CN100395462C - 带支承盘的外部连接件 - Google Patents

带支承盘的外部连接件 Download PDF

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CN100395462C
CN100395462C CNB200480027178XA CN200480027178A CN100395462C CN 100395462 C CN100395462 C CN 100395462C CN B200480027178X A CNB200480027178X A CN B200480027178XA CN 200480027178 A CN200480027178 A CN 200480027178A CN 100395462 C CN100395462 C CN 100395462C
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wheel hub
annular disk
outer part
bearing
axle journal
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CN1856662A (zh
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N·R·埃瑞塔
J·洛玛泰特
J·埃瑞兰格
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GKN Driveline International GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/2237—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts where the grooves are composed of radii and adjoining straight lines, i.e. undercut free [UF] type joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/185—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with two raceways provided integrally on a part other than a race ring, e.g. a shaft or housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F16C35/0635—Fixing them on the shaft the bore of the inner ring being of special non-cylindrical shape which co-operates with a complementary shape on the shaft, e.g. teeth, polygonal sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22326—Attachments to the outer joint member, i.e. attachments to the exterior of the outer joint member or to the shaft of the outer joint member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S464/00—Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
    • Y10S464/904—Homokinetic coupling
    • Y10S464/906—Torque transmitted via radially spaced balls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种恒速万向接头(11)的钟形连接件(16)形式的外部连接件(12)，带有附属连接轴颈(17)和在连接轴颈(17)底部在钟形连接件(16)上的径向支承面(18)，其中，外部连接件通过螺纹设施可以张紧在轮毂(25)上，该轮毂需要滑装在连接轴颈上，并且直接或者间接地被支承面(18)支承，其中设置由具有低摩擦系数的材料制成的环形盘(22)，定位在支承面(18)上并且相对于连接轴颈(17)是同心的。

Description

带支承盘的外部连接件
发明领域
本发明涉及一种钟形联结件形式的恒速万向接头使用的外部连接件，该钟形件带有连接轴颈和在钟形联结件上的、连接轴颈底部上径向支承面，其中，外部连接件，通过螺纹连接，可以紧固在轮毂上，而该轮毂滑装在连接轴颈上，并且直接或间接支承在支承面上。
此外，本发明涉及一种由带外部连接件的恒速万向接头组成的组件，该外部连接件为连接钟形联结件形式并带有连接轴颈和在钟形联结件上连接轴颈底部上的径向支承面，以及滑装在连接轴颈上的轮毂，并且通过螺纹连接，紧固在外部连接件上，其中轮毂是直接或间接支承在支承面上的。
背景技术
这样形式的组件应用在被驱动机动车辆的车轮轴承区域。恒速万向接头在机动车辆的驱动轴或侧轴的车轮端形成连接。当将轴安装到轮毂组件时，在轮毂和外部连接件之间通过螺纹连接设施发生轴向紧固操作，其中或者通过固定在轮毂上轮轴承的内座圈或者通过轮毂本身而完成互相支承，在两种情况中，均相对于在外部连接件的支承面上。当车辆在使用中，虽然有很高的紧固力，在外部连接件的支承面上还是可能发生微小运动，而这将产生大量的噪音。所述微小运动是不均匀力的结果并且也可能由于旋转弯曲力矩。即使互相接触的表面经过非常仔细的机械加工，至今还不能避免所述的噪音发生。
发明内容
因此本发明目的是通过抑制噪音的发展而解决所述问题。所述解决方法是提供一种所述类型的外部连接件，其特征为采用具有低摩擦系数的材料制成的环形盘，并且其位置处于支承面上而相对于连接轴颈同心。更具体地说，环形盘可包括从其本身外部边缘开始的圆柱形部分并且位于连接钟形联结件压紧闭锁合的适当圆柱部分上，即在径向预拉力下。
相应地由恒速万向接头和所述类型轮毂组成的组件的特征在于提供一种具有低摩擦系数的材料制成的环形盘，并且其位置直接处于支承面上而相对于连接轴颈同心，和可以适应螺纹设施的夹紧力。按照第一实施例，建议在轮毂上滑装一个通过螺纹设施在轴向预张紧的轴承装置，并且其内座圈一方面轴向地支承在轮毂上，而另一方面在螺纹设施的负荷下支承在环形盘上。或者，轴承装置滑装在轮毂上，而所述轴承装置的内部座圈通过在轮毂上的环形卷边部分夹紧在轮毂上，其环形卷边部分在螺纹设施的负荷下直接支承在环形盘上。环形卷边部分是在轴承装置已经滑装以后通过使轮毂塑性变形产生的。低摩擦环形盘选择得，使已经一方面分配于环形盘和外部连接件之间的微小的运动，另一方面分配于环形盘和内部轴承座圈或卷边部分之间，而不能再产生任何噪音。
按照第一建议，环形盘由铁质材料制成并且包括二硫化钼(摩力克(Molykote))D321R涂层。在施加涂层以前，环形盘可进行磷酸盐化或喷砂处理。还有可能环形盘由青铜或非铁金属制成。最后按照另一实施例，可能使环形盘由适当的、高强度、任选的纤维加强塑料制成。
附图说明
本发明较佳实施例将结合附图在下面加以描述，其中：
图1为具有本发明的带支承盘的外部连接件的恒速万向接头纵向剖面图。
图2为本发明第一实施例的由恒速万向接头和轮毂组成的组件的纵向剖面图。
图3为本发明第二实施例的由恒速万向接头和轮毂组成的组件的纵向剖面图。
图4为与图2相类似，但有所变化的本发明实施例中的组件的纵向剖面图。
图5为与图3相类似，但有所变化的本发明实施例中的组件的纵向剖面图。
较佳实施例的详细描述
图1示出了一恒速万向接头11，包括本发明的一外部连接件12、一内部连接件13、隔离环14和多个扭矩传递钢珠之一。本发明的外部连接件12包括钟形联结件16、固定在其上的连接轴颈17和相对于所述连接轴颈17同心地设置的径向支承面18。在连接轴颈17外面，设置有轴齿19以便提供与轮毂25扭矩传递啮合和具有内螺纹21的内孔20，内螺纹可配合张紧螺栓。在径向支承面18上，设置一支承盘22，在其外圆周上改变成为圆柱形部分23，该部分与外部连接件12的圆柱形梯级24紧密配合固定。
在图2中，任何与图1中相同的零件均用相同的编号表示。轮毂25通过反齿26紧密地啮合已经滑装在连接轴颈17上的轴齿19。轮毂25后部为连接在制动盘28上的车轮凸缘27，其连接方式未在图中详细示出。通过张紧螺栓29(其螺栓头30支承在车轮凸缘27上并且旋入通孔20的内螺纹21中)，轮毂紧固在外部连接件12上。在轮毂25上，滑入双排轴承34，其轴承内圈32、33一方面轴向地支承在车轮凸缘27的梯级35上，另一方面，在螺栓29的预张紧力下支承在支承盘22上。车轮轴承34的外座圈31已经***车轮载体。在所选择的车轮轴承中，轴承的预张紧由张紧螺栓29设定。
在图3中，任何与图1中相同的零件均用相同的编号表示。轮毂25通过反齿26紧密地啮合已经滑装在连接轴颈17上的轴齿19。轮毂25后部为连接在制动盘28上的车轮凸缘27，其连接方式未在图中详细显示。通过张紧螺栓29(其螺栓头30支承在车轮凸缘27上并且旋入通孔20的内螺纹21中)，轮毂紧固在外部连接件12上。在轮毂17(25)中滑入双排(车辆)轴承34，其轴承内圈32、33支承在车轮凸缘27的梯级35上，并且通过轮毂25的卷边部分39轴向地张紧和固定。通过环形面，在螺栓29的预张紧力下，所述卷边部分39依靠在支座盘22上。在该情况中，车轮轴承34的外座圈31***车轮载体36中。轴承的预张紧力由生产过程和卷边部分的形状决定。
在图4中，任何与图2中相同的细节均以相同的编号表示。为此，可参阅图2的描述。图中的零部件具有少许不同的几何形状，更具体地说，螺栓29的头部30变化较大。制动盘未予显示。图中完整地显示包括密封件和轴承隔离环的车轮轴承。轴承外座圈与车轮载体36成为整体。车轮凸缘27和车轮载体36上具有凸缘孔37、38。支承盘22可防止轴承内座圈33和外连接件16的支承面18之间直接接触，这样，在负荷下，可以由支承盘在无噪音方式下吸收相对运动。
在图5中，任何与图2中相同的细节均用相同编号表示。因此，可参参阅图2的描述。图中的零部件具有少许不同的几何形状，更具体地说，螺栓29的头部30变化较大。制动盘未予显示。图中完整地显示了包括密封件和轴承隔离环的车轮轴承。轴承外座圈与车轮载体36成为整体。车轮凸缘27和车轮载体上具有凸缘孔37、38。支承盘22可防止珠状部分环形边卷边部分39和外连接件16的支承面18之间直接接触，如此，在负荷下，可以由支承盘在无噪音方式下吸收相对微小运动。
编号一览表
11恒速万向接头
12外部连接件
13内部连接件
14钢珠座圈
15钢珠
16钢珠
17连接轴颈
18支承面
19轴齿
20孔
21螺纹
22环形盘
23圆柱形部分
24圆柱形部分
25轮毂
26内齿
27车轮凸缘
28制动盘
29螺栓
30螺栓头部
31轴承外座圈
32轴承内座圈
33轴承内座圈
34车轮轴承
35支承面
36车轮载体
37螺栓孔
38螺栓孔
39卷边部分

Claims (12)

1.一种恒速万向接头(11)的钟形连接件(16)形式的外部连接件(12)，带有附属连接轴颈(17)和在连接轴颈(17)底部在钟形连接件(16)上的径向支承面(18)，其中，外部连接(12)件通过螺纹设施可以紧固在轮毂(25)上，该轮毂需要滑装在连接轴颈上，并且直接或者间接地被支承面(18)支承，其特征在于，有一个具有低摩擦系数的材料制成的环形盘(22)设置在支承面(18)上，并且相对于连接轴颈(17)是同心的。
2.如权利要求1所述的外部连接件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)包括圆柱形部分(23)，该部分从其本身外部边缘开始，并且以压紧闭锁方式设置在连接钟形件(16)上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的外部连接件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)包括由二硫化钼D321R构成的涂层。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的外部连接件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)由青铜构成。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的外部连接件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)由任选的纤维加强塑料构成。
6.一种由恒速万向接头(11)构成的组件，该万向接头带有钟形连接件(16)形式的外部连接件(12)，还带有附属连接轴颈(17)和在连接轴颈(17)底部在钟形连接件(16)上的径向支承面(18)，以及滑装在连接轴颈(17)上的轮毂(25)，并该轮毂通过螺纹设施夹紧在外部连接件(12)上，其中轮毂(25)直接或间接地支承在支承面(18)上，其特征在于，有一个具有低摩擦系数的材料制成的环形盘(22)直接设置在支承面(18)上，并且相对于连接轴颈(17)是同心的，和适应螺纹设施的夹紧力。
7.如权利要求6所述的外部连接件，其特征在于，在轮毂(25)上具有滑装的轴承装置(34)，其轴承内座圈一方面轴向地支承在轮毂(25)上，而另一方面支承在环形盘(22)上。
8.如权利要求6所述的组件，其特征在于，在轮毂(25)上，滑装的轴承装置(34)，其轴承内座圈利用在轮毂(25)上的环形卷边部分(39)轴向地夹紧在轮毂(25)上，其中，环形卷边部分(39)轴向地直接支承在环形盘(22)上。
9.如权利要求6到8中任一项所述的组件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)包括圆柱形部分(23)，该部分从其本身外部边缘开始，并且以压紧闭锁方式设置在连接钟形件(16)上。
10.如权利要求6到8中任一项所述的组件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)包括由二硫化钼D321R构成的涂层。
11.如权利要求6到8中任一项所述的组件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)由青铜构成。
12.如权利要求6到8中任一项所述的组件，其特征在于，环形盘(22)由塑料构成。
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US20060223643A1 (en) 2006-10-05
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DE50306919D1 (de) 2007-05-10
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