is followed successively by 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.05%, regulation and control soil organic C is under the condition of 4%, can take away zinc in basin through an argy wormwood reparation, cadmium amount is 4.395mg, 0.33mg, zinc once, Cd uptake rate reach 0.9%, 5.68%.Can make zinc in soil in basin, the decline of cadmium total amount 13.18mg, 0.99mg according to plantation in a year 3 batches of calculating, in such 1 year, argy wormwood can reach 2.75%, 17.22% to the absorptivity of zinc, cadmium.Theoretical repair time: every basin fills native 1500g, the strain of plantation argy wormwood 3, zinc before repairing in every basin soil, cadmium total amount are 479.47mg, 5.75mg, after argy wormwood is repaired, estimate the zinc in every basin soil, cadmium total amount reach national soil secondary standard and be worth 250 mgkg-1,0.3 mgkg-1(6.5<pH<7.5), required repair time is 5 ~ 7 years.
Be understandably, above about specific descriptions of the present invention, the technical scheme described by the embodiment of the present invention is only not limited to for illustration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement, to reach identical technique effect; Needs are used, all within protection scope of the present invention as long as meet.
Claims (2)
1. the plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution, is characterized in that: the 1500g that weighed by contaminated soil loads in plastic tub; In described contaminated soil, add biological organic fertilizer, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, and join and execute a small amount of calcium magnesium phosphate, make the quality proportioning of main nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in soil be followed successively by 4 ~ 2:2 ~ 1:3 ~ 1; Organic C is 3 ~ 5%; Balance regulation soil calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient, transplant argy wormwood seedling simultaneously.
2. the plant restoration method of soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by described contaminated soil natural air drying, smash to pieces, impurities removing after crossing 2 mm sieves, the 1500g that weighs loads in plastic tub; Quality proportioning by 4:2:3 in soil adds urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate successively, regulation and control soil organic C is 3 ~ 5%, the simultaneously nutrient such as balance regulation soil calcium, magnesium, sulphur, with 1500g contaminated soil for benchmark, the mass percentage of calcium, magnesium, sulphur nutrient is followed successively by 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.05%; After one week, transplant grown 2 true leaves, grown fine, argy wormwood seedling of the same size; The strain of every basin 3; Regularly watering, through 3 months, along soil surface clip argy wormwood overground part, collecting whole plant roots sample with washing root method, determination and analysis is carried out to the zinc of soil and plant parts, rapid determination of content of cadmium element simultaneously.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN106111683A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 赵月 | A kind of repairing mine and the method for farming land heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN111790739A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 河南省科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by using crassula argentea |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106111683A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 赵月 | A kind of repairing mine and the method for farming land heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN111790739A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 河南省科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by using crassula argentea |
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Application publication date: 20150722 |