WO2022080104A1 - Display device, display method, control device, and computer program - Google Patents

Display device, display method, control device, and computer program Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022080104A1
WO2022080104A1 PCT/JP2021/034859 JP2021034859W WO2022080104A1 WO 2022080104 A1 WO2022080104 A1 WO 2022080104A1 JP 2021034859 W JP2021034859 W JP 2021034859W WO 2022080104 A1 WO2022080104 A1 WO 2022080104A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
graph
alarm
display
display device
viewed
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PCT/JP2021/034859
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正法 門脇
豊 明渡
建聖 渡邊
大也 藤井
七海 青木
Original Assignee
住友重機械工業株式会社
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Application filed by 住友重機械工業株式会社 filed Critical 住友重機械工業株式会社
Priority to JP2022557317A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022080104A1/ja
Priority to KR1020237010962A priority patent/KR20230087454A/en
Publication of WO2022080104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022080104A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
    • G05B23/0267—Fault communication, e.g. human machine interface [HMI]
    • G05B23/0272—Presentation of monitored results, e.g. selection of status reports to be displayed; Filtering information to the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
    • G05B23/0267—Fault communication, e.g. human machine interface [HMI]
    • G05B23/027—Alarm generation, e.g. communication protocol; Forms of alarm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G06F3/0482—Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24103—Graphical display of proces as function of detected alarm signals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display device, a display method, a control device, and a computer program.
  • sensors have been installed on monitored objects such as plants, and the operating status of monitored equipment has been monitored based on the data acquired by the sensors.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an online monitoring device that can save labor in screen operation work for checking the status of a monitoring target.
  • This online monitoring device includes an image display information generation means for determining a screen to be displayed from a plurality of screen candidates.
  • a warning will be issued.
  • the operator views the graph generated based on the data obtained from the sensor to examine the validity of the warning.
  • Patent Document 1 "automatically selects” necessary information and displays it on the screen so that "even an inexperienced operator can take the same measures as an expert". ([Problems to be Solved by the Invention]) Therefore, when the number of graphs to be displayed is large, it takes a lot of time to confirm the graphs. For example, even a skilled operator must view the same graph as an inexperienced operator.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a display device, a display method, a control device, and a computer program capable of efficiently confirming a graph to be confirmed.
  • the present disclosure provides a display device configured to display a selection of graphs to be viewed at the time of a warning and to display the selected graph based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past. ..
  • the option may be displayed with a description of at least one graph associated with the warning.
  • the option may be displayed based on the number of impressions of the graph viewed at the time of the warning that occurred in the past.
  • the above option may be displayed based on a learning model generated by using the warnings that have occurred in the past and the history of the graph viewed at the time of the warnings as teacher data.
  • the present disclosure includes, based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past, a step of displaying options for the graph to be viewed when a warning occurs, and a step of displaying the selected graph. Provide a method.
  • the present disclosure is based on a history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past, and when a warning occurs, a means for displaying the options of the graph to be viewed on the display device and the selected graph on the display device.
  • a control device including means for displaying.
  • the present disclosure presents a step of causing a computer to display a selection of graphs to be viewed on a display device when a warning occurs, based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that occurred in the past, and the selected graph.
  • a computer program for executing a step to be displayed on the display device is provided.
  • the computer program is executed by a computer including a processor, such as the control device shown in the present embodiment.
  • the computer program may be recorded on a recording medium in a non-transitory form, such as non-volatile semiconductor memory.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the plant which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a functional block diagram of a driving support system. This is an example of the information stored in the alarm setting DB. This is an example of the information stored in the graph setting DB. This is an example of information stored in the graph browsing history DB. This is an example of guide information. This is an example of a graph recommendation list. This is an example of the display screen of the display device. This is an example of the physical configuration of a driving support system. This is an example of a flowchart of the display method.
  • the monitoring target to which the present invention is applied includes plants.
  • the plant is intended for a power plant including a boiler, an incinerator plant, a chemical plant, a wastewater treatment plant, etc., for which process data can be obtained.
  • the process data in the incinerator such as waste may be, for example, the amount of air input to the incinerator and the temperature of the input air, the gas temperature at the outlet of the furnace, and the composition factor.
  • Process data in a chemical plant may include, for example, temperature differences between processes or between two or more thermocouples, operating pressure, generated distribution parameters (speed, density, etc.), cooling water flow rate, output measurements, valve sensor data, etc. including.
  • the process data in the wastewater treatment plant includes, for example, the amount of raw water inflow and outflow of the tank, the water level, the quality of treated water, the amount of operation of equipment such as various pumps, and the like, which are output from each sensor and each watt-hour meter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall configuration of plant 1, which is an example of a monitoring target to which the present invention is applied.
  • the plant 1 according to the present embodiment is a power generation plant including, for example, a circulating fluidized bed boiler (Circulating Fluidized Bed type) that burns fuel to generate steam while circulating a circulating material such as silica sand that flows at a high temperature.
  • a circulating fluidized bed boiler that burns fuel to generate steam while circulating a circulating material such as silica sand that flows at a high temperature.
  • a circulating fluidized bed boiler that burns fuel to generate steam while circulating a circulating material such as silica sand that flows at a high temperature.
  • a circulating fluidized bed boiler that burns fuel to generate steam while circulating a circulating material such as silica sand that flows at a high temperature.
  • non-fossil fuels woody biomass, waste tires, waste plastics, sludge, etc
  • the plant 1 is configured to burn fuel in the fireplace 2, separate the circulating material from the exhaust gas by a cyclone 3 functioning as a solid air separating device, and return the separated circulating material to the furnace 2 for circulation. There is.
  • the separated circulating material is returned to the lower part of the furnace 2 via the circulating material recovery pipe 4 connected below the cyclone 3.
  • the lower part of the circulation material recovery pipe 4 and the lower part of the furnace 2 are connected to each other via a loop seal portion 4a having a narrowed flow path.
  • a predetermined amount of circulating material is stored in the lower part of the circulating material recovery pipe 4.
  • the exhaust gas from which the circulating material has been removed by the cyclone 3 is supplied to the rear flue 5 via the exhaust gas flow path 3a.
  • the boiler is equipped with a fireplace 2 for burning fuel and a heat exchanger for generating steam or the like using the heat obtained by the combustion.
  • a fuel supply port 2a for supplying fuel is provided in the middle portion of the fireplace 2, and a gas outlet 2b for discharging combustion gas is provided in the upper part of the fireplace 2.
  • the fuel supplied to the fireplace 2 from the fuel supply device (not shown) is supplied to the inside of the fireplace 2 through the fuel supply port 2a.
  • a furnace wall pipe 6 for heating the boiler water supply is provided on the furnace wall of the fireplace 2. The boiler water supply flowing through the furnace wall pipe 6 is heated by combustion in the furnace 2.
  • the air for combustion and flow introduced from the lower air supply line 2c causes solid matter including fuel supplied from the fuel supply port 2a to flow, and the fuel flows while flowing, for example, about 800 to 900.
  • Burn at ° C. Combustion gas generated in the fireplace 2 is introduced into the cyclone 3 with a circulating material.
  • the cyclone 3 separates the circulating material and the gas by the centrifugal separation action, returns the circulating material separated through the circulating material recovery pipe 4 to the furnace 2, and returns the combustion gas from which the circulating material has been removed to the exhaust gas flow path 3a. To the rear flue 5.
  • the in-fireplace bed material stays at the bottom.
  • This bed material may contain a bed material having a coarse particle size unsuitable for circulating flow and exhaust combustion contaminants, and the bed material unsuitable for these circulating materials may cause flow failure. Therefore, in order to suppress flow failure, in the furnace 2, the bed material in the furnace is continuously or intermittently discharged to the outside from the discharge port 2d at the bottom. The discharged bed material is supplied to the furnace 2 again after removing unsuitable substances such as metal and coarse particle size on a circulation line (not shown), or is discarded as it is.
  • the circulatory material of the circulatory furnace 2 circulates in the circulatory system including the circulatory furnace 2, the cyclone 3, and the circulatory material recovery pipe 4.
  • the rear flue 5 has a flow path for flowing the gas discharged from the cyclone 3 to the rear stage.
  • the rear flue 5 has a superheater 10 for generating superheated steam and an economizer 12 for preheating the boiler water supply as an exhaust heat recovery unit for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas flowing through the rear flue 5 is heat-exchanged with the steam flowing through the superheater 10 and the economizer 12 and the boiler supply water to be cooled. Further, it has a steam drum 8 for storing boiler water supply that has passed through the economizer 12, and the steam drum 8 is also connected to a furnace wall pipe 6.
  • the economizer 12 transfers the heat of the exhaust gas to the boiler water supply to preheat the boiler water supply.
  • the economizer 12 is connected to the pump 7 by a pipe 21 while being connected to the steam drum 8 by a pipe 22.
  • the boiler water supplied from the pump 7 to the economizer 12 via the pipe 21 and preheated by the economizer 12 is supplied to the steam drum 8 via the pipe 22.
  • a precipitation pipe 8a and a furnace wall pipe 6 are connected to the steam drum 8.
  • the boiler water supply in the steam drum 8 descends the precipitation pipe 8a, is introduced into the furnace wall pipe 6 on the lower side of the furnace 2, and flows toward the steam drum 8.
  • the boiler water supply in the furnace wall pipe 6 is heated by the combustion heat generated in the furnace 2 and evaporates in the steam drum 8 to become steam.
  • a saturated steam pipe 8b for discharging internal steam is connected to the steam drum 8.
  • the saturated steam pipe 8b connects the steam drum 8 and the superheater 10.
  • the steam in the steam drum 8 is supplied to the superheater 10 via the saturated steam pipe 8b.
  • the superheater 10 uses the heat of the exhaust gas to superheat the steam to generate superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam passes through the pipe 10a, is supplied to the turbine 100 outside the plant 1, and is used for power generation.
  • the pressure and temperature of the steam discharged from the turbine 100 is lower than the pressure and temperature of the steam discharged from the superheater 10.
  • the pressure of the steam supplied to the turbine 100 is about 10 to 17 MPa, and the temperature is about 530 to 570 ° C.
  • the pressure of the steam discharged from the turbine 100 is about 3 to 5 MPa, and the temperature is about 350 to 400 ° C.
  • a condenser 102 is provided downstream of the turbine 100.
  • the steam discharged from the turbine 100 is supplied to the condenser 102, condensed in the condenser 102 and returned to saturated water, and then supplied to the pump 7.
  • a generator that converts the kinetic energy obtained by the rotation of the turbine 100 into electrical energy is connected to the turbine 100.
  • the pump 7a supplies make-up water so as to keep the water level of the condenser 102 constant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a make-up water flow rate u1 (an example of “process data”) replenished by the pump 7a.
  • the process data handled in this embodiment may be arbitrary data relating to the plant 1, but may be, for example, data obtained by measuring the state of the plant 1 with a sensor (an example of “process data”), and more specifically. May include measured values such as temperature, pressure and flow rate of plant 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a boiler supply water flow rate u2 (an example of “process data”) supplied from the pump 7 to the economizer 12. Further, FIG. 1 shows a boiler outlet steam flow rate u3 (an example of “process data”) supplied from the superheater 10 to the turbine 100, and a saturated steam flow rate u4 (“process”) supplied from the steam drum 8 to the superheater 10. An example of "data”) is shown.
  • the make-up water flow rate u1 may be controlled to follow the saturated steam flow rate u4. Further, it may be controlled to adjust the boiler supply water flow rate u2 while monitoring both the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3 (or the superheated steam flow rate) and the liquid level of the steam drum 8.
  • the DCS (Distributed Control System, FIG. 2) 20 receives the process data of the plant 1 such as the make-up water flow rate u1, the boiler supply water flow rate u2, the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3, and the saturated steam flow rate u4 from the plant 1, and operates the plant 1. Monitor the situation and monitor the plant 1 for any abnormalities. As will be described later, the monitoring device 40 evaluates the process data based on the alarm determination logic set for each type of abnormality, and when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, the monitoring device 40 causes the display device 40 to issue an alarm.
  • the process data related to the plant 1 may be other data.
  • the process data related to the plant 1 may be other data such as temperature and pressure, data calculated based on a plurality of process data, or data obtained from a sensor or the like that has not been calculated. You may.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the plant 1, DCS20 and the operation support system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • DCS20 is a distributed control system for controlling plant 1.
  • the DCS 20 acquires process data from a sensor or the like installed in the plant 1 and supplies a control signal for controlling the plant 1 to the plant 1 based on the process data.
  • the operation support system 30 includes an edge / cloud computing unit 32 that acquires process data from the DCS 20, and a monitoring device 40 that acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32 and monitors the plant 1 based on the process data. Also equipped with a display device 50 for displaying the operating status of the plant 1 for the operator.
  • the monitoring device 40 (an example of a “control device”) also functions as a control device for controlling the display device 50. Specifically, the monitoring device 40 acquires process data, determines the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the process data, and if it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, an alarm is given to the display device 50 (an example of "warning"). To be notified. When issuing an alarm, the monitoring device 40 acquires information to be displayed when the alarm is issued, such as guide information (described later), from a database described later, and displays the information on the display screen of the display device 50.
  • guide information described later
  • the edge / cloud computing unit 32 includes a plurality of edge servers distributed in the peripheral portion of the network network, and a cloud data server that collects process data from the plurality of edge servers and provides them to the monitoring device 40.
  • a cloud data server that collects process data from the plurality of edge servers and provides them to the monitoring device 40.
  • the driving support system 30 does not necessarily have to include the edge / cloud computing unit 32. In that case, the driving support system 30 acquires the process data from the DCS 20 via the network.
  • the monitoring device 40 includes an alarm display control unit 42 and a storage unit 44.
  • the alarm display control unit 42 determines whether or not an alarm needs to be issued based on the process data acquisition unit 42A that acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32 and the process data acquired by the process data acquisition unit 42A.
  • the graph recommendation list (“graph choices") is based on the history of the graph viewed at the time of the alarm that occurred in the past.
  • a graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C that generates an example
  • an alarm confirmation display unit 42D that displays information related to the alarm on the display device 50 when it is determined by the alarm determination unit 42B that an alarm needs to be issued.
  • the graph display result collecting unit 42E collects the fact that the graph selected by the operator is displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 as the graph display result.
  • the storage unit 44 of the monitoring device includes an alarm setting DB 44A, an alarm occurrence history DB 44B, a graph setting DB 44C, a graph browsing history DB 44D, and a guide information DB 44E. First, each database of the storage unit 44 will be described.
  • the alarm setting DB 44A stores an alarm determination logic (judgment standard) for determining whether or not an alarm indicating an abnormality or the like in the plant 1 has occurred, based on the process data.
  • FIG. 3A shows an example of the information stored in the alarm setting DB 44A.
  • the identification information (ID) of the alarm the classification information of the alarm (“major classification”, “middle classification” and “minor classification”) and the evaluation item name related to the alarm are shown for each line.
  • the alarm determination logic is recorded in association with the evaluation item name.
  • the alarm determination logic may be based on process data acquired from a single sensor, based on a given algorithm (based on a given trained model generated by machine learning, and process data from multiple sensors). It may be based on process data acquired from a plurality of types of sensors according to a mathematical formula or a mathematical model derived by multivariate analysis or the like).
  • the alarm occurrence history DB44B stores information related to alarms issued in the past. Specifically, information related to an alarm issued in the past and the date and time when the alarm occurred are recorded.
  • the graph setting DB44C stores information about a graph that can be generated based on process data.
  • FIG. 3B shows an example of information stored in the graph setting DB 44C.
  • the registered name (an example of "explanation of the graph") corresponds to the information for explaining the graph because it is defined to describe the evaluation items displayed in the graph.
  • the signal name of the process data that is the basis of the evaluation item is also recorded in the graph setting DB44C. For example, when the operator double-clicks (selects) one graph, the signal name of the corresponding process data is displayed. ..
  • the operator can access the graph setting DB44C and edit the contents of the graph recorded in the database. It is also possible to register a new graph in this database.
  • the graph browsing history DB44D stores the history information of the graph browsed when the alarm was issued in the past.
  • FIG. 3C shows an example of information stored in the graph browsing history DB 44D.
  • the graph browsing history DB 44D stores the number of times the graph is displayed at the time of issuing an alarm in the past as a score value for each graph (described as "chart 1" or the like).
  • a graph named "Chart 1" (actually, the registered name of the graph in FIG. 3B) is displayed 30 times in the past when an alarm related to "aggregation detection" is issued, and "Chart 2" is displayed.
  • the graph named “Chart 3" is displayed 21 times, and it is shown that the graph named "Chart 3" is displayed 5 times.
  • the guide information DB44E stores information for guiding the response method when an alarm is issued. For example, in the guide information DB44E, a sentence explaining a method of capturing an event from a graph entitled "1. Monitoring point (how to read the graph)" for each alarm and a process data entitled “2. Response method” are provided. A sentence is recorded explaining how to optimize the condition of.
  • the method for optimizing the state of the process data is a method for optimizing the state in which the process data of interest exceeds the threshold value and keeps the state within the threshold value.
  • FIG. 3D shows an example of guide information displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 when the issued alarm is “circulatory system temperature difference 1”.
  • Monitoring point how to read the graph
  • the definition of the temperature difference in the furnace and the calculation formula are described. With such an explanation, it is possible to confirm the method of capturing the event from the graph, and it becomes easy to understand what kind of event is occurring.
  • items that the operator should check according to the magnitude of the temperature difference in the furnace are listed. With such an explanation, it becomes possible to confirm the method for optimizing the state of the process data.
  • the guide information may include an image, a legend graph, and the like in addition to character information and mathematical formulas. Further, it may have a function of displaying the time when the same alarm was issued in the past.
  • the process data acquisition unit 42A acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32.
  • the alarm determination unit 42B determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the plant 1 based on the process data, and if it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, causes the display device 50 to issue an alarm. Specifically, the alarm determination unit 42B reads the alarm determination logic (determination standard) recorded in the alarm setting DB 44A, and evaluates the process data according to this alarm determination logic. For example, the alarm determination unit 42B evaluates predetermined process data based on the alarm determination logic, and blows (like a boiler tube leak, metal materials such as tubes and pipes constituting the boiler are damaged and puncture. , The state where the internal steam leaks to the outside. Including the state where there is a high possibility that a blowout will occur in the future. The same shall apply hereinafter).
  • the alarm determination unit 42B determines that an abnormality has occurred, it records information about the alarm (specifically, information such as the name of the alarm and the date and time of occurrence) in the alarm occurrence history DB 44B. Further, the information related to the past alarm is read from the alarm occurrence history DB 44B and provided to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D together with the information related to the alarm to be issued.
  • the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C generates a graph recommendation list based on the history of the graph viewed at the time of the alarm issued in the past, and provides it to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D. Specifically, when the alarm determination unit 42B determines that an alarm is required, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C accesses the graph browsing history DB 44D and has a plurality of graphs associated with the alarm and each graph. Get the score value. Further, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C accesses the graph setting DB 44C and acquires the signal name of the process data corresponding to each graph. Then, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C generates a graph recommendation list.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a graph recommendation list.
  • the graph name is “circulation system temperature difference 1 (for coarse graining detection) -by condition”
  • the corresponding process data is ".
  • the graph with "boiler load (heat output base) (%)" as the X-axis and “in-core temperature difference (fireplace top-fireplace bottom)" as the Y-axis has a score value of 90.
  • the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C provides the generated graph recommendation list to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D.
  • the alarm confirmation display unit 42D causes the display device 50 to display information for the operator to confirm the alarm when the alarm determination unit 42B determines that the alarm needs to be issued.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of information displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 when an alarm is issued.
  • information on past and present alarms acquired from the alarm determination unit 42B is displayed in a list format.
  • the alarm confirmation display unit 42D acquires the graph recommendation list GL1 corresponding to the alarm AL1 from the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C.
  • the graph recommendation list GL1 is displayed in the second area AR2 of the same display screen.
  • the alarm confirmation display unit 42D may access the guide information DB 44E, read the guide information corresponding to the alarm, and display it in a different area of the display screen.
  • the graph setting DB44C is accessed, the process data is acquired, and the graph is displayed.
  • a graph selected by the operator for example, “circulatory system temperature difference 1”.
  • a different graph selected by the operator for example, "circulatory system pressure" is displayed in the third area AR3 of the same display screen. Difference 1 ") is displayed.
  • a plurality of graphs may be configured to be able to be displayed at the same time in the third area AR3.
  • the graph display result collection unit 42E (an example of "recording means") browses the information that the graph was viewed when the alarm was issued each time the operator selected the graph to be displayed in the graph recommendation list GL1. Record in the history DB 44D. In the present embodiment, the number of times the graph is viewed is counted up in association with the alarm.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a physical configuration for realizing the driving support system 30 according to the present embodiment.
  • the edge / cloud computing unit 32 can adopt a known physical configuration, the description thereof is omitted.
  • the driving support system 30 excluding the edge / cloud computing unit 32 will be described.
  • the physical configuration will be described.
  • the operation support system 30 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 30A corresponding to a calculation unit, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 30B and a ROM (Read only Memory) 30C corresponding to a storage unit, a communication unit 30D, and an input unit 30E. And a display unit 30F.
  • a CPU Central Processing Unit
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read only Memory
  • Each of these configurations is connected to each other via a bus so that data can be transmitted and received.
  • the driving support system 30 is composed of one computer will be described, but the driving support system 30 may be composed of a plurality of computers.
  • the display unit 30F may be composed of a plurality of displays.
  • the configuration shown in FIG. 6 is only an example, and it is not necessary to have a part of these configurations.
  • a part of the configuration may be provided in a remote place.
  • a part of the ROM 30C may be provided at a remote location so that communication can be performed via a communication network.
  • the CPU 30A is a calculation unit that performs control processing, calculation processing, and the like included in the present disclosure by executing a computer program or the like recorded in the ROM 30C or the like.
  • the CPU 30A includes a processor.
  • the CPU 30A receives various information (including process data) from the RAM 30B, the ROM 30C, the communication unit 30D, the input unit 30E, and the like, displays the calculation processing result and the like on the display unit 30F, and stores the calculation processing result and the like in the RAM 30B or the ROM 30C.
  • the RAM 30B functions as a cache memory in the storage unit, and may be composed of a volatile semiconductor storage element such as a SRAM and a DRAM.
  • the ROM 30C functions as a main memory in the storage unit, and may be composed of, for example, a non-volatile semiconductor storage element such as a flash memory that can electrically rewrite information or an HDD that can magnetically rewrite information.
  • the ROM 30C may store, for example, a computer program and data for executing a process including each control and each arithmetic process shown in the present disclosure.
  • the communication unit 30D is an interface for connecting the driving support system 30 to another device such as the DCS 20.
  • the communication unit 30D may be connected to a communication network such as the Internet.
  • the input unit 30E receives data input, graph selection, and the like from the operator, and may include, for example, a keyboard and a touch panel.
  • the display unit 30F visually displays the calculation result by the CPU 30A, and may be composed of, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart including such a display method.
  • the alarm determination unit 42B evaluates the process data acquired by the process data acquisition unit 42A based on the alarm determination logic, and determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the plant 1.
  • an alarm is issued (step S71).
  • the monitoring device 40 causes the first area AR1 of the display screen to display information on past and present alarms acquired from the alarm determination unit 42B in a list format.
  • the monitoring device 40 displays a graph recommendation list corresponding to the latest alarm in the second area AR2 of the display screen, and displays a plurality of graphs having the maximum score value in the graph recommendation list in the third area AR3.
  • the guide information corresponding to the latest alarm may be displayed in yet another area.
  • the operator starts the work of confirming the validity of the alarm. Specifically, the operator selects a graph to be confirmed while examining the graph name, the signal name and the score value thereof (FIG. 4) listed in the graph recommendation list (step S72).
  • the monitoring device 40 corresponds to the graph recommendation list corresponding to the alarm in the second area AR2 of the display screen and the third area AR3.
  • the guide information is displayed in the graph to be displayed and another area.
  • the score value is included in the graph recommendation list. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed. Further, the score value is not a preset value, but is information that reflects the fact actually viewed by the operator while the plant 1 is in operation. Even if the alarm is the same, the graph recommendation list according to the present embodiment may be different depending on the plant. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed based on the viewpoint peculiar to the model mounted on the plant 1.
  • the graph recommendation list reflects the facts actually viewed by the operator while the plant 1 is in operation, the same alarm is given even if the plant is the same, depending on changes over time. May be different. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed based on the viewpoint including the change with time of the plant 1.
  • the monitoring device 40 displays the selected graph in the third area AR2 of the display screen (step S73).
  • the operator can select the graphs in the order considered appropriate, flexibly according to the situation. For example, it is also possible to select and display a graph with a low score value first, and then select and display a graph with a high score value. As a result, it is possible to browse a graph with a high score on the premise of viewing a graph with a low score value.
  • the monitoring device 40 records information that the graph has been viewed at the time of issuing the alarm in the graph browsing history DB 44D (step S74).
  • the operator displays all the graphs to be confirmed, determines the validity of the alarm issuance, and then responds according to the guide information.
  • the present invention can be modified in various ways as long as it does not deviate from the gist thereof.
  • the similarity between graphs is learned by a known collaborative filtering algorithm, and the score value is calculated based on the similarity. It may be configured as.
  • the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C machine-learns the similarity between graphs based on the browsing history of the graphs of all operators, calculates the score value based on the similarity, and calculates the graph browsing history DB. Record in.
  • the similarity may be calculated using, for example, the Euclidean distance, the weighted average, or the Pearson coefficient.
  • the graph recommendation list may be updated based on the displayed graph.
  • the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C may calculate the score value based on the learning model generated by using the warning generated in the past and the history of the graph viewed at the time of the warning as teacher data.
  • Machine learning models include those using neural networks such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), those using regression models such as Gaussian process regression, and those using tree algorithms such as decision trees.
  • the edge / cloud computing unit 32 can be used when collecting information for machine learning.
  • the present invention can be modified in various ways as long as it does not deviate from the gist thereof.
  • some components in one embodiment may be added to other embodiments within the normal creative abilities of those skilled in the art.
  • some components in one embodiment can be replaced with corresponding components in another embodiment.

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Abstract

[Problem] To provide a display device, a display method, a control device, and a computer program that make it possible to efficiently check a graph that needs to be checked. [Solution] A display device that displays, on the basis of a history of graphs viewed during warnings generated in the past, options of graphs to view during a warning. An operator selects a graph from the options. The display device displays the selected graph.

Description

表示装置、表示方法、制御装置及びコンピュータプログラムDisplay device, display method, control device and computer program
　本発明は、表示装置、表示方法、制御装置及びコンピュータプログラムに関する。 The present invention relates to a display device, a display method, a control device, and a computer program.
　従来より、プラント等の監視対象にセンサを設置して、センサが取得するデータに基づいて、監視対象設備の稼働状況を監視することが行われている。 Conventionally, sensors have been installed on monitored objects such as plants, and the operating status of monitored equipment has been monitored based on the data acquired by the sensors.
　特許文献１には、監視対象の状態確認のための画面操作作業を省力化することが可能となるオンライン監視装置が記載されている。このオンライン監視装置は、複数の画面候補の中から表示する画面を決定する画像表示情報生成手段を備えている。 Patent Document 1 describes an online monitoring device that can save labor in screen operation work for checking the status of a monitoring target. This online monitoring device includes an image display information generation means for determining a screen to be displayed from a plurality of screen candidates.
特開２０１８－１０６４３２号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-10642
　このような監視対象に異常が発生した場合、警告が発報される。運転員は、警告の妥当性を検討するために、センサから取得されるデータに基づいて生成されるグラフを閲覧する。 If an abnormality occurs in such a monitoring target, a warning will be issued. The operator views the graph generated based on the data obtained from the sensor to examine the validity of the warning.
　しかしながら、特許文献１に記載のオンライン監視装置は「経験の浅い運転員でも熟練者と同等の対処」が実現できるように必要な情報を「自動的に選択」して画面に表示するものである（［発明が解決しようとする課題］）から、表示すべきグラフが大量となる場合、グラフの確認に多大な時間を要さざるを得ない。例えば、熟練の運転員であっても、経験の浅い運転員と同一のグラフを閲覧しなければならない。 However, the online monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 "automatically selects" necessary information and displays it on the screen so that "even an inexperienced operator can take the same measures as an expert". ([Problems to be Solved by the Invention]) Therefore, when the number of graphs to be displayed is large, it takes a lot of time to confirm the graphs. For example, even a skilled operator must view the same graph as an inexperienced operator.
　表示すべきグラフを少なくするために、警告ごとに表示すべき代表的なグラフを予め設定することも考え得る。しかしながら、警告ごとに表示されるグラフを確定させてしまうと、本来確認すべきグラフが確認対象から漏れてしまうことがある。例えば、経験の浅い運転員は、確認しなければならないグラフを見落としてしまう可能性がある。 In order to reduce the number of graphs to be displayed, it is possible to preset a typical graph to be displayed for each warning. However, if the graph displayed for each warning is fixed, the graph that should be confirmed may be omitted from the confirmation target. For example, an inexperienced operator may overlook a graph that must be checked.
　そこで本発明は、確認すべきグラフを効率的に確認することが可能となる表示装置、表示方法、制御装置及びコンピュータプログラムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device, a display method, a control device, and a computer program capable of efficiently confirming a graph to be confirmed.
　本開示は、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告時に、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示し、選択された前記グラフを表示するように構成される、表示装置を提供する。 The present disclosure provides a display device configured to display a selection of graphs to be viewed at the time of a warning and to display the selected graph based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past. ..
　前記選択肢は、前記警告に関連付けられる少なくとも一つのグラフの説明とともに表示されてもよい。 The option may be displayed with a description of at least one graph associated with the warning.
　前記選択肢は、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの表示回数に基づいて表示されてもよい。 The option may be displayed based on the number of impressions of the graph viewed at the time of the warning that occurred in the past.
　さらに前記選択肢は、過去発生した警告と、その警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴を教師データとして用いて生成された学習モデルに基づいて表示されてもよい。 Further, the above option may be displayed based on a learning model generated by using the warnings that have occurred in the past and the history of the graph viewed at the time of the warnings as teacher data.
　本開示は、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示するステップと、選択された前記グラフを表示するステップと、を含む表示方法を提供する。 The present disclosure includes, based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past, a step of displaying options for the graph to be viewed when a warning occurs, and a step of displaying the selected graph. Provide a method.
　また本開示は、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示装置に表示させる手段と、選択された前記グラフを前記表示装置に表示させる手段と、を備える制御装置を提供する。 Further, the present disclosure is based on a history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that has occurred in the past, and when a warning occurs, a means for displaying the options of the graph to be viewed on the display device and the selected graph on the display device. Provided is a control device including means for displaying.
　くわえて本開示は、コンピュータに、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示装置に表示させるステップと、選択された前記グラフを前記表示装置に表示させるステップと、を実行させるためのコンピュータプログラムを提供する。 In addition, the present disclosure presents a step of causing a computer to display a selection of graphs to be viewed on a display device when a warning occurs, based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of a warning that occurred in the past, and the selected graph. A computer program for executing a step to be displayed on the display device is provided.
　コンピュータプログラムは、本実施形態に示される制御装置など、プロセッサを備えるコンピュータにより実行される。コンピュータプログラムは、不揮発性半導体メモリなど、一時的でない(Non-transitory）形態で、記録媒体に記録されてもよい。 The computer program is executed by a computer including a processor, such as the control device shown in the present embodiment. The computer program may be recorded on a recording medium in a non-transitory form, such as non-volatile semiconductor memory.
本発明の実施形態に係るプラントの全体構成を示す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the plant which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 運転支援システムの機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of a driving support system. アラーム設定ＤＢに格納される情報の一例である。This is an example of the information stored in the alarm setting DB. グラフ設定ＤＢに格納される情報の一例である。This is an example of the information stored in the graph setting DB. グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢに格納される情報の一例である。This is an example of information stored in the graph browsing history DB. ガイド情報の一例である。This is an example of guide information. グラフ推薦リストの一例である。This is an example of a graph recommendation list. 表示装置の表示画面の一例である。This is an example of the display screen of the display device. 運転支援システムの物理的構成の一例である。This is an example of the physical configuration of a driving support system. 表示方法のフローチャートの一例である。This is an example of a flowchart of the display method.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。以下の実施形態は、本発明を説明するための例示であり、本発明をその実施形態のみに限定する趣旨ではない。
  本発明が適用される監視対象は、プラントを含む。プラントは、例えば、ボイラを含む発電プラント、焼却プラント、化学プラント、排水処理プラント等、プロセスデータが取得できるものを対象としている。下記実施形態に記載する発電プラントにおけるプロセスデータの例示の他、廃棄物等の焼却プラントにおけるプロセスデータは、例えば、焼却炉への投入空気量及び投入空気温度、炉出口のガス温度及び組成因子、センサ等により計測される各部位の温度、圧力、流量、燃焼状態等の計測データ、等を含む。化学プラントにおけるプロセスデータは、例えば、プロセス間または２つ以上の熱電対間の温度差、動作圧力、生成物流パラメータ（速度、密度など）、冷却水の流量、出力測定値、バルブセンサデータ、等を含む。排水処理プラントにおけるプロセスデータは、例えば、各センサ及び各電力量計から出力される、タンクの原水流出入量、水位、処理水質、各種ポンプ等の機器運転の操作量、等を含む。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are examples for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not intended to be limited only to the embodiments.
The monitoring target to which the present invention is applied includes plants. The plant is intended for a power plant including a boiler, an incinerator plant, a chemical plant, a wastewater treatment plant, etc., for which process data can be obtained. In addition to the examples of the process data in the power generation plant described in the following embodiments, the process data in the incinerator such as waste may be, for example, the amount of air input to the incinerator and the temperature of the input air, the gas temperature at the outlet of the furnace, and the composition factor. Includes measurement data such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, combustion state, etc. of each part measured by sensors and the like. Process data in a chemical plant may include, for example, temperature differences between processes or between two or more thermocouples, operating pressure, generated distribution parameters (speed, density, etc.), cooling water flow rate, output measurements, valve sensor data, etc. including. The process data in the wastewater treatment plant includes, for example, the amount of raw water inflow and outflow of the tank, the water level, the quality of treated water, the amount of operation of equipment such as various pumps, and the like, which are output from each sensor and each watt-hour meter.
　［プラントの説明］
  図１は、本発明が適用される監視対象の一例であるプラント１の全体構成を示す概略図である。本実施形態に係るプラント１は、例えば、高温で流動する珪砂等の循環材を循環させながら燃料を燃焼して蒸気を発生させる循環流動層ボイラ（Circulating Fluidized Bed型）を備える発電プラントである。プラント１の燃料としては、石炭等の化石燃料の他、例えば非化石燃料（木質バイオマス、廃タイヤ、廃プラスチック、スラッジ等）を使用することができる。プラント１で発生した蒸気は、タービン１００の駆動に用いられる。 [Plant description]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall configuration of plant 1, which is an example of a monitoring target to which the present invention is applied. The plant 1 according to the present embodiment is a power generation plant including, for example, a circulating fluidized bed boiler (Circulating Fluidized Bed type) that burns fuel to generate steam while circulating a circulating material such as silica sand that flows at a high temperature. As the fuel of the plant 1, in addition to fossil fuels such as coal, for example, non-fossil fuels (woody biomass, waste tires, waste plastics, sludge, etc.) can be used. The steam generated in the plant 1 is used to drive the turbine 100.
　プラント１は、火炉２内で燃料を燃焼させ、固気分離装置として機能するサイクロン３によって排ガスから循環材を分離し、分離された循環材を火炉２内に戻して循環させるように構成されている。分離された循環材は、サイクロン３の下方に接続された循環材回収管４を経由して火炉２の下部に返送される。なお、循環材回収管４の下部と火炉２の下部とは、流路が絞られたループシール部４ａを介して接続されている。これにより、循環材回収管４の下部には所定量の循環材が貯められた状態となる。サイクロン３によって循環材が取り除かれた排ガスは、排ガス流路３ａを経由して後部煙道５に供給される。 The plant 1 is configured to burn fuel in the fireplace 2, separate the circulating material from the exhaust gas by a cyclone 3 functioning as a solid air separating device, and return the separated circulating material to the furnace 2 for circulation. There is. The separated circulating material is returned to the lower part of the furnace 2 via the circulating material recovery pipe 4 connected below the cyclone 3. The lower part of the circulation material recovery pipe 4 and the lower part of the furnace 2 are connected to each other via a loop seal portion 4a having a narrowed flow path. As a result, a predetermined amount of circulating material is stored in the lower part of the circulating material recovery pipe 4. The exhaust gas from which the circulating material has been removed by the cyclone 3 is supplied to the rear flue 5 via the exhaust gas flow path 3a.
　ボイラは、燃料を燃焼させるための火炉２と、燃焼により得られた熱を用いて水蒸気等を発生させるための熱交換器を備える。火炉２の中間部には、燃料を供給する燃料供給口２ａが設けられており、火炉２の上部には、燃焼ガスを排出するガス出口２ｂが設けられている。図示されていない燃料供給装置から火炉２に供給される燃料は、燃料供給口２ａを介して火炉２の内部に供給される。また、火炉２の炉壁には、ボイラ給水を加熱するための炉壁管６が設けられている。炉壁管６を流れるボイラ給水は、火炉２での燃焼によって加熱される。 The boiler is equipped with a fireplace 2 for burning fuel and a heat exchanger for generating steam or the like using the heat obtained by the combustion. A fuel supply port 2a for supplying fuel is provided in the middle portion of the fireplace 2, and a gas outlet 2b for discharging combustion gas is provided in the upper part of the fireplace 2. The fuel supplied to the fireplace 2 from the fuel supply device (not shown) is supplied to the inside of the fireplace 2 through the fuel supply port 2a. Further, a furnace wall pipe 6 for heating the boiler water supply is provided on the furnace wall of the fireplace 2. The boiler water supply flowing through the furnace wall pipe 6 is heated by combustion in the furnace 2.
　火炉２内では、下部の給気ライン２ｃから導入される燃焼・流動用の空気により、燃料供給口２ａから供給された燃料を含む固形物が流動し、燃料は流動しながら例えば約８００～９００℃で燃焼する。サイクロン３には、火炉２で発生した燃焼ガスが循環材を同伴しながら導入される。サイクロン３は、遠心分離作用により循環材と気体とを分離し、循環材回収管４を介して分離された循環材を火炉２に戻すとともに、循環材が除かれた燃焼ガスを排ガス流路３ａから後部煙道５へと送出する。 In the furnace 2, the air for combustion and flow introduced from the lower air supply line 2c causes solid matter including fuel supplied from the fuel supply port 2a to flow, and the fuel flows while flowing, for example, about 800 to 900. Burn at ° C. Combustion gas generated in the fireplace 2 is introduced into the cyclone 3 with a circulating material. The cyclone 3 separates the circulating material and the gas by the centrifugal separation action, returns the circulating material separated through the circulating material recovery pipe 4 to the furnace 2, and returns the combustion gas from which the circulating material has been removed to the exhaust gas flow path 3a. To the rear flue 5.
　火炉２では、底部に炉内ベッド材と呼ばれる循環材の一部が滞留する。このベッド材には、循環流動に不適な粗い粒径を有するベッド材や排燃夾雑物が含まれることがあり、これらの循環材として不適なベッド材によって流動不良が発生することがある。そのため、流動不良を抑制するために、火炉２では、底部の排出口２ｄから炉内ベッド材が連続的または断続的に外部に排出されている。排出されたベッド材は、図示されていない循環ライン上で金属や粗大粒径等の不適物を取り除いた後、再び火炉２に供給されるか、若しくはそのまま廃棄される。火炉２の循環材は、火炉２、サイクロン３及び循環材回収管４で構成される循環系内を循環する。 In the fireplace 2, a part of the circulating material called the in-fireplace bed material stays at the bottom. This bed material may contain a bed material having a coarse particle size unsuitable for circulating flow and exhaust combustion contaminants, and the bed material unsuitable for these circulating materials may cause flow failure. Therefore, in order to suppress flow failure, in the furnace 2, the bed material in the furnace is continuously or intermittently discharged to the outside from the discharge port 2d at the bottom. The discharged bed material is supplied to the furnace 2 again after removing unsuitable substances such as metal and coarse particle size on a circulation line (not shown), or is discarded as it is. The circulatory material of the circulatory furnace 2 circulates in the circulatory system including the circulatory furnace 2, the cyclone 3, and the circulatory material recovery pipe 4.
　後部煙道５は、サイクロン３から排出されたガスを後段へ流す流路を有している。後部煙道５は、排ガスの熱を回収する排熱回収部として、過熱蒸気を発生させる過熱器１０と、ボイラ給水を予熱する節炭器１２と、を有している。後部煙道５を流れる排ガスは、過熱器１０及び節炭器１２を流通する蒸気やボイラ給水と熱交換されて冷却される。また、節炭器１２を通過したボイラ給水が貯留される蒸気ドラム８を有し、蒸気ドラム８は炉壁管６にも接続されている。 The rear flue 5 has a flow path for flowing the gas discharged from the cyclone 3 to the rear stage. The rear flue 5 has a superheater 10 for generating superheated steam and an economizer 12 for preheating the boiler water supply as an exhaust heat recovery unit for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas flowing through the rear flue 5 is heat-exchanged with the steam flowing through the superheater 10 and the economizer 12 and the boiler supply water to be cooled. Further, it has a steam drum 8 for storing boiler water supply that has passed through the economizer 12, and the steam drum 8 is also connected to a furnace wall pipe 6.
　節炭器１２は、排ガスの熱をボイラ給水に伝熱して、ボイラ給水を予熱するものである。節炭器１２は、管２１によってポンプ７と接続される一方、管２２によって蒸気ドラム８と接続されている。ポンプ７から管２１を経由して節炭器１２に供給され、節炭器１２によって予熱されたボイラ給水は、管２２を経由して蒸気ドラム８に供給される。 The economizer 12 transfers the heat of the exhaust gas to the boiler water supply to preheat the boiler water supply. The economizer 12 is connected to the pump 7 by a pipe 21 while being connected to the steam drum 8 by a pipe 22. The boiler water supplied from the pump 7 to the economizer 12 via the pipe 21 and preheated by the economizer 12 is supplied to the steam drum 8 via the pipe 22.
　蒸気ドラム８には、降水管８ａ及び炉壁管６が接続されている。蒸気ドラム８内のボイラ給水は、降水管８ａを下降し、火炉２の下部側で炉壁管６に導入されて蒸気ドラム８へ向かって流通する。炉壁管６内のボイラ給水は、火炉２内で発生する燃焼熱によって加熱されて、蒸気ドラム８内で蒸発し蒸気となる。 A precipitation pipe 8a and a furnace wall pipe 6 are connected to the steam drum 8. The boiler water supply in the steam drum 8 descends the precipitation pipe 8a, is introduced into the furnace wall pipe 6 on the lower side of the furnace 2, and flows toward the steam drum 8. The boiler water supply in the furnace wall pipe 6 is heated by the combustion heat generated in the furnace 2 and evaporates in the steam drum 8 to become steam.
　蒸気ドラム８には、内部の蒸気を排出する飽和蒸気管８ｂが接続されている。飽和蒸気管８ｂは、蒸気ドラム８と過熱器１０とを接続している。蒸気ドラム８内の蒸気は、飽和蒸気管８ｂを経由して過熱器１０に供給される。過熱器１０は、排ガスの熱を用いて蒸気を過熱して過熱蒸気を生成するものである。過熱蒸気は、管１０ａを通り、プラント１外のタービン１００に供給されて発電に利用される。 A saturated steam pipe 8b for discharging internal steam is connected to the steam drum 8. The saturated steam pipe 8b connects the steam drum 8 and the superheater 10. The steam in the steam drum 8 is supplied to the superheater 10 via the saturated steam pipe 8b. The superheater 10 uses the heat of the exhaust gas to superheat the steam to generate superheated steam. The superheated steam passes through the pipe 10a, is supplied to the turbine 100 outside the plant 1, and is used for power generation.
　タービン１００から排出された蒸気の圧力と温度は、過熱器１０から排出される蒸気の圧力と温度よりも低い。特に限定されるものではないが、タービン１００へ供給される蒸気の圧力は、約１０～１７ＭＰａ程度であり、温度は約５３０～５７０℃程度となる。タービン１００から排出される蒸気の圧力は、約３～５ＭＰａ程度であり、温度は約３５０～４００℃程度となる。 The pressure and temperature of the steam discharged from the turbine 100 is lower than the pressure and temperature of the steam discharged from the superheater 10. Although not particularly limited, the pressure of the steam supplied to the turbine 100 is about 10 to 17 MPa, and the temperature is about 530 to 570 ° C. The pressure of the steam discharged from the turbine 100 is about 3 to 5 MPa, and the temperature is about 350 to 400 ° C.
　タービン１００の下流には復水器１０２が設けられている。タービン１００から排出された蒸気は復水器１０２に供給され、復水器１０２において凝縮して飽和水に戻された上でポンプ７へと供給される。タービン１００には、タービン１００の回転により得られる運動エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するジェネレータが接続される。 A condenser 102 is provided downstream of the turbine 100. The steam discharged from the turbine 100 is supplied to the condenser 102, condensed in the condenser 102 and returned to saturated water, and then supplied to the pump 7. A generator that converts the kinetic energy obtained by the rotation of the turbine 100 into electrical energy is connected to the turbine 100.
　ポンプ７ａは、復水器１０２の水位を一定に保つように、補給水を供給する。図１では、ポンプ７ａにより補給される補給水流量ｕ１（「プロセスデータ」の一例）を示している。 The pump 7a supplies make-up water so as to keep the water level of the condenser 102 constant. FIG. 1 shows a make-up water flow rate u1 (an example of “process data”) replenished by the pump 7a.
　本実施形態で取り扱うプロセスデータは、プラント１に関する任意のデータであってよいが、例えば、プラント１の状態をセンサで測定したデータ（「プロセスデータ」の一例）であってよく、より具体的には、プラント１の温度、圧力及び流量等の測定値を含んでよい。図１では、ポンプ７から節炭器１２に供給されるボイラ給水流量ｕ２（「プロセスデータ」の一例）を示している。さらに、図１では、過熱器１０からタービン１００に供給されるボイラ出口蒸気流量ｕ３（「プロセスデータ」の一例）を示し、蒸気ドラム８から過熱器１０に供給される飽和蒸気流量ｕ４（「プロセスデータ」の一例）を示している。なお、補給水流量ｕ１は、飽和蒸気流量ｕ４に追従するように制御されてよい。また、ボイラ出口蒸気流量ｕ３（または過熱蒸気流量）と、蒸気ドラム８の液面レベルの双方を監視しながら、ボイラ給水流量ｕ２を調整するように制御されてよい。 The process data handled in this embodiment may be arbitrary data relating to the plant 1, but may be, for example, data obtained by measuring the state of the plant 1 with a sensor (an example of “process data”), and more specifically. May include measured values such as temperature, pressure and flow rate of plant 1. FIG. 1 shows a boiler supply water flow rate u2 (an example of “process data”) supplied from the pump 7 to the economizer 12. Further, FIG. 1 shows a boiler outlet steam flow rate u3 (an example of “process data”) supplied from the superheater 10 to the turbine 100, and a saturated steam flow rate u4 (“process”) supplied from the steam drum 8 to the superheater 10. An example of "data") is shown. The make-up water flow rate u1 may be controlled to follow the saturated steam flow rate u4. Further, it may be controlled to adjust the boiler supply water flow rate u2 while monitoring both the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3 (or the superheated steam flow rate) and the liquid level of the steam drum 8.
　プラント１を構成する管系統に破孔が生じた場合、補給水流量ｕ１が上昇したり、ボイラ給水流量ｕ２とボイラ出口蒸気流量ｕ３の流量差が増大したりする。ＤＣＳ（Distributed Control System、図２）２０は、補給水流量ｕ１、ボイラ給水流量ｕ２、ボイラ出口蒸気流量ｕ３及び飽和蒸気流量ｕ４等のプラント１のプロセスデータをプラント１から受信し、プラント１の稼働状況を監視し、プラント１に異常が生じていないか監視する。後述するように、監視装置４０は、異常の種類ごとに設定されるアラーム判定ロジックに基づいてプロセスデータを評価し、異常が発生したと判断した場合、表示装置４０にアラームを発報させる。 When a hole occurs in the pipe system constituting the plant 1, the make-up water flow rate u1 increases, or the flow rate difference between the boiler supply water flow rate u2 and the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3 increases. The DCS (Distributed Control System, FIG. 2) 20 receives the process data of the plant 1 such as the make-up water flow rate u1, the boiler supply water flow rate u2, the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3, and the saturated steam flow rate u4 from the plant 1, and operates the plant 1. Monitor the situation and monitor the plant 1 for any abnormalities. As will be described later, the monitoring device 40 evaluates the process data based on the alarm determination logic set for each type of abnormality, and when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, the monitoring device 40 causes the display device 40 to issue an alarm.
　なお、プロセスデータとして補給水流量ｕ１、ボイラ給水流量ｕ２、ボイラ出口蒸気流量ｕ３及び飽和蒸気流量ｕ４を例示したが、プラント１に関するプロセスデータは、他のデータであってもよい。プラント１に関するプロセスデータは、温度、圧力等の他のデータ、または、複数のプロセスデータに基づいて算出されたデータであってもよいし、センサ等から取得された計算処理されていないデータであってもよい。 Although the make-up water flow rate u1, the boiler supply water flow rate u2, the boiler outlet steam flow rate u3, and the saturated steam flow rate u4 are exemplified as process data, the process data related to the plant 1 may be other data. The process data related to the plant 1 may be other data such as temperature and pressure, data calculated based on a plurality of process data, or data obtained from a sensor or the like that has not been calculated. You may.
　図２は、本実施形態に係るプラント１、ＤＣＳ２０及び運転支援システム３０の機能ブロック図である。 FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the plant 1, DCS20 and the operation support system 30 according to the present embodiment.
　ＤＣＳ２０は、プラント１を制御するための分散制御システムである。ＤＣＳ２０は、プラント１に設置されるセンサ等からプロセスデータを取得し、これに基づいてプラント１を制御するための制御信号をプラント１に供給する。 DCS20 is a distributed control system for controlling plant 1. The DCS 20 acquires process data from a sensor or the like installed in the plant 1 and supplies a control signal for controlling the plant 1 to the plant 1 based on the process data.
　運転支援システム３０は、ＤＣＳ２０からプロセスデータを取得するエッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２と、エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２からプロセスデータを取得し、プロセスデータに基づいてプラント１を監視する監視装置４０と、運転員のためにプラント１の稼働状況を表示する表示装置５０とを備える。監視装置４０（「制御装置」の一例）は、表示装置５０を制御する制御装置としても機能する。具体的には、監視装置４０は、プロセスデータを取得しこれに基づいて異常の有無を判断し、異常が発生していると判断された場合、表示装置５０にアラーム（「警告」の一例）を発報させる。アラームを発報させる際、監視装置４０は、ガイド情報（後述）等アラーム発報の際に表示させる情報を後述するデータベースから取得し、表示装置５０の表示画面に表示させる。 The operation support system 30 includes an edge / cloud computing unit 32 that acquires process data from the DCS 20, and a monitoring device 40 that acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32 and monitors the plant 1 based on the process data. Also equipped with a display device 50 for displaying the operating status of the plant 1 for the operator. The monitoring device 40 (an example of a “control device”) also functions as a control device for controlling the display device 50. Specifically, the monitoring device 40 acquires process data, determines the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the process data, and if it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, an alarm is given to the display device 50 (an example of "warning"). To be notified. When issuing an alarm, the monitoring device 40 acquires information to be displayed when the alarm is issued, such as guide information (described later), from a database described later, and displays the information on the display screen of the display device 50.
　エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２は、ネットワーク網の周縁部に分散配置された複数のエッジサーバと、複数のエッジサーバからプロセスデータを収集し監視装置４０に提供するクラウドデータサーバを備える。エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２を備えることにより、大規模な監視装置や、複数に分散される監視装置から、好適にプロセスデータを収集することが可能である。ただし、運転支援システム３０は、必ずしも、エエッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２を備えなくてもよい。その場合、運転支援システム３０は、ネットワークを介して、ＤＣＳ２０からプロセスデータを取得する。 The edge / cloud computing unit 32 includes a plurality of edge servers distributed in the peripheral portion of the network network, and a cloud data server that collects process data from the plurality of edge servers and provides them to the monitoring device 40. By providing the edge / cloud computing unit 32, it is possible to suitably collect process data from a large-scale monitoring device or a monitoring device distributed in a plurality of areas. However, the driving support system 30 does not necessarily have to include the edge / cloud computing unit 32. In that case, the driving support system 30 acquires the process data from the DCS 20 via the network.
　監視装置４０は、アラーム表示制御部４２と、記憶部４４とを備える。
  アラーム表示制御部４２は、エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２からプロセスデータを取得するプロセスデータ取得部４２Ａと、プロセスデータ取得部４２Ａによって取得されたプロセスデータに基づいてアラームの発報要否を判定するアラーム判定部４２Ｂと、アラーム判定部４２Ｂによりアラームの発報が必要と判定された場合に、過去に発生したアラーム時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、グラフ推薦リスト（「グラフの選択肢」の一例）を生成するグラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃと、アラーム判定部４２Ｂによりアラームの発報が必要と判定された場合に、そのアラームに関連する情報を表示装置５０に表示させるアラーム確認表示部４２Ｄと、運転員によって選択されたグラフが表示装置５０の表示画面に表示されたことをグラフ表示実績として収集するグラフ表示実績収集部４２Ｅとを備える。 The monitoring device 40 includes an alarm display control unit 42 and a storage unit 44.
The alarm display control unit 42 determines whether or not an alarm needs to be issued based on the process data acquisition unit 42A that acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32 and the process data acquired by the process data acquisition unit 42A. When the alarm judgment unit 42B and the alarm judgment unit 42B determine that an alarm needs to be issued, the graph recommendation list ("graph choices") is based on the history of the graph viewed at the time of the alarm that occurred in the past. A graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C that generates an example), and an alarm confirmation display unit 42D that displays information related to the alarm on the display device 50 when it is determined by the alarm determination unit 42B that an alarm needs to be issued. The graph display result collecting unit 42E collects the fact that the graph selected by the operator is displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 as the graph display result.
　監視装置の記憶部４４は、アラーム設定ＤＢ４４Ａ、アラーム発生履歴ＤＢ４４Ｂ、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃ、グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄ及びガイド情報ＤＢ４４Ｅを備える。まず、記憶部４４の各データベースについて説明する。 The storage unit 44 of the monitoring device includes an alarm setting DB 44A, an alarm occurrence history DB 44B, a graph setting DB 44C, a graph browsing history DB 44D, and a guide information DB 44E. First, each database of the storage unit 44 will be described.
　アラーム設定ＤＢ４４Ａは、プロセスデータに基づいて、プラント１の異常等を示すアラームの発生有無を判断するための、アラーム判定ロジック（判断基準）を格納する。図３Ａには、アラーム設定ＤＢ４４Ａに格納される情報の一例が示される。同図において、各行ごとに、アラームの識別情報（ＩＤ）、そのアラームの分類情報（「大分類」、「中分類」及び「小分類」）及びそのアラームに関連する評価項目名が示される。アラーム判定ロジックは、評価項目名に関連付けて記録されている。アラーム判定ロジックは、単一のセンサから取得されるプロセスデータに基づくものでもよいし、所定のアルゴリズム（機械学習によって生成された所定の学習済みモデルに基づくもの、及び、複数のセンサのプロセスデータを多変量解析等することにより導かれる数式又は数理モデルに基づくものを含む。）に従って、複数種類のセンサから取得されたプロセスデータに基づくものであってもよい。 The alarm setting DB 44A stores an alarm determination logic (judgment standard) for determining whether or not an alarm indicating an abnormality or the like in the plant 1 has occurred, based on the process data. FIG. 3A shows an example of the information stored in the alarm setting DB 44A. In the figure, the identification information (ID) of the alarm, the classification information of the alarm (“major classification”, “middle classification” and “minor classification”) and the evaluation item name related to the alarm are shown for each line. The alarm determination logic is recorded in association with the evaluation item name. The alarm determination logic may be based on process data acquired from a single sensor, based on a given algorithm (based on a given trained model generated by machine learning, and process data from multiple sensors). It may be based on process data acquired from a plurality of types of sensors according to a mathematical formula or a mathematical model derived by multivariate analysis or the like).
　アラーム発生履歴ＤＢ４４Ｂは、過去に発報したアラームに関する情報を格納する。具体的には、過去に発報したアラームに関連する情報とそのアラームの発生日時等が記録される。 The alarm occurrence history DB44B stores information related to alarms issued in the past. Specifically, information related to an alarm issued in the past and the date and time when the alarm occurred are recorded.
　グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃは、プロセスデータに基づいて生成可能なグラフに関する情報を格納する。図３Ｂには、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃに格納される情報の一例が示される。同図において、各行ごとに、登録名とグラフの種類が示される。登録名（「グラフの説明」の一例）は、グラフで表示される評価項目を記載するように定められるため、グラフを説明する情報に相当する。また、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃには、評価項目の基礎となるプロセスデータの信号名も記録されており、例えば運転員が一つのグラフをダブルクリック（選択）すると、対応するプロセスデータの信号名が示される。なお、運転員は、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃにアクセスし、同データベースに記録されているグラフの内容を編集可能である。また、このデータベースに新たなグラフを登録することも可能である。 The graph setting DB44C stores information about a graph that can be generated based on process data. FIG. 3B shows an example of information stored in the graph setting DB 44C. In the figure, the registered name and the type of graph are shown for each row. The registered name (an example of "explanation of the graph") corresponds to the information for explaining the graph because it is defined to describe the evaluation items displayed in the graph. In addition, the signal name of the process data that is the basis of the evaluation item is also recorded in the graph setting DB44C. For example, when the operator double-clicks (selects) one graph, the signal name of the corresponding process data is displayed. .. The operator can access the graph setting DB44C and edit the contents of the graph recorded in the database. It is also possible to register a new graph in this database.
　グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄは、過去のアラーム発報時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴情報を格納する。図３Ｃには、グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄに格納される情報の一例が示される。本実施形態では、グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄは、過去のアラーム発報時のグラフの表示回数をスコア値としてグラフ（「チャート１」等と記載）ごとに記憶する。同図には、一例として、「アグロメレーション検知」に関するアラーム発報時に、過去に「チャート１」（実際は、図３Ｂにグラフの登録名）という名称のグラフが３０回表示され、「チャート２」という名称のグラフが２１回表示され、「チャート３」という名称のグラフが５回表示されたことが記録されていることが示される。 The graph browsing history DB44D stores the history information of the graph browsed when the alarm was issued in the past. FIG. 3C shows an example of information stored in the graph browsing history DB 44D. In the present embodiment, the graph browsing history DB 44D stores the number of times the graph is displayed at the time of issuing an alarm in the past as a score value for each graph (described as "chart 1" or the like). In the figure, as an example, a graph named "Chart 1" (actually, the registered name of the graph in FIG. 3B) is displayed 30 times in the past when an alarm related to "aggregation detection" is issued, and "Chart 2" is displayed. The graph named "Chart 3" is displayed 21 times, and it is shown that the graph named "Chart 3" is displayed 5 times.
　ガイド情報ＤＢ４４Ｅは、アラーム発報時の対応方法をガイドするための情報を格納する。例えば、ガイド情報ＤＢ４４Ｅには、アラームごとに「１．監視ポイント（グラフの見方）」と題されたグラフから事象を捉える方法を説明する文章と、「２．対応方法」と題されたプロセスデータの状態を適正化するための方法を説明する文章が記録される。なお、プロセスデータの状態を適正化するための方法とは、注目しているプロセスデータが閾値を超えている状態を適正化し、閾値以内とするための方法である。 The guide information DB44E stores information for guiding the response method when an alarm is issued. For example, in the guide information DB44E, a sentence explaining a method of capturing an event from a graph entitled "1. Monitoring point (how to read the graph)" for each alarm and a process data entitled "2. Response method" are provided. A sentence is recorded explaining how to optimize the condition of. The method for optimizing the state of the process data is a method for optimizing the state in which the process data of interest exceeds the threshold value and keeps the state within the threshold value.
　図３Ｄには、発報されたアラームが「循環系温度差１」のときに、表示装置５０の表示画面に表示されたガイド情報の一例が示される。「１．監視ポイント（グラフの見方）」には、炉内温度差の定義と、算出式とが記載されている。このような説明文によって、グラフから事象を捉える方法を確認することができ、どのような事象が発生しているのか理解しやすくなる。「２．対応方法」には、炉内温度差の大小に応じて運転員が確認すべき項目が列挙されている。このような説明文によって、プロセスデータの状態を適正化するための方法を確認することが可能となる。なお、ガイド情報は、文字情報や数式等のほか画像や凡例グラフ等を含んでもよい。さらに、同一のアラームが過去に発報された時刻を表示する機能を備えてもよい。 FIG. 3D shows an example of guide information displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 when the issued alarm is “circulatory system temperature difference 1”. In "1. Monitoring point (how to read the graph)", the definition of the temperature difference in the furnace and the calculation formula are described. With such an explanation, it is possible to confirm the method of capturing the event from the graph, and it becomes easy to understand what kind of event is occurring. In "2. Countermeasures", items that the operator should check according to the magnitude of the temperature difference in the furnace are listed. With such an explanation, it becomes possible to confirm the method for optimizing the state of the process data. The guide information may include an image, a legend graph, and the like in addition to character information and mathematical formulas. Further, it may have a function of displaying the time when the same alarm was issued in the past.
　次いでアラーム表示制御部４２の各機能ブロックについて説明する。
  プロセスデータ取得部４２Ａは、エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部３２からプロセスデータを取得する。 Next, each functional block of the alarm display control unit 42 will be described.
The process data acquisition unit 42A acquires process data from the edge / cloud computing unit 32.
　アラーム判定部４２Ｂは、プロセスデータに基づいて、プラント１の異常等の発生有無を判断し、異常が発生したと判断した場合、表示装置５０にアラームを発報させる。具体的には、アラーム判定部４２Ｂは、アラーム設定ＤＢ４４Ａに記録されているアラーム判定ロジック（判断基準）を読み出し、このアラーム判定ロジックに従ってプロセスデータを評価する。例えば、アラーム判定部４２Ｂは、所定のプロセスデータをアラーム判定ロジックに基づいて評価し、噴破（ボイラチューブリークのように、ボイラを構成するチューブ及びパイプ等の金属材料が損傷して破孔し、内部の蒸気が外部に漏洩する状態。将来噴破が発生する可能性が高い状態を含む。以下同じ）というプラント１に生じ得る異常の発生有無を判断する。 The alarm determination unit 42B determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the plant 1 based on the process data, and if it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, causes the display device 50 to issue an alarm. Specifically, the alarm determination unit 42B reads the alarm determination logic (determination standard) recorded in the alarm setting DB 44A, and evaluates the process data according to this alarm determination logic. For example, the alarm determination unit 42B evaluates predetermined process data based on the alarm determination logic, and blows (like a boiler tube leak, metal materials such as tubes and pipes constituting the boiler are damaged and puncture. , The state where the internal steam leaks to the outside. Including the state where there is a high possibility that a blowout will occur in the future. The same shall apply hereinafter).
　さらにアラーム判定部４２Ｂは、異常発生を判断すると、アラーム発生履歴ＤＢ４４Ｂにアラームに関する情報（具体的には、アラームの名称及び発生日時等の情報）を記録する。また、アラーム発生履歴ＤＢ４４Ｂから、過去のアラームに関する情報を読み出し、発報させるアラームに関する情報とともに、アラーム確認表示部４２Ｄに提供する。 Further, when the alarm determination unit 42B determines that an abnormality has occurred, it records information about the alarm (specifically, information such as the name of the alarm and the date and time of occurrence) in the alarm occurrence history DB 44B. Further, the information related to the past alarm is read from the alarm occurrence history DB 44B and provided to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D together with the information related to the alarm to be issued.
　グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、過去に発報したアラーム時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、グラフ推薦リストを生成し、アラーム確認表示部４２Ｄに提供する。具体的には、アラーム判定部４２Ｂによりアラーム発報が必要と判定されると、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄにアクセスしそのアラームに関連付けられた複数のグラフと、各グラフのスコア値を取得する。また、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃにアクセスし、各グラフに対応するプロセスデータの信号名を取得する。そして、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、グラフ推薦リストを生成する。 The graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C generates a graph recommendation list based on the history of the graph viewed at the time of the alarm issued in the past, and provides it to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D. Specifically, when the alarm determination unit 42B determines that an alarm is required, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C accesses the graph browsing history DB 44D and has a plurality of graphs associated with the alarm and each graph. Get the score value. Further, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C accesses the graph setting DB 44C and acquires the signal name of the process data corresponding to each graph. Then, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C generates a graph recommendation list.
　図４には、グラフ推薦リストの一例が示される。同図に示されるように、アラームが「循環系温度差１」であるとき、グラフ名が「循環系温度差１（粗粒化検知用）-条件別」であり、対応するプロセスデータが「ボイラ負荷(出熱ベース)(%)」をＸ軸とし、「炉内温度差（火炉上部‐火炉底）」をＹ軸とするグラフが、９０のスコア値を有することが示される。グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、生成したグラフ推薦リストをアラーム確認表示部４２Ｄに提供する。 FIG. 4 shows an example of a graph recommendation list. As shown in the figure, when the alarm is "circulation system temperature difference 1", the graph name is "circulation system temperature difference 1 (for coarse graining detection) -by condition", and the corresponding process data is ". It is shown that the graph with "boiler load (heat output base) (%)" as the X-axis and "in-core temperature difference (fireplace top-fireplace bottom)" as the Y-axis has a score value of 90. The graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C provides the generated graph recommendation list to the alarm confirmation display unit 42D.
　アラーム確認表示部４２Ｄは、アラーム判定部４２Ｂによりアラームの発報が必要と判定されると、運転員がアラームを確認するための情報を表示装置５０に表示させる。図５には、アラーム発報時に表示装置５０の表示画面に表示される情報の一例が示される。表示画面の第１領域ＡＲ１には、アラーム判定部４２Ｂから取得した過去及び現在のアラームに関する情報がリスト形式で表示される。 The alarm confirmation display unit 42D causes the display device 50 to display information for the operator to confirm the alarm when the alarm determination unit 42B determines that the alarm needs to be issued. FIG. 5 shows an example of information displayed on the display screen of the display device 50 when an alarm is issued. In the first area AR1 of the display screen, information on past and present alarms acquired from the alarm determination unit 42B is displayed in a list format.
　また、運転員が所定のアラームＡＬ１をダブルクリック（選択）すると、アラーム確認表示部４２Ｄは、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃから、そのアラームＡＬ１に対応したグラフ推薦リストＧＬ１を取得する。同一の表示画面の第２領域ＡＲ２には、グラフ推薦リストＧＬ１が表示される。さらにアラーム確認表示部４２Ｄはガイド情報ＤＢ４４Ｅにアクセスし、そのアラームに対応したガイド情報を読み出し、表示画面の異なる領域に表示させてもよい。 Further, when the operator double-clicks (selects) the predetermined alarm AL1, the alarm confirmation display unit 42D acquires the graph recommendation list GL1 corresponding to the alarm AL1 from the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C. The graph recommendation list GL1 is displayed in the second area AR2 of the same display screen. Further, the alarm confirmation display unit 42D may access the guide information DB 44E, read the guide information corresponding to the alarm, and display it in a different area of the display screen.
　さらに、運転員がグラフ推薦リストＧＬ１に表示される所定のグラフＧＲ１をダブルクリック（選択）すると、グラフ設定ＤＢ４４Ｃにアクセスするとともに、プロセスデータを取得し、そのグラフを表示する。同一の表示画面の第３領域ＡＲ３には、運転員によって選択されたグラフ（例えば、「循環系温度差１」）が表示される。 Further, when the operator double-clicks (selects) the predetermined graph GR1 displayed on the graph recommendation list GL1, the graph setting DB44C is accessed, the process data is acquired, and the graph is displayed. In the third area AR3 of the same display screen, a graph selected by the operator (for example, “circulatory system temperature difference 1”) is displayed.
　仮に運転員がグラフ推薦リストＧＬ１に表示される他のグラフをダブルクリック（選択）すると、同一の表示画面の第３領域ＡＲ３には、運転員によって選択された異なるグラフ（例えば、「循環系圧力差１」）が表示される。なお、第３領域ＡＲ３に複数のグラフを同時に表示可能に構成してもよい。 If the operator double-clicks (selects) another graph displayed in the graph recommendation list GL1, a different graph selected by the operator (for example, "circulatory system pressure") is displayed in the third area AR3 of the same display screen. Difference 1 ") is displayed. In addition, a plurality of graphs may be configured to be able to be displayed at the same time in the third area AR3.
　グラフ表示実績収集部４２Ｅ（「記録手段」の一例）は、運転員がグラフ推薦リストＧＬ１に表示されるグラフを選択するたびに、そのアラーム発報時にそのグラフが閲覧されたという情報をグラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄに記録する。本実施形態では、そのアラームに関連付けて、そのグラフの閲覧回数をカウントアップする。 The graph display result collection unit 42E (an example of "recording means") browses the information that the graph was viewed when the alarm was issued each time the operator selected the graph to be displayed in the graph recommendation list GL1. Record in the history DB 44D. In the present embodiment, the number of times the graph is viewed is counted up in association with the alarm.
　図６は、本実施形態に係る運転支援システム３０を実現するための物理的構成を示す図である。但し、エッジ/クラウドコンピューティング部３２は、知られた物理的構成を採用することが可能であるため、説明を省略し、以下では、エッジ/クラウドコンピューティング部３２を除いた運転支援システム３０の物理的構成について説明する。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a physical configuration for realizing the driving support system 30 according to the present embodiment. However, since the edge / cloud computing unit 32 can adopt a known physical configuration, the description thereof is omitted. In the following, the driving support system 30 excluding the edge / cloud computing unit 32 will be described. The physical configuration will be described.
　運転支援システム３０は、演算部に相当するＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）３０Ａと、記憶部に相当するＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）３０Ｂ及びＲＯＭ（Read only Memory）３０Ｃと、通信部３０Ｄと、入力部３０Ｅと、表示部３０Ｆとを有する。これらの各構成は、バスを介して相互にデータ送受信可能に接続される。なお、本例では運転支援システム３０が一台のコンピュータで構成される場合について説明するが、運転支援システム３０は、複数台のコンピュータから構成されてもよい。例えば、表示部３０Ｆは、複数台のディスプレイから構成されてもよい。また、図６で示す構成は一例に過ぎず、これらの構成のうち一部を有さなくてもよい。さらに、構成の一部が遠隔地に設けられてもよい。例えば、ＲＯＭ３０Ｃの一部を遠隔地に設け、通信ネットワークを介して通信可能に構成してもよい。 The operation support system 30 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 30A corresponding to a calculation unit, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 30B and a ROM (Read only Memory) 30C corresponding to a storage unit, a communication unit 30D, and an input unit 30E. And a display unit 30F. Each of these configurations is connected to each other via a bus so that data can be transmitted and received. In this example, the case where the driving support system 30 is composed of one computer will be described, but the driving support system 30 may be composed of a plurality of computers. For example, the display unit 30F may be composed of a plurality of displays. Further, the configuration shown in FIG. 6 is only an example, and it is not necessary to have a part of these configurations. Further, a part of the configuration may be provided in a remote place. For example, a part of the ROM 30C may be provided at a remote location so that communication can be performed via a communication network.
　ＣＰＵ３０Ａは、ＲＯＭ３０Ｃ等に記録されたコンピュータプログラム等を実行することにより、本開示に含まれる制御処理及び演算処理等を行う演算部である。ＣＰＵ３０Ａは、プロセッサを備える。ＣＰＵ３０Ａは、ＲＡＭ３０Ｂ、ＲＯＭ３０Ｃ、通信部３０Ｄ及び入力部３０Ｅ等から種々の情報（プロセスデータを含む）を受け取り、演算処理結果等を表示部３０Ｆに表示させたり、ＲＡＭ３０ＢまたはＲＯＭ３０Ｃに格納させたりする。 The CPU 30A is a calculation unit that performs control processing, calculation processing, and the like included in the present disclosure by executing a computer program or the like recorded in the ROM 30C or the like. The CPU 30A includes a processor. The CPU 30A receives various information (including process data) from the RAM 30B, the ROM 30C, the communication unit 30D, the input unit 30E, and the like, displays the calculation processing result and the like on the display unit 30F, and stores the calculation processing result and the like in the RAM 30B or the ROM 30C.
　ＲＡＭ３０Ｂは、記憶部のうちキャッシュメモリとして機能するものであり、例えばＳＲＡＭ及びＤＲＡＭ等の揮発性半導体記憶素子で構成されてよい。 The RAM 30B functions as a cache memory in the storage unit, and may be composed of a volatile semiconductor storage element such as a SRAM and a DRAM.
　ＲＯＭ３０Ｃは、記憶部のうちメインメモリとして機能するものであり、例えばフラッシュメモリ等の電気的に情報を書き換え可能な不揮発性半導体記憶素子又は磁気的に情報を書き換え可能なＨＤＤで構成されてよい。ＲＯＭ３０Ｃは、例えば、本開示に示される各制御及び各演算処理を含む処理を実行するためのコンピュータプログラム及びデータを記憶してよい。 The ROM 30C functions as a main memory in the storage unit, and may be composed of, for example, a non-volatile semiconductor storage element such as a flash memory that can electrically rewrite information or an HDD that can magnetically rewrite information. The ROM 30C may store, for example, a computer program and data for executing a process including each control and each arithmetic process shown in the present disclosure.
　通信部３０Ｄは、運転支援システム３０をＤＣＳ２０等の他の装置に接続するためのインターフェースである。通信部３０Ｄは、インターネット等の通信ネットワークに接続されてよい。 The communication unit 30D is an interface for connecting the driving support system 30 to another device such as the DCS 20. The communication unit 30D may be connected to a communication network such as the Internet.
　入力部３０Ｅは、運転員からデータの入力及びグラフの選択等を受け付けるものであり、例えば、キーボード及びタッチパネルを含んでよい。 The input unit 30E receives data input, graph selection, and the like from the operator, and may include, for example, a keyboard and a touch panel.
　表示部３０Ｆは、ＣＰＵ３０Ａによる演算結果を視覚的に表示するものであり、例えば、ＬＣＤ（Liquid Crystal Display）から構成されてよい。 The display unit 30F visually displays the calculation result by the CPU 30A, and may be composed of, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
　上記のような物理的構成において、主としてＣＰＵ３０Ａがコンピュータプログラムを実行することにより監視装置４０のアラーム表示制御部４２を構成する各機能を実現することが可能であり、主としてＲＯＭ３０Ｃから記憶部４４を構成する各データベースを実現することが可能であり、主として表示部３０Ｆから表示装置５０を実現することが可能である。 In the above physical configuration, it is possible to realize each function constituting the alarm display control unit 42 of the monitoring device 40 mainly by the CPU 30A executing the computer program, and the storage unit 44 is mainly configured from the ROM 30C. It is possible to realize each database, and it is possible to realize the display device 50 mainly from the display unit 30F.
　［表示方法］
  以下、運転支援システム３０を用いて運転員に発報されるアラームの妥当性をトレースさせるための情報の表示方法について説明する。図７は、このような表示方法を含むフローチャートである。 [Display method]
Hereinafter, a method of displaying information for tracing the validity of an alarm issued to an operator using the driving support system 30 will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart including such a display method.
　まず、アラーム判定部４２Ｂは、プロセスデータ取得部４２Ａによって取得されるプロセスデータをアラーム判定ロジックに基づいて評価し、プラント１に異常が発生したか否かを判断する。アラーム判定部４２Ｂがプラント１に所定の異常が発生したと判断すると、アラームを発報する（ステップＳ７１）。具体的には、監視装置４０は、表示画面の第１領域ＡＲ１に、アラーム判定部４２Ｂから取得した過去及び現在のアラームに関する情報をリスト形式で表示させる。なお、監視装置４０は、表示画面の第２領域ＡＲ２に最新のアラームに対応したグラフ推薦リストを表示させ、第３領域ＡＲ３にそのグラフ推薦リストのスコア値が最大である複数のグラフを表示させ、さらに別の領域に、最新のアラームに対応したガイド情報を表示させてもよい。 First, the alarm determination unit 42B evaluates the process data acquired by the process data acquisition unit 42A based on the alarm determination logic, and determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the plant 1. When the alarm determination unit 42B determines that a predetermined abnormality has occurred in the plant 1, an alarm is issued (step S71). Specifically, the monitoring device 40 causes the first area AR1 of the display screen to display information on past and present alarms acquired from the alarm determination unit 42B in a list format. The monitoring device 40 displays a graph recommendation list corresponding to the latest alarm in the second area AR2 of the display screen, and displays a plurality of graphs having the maximum score value in the graph recommendation list in the third area AR3. , The guide information corresponding to the latest alarm may be displayed in yet another area.
　運転員は、アラームが発報されると、そのアラームの妥当性を確認する作業を開始する。具体的には、運転員は、グラフ推薦リストにリストアップされるグラフ名、信号名及びそのスコア値（図４）を吟味しながら、確認すべきグラフを選択する（ステップＳ７２）。なお、運転員は、第１領域ＡＲ１に表示される他のアラームを選択した場合、監視装置４０は、表示画面の第２領域ＡＲ２にそのアラームに対応するグラフ推薦リスト、第３領域ＡＲ３に対応するグラフ、更に別の領域にガイド情報を表示させる。 When the alarm is issued, the operator starts the work of confirming the validity of the alarm. Specifically, the operator selects a graph to be confirmed while examining the graph name, the signal name and the score value thereof (FIG. 4) listed in the graph recommendation list (step S72). When the operator selects another alarm displayed in the first area AR1, the monitoring device 40 corresponds to the graph recommendation list corresponding to the alarm in the second area AR2 of the display screen and the third area AR3. The guide information is displayed in the graph to be displayed and another area.
　ここで、グラフ推薦リストには、スコア値が含まれる。このため、運転員は、確認すべき優先度が高いグラフを把握することが可能になる。また、スコア値は、予め設定されたものではなく、プラント１を稼働中に実際に運転員によって閲覧された事実を反映させた情報である。本実施形態に係るグラフ推薦リストは、同一のアラームであっても、プラントが異なれば、異なるものとなる場合がある。従って、運転員は、プラント１に搭載されている機種特有の観点に基づいて、確認すべき優先度が高いグラフを把握することが可能になる。 Here, the score value is included in the graph recommendation list. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed. Further, the score value is not a preset value, but is information that reflects the fact actually viewed by the operator while the plant 1 is in operation. Even if the alarm is the same, the graph recommendation list according to the present embodiment may be different depending on the plant. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed based on the viewpoint peculiar to the model mounted on the plant 1.
　さらに、グラフ推薦リストは、プラント１を稼働中に実際に運転員によって閲覧された事実を反映させたものであるから、経時変化等に応じて、たとえ同一のプラントであっても、同一のアラームに対して異なるものとなる場合がある。従って、運転員は、プラント１の経時変化などを加味した観点に基づいて、確認すべき優先度が高いグラフを把握することが可能になる。 Furthermore, since the graph recommendation list reflects the facts actually viewed by the operator while the plant 1 is in operation, the same alarm is given even if the plant is the same, depending on changes over time. May be different. Therefore, the operator can grasp the graph having a high priority to be confirmed based on the viewpoint including the change with time of the plant 1.
　運転員が、グラフ推薦リストとして表示されるグラフの選択肢から、一つのグラフを選択すると、監視装置４０は、表示画面の第３領域ＡＲ２に選択されたグラフを表示させる（ステップＳ７３）。 When the operator selects one graph from the graph options displayed as the graph recommendation list, the monitoring device 40 displays the selected graph in the third area AR2 of the display screen (step S73).
　運転員は、状況に応じて臨機応変に、適切と考えられる順番でグラフを選択することが可能である。例えば、スコア値が低いグラフを先に選択して表示させた後に、スコア値が高いグラフを選択して表示させることも可能である。このようなことにより、スコア値が低いグラフの閲覧結果を前提として、スコアが高いグラフを閲覧することが可能となる。 The operator can select the graphs in the order considered appropriate, flexibly according to the situation. For example, it is also possible to select and display a graph with a low score value first, and then select and display a graph with a high score value. As a result, it is possible to browse a graph with a high score on the premise of viewing a graph with a low score value.
　監視装置４０は、運転員がグラフ推薦リストに表示されるグラフを選択するたびに、そのアラーム発報時にそのグラフが閲覧されたという情報をグラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢ４４Ｄに記録する（ステップＳ７４）。 Each time the operator selects a graph to be displayed in the graph recommendation list, the monitoring device 40 records information that the graph has been viewed at the time of issuing the alarm in the graph browsing history DB 44D (step S74).
　運転員は、確認すべきグラフを全て表示させてアラーム発報の妥当性を見極めた後、ガイド情報に従った対応を行う。 The operator displays all the graphs to be confirmed, determines the validity of the alarm issuance, and then responds according to the guide information.
　以上のとおりであるから、本実施形態に示される表示装置及び表示方法によれば、確認すべきグラフを効率的に確認することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the display device and display method shown in the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently confirm the graph to be confirmed.
  ［変形例］
　本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない限り、さまざまな変形が可能である。例えば、運転員が選択し、表示画面に表示させたグラフの閲覧履歴に基づいて、グラフ間の類似度を知られている協調フィルタリングアルゴリズムにより学習し、類似度に基づいてスコア値を算出するように構成してもよい。その場合、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、全ての運転員のグラフの閲覧履歴に基づいて、グラフ間の類似度を機械学習し、その類似度に基づいてスコア値を算出し、グラフ閲覧履歴ＤＢに記録する。類似度は、例えば、ユークリッド距離、加重平均、またはピアソン係数などを用いて算出されてもよい。また、表示中のグラフに基づいて、グラフ推薦リストを更新してもよい。その他、グラフ推薦順算出部４２Ｃは、過去発生した警告と、その警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴を教師データとして用いて生成された学習モデルに基づいてスコア値を算出してもよい。機械学習モデルは、畳み込みニューラルネットワーク（ＣＮＮ）等のニューラルネットワークを用いるもの、ガウス過程回帰等の回帰モデルを用いるもの、決定木等の木アルゴリズムを用いるものを含む。機械学習のための情報を収集する際には、エッジ/クラウドコンピューティング部３２を使用することができる。 [Modification example]
The present invention can be modified in various ways as long as it does not deviate from the gist thereof. For example, based on the browsing history of graphs selected by the operator and displayed on the display screen, the similarity between graphs is learned by a known collaborative filtering algorithm, and the score value is calculated based on the similarity. It may be configured as. In that case, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C machine-learns the similarity between graphs based on the browsing history of the graphs of all operators, calculates the score value based on the similarity, and calculates the graph browsing history DB. Record in. The similarity may be calculated using, for example, the Euclidean distance, the weighted average, or the Pearson coefficient. In addition, the graph recommendation list may be updated based on the displayed graph. In addition, the graph recommendation order calculation unit 42C may calculate the score value based on the learning model generated by using the warning generated in the past and the history of the graph viewed at the time of the warning as teacher data. Machine learning models include those using neural networks such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), those using regression models such as Gaussian process regression, and those using tree algorithms such as decision trees. The edge / cloud computing unit 32 can be used when collecting information for machine learning.
　また、グラフ推薦リストは、スコア値が上位のもののみを表示してもよいし、スコア値を有するものを全て表示してもよい。特殊な状況下においては、スコア値が低いグラフの閲覧が必要となる場合もある。 Further, in the graph recommendation list, only those having a high score value may be displayed, or all those having a score value may be displayed. Under special circumstances, it may be necessary to view graphs with low score values.
　その他、本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない限り、さまざまな変形が可能である。たとえば、当業者の通常の創作能力の範囲内で、ある実施形態における一部の構成要素を、他の実施形態に追加することができる。また、ある実施形態における一部の構成要素を、他の実施形態の対応する構成要素と置換することができる。 In addition, the present invention can be modified in various ways as long as it does not deviate from the gist thereof. For example, some components in one embodiment may be added to other embodiments within the normal creative abilities of those skilled in the art. Also, some components in one embodiment can be replaced with corresponding components in another embodiment.
１　プラント
２　火炉
３　サイクロン
４　循環材回収管
５　後部煙道
６　炉壁管
７　ポンプ
８　蒸気ドラム
１０　過熱器
１２　節炭器
３０　運転支援システム
３２　エッジ／クラウドコンピューティング部
４０　監視装置
４２　アラーム表示制御部
４４　記憶
５０　表示装置
１００　タービン
１０２　復水器 1 Plant 2 Fireplace 3 Cyclone 4 Circulator recovery pipe 5 Rear flue 6 Furnace wall pipe 7 Pump 8 Steam drum 10 Superheater 12 Economizer 30 Operation support system 32 Edge / Cloud computing unit 40 Monitoring device 42 Alarm display control unit 44 Memory 50 Display 100 Turbine 102 Condenser

Claims (8)

  1. 　過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告時に、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示し、
    　選択された前記グラフを表示するように構成される、
    　表示装置。     Based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of warnings that occurred in the past, the choices of graphs to be viewed at the time of warning are displayed.
    Configured to display the selected graph,
    Display device.
  2. 　前記選択肢は、前記警告に関連付けられる少なくとも一つのグラフの説明とともに表示される、
    　請求項１に記載の表示装置。     The options are displayed with a description of at least one graph associated with the warning.
    The display device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記選択肢は、過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの表示回数に基づいて表示される、
    　請求項１または２に記載の表示装置。     The choices are displayed based on the number of impressions of the graph viewed at the time of the warning that occurred in the past.
    The display device according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記選択肢は、過去発生した警告と、その警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴を教師データとして用いて生成された学習モデルに基づいて表示される、
    　請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。     The choices are displayed based on a learning model generated using past warnings and the history of graphs viewed at the time of the warning as teacher data.
    The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  5. 　前記グラフが表示されたことを記録する記録手段をさらに備える、
    　請求項１乃至４の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。     Further provided with a recording means for recording that the graph is displayed.
    The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
  6. 　過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示するステップと、
    　選択された前記グラフを表示するステップと、
    　を含む表示方法。     Based on the history of graphs viewed during warnings that occurred in the past, when a warning occurs, a step to display the graph options to be viewed, and
    The step to display the selected graph and
    Display method including.
  7. 　過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示装置に表示させる手段と、
    　選択された前記グラフを前記表示装置に表示させる手段と、
    　を備える制御装置。     Based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of warnings that occurred in the past, when a warning occurs, a means to display the graph options to be viewed on the display device,
    A means for displaying the selected graph on the display device,
    A control device equipped with.
  8. 　コンピュータに、
    　過去発生した警告時に閲覧されたグラフの履歴に基づいて、警告が生じた際、閲覧するグラフの選択肢を表示装置に表示させるステップと、
    　選択された前記グラフを前記表示装置に表示させるステップと、
    　を実行させるためのコンピュータプログラム。     On the computer
    Based on the history of graphs viewed at the time of warnings that occurred in the past, when a warning occurs, a step to display the graph options to be viewed on the display device, and
    A step of displaying the selected graph on the display device, and
    A computer program to run.
PCT/JP2021/034859 2020-10-14 2021-09-22 Display device, display method, control device, and computer program WO2022080104A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018169769A (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-11-01 三菱重工業株式会社 Sign detection system and sign detection method
WO2020202464A1 (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-08 三菱電機株式会社 Monitoring control terminal apparatus and screen display method

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JP2018106432A (en) 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 株式会社日立製作所 Online monitoring apparatus and online monitoring method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018169769A (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-11-01 三菱重工業株式会社 Sign detection system and sign detection method
WO2020202464A1 (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-08 三菱電機株式会社 Monitoring control terminal apparatus and screen display method

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