WO2023051476A1 - 滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备 - Google Patents

滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051476A1
WO2023051476A1 PCT/CN2022/121458 CN2022121458W WO2023051476A1 WO 2023051476 A1 WO2023051476 A1 WO 2023051476A1 CN 2022121458 W CN2022121458 W CN 2022121458W WO 2023051476 A1 WO2023051476 A1 WO 2023051476A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
liquid crystal
substrate
filter assembly
crystal layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/121458
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李松杰
王丹
Original Assignee
维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2023051476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051476A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular relates to a filter assembly, a camera module and electronic equipment.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a filter assembly, camera module and electronic equipment, at least to solve the problems in the prior art that the driver is installed in the camera module, which easily causes the size of the camera module to be large and the power consumption is high one.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a filter assembly, including: a first substrate, a second substrate, a filter layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer, wherein,
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the second substrate is connected to the The second electrode is away from the side of the liquid crystal layer, and the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted;
  • the filter layer is disposed between the first substrate and the first electrode.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, including: the above-mentioned filter assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the above-mentioned filter assembly.
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, so The second substrate is connected to the side of the second electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the filter layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first electrode, so that the first substrate, the The filter layer, the first electrode, the liquid crystal layer, the second electrode, and the second substrate are sequentially stacked to form the filter assembly, and the filter assembly can achieve specific filtering through the filter layer. wavelength of light.
  • the shooting effect of the camera module can be improved; and because the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted, and the camera module can be realized.
  • the zoom function of the camera group does not need to set the driver to drive the lens movement, which can avoid the problems of large size and high power consumption of the camera module caused by the driver.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filter assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a filter layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3B is a schematic structural diagram of a first alignment film according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic structural diagram of a second alignment film according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3D is a schematic structural diagram of a first electrode according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another liquid crystal layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 100-filter assembly 1-first substrate, 2-filter layer, 21-color channel, 3-first alignment film, 31-first polarizing region, 4-first electrode, 41-first electrode unit, 5-liquid crystal layer, 51-liquid crystal region, 6-second electrode, 7-second alignment film, 71-second polarizing region, 8-second substrate, 200-lens, 300-photosensitive chip.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.
  • the camera module usually includes a lens, a filter, and a photosensitive chip.
  • the filter can be arranged between the lens and the photosensitive chip, and the lens can refract and converge light. , the filter can change the color of the image captured by the photosensitive chip.
  • the photosensitive chip is the core device of the camera module, which can convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal and perform calculation processing. Specifically, the light collected by the lens passes through the filter and enters the photosensitive chip for photoelectric conversion, which can realize the shooting function of the camera module.
  • a filter assembly which may specifically include: a first substrate 1 , a second substrate 8 , a filter layer 2 , and a first electrode 4 , the second electrode 6 and the liquid crystal layer 5, wherein the liquid crystal layer 5 is arranged between the first electrode 4 and the second electrode 6, the first substrate 1 is arranged on the side of the first electrode 4 away from the liquid crystal layer 5, and the second substrate 8 is connected to the side of the second electrode 6 away from the liquid crystal layer 5 , the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 5 can be adjusted; the filter layer 2 is arranged between the first substrate 1 and the first electrode 4 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 is arranged between the first electrode 4 and the second electrode 6, the first substrate 1 is arranged on the side of the first electrode 4 away from the liquid crystal layer 5, and the second substrate 8 is connected to the first electrode 4.
  • the second electrode 6 is away from the side of the liquid crystal layer 5, and the filter layer 2 is arranged between the first substrate 1 and the first electrode 4, so that the first substrate 1, the filter layer 2, the first electrode 4, the liquid crystal layer 5, the first electrode 4
  • the two electrodes 6 and the second substrate 8 are sequentially stacked to form a filter assembly 100 , and the filter assembly 100 can filter light of a specific wavelength through the filter layer 2 .
  • the shooting effect of the camera module can be improved; and because the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 5 can be adjusted, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted, and the camera module can be realized.
  • the zoom function there is no need to set the driver to drive the lens 200 to move, which can avoid the problems of large size and high power consumption of the camera module caused by the driver.
  • the electrical signal between the first electrode 4 and the second electrode 6 is adjustable, and by changing the voltage value between the first electrode 4 and the second electrode 6, the liquid crystal layer 5 can be changed. Transmittance.
  • the second electrode 6 can also be eliminated, and one side of the liquid crystal layer 5 is connected to the first electrode 4, and the other side is grounded. In this way, the light transmission of the liquid crystal layer 5 can be changed by adjusting the voltage value of the first electrode 4. Rate.
  • the camera module can be formed by a combination of an optical filter assembly 100 , a lens 200 and a photosensitive chip 300 , and the optical filter assembly 100 can be arranged between the lens 200 and the photosensitive chip 300 .
  • the filter assembly 100 may include: a multilayer structure such as a first substrate 1, a second substrate 8, a filter layer 2, a first electrode 4, a second electrode 6, and a liquid crystal layer 5, which can improve the performance of the filter assembly 100. Structural strength, when it is applied to camera technology, can improve the stability of camera module shooting.
  • the manufacturing method of the filter assembly 100 can refer to the manufacturing method of a liquid crystal screen in the prior art, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 may include liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules have the characteristic of electrically variable refractive index.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules changes, and the liquid crystal layer can be changed.
  • a refractive index of 5, that is, the optical path of the light changes, which can realize the auto-focus function of the camera module.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the liquid crystal molecules may be oval, circular, rectangular, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in different directions is different.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the liquid crystal molecule as an ellipse as an example, the following description is made, and other settings can be referred to: when the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the refractive index can be the largest, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is parallel to the first substrate 1
  • the refractive index of the plane is the smallest, and the refractive index of liquid crystal molecules is positively correlated with the alignment angle (the angle between the long axis and the plane of the first substrate 1), and the size of the alignment angle can be related to the first electrode 4 and the second electrode 6. Correlation between electrical signals.
  • the first substrate 1, the second substrate 8, the filter layer 2, the first electrode 4, the second electrode 6, and the liquid crystal layer 5 can all have good light transmittance, and the filter layer 2 can control the transmission of specific wavelengths. light.
  • the first electrode 4 may be provided with a plurality of independently arranged first electrode units 41
  • the second electrode 6 may be provided with a plurality of independently arranged second electrode units 61 correspondingly.
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 Can include a plurality of liquid crystal regions 51; the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; the liquid crystal region 51 is correspondingly arranged between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61; wherein, in the first electrode unit When the electrical signal between the unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 changes, the light transmittance of the corresponding liquid crystal region 51 can be adjusted.
  • the liquid crystal region 51 is correspondingly arranged between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61, and when the electrical signal between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 changes, The light transmittance of the corresponding liquid crystal region 51 can be adjusted.
  • the filter assembly 100 is applied to the imaging technology, by adjusting the light transmittance of different liquid crystal regions 51, aberration, distortion, curvature of field, uneven brightness, etc. can be avoided phenomenon, optimize the final image quality, and improve the shooting effect.
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 may include four liquid crystal regions 51: N1, N2, N3 and N4, N1, N2, N3 and N4 respectively correspond to different electrical signals, for example, the direction from N1 to N2 corresponds to
  • the light transmittance of the liquid crystal region 51 can be sequentially decreased, sequentially increased, alternately changed, etc., specifically determined according to the brightness of the light collected by the lens 200, which can achieve uniform brightness of the imaging surface of the photosensitive chip 300 and improve the imaging effect.
  • the filter assembly 100 can realize the function of a variable aperture, so that the camera module can achieve multi-functional shooting effects such as main camera shooting, wide-angle shooting, and telephoto shooting. .
  • the filter assembly 100 may include a first alignment film 3 and a second alignment film 7; the first alignment film 3 may be disposed between the filter layer 2 and the first electrode 4, and the second alignment film 7 may be disposed between between the second electrode 6 and the second substrate 8 .
  • the use of the first alignment film 3 and the second alignment film 7 can control the transmission of light that is consistent with its polarization state, and can reduce the crosstalk between different colors of light. During the shooting process, no crosstalk can be obtained. The color image can improve the shooting effect of the camera module.
  • orientation of the first alignment film 3 and the orientation of the second alignment film 7 can be parallel, perpendicular, or at any angle, which can be set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first alignment film 3 may be provided with a plurality of first polarization regions 31, the second alignment film 7 may be provided with a plurality of second polarization regions 71 correspondingly, and the filter layer 2 may be provided with a plurality of color channels 21; Both the first polarization area 31 and the second polarization area 71 can be set corresponding to the color channel 21 .
  • the light passing through the color channel 21 can pass through the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 71 in sequence.
  • the crosstalk between them improves the shooting effect of the camera module.
  • the filter layer 2, the first alignment film 3, the first electrode 4, the second electrode 6, and the second alignment film 7 are all correspondingly arranged, and the color channels 21 of the filter layer 2 can be arranged periodically, as shown in FIG. 3A, One of the arrangement periods is shown, and one arrangement period includes four color channels 21: R (red, red) channel, two G (green, green) channels and B (blue, blue) channel.
  • the first alignment film 3 includes four corresponding first polarizing regions 31, and the orientation of each first polarizing region 31 is shown in the direction of the arrow in Figure 3B; as shown in Figure 3C, the second orientation The film 7 includes corresponding four second polarizing regions 71 , each of which is oriented as shown in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3C .
  • the projections of the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 overlap, and the electrical signals between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 include: U1, U2, U3 and U4, U1, U2 , U3 and U4 are set corresponding to the four color channels 21 respectively.
  • U1 can control the rotation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal region 51 corresponding to the R channel
  • U2 and U3 can respectively control the rotation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal region 51 corresponding to the two G channels
  • U4 can control the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal region 51 corresponding to the B channel.
  • Liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal region 51 rotate. Since the liquid crystal molecules have the ability to rotate the polarization direction of the incident light, changing the values of U1, U2, U3 and U4 can change the rotation angle of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the rotation angle of the polarization direction of the incident light, and realizing the cycle of the color channel 21 sex cut off.
  • a voltage U1 is applied to the liquid crystal region 51 corresponding to the R channel, and the liquid crystal molecules rotate, so that the polarization direction of the light is rotated by 90 degrees, and the light can pass through the second orientation
  • the film 7 is irradiated onto the photosensitive chip 300 .
  • the photosensitive chip 300 can obtain monochromatic color through the light of the R channel. image, avoiding the crosstalk between G channel and B channel.
  • the monochrome images of G channel and B channel can also be obtained in time sequence, and the final color image can be fused with the help of multi-frame rate monochrome images in the later stage. Ensuring the matching of the voltage control and the response speed of the liquid crystal molecules can ensure that a three-color image of the same scene can be obtained within a short time interval.
  • a plurality of liquid crystal regions 51 can be arranged concentrically.
  • a plurality of liquid crystal regions 51 are concentrically arranged to facilitate the control of light transmittance of each liquid crystal region 51 to realize the zoom function of the camera module.
  • the light transmittance corresponding to the liquid crystal region 51 can be controlled separately to realize a variable aperture, and the number of apertures can be flexibly adjusted to realize different shooting functions such as main camera, wide-angle, and telephoto.
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 can be divided into a plurality of liquid crystal regions 51 symmetrically and outwardly around the physical center of the liquid crystal layer 5 .
  • Different liquid crystal regions 51 can be provided with the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 correspondingly. By adjusting the electrical signal between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61, the aperture size of the light transmission hole can be adjusted to realize variable aperture.
  • the structure of the liquid crystal layer 5 may be circular, and along its radial direction, the liquid crystal layer 5 may be divided into two liquid crystal regions 51 : a circular region and an annular region.
  • the electrical signal between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 is set to U5, the light can pass through; when the electrical signal between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 is U6, the light can not pass through , to realize the "on" and "off” of the light.
  • the electrical signal of the circular area and the ring area are both U5, the light transmission aperture is larger; when the electrical signal corresponding to the circular area is U5, and the electrical signal corresponding to the ring area is U6, the light transmission aperture is smaller.
  • FIG. 4 is only an example where the number of apertures is 2. For other situations, reference may be made to the setting, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the shape of the liquid crystal region 51 may include: at least one of circle, rectangle, ring and irregular polygon.
  • the shape of the liquid crystal region 51 includes at least one of circle, rectangle, ring and irregular polygon, which can increase the diversity of the configuration of the liquid crystal region 51 and realize light transmission holes of different shapes.
  • the filter assembly 100 may include a controller, and the controller may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 respectively, and may be used to adjust the first electrode unit 41 and the magnitude of the electrical signal between the second electrode unit 61.
  • the controller it is more convenient and faster to use the controller to adjust the magnitude of the electric signal between the first electrode unit 41 and the second electrode unit 61 , and the sensitivity is higher.
  • the filter assembly 100 may include a packaging structure, and the first substrate 1, the second substrate 8, the filter layer 2, the first electrode 4, the second electrode 6 and the liquid crystal layer 5 are all packaged in within the package structure.
  • the package structure can fix and seal the first substrate 1, the second substrate 8, the filter layer 2, the first electrode 4, the second electrode 6 and the liquid crystal layer 5, and To protect the effect, the structural stability of the filter assembly 100 can be improved.
  • the packaging structure may be a plastic part or a metal part, which may be set according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, so The second substrate is connected to the side of the second electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the filter layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first electrode, so that the first substrate, the The filter layer, the first electrode, the liquid crystal layer, the second electrode, and the second substrate are sequentially stacked to form the filter assembly, and the filter assembly can achieve specific filtering through the filter layer. wavelength of light.
  • the shooting effect of the camera module can be improved; and because the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted, and the camera module can be realized.
  • the zoom function of the module does not need to set the driver to drive the lens movement, which can avoid the problems of large size and high power consumption of the camera module caused by the driver.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a camera module, which may specifically include the above-mentioned filter assembly.
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, so The second substrate is connected to the side of the second electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the filter layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first electrode, so that the first substrate, the The filter layer, the first electrode, the liquid crystal layer, the second electrode, and the second substrate are sequentially stacked to form the filter assembly, and the filter assembly can achieve specific filtering through the filter layer. wavelength of light.
  • the shooting effect of the camera module can be improved; and because the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted, and the camera module can be realized.
  • the zoom function of the module does not need to set the driver to drive the lens movement, which can avoid the problems of large size and high power consumption of the camera module caused by the driver.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which may specifically include the above-mentioned filter assembly.
  • the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, so The second substrate is connected to the side of the second electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the filter layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first electrode, so that the first substrate, the The filter layer, the first electrode, the liquid crystal layer, the second electrode, and the second substrate are sequentially stacked to form the filter assembly, and the filter assembly can achieve specific filtering through the filter layer. wavelength of light.
  • the shooting effect of the camera module can be improved; and because the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted, and the camera module can be realized.
  • the zoom function of the module does not need to set the driver to drive the lens movement, which can avoid the problems of large size and high power consumption of the camera module caused by the driver.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application.
  • schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备，所述滤光组件包括：第一基板、第二基板、滤光层、第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，其中，所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述液晶层的透光率可调节；所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间。

Description

滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年09月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111168546.4、名称为“滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电子设备技术领域，具体涉及一种滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备。
背景技术
近年来，随着智能电子设备的技术的迅猛发展，用户对电子设备的需求也越来越大，同时对电子设备的体验感的要求也越来越高。其中，拍摄功能较为受到用户的关注，电子设备的拍摄模组所具有的功能越来越丰富，但是用户对摄像模组的要求也越来越高。
目前，常用的摄像模组可以实现自动变焦的功能，通常借助于驱动件带动镜头运动。然而，在摄像模组内设置驱动件，容易造成摄像模组的尺寸较大，功耗较高。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备，至少解决现有技术中，在摄像模组内设置驱动件，容易造成摄像模组的尺寸较大，功耗较高的问题之一。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种滤光组件，包括：第一基板、第二基板、滤光层、第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，其中，
所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二 电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述液晶层的透光率可调节；
所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间。
第二方面，本申请实施例提出了一种摄像模组，包括：上述滤光组件。
第三方面，本申请实施例提出了一种电子设备，包括：上述滤光组件。
在本申请的实施例中，所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间，使得所述第一基板、所述滤光层、所述第一电极、所述液晶层、所述第二电极和所述第二基板依次堆叠形成所述滤光组件，所述滤光组件可以通过所述滤光层实现过滤特定波长的光线。在将所述滤光组件应用于摄像技术的情况下，可以提高摄像模组的拍摄效果；而且由于所述液晶层的透光率可以调节，使得摄像模组的焦距可调节，可以实现摄像模组的变焦功能，无需设置驱动件驱动镜头运动，可以避免出现由驱动件造成的摄像模组尺寸较大、功耗较高的问题。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本申请实施例的一种滤光组件的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例的一种摄像模组的结构示意图；
图3A是本申请实施例的一种滤光层的结构示意图；
图3B是本申请实施例的一种第一取向膜的结构示意图；
图3C是本申请实施例的一种第二取向膜的结构示意图；
图3D是本申请实施例的一种第一电极的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例的一种液晶层的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例的另一种液晶层的结构示意图。
附图标记：
100-滤光组件，1-第一基板，2-滤光层，21-色彩通道，3-第一取向膜，31-第一偏振区域，4-第一电极，41-第一电极单元，5-液晶层，51-液晶区域，6-第二电极，7-第二取向膜，71-第二偏振区域，8-第二基板，200-镜头，300-感光芯片。
具体实施例
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“径向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连 接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在实际应用中，摄像模组通常包括镜头、滤光片和感光芯片，滤光片可以设置在所述镜头和所述感光芯片之间，所述镜头可以起到对光线进行折射和汇聚的作用，所述滤光片可以改变感光芯片获取的图像颜色，感光芯片是摄像模组的核心器件，可以将接收的光信号转换成电信号，并进行运算处理。具体地，所述镜头采集的光线穿过所述滤光片进入所述感光芯片，进行光电转换，可以实现所述摄像模组的拍摄功能。
下面结合图1-图5描述本申请实施例的滤光组件、摄像模组以及电子设备。
如图1所示，第一方面，在本申请的一些实施例中，公开了一种滤光组件，具体可以包括：第一基板1、第二基板8、滤光层2、第一电极4、第二电极6以及液晶层5，其中，液晶层5设于第一电极4和第二电极6之间，第一基板1设于第一电极4远离液晶层5的一侧，第二基板8连接于第二电极6远离液晶层5的一侧，液晶层5的透光率可调节；滤光层2设于第一基板1和第一电极4之间。
在本申请的实施例中，液晶层5设于第一电极4和第二电极6之间，第一基板1设于第一电极4远离液晶层5的一侧，第二基板8连接于第二电极6远离液晶层5的一侧，滤光层2设于第一基板1和第一电极4之间，使得第一基板1、滤光层2、第一电极4、液晶层5、第二电极6和第二基板8依次堆叠形成滤光组件100，滤光组件100可以通过滤光层2实现过滤特定波长的光线。在将滤光组件100应用于摄像技术的情况下，可以提高摄像模组的拍摄效果；而且由于液晶层5的透光率可以调节，使得摄像模组的焦距可调节，可以实现摄像模组的变焦功能，无需设置驱动件驱动镜头200运动，可以避免出现由驱动件造成的摄像模组尺寸 较大、功耗较高的问题。
具体地，在本申请实施例中，第一电极4和第二电极6之间的电信号可调，通过改变第一电极4和第二电极6之间的电压值，可以改变液晶层5的透光率。
或者，还可以取消第二电极6，将液晶层5的一侧与第一电极4连接，另一侧接地处理，这样，通过调节第一电极4的电压值即可改变液晶层5的透光率。
如图2所示，摄像模组可以由滤光组件100、镜头200和感光芯片300组合形成，滤光组件100可以设置在镜头200和感光芯片300之间。
具体地，滤光组件100可以包括：第一基板1、第二基板8、滤光层2、第一电极4、第二电极6以及液晶层5等多层结构，可以提高滤光组件100的结构强度，在将其应用于摄像技术的情况下，可以提高摄像模组拍摄的稳定性。
具体地，由于滤光组件100包括液晶层5，滤光组件100的制造方式可以参考现有技术中的液晶屏幕的制造方式，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
进一步地，液晶层5可以包括液晶分子，液晶分子具有电控折射率可变的特性，在液晶层5两侧受到的电压差发生改变的情况下，液晶分子的取向发生变化，可以改变液晶层5的折射率，即光线的光程发生改变，可以实现摄像模组的自动对焦功能。
具体地，液晶分子的截面形状可以为椭圆形、圆形、长方形等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定，只要满足液晶分子在不同方向上的折射率具有差异性即可。以液晶分子的截面形状为椭圆形为例进行以下说明，其他可参考设置：液晶分子的长轴垂直于第一基板1平面时的折射率可以最大，液晶分子的长轴平行于第一基板1平面时的折射率最小，液晶分子的折射率与排列方向角(长轴与第一基板1平面之间的夹角)呈正相关，排列方向角的大小可以与第一电极4和第二电极6之间的电信号 相关。
具体地，第一基板1、第二基板8、滤光层2、第一电极4、第二电极6以及液晶层5均可以具有良好的透光性，滤光层2可以控制透射特定波长的光线。
根据本申请的又一些实施例中，第一电极4可以设置有多个独立设置的第一电极单元41，第二电极6可以对应设置有多个独立设置的第二电极单元61，液晶层5可以包括多个液晶区域51；第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61一一对应设置；液晶区域51对应设置在第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间；其中，在第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号发生改变的情况下，对应的液晶区域51的透光率可调节。
在本申请实施例中，液晶区域51对应设置在第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间，在第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号发生改变的情况下，可以调节对应的液晶区域51的透光率，在将滤光组件100应用于摄像技术的情况下，通过调节不同液晶区域51的透光率，可以避免像差、畸变、场曲、亮度不均等现象，优化最终的成像质量，提高拍摄效果。
如图5所示，液晶层5可以包括四个液晶区域51：N1、N2、N3和N4，N1、N2、N3和N4分别对应不同的电信号，例如，由N1至N2的方向，对应的液晶区域51的透光率可以依次递减、依次递增、交替变化等，具体可根据镜头200采集的光线亮度而定，可以实现感光芯片300的成像面亮度均匀，提高成像效果。
具体地，由于不同液晶区域51的透光率可以各自独立调节，滤光组件100可以实现可变光圈的作用，使得摄像模组可以实现主摄拍摄、广角拍摄、长焦拍摄等多功能拍摄效果。
可选地，滤光组件100可以包括第一取向膜3和第二取向膜7；第一取向膜3可以设于滤光层2和第一电极4之间，第二取向膜7可以设于第二电极6和第二基板8之间。
在本申请实施例中，采用第一取向膜3和第二取向膜7，可以控制与其偏振态一致的光线透过，可以降低不同颜色光线之间的串扰，在拍摄过程中，可以获取无串扰的彩色图像，提高摄像模组的拍摄效果。
具体地，第一取向膜3的取向和第二取向膜7的取向可以平行、垂直或者呈任意夹角，具体可根据实际需求进行设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选地，第一取向膜3可以设置有多个第一偏振区域31，第二取向膜7可以对应设置有多个第二偏振区域71，滤光层2可以设置有多个色彩通道21；第一偏振区域31、第二偏振区域71均可以与色彩通道21对应设置。
在本申请实施例中，经过色彩通道21的光线可以依次经过第一偏振区域31和第二偏振区域71，在第一偏振区域31和第二偏振区域71的配合下，可以避免不同颜色光线之间的串扰，提高摄像模组的拍摄效果。
具体地，滤光层2、第一取向膜3、第一电极4、第二电极6和第二取向膜7均对应设置，滤光层2的色彩通道21可以周期性排列，如图3A，示出了其中一个排列周期，一个排列周期包括四个色彩通道21：R(red，红)通道、两个G(green，绿)通道和B(blue，蓝)通道。如图3B所示，第一取向膜3包括对应的四个第一偏振区域31，每个第一偏振区域31的取向如图3B中的箭头方向所示；如图3C所示，第二取向膜7包括对应的四个第二偏振区域71，每个第二偏振区域71的取向如图3C中的箭头方向所示。如图3D所示，第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61的投影重叠，第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号包括：U1、U2、U3和U4，U1、U2、U3和U4分别与四个色彩通道21对应设置。
具体地，U1可以控制与R通道对应的液晶区域51内的液晶分子旋转，U2和U3可以分别控制与两个G通道对应的液晶区域51内的液晶分子旋转，U4可以控制与B通道对应的液晶区域51内的液晶分子旋转。由于液晶分子具备使入射光线的偏振方向旋转的能力，改变U1、U2、U3和U4 的数值可以改变液晶分子的旋转角度，进而可以改变入射光线偏振方向的旋转角度，以及实现色彩通道21的周期性截止。
示例的，假设第一取向膜3和第二取向膜7的取向相互垂直，在R通道对应的液晶区域51施加电压U1，液晶分子旋转，使得光线偏振方向旋转90度，光线可以通过第二取向膜7照射至感光芯片300。在G通道和B通道对应的液晶区域51不施加电压，即U2＝U3＝U4＝0，则G通道和B通道对应的液晶区域51内的液晶分子不旋转，对应光线偏振方向不发生旋转，那么G通道和B通道对应的光线无法通过第二取向膜7照射至感光芯片300，这就实现了对不同色彩通道21的周期性截止，即通过R通道的光线，感光芯片300可以得到单色图像，避免了G通道和B通道的串扰。按时序还可以得到G通道和B通道的单色图像，后期可以借助多帧率的单色图像融合为最终的彩色图像。保证电压控制和液晶分子响应速度的匹配性即可确保在较短的时间间隔内得到同一场景的三色图像。
可选地，多个液晶区域51可以同心设置。在本申请实施例中，多个液晶区域51同心设置，便于控制各个液晶区域51的透光率，以实现摄像模组的变焦功能。
具体地，可以分别控制液晶区域51对应的透光率，实现可变光圈，灵活调整光圈的数量，可以分别实现主摄、广角、长焦等不同的拍摄功能。在设置光圈数量时，可以以液晶层5的物理中心为原点，四周对称向外将液晶层5划分为多个液晶区域51。不同液晶区域51可以对应设置第一电极单元41、第二电极单元61，通过调节第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号，可以调整透光孔的孔径大小，实现可变光圈。
如图4所示，液晶层5的结构可以圆形，沿其半径方向，可以将液晶层5划分为两个液晶区域51：圆形区域和环形区域。设定第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号为U5时，光线可以通过；第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号为U6时，光线可以不通过，以实现光线的“开”与“关”。圆形区域和环形区域的电信号均为U5时， 透光孔径较大；圆形区域对应的电信号为U5，环形区域对应的电信号为U6时，透光孔径较小。图4仅以光圈数量为2个进行举例说明，其他情况可参考设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选地，液晶区域51的形状可以包括:圆形、矩形、环形以及不规则多边形中的至少一种。
在本申请实施例中，液晶区域51的形状包括：圆形、矩形、环形以及不规则多边形中的至少一种，可以提高对液晶区域51设置的多样性，实现不同形状的透光孔。
在本申请的又一些实施例中，所述滤光组件100可以包括控制器，所述控制器可以分别与第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61电连接，可以用于调节第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号大小。
在本申请实施例中，采用控制器调节第一电极单元41和第二电极单元61之间的电信号大小，较为方便快捷，而且灵敏性较高。
在本申请的再一些实施例中，滤光组件100可以包括封装结构，第一基板1、第二基板8、滤光层2、第一电极4、第二电极6以及液晶层5均封装于所述封装结构内。
在本申请实施例中，所述封装结构可以对第一基板1、第二基板8、滤光层2、第一电极4、第二电极6以及液晶层5进行固定和密封，并对其起到保护作用，可以提高滤光组件100的结构稳定性。
具体地，所述封装结构可以为塑胶件或者金属件，具体可根据实际需求进行设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例所述的滤光组件至少包括以下优点：
在本申请的实施例中，所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间，使得所述第一基板、所述滤光层、所述第一电极、所述液晶层、所述第二电极和所述第二基板依次堆叠形成 所述滤光组件，所述滤光组件可以通过所述滤光层实现过滤特定波长的光线。在将所述滤光组件应用于摄像技术中的情况下，可以提高摄像模组的拍摄效果；而且由于所述液晶层的透光率可以调节，使得摄像模组的焦距可调节，可以实现摄像模组的变焦功能，无需设置驱动件驱动镜头运动，可以避免出现由驱动件造成的摄像模组尺寸较大、功耗较高的问题。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种摄像模组，具体可以包括上述的滤光组件。
本申请实施例所述的摄像模组至少包括以下优点：
在本申请的实施例中，所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间，使得所述第一基板、所述滤光层、所述第一电极、所述液晶层、所述第二电极和所述第二基板依次堆叠形成所述滤光组件，所述滤光组件可以通过所述滤光层实现过滤特定波长的光线。在将所述滤光组件应用于摄像技术中的情况下，可以提高摄像模组的拍摄效果；而且由于所述液晶层的透光率可以调节，使得摄像模组的焦距可调节，可以实现摄像模组的变焦功能，无需设置驱动件驱动镜头运动，可以避免出现由驱动件造成的摄像模组尺寸较大、功耗较高的问题。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，具体可以包括上述滤光组件。
本申请实施例所述的电子设备至少包括以下优点：
在本申请的实施例中，所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第 二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间，使得所述第一基板、所述滤光层、所述第一电极、所述液晶层、所述第二电极和所述第二基板依次堆叠形成所述滤光组件，所述滤光组件可以通过所述滤光层实现过滤特定波长的光线。在将所述滤光组件应用于摄像技术中的情况下，可以提高摄像模组的拍摄效果；而且由于所述液晶层的透光率可以调节，使得摄像模组的焦距可调节，可以实现摄像模组的变焦功能，无需设置驱动件驱动镜头运动，可以避免出现由驱动件造成的摄像模组尺寸较大、功耗较高的问题。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种滤光组件，其中，包括：第一基板、第二基板、滤光层、第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，其中，
    所述液晶层设于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间，所述第一基板设于所述第一电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述第二基板连接于所述第二电极远离所述液晶层的一侧，所述液晶层的透光率可调节；
    所述滤光层设于所述第一基板和所述第一电极之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滤光组件，其中，所述第一电极设置有多个独立设置的第一电极单元，所述第二电极对应设置有多个独立设置的第二电极单元，所述液晶层包括多个液晶区域；
    所述第一电极单元和所述第二电极单元一一对应设置；
    所述液晶区域对应设置在所述第一电极单元和所述第二电极单元之间；
    其中，在所述第一电极单元和所述第二电极单元之间的电信号发生改变的情况下，对应的所述液晶区域的透光率可调节。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的滤光组件，其中，所述滤光组件包括第一取向膜和第二取向膜；
    所述第一取向膜设于所述滤光层和所述第一电极之间，所述第二取向膜设于所述第二电极和所述第二基板之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的滤光组件，其中，所述第一取向膜设置有多个第一偏振区域，所述第二取向膜对应设置有多个第二偏振区域，所述滤光层设置有多个色彩通道；
    所述第一偏振区域、所述第二偏振区域均与所述色彩通道对应设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的滤光组件，其特征在于，多个所述液晶区域同心设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的滤光组件，其中，所述液晶区域的形状包括:圆形、矩形、环形以及不规则多边形中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的滤光组件，其中，所述滤光组件包括控制器，所述控制器分别与所述第一电极单元和所述第二电极单元电连接，用于调节所述第一电极单元和所述第二电极单元之间的电信号大小。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的滤光组件，其特征在于，所述滤光组件包括封装结构，第一基板、第二基板、滤光层、第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层均封装于所述封装结构内。
  9. 一种摄像模组，其中，包括：上述权利要求1-8中任一项所述的滤光组件。
  10. 一种电子设备，其中，包括：上述权利要求1-8中任一项所述的滤光组件。
PCT/CN2022/121458 2021-09-29 2022-09-26 滤光组件、摄像模组和电子设备 WO2023051476A1 (zh)

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