TWI465145B - Hollow heating source - Google Patents
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本發明涉及一種空心熱源，尤其涉及一種基於奈米碳管的空心熱源。 The invention relates to a hollow heat source, in particular to a hollow heat source based on a carbon nanotube.
熱源在人們的生產、生活、科研中起著重要的作用。空心熱源係熱源的一種，其特點為空心熱源具有一空心結構，將待加熱物體設置於該空心結構的空心中對物體進行加熱，故，空心熱源可對待加熱物體的各個部位同時加熱，加熱面廣、加熱均勻且效率較高。空心熱源已成功用於工業領域、科研領域或生活領域等，如工廠管道、實驗室加熱爐或廚具電烤箱等。 Heat sources play an important role in people's production, life, and research. The hollow heat source is a heat source, characterized in that the hollow heat source has a hollow structure, and the object to be heated is disposed in the hollow of the hollow structure to heat the object, so the hollow heat source can simultaneously heat various parts of the object to be heated, and the heating surface Wide, uniform heating and high efficiency. Hollow heat sources have been successfully used in industrial fields, scientific research fields or living areas, such as factory pipes, laboratory furnaces or kitchen ovens.
空心熱源的基本結構通常包括基底和設置在基底上的電熱層，通過在電熱層中通入電流產生焦耳熱使電熱層的溫度升高進而加熱物體。先前的空心熱源的電熱層通常採用金屬絲，如鉻鎳合金絲、銅絲、鉬絲或鎢絲等通過鋪設或纏繞的方式形成。然而，採用金屬絲作為電熱層具有以下缺點：其一，金屬絲表面容易被氧化，導致局部電阻增加，從而被燒斷，故使用壽命短；其二，金屬絲為灰體輻射，故，熱輻射效率低，輻射距離短，且輻射不均勻；其三，金屬絲密度較大，重量大，使用不便。 The basic structure of the hollow heat source generally includes a substrate and an electrothermal layer disposed on the substrate, and the Joule heat is generated in the electrothermal layer to generate Joule heat to raise the temperature of the electrothermal layer to heat the object. The electrothermal layer of the previous hollow heat source is usually formed by laying or winding a wire such as a chrome-nickel wire, a copper wire, a molybdenum wire or a tungsten wire. However, the use of a wire as an electrothermal layer has the following disadvantages: First, the surface of the wire is easily oxidized, resulting in an increase in local resistance, thereby being blown, so that the service life is short; second, the wire is gray body radiation, so, heat The radiation efficiency is low, the radiation distance is short, and the radiation is uneven; thirdly, the wire has a large density, a large weight, and is inconvenient to use.
為解決金屬絲作為電熱層存在的問題，碳纖維因為其具有良好的黑體輻射性能，密度小等優點成為電熱層材料研究的熱點。碳纖維作為電熱層時，通常以碳纖維紙的 形式存在。所述碳纖維紙包括紙基材和雜亂分佈於該紙基材中的瀝青基碳纖維。其中，紙基材包括纖維素纖維和樹脂等的混合物，瀝青基碳纖維的直徑為3~6毫米，長度為5~20微米。 In order to solve the problem of the wire as the electric heating layer, the carbon fiber has become a hot spot in the research of the electric heating layer material because of its good black body radiation performance and small density. When carbon fiber is used as the electric heating layer, it is usually made of carbon fiber paper. Form exists. The carbon fiber paper includes a paper substrate and pitch-based carbon fibers that are disorderly distributed in the paper substrate. Wherein, the paper substrate comprises a mixture of cellulose fibers and a resin, and the pitch-based carbon fibers have a diameter of 3 to 6 mm and a length of 5 to 20 μm.
然而，採用碳纖維紙作為加熱層具有以下缺點：其一，碳纖維紙厚度較大，一般為幾十微米，使空心熱源不易做成微型結構，無法應用於微型器件的加熱。其二，由於該碳纖維紙中包含了紙基材，故該碳纖維紙的密度較大，重量大，使得採用該碳纖維紙的空心熱源使用不便。其三，由於該碳纖維紙中的瀝青基碳纖維雜亂分佈，故該碳纖維紙的強度較小，柔性較差，容易破裂，限制了其應有範圍。其四，碳纖維紙的電熱轉換效率較低，不利於節能環保。 However, the use of carbon fiber paper as the heating layer has the following disadvantages: First, the thickness of the carbon fiber paper is large, generally several tens of micrometers, so that the hollow heat source is not easily made into a micro structure and cannot be applied to the heating of the micro device. Second, since the carbon fiber paper contains a paper substrate, the carbon fiber paper has a large density and a large weight, which makes the hollow heat source using the carbon fiber paper inconvenient to use. Third, since the pitch-based carbon fibers in the carbon fiber paper are disorderly distributed, the carbon fiber paper has low strength, poor flexibility, and is easily broken, which limits its proper range. Fourth, carbon fiber paper has low electrothermal conversion efficiency, which is not conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection.
有鑒於此，提供一種加熱效率高、強度韌性大、壽命長、成本較低、可應用於宏觀和微觀器件，實際應用性能好的空心熱源實為必要。 In view of this, it is necessary to provide a hollow heat source with high heating efficiency, high strength and toughness, long life, low cost, and can be applied to macroscopic and microscopic devices, and has good practical application performance.
一種空心熱源，其包括：一空心基底；一加熱層，該加熱層設置於空心基底的表面；以及至少兩個電極，且所述至少兩個電極間隔設置於加熱層的表面，並分別與該加熱層電連接，其中，所述之加熱層包括一奈米碳管層，且該奈米碳管層包括各向同性、沿一固定方向取向或不同方向取向擇優排列的複數個奈米碳管。 A hollow heat source comprising: a hollow substrate; a heating layer disposed on a surface of the hollow substrate; and at least two electrodes, wherein the at least two electrodes are spaced apart from the surface of the heating layer, and respectively The heating layer is electrically connected, wherein the heating layer comprises a carbon nanotube layer, and the carbon nanotube layer comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes which are isotropic, oriented in a fixed direction or oriented in different directions. .
相較於先前技術，所述之空心熱源具有以下優點：第一，奈米碳管可方便地製成任意尺寸的奈米碳管層，既可 應用於宏觀領域也可應用於微觀領域。第二，奈米碳管比碳纖維具有更小的密度，故，採用奈米碳管層的空心熱源具有更輕的重量，使用方便。第三，奈米碳管層的電熱轉換效率高，熱阻率低，故該空心熱源具有升溫迅速、熱滯後小、熱交換速度快的特點。第四，所述之奈米碳管層可通過碾壓奈米碳管陣列直接獲得，易於製備，成本較低。 Compared with the prior art, the hollow heat source has the following advantages: First, the carbon nanotube can be conveniently fabricated into a carbon nanotube layer of any size, either It can also be applied to the microscopic field in the macroscopic field. Second, the carbon nanotubes have a smaller density than the carbon fibers. Therefore, the hollow heat source using the carbon nanotube layer has a lighter weight and is convenient to use. Third, the carbon nanotube layer has high electrothermal conversion efficiency and low thermal resistance. Therefore, the hollow heat source has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise, small thermal hysteresis, and fast heat exchange rate. Fourth, the carbon nanotube layer can be directly obtained by rolling the carbon nanotube array, which is easy to prepare and has low cost.
以下將結合附圖詳細說明本技術方案空心熱源。 The hollow heat source of the present technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
請參閱圖1及圖2，本技術方案第一實施例提供一種空心熱源100，該空心熱源100包括一空心基底102；一加熱層104，該加熱層104設置於該空心基底102的內表面；一反射層108，該反射層108位於加熱層104的週邊，設置於該空心基底102的外表面；一第一電極110及一第二電極112，第一電極110和第二電極112間隔設置於加熱層104的表面，並分別與加熱層104電連接；一絕緣保護層106，該絕緣保護層106設置於加熱層104的內表面。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a hollow heat source 100. The hollow heat source 100 includes a hollow substrate 102, and a heating layer 104 disposed on an inner surface of the hollow substrate 102. a reflective layer 108 is disposed on the outer surface of the hollow substrate 102 at a periphery of the heating layer 104. A first electrode 110 and a second electrode 112 are disposed at intervals between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112. The surface of the layer 104 is heated and electrically connected to the heating layer 104, respectively; an insulating protective layer 106 is disposed on the inner surface of the heating layer 104.
所述空心基底102的材料不限，用於支撐加熱層104，可為硬性材料，如：陶瓷、玻璃、樹脂、石英、塑膠等。空心基底102亦可選擇柔性材料，如：樹脂、橡膠、塑膠或柔性纖維等。當空心基底102為柔性材料時，該空心熱源100在使用時可根據需要彎折成任意形狀。所述空心基底102的形狀大小不限，其具有一空心結構即可，可為管狀、球狀、長方體狀等，可為全封閉結構，也可為半封閉結構，其具體可根據實際需要進行改變。空心基底102 的橫截面的形狀亦不限，可為圓形、弧形、長方形等。本實施例中，空心基底102為一空心陶瓷管，其橫截面為一圓形。 The material of the hollow substrate 102 is not limited, and is used to support the heating layer 104, and may be a hard material such as ceramic, glass, resin, quartz, plastic, or the like. The hollow substrate 102 can also be selected from flexible materials such as resins, rubber, plastic or flexible fibers. When the hollow substrate 102 is a flexible material, the hollow heat source 100 can be bent into any shape as needed during use. The hollow substrate 102 is not limited in shape and shape, and has a hollow structure, which may be tubular, spherical, rectangular, etc., and may be a fully enclosed structure or a semi-closed structure, which may be specifically configured according to actual needs. change. Hollow substrate 102 The shape of the cross section is not limited, and may be a circle, an arc, a rectangle, or the like. In this embodiment, the hollow substrate 102 is a hollow ceramic tube having a circular cross section.
所述加熱層104設置於空心基底102的內表面，用於向空心基底102的內部空間加熱。所述加熱層104包括一奈米碳管層，該奈米碳管層本身具有一定的黏性，可利用本身的黏性設置於空心基底102的表面，也可通過黏結劑設置於空心基底102的表面。所述之黏結劑為矽膠。該奈米碳管層的長度、寬度和厚度不限，可根據實際需要選擇。 The heating layer 104 is disposed on an inner surface of the hollow substrate 102 for heating the inner space of the hollow substrate 102. The heating layer 104 includes a carbon nanotube layer. The carbon nanotube layer itself has a certain viscosity, and can be disposed on the surface of the hollow substrate 102 by its own viscosity, or can be disposed on the hollow substrate 102 by a bonding agent. s surface. The binder is tannin. The length, width and thickness of the carbon nanotube layer are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs.
所述奈米碳管層包括均勻分佈的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管與奈米碳管層的表面成一夾角α，其中，α大於等於零度且小於等於15度。優選地，所述奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管平行於奈米碳管層的表面。該奈米碳管層可通過碾壓一奈米碳管陣列製備，依據碾壓的方式不同，該奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管具有不同的排列形式。具體地，奈米碳管可各向同性排列；當沿不同方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿不同方向擇優取向排列，請參閱圖3；當沿同一方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿一固定方向擇優取向排列，請參閱圖4。所述奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管部分交疊。所述奈米碳管層中奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，緊密結合，使得該奈米碳管層具有很好的柔韌性，可彎曲折疊成任意形狀而不破裂。 The carbon nanotube layer includes a uniformly distributed carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer form an angle α with the surface of the carbon nanotube layer, wherein α is greater than or equal to zero degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer are parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube layer. The carbon nanotube layer can be prepared by rolling a carbon nanotube array, and the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer have different arrangements depending on the manner of rolling. Specifically, the carbon nanotubes can be isotropically aligned; when rolled in different directions, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in different orientations, see Figure 3; when rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are along A fixed orientation is preferred, see Figure 4. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer partially overlap. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, and the carbon nanotube layer has good flexibility, and can be bent and folded into any shape without breaking.
該奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管包括單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管及多壁奈米碳管中的一種或多種。所述單壁奈米 碳管的直徑為0.5奈米~10奈米，雙壁奈米碳管的直徑為1奈米~15奈米，多壁奈米碳管的直徑為1.5奈米~50奈米。該奈米碳管的長度大於50微米。奈米碳管的長度大於50微米，優選地，奈米碳管的長度為200~900微米。 The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer include one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. Single-walled nano The diameter of the carbon tube is 0.5 nm to 10 nm, the diameter of the double-walled carbon nanotube is 1 nm to 15 nm, and the diameter of the multi-walled carbon tube is 1.5 nm to 50 nm. The length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 50 microns. The length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 50 microns, and preferably, the length of the carbon nanotubes is from 200 to 900 microns.
該奈米碳管層的面積和厚度不限，可根據實際需要選擇。該奈米碳管層的面積與奈米碳管陣列所生長的基底的尺寸有關。該奈米碳管層厚度與奈米碳管陣列的高度以及碾壓的壓力有關，可為1微米至1毫米。可以理解，奈米碳管陣列的高度越大而施加的壓力越小，則製備的奈米碳管層的厚度越大；反之，奈米碳管陣列的高度越小而施加的壓力越大，則製備的奈米碳管層的厚度越小。可以理解，奈米碳管層的熱回應速度與其厚度有關。在相同面積的情況下，奈米碳管層的厚度越大，熱回應速度越慢；反之，奈米碳管層的厚度越小，熱回應速度越快。 The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube layer are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. The area of the carbon nanotube layer is related to the size of the substrate on which the carbon nanotube array is grown. The thickness of the carbon nanotube layer is related to the height of the carbon nanotube array and the pressure of the rolling, and may be from 1 micrometer to 1 millimeter. It can be understood that the greater the height of the carbon nanotube array and the smaller the applied pressure, the greater the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube layer; conversely, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array, the greater the applied pressure. The thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube layer is smaller. It can be understood that the thermal response speed of the carbon nanotube layer is related to its thickness. In the case of the same area, the greater the thickness of the carbon nanotube layer, the slower the heat response speed; conversely, the smaller the thickness of the carbon nanotube layer, the faster the heat response speed.
本實施例中，加熱層104採用厚度為100微米的奈米碳管層。該奈米碳管層的長度為5厘米，奈米碳管層的寬度為3厘米。利用奈米碳管層本身的黏性，將該奈米碳管層設置於空心基底102的內表面。 In this embodiment, the heating layer 104 is a carbon nanotube layer having a thickness of 100 μm. The carbon nanotube layer has a length of 5 cm and the carbon nanotube layer has a width of 3 cm. The carbon nanotube layer is placed on the inner surface of the hollow substrate 102 by the viscosity of the carbon nanotube layer itself.
所述第一電極110和第二電極112可設置在加熱層104的同一表面上也可設置在加熱層104的不同表面上。所述第一電極110和第二電極112可通過奈米碳管層的黏性或導電黏結劑(圖未示)設置於該加熱層104的表面上。導電黏結劑在實現第一電極110和第二電極112與奈米碳管層電接觸的同時，還可將第一電極110和第二電極112更好地 固定於奈米碳管層的表面上。通過該第一電極110和第二電極112可對加熱層104施加電壓。其中，第一電極110和第二電極112之間相隔設置，以使採用奈米碳管層的加熱層104通電發熱時接入一定的阻值避免短路現象產生。優選地，第一電極110和第二電極112間隔設置於空心基底102的兩端，並環繞設置於加熱層104的表面。 The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may be disposed on the same surface of the heating layer 104 or on different surfaces of the heating layer 104. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may be disposed on the surface of the heating layer 104 through a viscous or conductive adhesive (not shown) of the carbon nanotube layer. The conductive adhesive can further improve the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 while making electrical contact between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 and the carbon nanotube layer. It is fixed on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer. A voltage can be applied to the heating layer 104 through the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112. Wherein, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 are disposed apart from each other, so that when the heating layer 104 using the carbon nanotube layer is energized and heated, a certain resistance is prevented from being generated to avoid a short circuit phenomenon. Preferably, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 are spaced apart from each other at both ends of the hollow substrate 102 and surround the surface of the heating layer 104.
所述第一電極110和第二電極112為導電薄膜、金屬片或者金屬引線。該導電薄膜的材料可為金屬、合金、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、銻錫氧化物(ATO)、導電銀膠、導電聚合物等。該導電薄膜可通過物理氣相沈積法、化學氣相沈積法或其他方法形成於加熱層104表面。該金屬片或者金屬引線的材料可為銅片或鋁片等。該金屬片可通過導電黏結劑固定於加熱層104表面。 The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 are conductive films, metal sheets or metal leads. The material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver paste, conductive polymer, or the like. The conductive film may be formed on the surface of the heating layer 104 by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, or the like. The material of the metal piece or the metal lead may be a copper piece or an aluminum piece or the like. The metal sheet may be fixed to the surface of the heating layer 104 by a conductive adhesive.
所述第一電極110和第二電極112還可為一奈米碳管結構。該奈米碳管結構設置於加熱層104的外表面。該奈米碳管結構可通過其自身的黏性或導電黏結劑固定於加熱層104的外表面。該奈米碳管結構包括定向排列且均勻分佈的金屬性奈米碳管。具體地，該奈米碳管結構包括至少一有序奈米碳管薄膜或至少一奈米碳管長線。 The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may also be a carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube structure is disposed on an outer surface of the heating layer 104. The carbon nanotube structure can be attached to the outer surface of the heating layer 104 by its own viscous or electrically conductive adhesive. The carbon nanotube structure includes aligned and uniformly distributed metallic carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure comprises at least one ordered carbon nanotube film or at least one nano carbon tube long line.
本實施例中，優選地，將兩個有序奈米碳管薄膜分別設置於沿空心基底102長度方向的兩端作為第一電極110和第二電極112。該兩個有序奈米碳管薄膜環繞於加熱層104的外表面，並通過導電黏結劑與加熱層104之間形成電接觸。所述導電黏結劑優選為銀膠。由於本實施例中的加熱層104也採用奈米碳管層，故第一電極110和第二 電極112與加熱層104之間具有較小的歐姆接觸電阻，可提高空心熱源100對電能的利用率。 In the present embodiment, preferably, two ordered carbon nanotube films are respectively disposed at both ends along the longitudinal direction of the hollow substrate 102 as the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112. The two ordered carbon nanotube films surround the outer surface of the heating layer 104 and are in electrical contact with the heating layer 104 by a conductive bonding agent. The conductive adhesive is preferably a silver paste. Since the heating layer 104 in this embodiment also uses a carbon nanotube layer, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode The ohmic contact resistance between the electrode 112 and the heating layer 104 can increase the utilization of electrical energy by the hollow heat source 100.
所述反射層108用於反射加熱層104所發出的熱量，使其有效地對空心基底102內部空間加熱。故，反射層108位於加熱層104週邊，本實施例中，反射層108設置於空心基底102的外表面。反射層108的材料為一白色絕緣材料，如：金屬氧化物、金屬鹽或陶瓷等。反射層108通過濺射或塗敷的方法設置於空心基底102的外表面。本實施例中，反射層108的材料優選為三氧化二鋁，其厚度為100微米~0.5毫米。該反射層108通過濺射的方法沈積於該空心基底102外表面。可以理解，該反射層108為一可選擇結構，當空心熱源100未包括反射層時，該空心熱源100也可用於對外加熱。 The reflective layer 108 is used to reflect the heat emitted by the heating layer 104 to effectively heat the interior space of the hollow substrate 102. Therefore, the reflective layer 108 is located around the heating layer 104. In this embodiment, the reflective layer 108 is disposed on the outer surface of the hollow substrate 102. The material of the reflective layer 108 is a white insulating material such as a metal oxide, a metal salt or a ceramic. The reflective layer 108 is disposed on the outer surface of the hollow substrate 102 by sputtering or coating. In this embodiment, the material of the reflective layer 108 is preferably aluminum oxide, and has a thickness of 100 micrometers to 0.5 millimeters. The reflective layer 108 is deposited on the outer surface of the hollow substrate 102 by sputtering. It can be understood that the reflective layer 108 is an optional structure. When the hollow heat source 100 does not include a reflective layer, the hollow heat source 100 can also be used for external heating.
所述絕緣保護層106用來防止該空心熱源100在使用時與外界形成電接觸，同時還可防止加熱層104中的奈米碳管層吸附外界雜質。本實施例中，絕緣保護層106設置於加熱層104的內表面。所述絕緣保護層106的材料為一絕緣材料，如：橡膠、樹脂等。所述絕緣保護層106厚度不限，可根據實際情況選擇。優選地，該絕緣保護層106的厚度為0.5~2毫米。該絕緣保護層106可通過塗敷或濺射的方法形成於加熱層104的表面。可以理解，所述絕緣保護層106為一可選擇結構。 The insulating protective layer 106 serves to prevent the hollow heat source 100 from making electrical contact with the outside during use, and also prevents the carbon nanotube layer in the heating layer 104 from adsorbing foreign impurities. In this embodiment, the insulating protective layer 106 is disposed on the inner surface of the heating layer 104. The material of the insulating protective layer 106 is an insulating material such as rubber, resin or the like. The thickness of the insulating protective layer 106 is not limited and may be selected according to actual conditions. Preferably, the insulating protective layer 106 has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm. The insulating protective layer 106 may be formed on the surface of the heating layer 104 by coating or sputtering. It can be understood that the insulating protective layer 106 is an optional structure.
本實施例所提供的空心熱源100在應用時具體包括以下步驟：提供一待加熱的物體；將待加熱的物體設置於該空心熱源100的中心；將空心熱源100通過第一電極110與 第二電極112連接導線接入1伏-20伏的電源電壓後，加熱功率為1瓦~40瓦，該空心熱源可輻射出波長較長的電磁波。通過溫度測量儀紅外測溫儀AZ8859測量發現該空心熱源100的加熱層104表面的溫度為50℃~500℃，加熱待加熱物體。可見，該奈米碳管層具有較高的電熱轉換效率。由於加熱層104表面的熱量以熱輻射的形式傳遞給待加熱物體，加熱效果不會因為待加熱物體中各個部分因為距離空心熱源100的不同而產生較大的不同，可實現對待加熱物體的均勻加熱。對於具有黑體結構的物體來說，其所對應的溫度為200℃~450℃時就能發出人眼看不見的熱輻射(紅外線)，此時的熱輻射最穩定、效率最高，所產生的熱輻射熱量最大。 The hollow heat source 100 provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps: providing an object to be heated; placing an object to be heated at a center of the hollow heat source 100; passing the hollow heat source 100 through the first electrode 110 After the second electrode 112 is connected to the power supply voltage of 1 volt to 20 volts, the heating power is 1 watt to 40 watts, and the hollow heat source can radiate electromagnetic waves having a long wavelength. The temperature of the surface of the heating layer 104 of the hollow heat source 100 was found to be 50 ° C to 500 ° C by the temperature measuring instrument infrared thermometer AZ8859, and the object to be heated was heated. It can be seen that the carbon nanotube layer has a high electrothermal conversion efficiency. Since the heat on the surface of the heating layer 104 is transferred to the object to be heated in the form of heat radiation, the heating effect is not caused by the difference in the parts of the object to be heated because of the difference from the hollow heat source 100, and the uniformity of the object to be heated can be achieved. heating. For an object with a black body structure, the corresponding temperature of 200 ° C ~ 450 ° C can emit heat radiation (infrared) that is invisible to the human eye. At this time, the heat radiation is the most stable and efficient, and the heat radiation is generated. The largest amount.
該空心熱源100在使用時，可將其與待加熱的物體表面直接接觸或將其與被加熱的物體間隔設置，利用其熱輻射即可進行加熱。該空心熱源100可廣泛應用於如工廠管道、實驗室加熱爐或廚具電烤箱等。 When in use, the hollow heat source 100 can be in direct contact with the surface of the object to be heated or spaced from the object to be heated, and can be heated by its heat radiation. The hollow heat source 100 can be widely applied to, for example, a factory pipe, a laboratory furnace or a kitchen oven.
本實施例中所提供的空心熱源100具有以下優點：其一，加熱層104為一奈米碳管層，奈米碳管具有強的抗腐蝕性，使其可在酸性環境中工作；其二，奈米碳管比同體積的鋼強度高100倍，重量卻只有其1/6，故，採用奈米碳管的空心熱源20具有更高的強度和更輕的重量；其三，奈米碳管層為由碾壓奈米碳管陣列直接獲得，製備方法簡單，適合量產，且通過碾壓不同大小的奈米碳管陣列可獲得不同大小的奈米碳管層，奈米碳管層的尺寸可控。 The hollow heat source 100 provided in this embodiment has the following advantages: First, the heating layer 104 is a carbon nanotube layer, and the carbon nanotube has strong corrosion resistance, so that it can work in an acidic environment; The carbon nanotubes are 100 times stronger than the same volume of steel, and the weight is only 1/6. Therefore, the hollow heat source 20 using carbon nanotubes has higher strength and lighter weight; third, nano The carbon tube layer is directly obtained from the milled carbon nanotube array, the preparation method is simple, and it is suitable for mass production, and different sizes of carbon nanotube layers can be obtained by rolling different sizes of carbon nanotube arrays, and the carbon nanotubes are obtained. The size of the layers is controllable.
請參見圖5及圖6，本技術方案第二實施例提供一種空心熱源200，該空心熱源200包括一空心基底202；一加熱層204，該加熱層204設置於該空心基底202的內表面；一反射層208，該反射層208位於加熱層204的週邊；一第一電極210及一第二電極212，第一電極210和第二電極212間隔設置於加熱層204的表面，並分別與加熱層204電連接；一絕緣保護層206，該絕緣保護層206設置於加熱層104的內表面。第二實施例中所提供的空心熱源200與第一實施例所提供的空心熱源100的結構基本相同，其區別在於反射層208設置於空心基底202與加熱層204之間，位於加熱層104的外表面。所述空心基底202、加熱層204、反射層208、第一電極210及第二電極212的結構和材料與第一實施例相同。 Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , a second embodiment of the present invention provides a hollow heat source 200. The hollow heat source 200 includes a hollow substrate 202 and a heating layer 204 disposed on an inner surface of the hollow substrate 202. a reflective layer 208, the reflective layer 208 is located at the periphery of the heating layer 204; a first electrode 210 and a second electrode 212, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are spaced apart from the surface of the heating layer 204, and are respectively heated The layer 204 is electrically connected; an insulating protective layer 206 is disposed on the inner surface of the heating layer 104. The hollow heat source 200 provided in the second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the hollow heat source 100 provided in the first embodiment, except that the reflective layer 208 is disposed between the hollow substrate 202 and the heating layer 204, and is located at the heating layer 104. The outer surface. The structures and materials of the hollow substrate 202, the heating layer 204, the reflective layer 208, the first electrode 210, and the second electrode 212 are the same as those of the first embodiment.
請參見圖7及圖8，本技術方案第三實施例提供一種空心熱源300，該空心熱源300包括一空心基底302；一加熱層304；一反射層308；一第一電極310及一第二電極312，第一電極310和第二電極312間隔設置於加熱層304的表面，並分別與加熱層304電連接。第三實施例中的空心熱源300和第一實施例中的空心熱源100的結構基本相同，其區別在於，該加熱層304設置於該空心基底302的外表面，該反射層308設置於加熱層304的外表面，由於加熱層304設置於空心基底302和反射層308之間，故，無需絕緣保護層，且加熱層304與反射層308的位置不同。第三實施例中的所述空心基底302、加熱層304、反射層308的結構和材料與第一實施例相同。 Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , a third embodiment of the present invention provides a hollow heat source 300. The hollow heat source 300 includes a hollow substrate 302, a heating layer 304, a reflective layer 308, a first electrode 310 and a second. The electrode 312, the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 312 are spaced apart from each other on the surface of the heating layer 304, and are electrically connected to the heating layer 304, respectively. The hollow heat source 300 in the third embodiment has substantially the same structure as the hollow heat source 100 in the first embodiment, except that the heating layer 304 is disposed on the outer surface of the hollow substrate 302, and the reflective layer 308 is disposed on the heating layer. The outer surface of the 304, since the heating layer 304 is disposed between the hollow substrate 302 and the reflective layer 308, does not require an insulating protective layer, and the heating layer 304 and the reflective layer 308 are positioned differently. The structure and material of the hollow substrate 302, the heating layer 304, and the reflective layer 308 in the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡習知本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
100,200,300‧‧‧空心熱源 100,200,300‧‧‧ hollow heat source
102,202,302‧‧‧空心基底 102,202,302‧‧‧ hollow base
104,204,304‧‧‧加熱層 104,204,304‧‧‧heating layer
106,206‧‧‧絕緣保護層 106,206‧‧‧Insulating protective layer
108,208,308‧‧‧反射層 108,208,308‧‧‧reflective layer
110.210,310‧‧‧第一電極 110.210, 310‧‧‧ first electrode
112,212,312‧‧‧第二電極 112,212,312‧‧‧second electrode
圖1為本技術方案第一實施例所提供的空心熱源的結構示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hollow heat source provided by a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖2為圖1沿II-II線的剖面示意圖。 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 1.
圖3為本技術方案第一實施例採用的包括沿不同方向擇優取向排列的奈米碳管的奈米碳管層的掃描電鏡照片。 FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube layer comprising carbon nanotubes arranged in different orientations according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
圖4為本技術方案第一實施例採用的包括沿同一方向擇優取向排列的奈米碳管的奈米碳管層的掃描電鏡照片。 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube layer including carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation in the same direction, which is used in the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖5為本技術方案第二實施例所提供的空心熱源的結構示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hollow heat source according to a second embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖6為圖5沿VI-VI線的剖面示意圖。 Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of Figure 5.
圖7為本技術方案第三實施例所提供的空心熱源的結構示意圖。 FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a hollow heat source according to a third embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖8為圖7沿VIII-VIII線的剖面示意圖。 Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.
100‧‧‧空心熱源 100‧‧‧ Hollow heat source
102‧‧‧空心基底 102‧‧‧ hollow base
104‧‧‧加熱層 104‧‧‧heating layer
106‧‧‧絕緣保護層 106‧‧‧Insulating protective layer
108‧‧‧反射層 108‧‧‧reflective layer
110‧‧‧第一電極 110‧‧‧First electrode
112‧‧‧第二電極 112‧‧‧second electrode
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4563572A (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1986-01-07 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | High-efficiency task heater |
| US6809298B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-10-26 | Thermos K.K. | Thermal insulation container with electric heater |
| TW200732250A (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-09-01 | Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien | Oriented carbon nanotube bulk aggregate and manufacturing method thereof and use thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4563572A (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1986-01-07 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | High-efficiency task heater |
| US6809298B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-10-26 | Thermos K.K. | Thermal insulation container with electric heater |
| TW200732250A (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-09-01 | Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien | Oriented carbon nanotube bulk aggregate and manufacturing method thereof and use thereof |
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