CN101616512A - Line heat source - Google Patents
Line heat source Download PDFInfo
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- CN101616512A CN101616512A CN200810068069A CN200810068069A CN101616512A CN 101616512 A CN101616512 A CN 101616512A CN 200810068069 A CN200810068069 A CN 200810068069A CN 200810068069 A CN200810068069 A CN 200810068069A CN 101616512 A CN101616512 A CN 101616512A
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- heat source
- line heat
- heating
- zone
- carbon nanotube
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology
Abstract
A kind of line heat source comprises a wire substrate, one zone of heating is arranged at the surface of wire substrate, and two electrode gap are arranged at the surface of zone of heating, described two electrodes are electrically connected with this zone of heating, wherein, described zone of heating comprises a carbon nanotube layer, and this carbon nanotube layer comprises isotropism, is orientated a plurality of carbon nano-tube of arranging according to qualifications along fixed-direction orientation or different directions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of line heat source, relate in particular to a kind of line heat source based on carbon nano-tube.
Background technology
Thermal source plays an important role in people's production, life, scientific research.Line heat source is one of thermal source of using always, is widely used in fields such as electric heater, infrared therapeutic apparatus, electric heater.
See also Fig. 1, prior art provides a kind of line heat source 10, and it comprises a hollow cylindrical support 102; One zone of heating 104 is arranged at this support 102 surfaces, and an insulating protective layer 106 is arranged at this zone of heating 104 surfaces; Two electrodes 110 are arranged at support 102 two ends respectively, and are electrically connected with zone of heating 104; Two clamping elements 108 fix two electrodes 110 and zone of heating 104 at support 102 two ends respectively.Wherein, zone of heating 104 adopts a carbon fiber paper to form by the mode of twining or wrap up usually.When applying a voltage by 110 pairs of these line heat sources 10 of two electrodes, described zone of heating 104 produces Joule heat, and carries out thermal radiation towards periphery.Described carbon fiber paper comprises paper base material and is distributed in asphalt base carbon fiber in this paper base material in a jumble.Wherein, paper base material comprises the mixture of cellulose fiber peacekeeping resin etc., and the diameter of asphalt base carbon fiber is 3~6 millimeters, and length is 5~20 microns.
Yet, adopt carbon fiber paper to have following shortcoming as zone of heating: the first, carbon fiber paper thickness is bigger, is generally tens microns, makes line heat source be difficult for making microstructure, can't be applied to the heating of microdevice.The second, owing to comprised paper base material in this carbon fiber paper, so the density of this carbon fiber paper is bigger, weight is big, makes the line heat source that adopts this carbon fiber paper use inconvenience.The 3rd, because the asphalt base carbon fiber in this carbon fiber paper distributes in a jumble, so the intensity of this carbon fiber paper is less, flexibility is relatively poor, breaks easily, and having limited it should have scope.The 4th, the electric conversion efficiency of carbon fiber paper is lower, is unfavorable for energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In view of this, necessaryly provide a kind of line heat source, this line heat source weight is less, and intensity is big, can make microstructure, is applied to the heating of microdevice, and electric conversion efficiency is lower, is beneficial to energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Summary of the invention
A kind of line heat source comprises a wire substrate; One zone of heating is arranged at the surface of wire substrate; And two electrode gap are arranged at the surface of zone of heating, and be electrically connected with this zone of heating respectively, wherein, described zone of heating comprises a carbon nanotube layer, and this carbon nanotube layer comprises isotropism, is orientated a plurality of carbon nano-tube of arranging according to qualifications along fixed-direction orientation or different directions.
Compared with prior art, described line heat source has the following advantages: the first, and carbon nano-tube can be made the carbon nanotube layer of arbitrary dimension easily, both can be applied to macroscopical field and also can be applied to microscopic fields.The second, carbon nano-tube has littler density than carbon fiber, so, adopt the line heat source of carbon nanotube layer to have lighter weight, easy to use.The 3rd, the electric conversion efficiency height of carbon nanotube layer, thermal resistivity is low, so this line heat source has the characteristics rapid, that thermo-lag is little, rate of heat exchange is fast that heat up.The 4th, described carbon nanotube layer can directly obtain by rolling carbon nano pipe array, is easy to preparation, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the line heat source of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the line heat source of the technical program embodiment
Fig. 3 is the generalized section of the line heat source III-III along the line of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the generalized section of the line heat source IV-IV along the line of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photograph of the carbon nanotube layer of the carbon nano-tube that is arranged of preferred orient along different directions the technical program embodiment comprising of adopting.
Fig. 6 is the stereoscan photograph of the carbon nanotube layer of the carbon nano-tube that is arranged of preferred orient along same direction the technical program embodiment comprising of adopting.
Embodiment
Describe the technical program line heat source in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the technical program embodiment provides a kind of line heat source 20, and this line heat source 20 comprises a wire substrate 202; One reflector 210 is arranged at the surface of this wire substrate 202; One zone of heating 204 is arranged at 210 surfaces, described reflector; Two electrodes 206 are arranged at intervals at the surface of this zone of heating 204, and are electrically connected with this zone of heating 204; And one insulating protective layer 208 be arranged at the surface of this zone of heating 204.The length of described line heat source 20 is not limit, and diameter is 0.1 micron~1.5 centimetres.It is 1.1 millimeters~1.1 centimetres that the diameter of the line heat source 20 of present embodiment is preferably.
Described wire substrate 202 plays a supportive role, and its material can be hard material, as: pottery, glass, resin, quartz etc., can also select flexible material, as: plastics or flexible fiber etc.When wire substrate 202 was flexible material, this line heat source 20 can be bent into arbitrary shape in use as required.The length of described wire substrate 202, diameter and shape are not limit, and can select according to actual needs.The preferred wire substrate 202 of present embodiment is a ceramic bar, and its diameter is 1 millimeter~1 centimetre.
The material in described reflector 210 is a white insulating material, as: metal oxide, slaine or pottery etc.In the present embodiment, the material in reflector 210 is preferably alundum (Al, and its thickness is 100 microns~0.5 millimeter.This reflector 210 is deposited on this wire substrate 202 surfaces by the method for sputter.Described reflector 210 is used for reflecting the heat that zone of heating 204 is sent out, and make it effectively be dispersed into extraneous space and go, so, but this reflector 210 is a choice structure.
Described zone of heating 204 comprises a carbon nanotube layer.This carbon nanotube layer can wrap up or be wound in the surface in described reflector 210.This carbon nanotube layer can utilization itself viscosity be connected with this reflector 210, also can further be connected with reflector 210 by binding agent.Described binding agent is a silica gel.Be appreciated that when this line heat source 20 does not comprise reflector 210 zone of heating 204 can directly wrap up or be wound in the surface of described wire substrate 202.
Described carbon nanotube layer comprises equally distributed carbon nano-tube.The carbon nano-tube in this carbon nanotube layer and the surface of the carbon nanotube layer α that has angle, wherein, α is more than or equal to zero degree and smaller or equal to 15 degree (0≤α≤15 °).Preferably, the carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nanotube layer is parallel to the surface of carbon nanotube layer.This carbon nanotube layer can be by rolling carbon nano pipe array preparation, and according to the mode difference that rolls, the carbon nano-tube in this carbon nanotube layer has different spread patterns.Particularly, carbon nano-tube can isotropism be arranged; Or be arranged of preferred orient along different directions, see also Fig. 5; Or be arranged of preferred orient along a fixed-direction, see also Fig. 6.Carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nanotube layer partly overlaps.Attract each other by Van der Waals force between the carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nanotube layer, combine closely, make this carbon nanotube layer have good flexible, can bending fold become arbitrary shape and do not break.
Carbon nano-tube in this carbon nanotube layer comprises one or more in Single Walled Carbon Nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes.The diameter of described Single Walled Carbon Nanotube is 0.5 nanometer~10 nanometers, and the diameter of double-walled carbon nano-tube is 1 nanometer~15 nanometers, and the diameter of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is 1.5 nanometers~50 nanometers.The length of this carbon nano-tube is greater than 50 microns.In the present embodiment, the length of carbon nano-tube is preferably 200~900 microns.
The area and the thickness of this carbon nanotube layer are not limit, and can select according to actual needs.The area of this carbon nanotube layer is relevant with the size of the substrate that carbon nano pipe array is grown.The height of this carbon nano-tube layer thickness and carbon nano pipe array and the pressure that rolls are relevant, can be 1 micron to 1 millimeter.The height that is appreciated that carbon nano pipe array is big more and applied pressure is more little, and then the thickness of Zhi Bei carbon nanotube layer is big more; Otherwise the height of carbon nano pipe array is more little and applied pressure is big more, and then the thickness of Zhi Bei carbon nanotube layer is more little.The thermal response speed that is appreciated that carbon nanotube layer is relevant with its thickness.Under situation of the same area, the thickness of carbon nanotube layer is big more, and thermal response speed is slow more; Otherwise the thickness of carbon nanotube layer is more little, and thermal response speed is fast more.
In the present embodiment, zone of heating 204 employing thickness are 100 microns carbon nanotube layer.The length of this carbon nanotube layer is 5 centimetres, and the width of carbon nano-tube film is 3 centimetres.Utilize the viscosity of carbon nanotube layer itself, this carbon nanotube layer is wrapped in the surface in described reflector 210.
Described electrode 206 can be arranged on the same surface of zone of heating 204 and also can be arranged on the different surfaces of zone of heating 204.Described electrode 206 can be arranged on the surface of this zone of heating 204 by the viscosity or the conductive adhesive (figure does not show) of carbon nanotube layer.Conductive adhesive also can be fixed in electrode 206 on the surface of carbon nanotube layer when realizing that electrode 206 and carbon nanotube layer electrically contact better.Can apply voltage to zone of heating 204 by these two electrodes 206.Wherein, the setting of being separated by between two electrodes 206 avoids short circuit phenomenon to produce so that insert certain resistance when adopting zone of heating 204 heating powers of carbon nanotube layer.Preferably, because wire substrate 202 diameters are less, two electrodes 206 are arranged at intervals at the two ends of wire substrate 202, and around the surface that is arranged at zone of heating 204.
Described electrode 206 is conductive film, sheet metal or metal lead wire.The material of this conductive film can be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver glue, conducting polymer etc.This conductive film can be formed at zone of heating 204 surfaces by physical vaporous deposition, chemical vapour deposition technique or other method.The material of this sheet metal or metal lead wire can be copper sheet or aluminium flake etc.This sheet metal can be fixed in zone of heating 204 surfaces by conductive adhesive.
Described electrode 206 can also be a carbon nano tube structure.This carbon nano tube structure wraps up or is wound in the surface in reflector 210.This carbon nano tube structure can be by viscosity or the conductive adhesive surface of being fixed in reflector 210 of himself.This carbon nano tube structure comprises and aligning and equally distributed metallic carbon nanotubes.Particularly, this carbon nano tube structure comprises at least one ordered carbon nanotube film or at least one carbon nanotube long line.
In the present embodiment, preferably, two ordered carbon nanotube films are arranged at the two ends of shape substrate 202 length directions along the line respectively as electrode 206.These two ordered carbon nanotube films are surrounded on the inner surface of zone of heating 204, and electrically contact by forming between conductive adhesive and the zone of heating 204.Described conductive adhesive is preferably elargol.Because the zone of heating 204 in the present embodiment also adopts carbon nanotube layer, so have less ohmic contact resistance between electrode 206 and the zone of heating 204, can improve the utilance of 20 pairs of electric energy of line heat source.
The material of described insulating protective layer 208 is an insulating material, as: rubber, resin etc.Described insulating protective layer 208 thickness are not limit, and can select according to actual conditions.In the present embodiment, the material of this insulating protective layer 208 adopts rubber, and its thickness is 0.5~2 millimeter.This insulating protective layer 208 can be formed at the surface of zone of heating 204 by the method for coating or parcel.Described insulating protective layer 208 is used for preventing that this line heat source 20 from electrically contacting with external world's formation in use, can also prevent the carbon nanotube layer absorption introduced contaminants in the zone of heating 204 simultaneously.But this insulating protective layer 208 is a choice structure.
In the present embodiment, be that 100 microns carbon nanotube layer has carried out the electric heating property measurement to thickness.Long 5 centimetres of this carbon nanotube layer, wide 3 centimetres.It is in 1 centimetre the wire substrate 202 that this carbon nanotube layer is wrapped in a diameter, and its length between two electrodes 206 is 3 centimetres.Electric current flows into along the length direction of wire substrate 202.Measuring instrument is infrared radiation thermometer AZ-8859.When applying voltage at 1 volt~20 volts, heating power is 1 watt~40 watt-hours, and the surface temperature of carbon nanotube layer is 50 ℃~500 ℃.As seen, this carbon nanotube layer has higher electric conversion efficiency.For object with black matrix structure, when being 200 ℃~450 ℃, its pairing temperature just can send thermal radiation invisible to the human eye (infrared ray), and the thermal radiation of this moment is the most stable, most effective, the thermal radiation heat maximum that is produced.
This line heat source 20 can be arranged at it body surface that will heat or itself and heated object are provided with at interval in use, utilizes its thermal radiation to heat.In addition, a plurality of these line heat sources 20 can also be arranged in various predetermined figures uses.This line heat source 20 can be widely used in fields such as electric heater, infrared therapeutic apparatus, electric heater.
In the present embodiment,, make the carbon nano tube structure of preparation can have less thickness because carbon nano-tube has nano level diameter, so, adopt the wire substrate of minor diameter can prepare the micro wire thermal source.Carbon nano-tube has strong corrosion resistance, and it can be worked in sour environment.And carbon nano-tube has extremely strong stability, can not decompose even work under the vacuum environment of high temperature more than 3000 ℃, makes this line heat source 20 be suitable for work under the vacuum high-temperature.In addition, carbon nano-tube is than high 100 times with the hardness of steel of volume, weight but have only its 1/6, so, adopt the line heat source 20 of carbon nano-tube to have higher intensity and lighter weight.
In addition, those skilled in the art also can do other variations in spirit of the present invention, and certainly, the variation that these are done according to spirit of the present invention all should be included within the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (17)
1. a line heat source comprises a wire substrate; One zone of heating is arranged at the surface of wire substrate; And two electrode gap are arranged at the surface of zone of heating, and be electrically connected with this zone of heating respectively, it is characterized in that, described zone of heating comprises a carbon nanotube layer, and this carbon nanotube layer comprises isotropism, is orientated a plurality of carbon nano-tube of arranging according to qualifications along fixed-direction orientation or different directions.
2. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nanotube layer becomes a folder degree α with the surface of carbon nanotube layer, and wherein, α is more than or equal to zero degree and smaller or equal to 15 degree (0≤α≤15 °).
3. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the carbon nano-tube in the described carbon nanotube layer partly overlaps, and attracts each other by Van der Waals force, combines closely.
4. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described carbon nanotube layer is 1 micron to 1 millimeter.
5. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the length of described carbon nano-tube is greater than 50 microns, and diameter is less than 50 nanometers.
6. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described carbon nanotube layer twines or wrap up the surface that is arranged at the wire substrate.
7. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrode is a conductive film, sheet metal, metal lead wire or carbon nano tube structure.
8. line heat source as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described carbon nano tube structure comprises and aligning and equally distributed metallic carbon nanotubes.
9. line heat source as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described carbon nano tube structure comprises at least one ordered carbon nanotube film or at least one carbon nanotube long line.
10. line heat source as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described this carbon nano tube structure wraps up or be wound in the surface of zone of heating.
11. line heat source as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described carbon nano tube structure is by himself viscosity or the conductive adhesive surface of being fixed in zone of heating.
12. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of described wire substrate is flexible material or hard material, and described flexible material is plastics or flexible fiber, and described hard material is pottery, glass, resin, quartz.
13. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described line heat source comprises that further a reflector is arranged between zone of heating and the wire substrate.
14. line heat source as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the material in described reflector is metal oxide, slaine or pottery.
15. line heat source as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the thickness in described reflector is 100 microns~0.5 millimeter.
16. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described line heat source comprises that further an insulating protective layer is arranged at the outer surface of described zone of heating.
17. line heat source as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of described line heat source is 0.1 micron~1.5 centimetres.
Priority Applications (39)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200810068069.2A CN101616512B (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2008-06-27 | Line heat source |
US12/456,071 US20100126985A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-06-11 | Carbon nanotube heater |
EP09162562.4A EP2136603B1 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2009-06-12 | Heater and method for making the same |
KR1020090053461A KR20090131652A (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2009-06-16 | Linear heater and methods for making the same |
JP2009154346A JP5175246B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-06-29 | Wire heat source |
US12/460,859 US20100000989A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,858 US20100000988A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,853 US20090321419A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,869 US20100139845A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,868 US20090321421A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,817 US20100108664A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,867 US20090314765A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,849 US20100000986A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,848 US20100000985A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,871 US20100230400A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,854 US20090321420A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,855 US20100000987A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,851 US20090321418A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,850 US20100140257A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,870 US20100000990A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/460,852 US20100140258A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-23 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/462,153 US20100000669A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-30 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/462,188 US20100139851A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-30 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/462,155 US20100140259A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-07-30 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/655,507 US20100122980A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-31 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/658,182 US20100147827A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-02-04 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/658,184 US20100147828A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-02-04 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/658,237 US20100154975A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-02-04 | Carbon Nanotube heater |
US12/658,193 US20100147829A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-02-04 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/658,198 US20100147830A1 (en) | 2008-06-07 | 2010-02-04 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/660,356 US20110024410A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-02-25 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/660,820 US20100163547A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-04 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,165 US20100170891A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-11 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,150 US20100170890A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-11 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,115 US20100200567A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-11 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,110 US20100218367A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-11 | Method for making carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,133 US20100200568A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-11 | Carbon nanotube heater |
US12/661,926 US20100187221A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-25 | Carbon nanotube hearter |
US12/750,186 US20100180429A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2010-03-30 | Carbon nanotube heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN200810068069.2A CN101616512B (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2008-06-27 | Line heat source |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101616512A true CN101616512A (en) | 2009-12-30 |
CN101616512B CN101616512B (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN200810068069.2A Active CN101616512B (en) | 2008-06-07 | 2008-06-27 | Line heat source |
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JP (1) | JP5175246B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101616512B (en) |
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CN101616513B (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2011-07-27 | 清华大学 | Linear heat source |
CN101616514B (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2011-07-27 | 清华大学 | Linear heat source |
CN101610613B (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2011-09-28 | 清华大学 | Line heat source |
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CN2689638Y (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | 李林林 | Carbon fibric heating cable with single conducting wire |
WO2007089118A1 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-09 | Exaenc Corp. | Heating element using carbon nano tube |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5175246B2 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
JP2010010137A (en) | 2010-01-14 |
CN101616512B (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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