WO2021237887A1 - 一种电动汽车换电站 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237887A1
WO2021237887A1 PCT/CN2020/100683 CN2020100683W WO2021237887A1 WO 2021237887 A1 WO2021237887 A1 WO 2021237887A1 CN 2020100683 W CN2020100683 W CN 2020100683W WO 2021237887 A1 WO2021237887 A1 WO 2021237887A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
assembly
seat
transmission
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100683
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐亚新
胡君杰
朱冬东
杜树平
吴肖波
吕珊
Original Assignee
浙江康迪智能换电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江康迪智能换电科技有限公司 filed Critical 浙江康迪智能换电科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021237887A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237887A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric vehicle switching station.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle replacement station, which can conveniently complete the battery replacement of the electric vehicle, replaces labor, and has high efficiency.
  • An electric vehicle switching station includes: an automobile positioning device; a battery exchange device, the battery exchange device is located on one side of the automobile positioning device, the battery exchange device includes: a bracket; a lifting seat, the lifting The seat is vertically slidably mounted on the support; the first power device is used to drive the lifting of the lifting seat; the sliding seat, the slide seat is slidably installed on the lifting seat; the second power device is used to drive The sliding seat of the sliding seat; the rotating seat, the rotating seat is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat; the third power device is used to drive the rotation of the rotating seat; the battery receiving seat, the battery receiving seat is provided with two One, the two battery receiving seats are slidably mounted on both ends of the rotating seat; the fourth power device is used to drive the sliding of the battery receiving seat; and the battery grabbing mechanism is provided with two battery grabbing mechanisms. One, the two battery grabbing mechanisms are slidably mounted on the two battery receiving seats; the fifth power device is used to drive the battery grabbing mechanism to slide; the battery placement rack, the
  • the battery grasping mechanism includes a bottom plate, a first motor, a driving block, a driving rod, a connecting rod, a guide plate, a clamping block and a buckle
  • the bottom plate is slidably connected to the battery receiving seat
  • the first A motor is installed on the bottom plate
  • the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate
  • two ends of the guide plate are provided with guide holes
  • the driving block is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor
  • There are two driving rods one end of the driving rod is rotatably connected with the driving block, and the connecting part of the driving rod and the driving block is spaced apart from the output shaft of the first motor, the connecting rod Rotatingly connected with the other end of the driving rod, the connecting rod is fitted in the guide hole, the clamping block is connected with the connecting rod, and the clamping block is slidably connected with the guide plate
  • the buckle is used to cooperate with the clamping block.
  • the fifth power device includes: a second motor, a gear and a rack, the rack is mounted on the battery receiving seat, the second motor is fixed on the bottom plate, and the gear is fixed on On the output shaft of the second motor, the gear and the rack are matched.
  • the edge of the battery receiving seat is provided with rollers, the rollers are provided in multiple, and the plurality of rollers are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grabbing mechanism; both sides of the front end of the battery receiving seat A positioning rod is provided.
  • the vehicle positioning device includes: an inclined platform, a placement platform, a front wheel positioning assembly, a guide rod and a rear wheel positioning assembly, the rear wheel positioning assembly, the guide rod, and the front wheel positioning assembly are along the The placement platforms are arranged in sequence; the guide rods are provided with two, and the two guide rods are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the front wheel positioning assembly and the rear wheel positioning assembly both include a wheel pushing assembly and a roller assembly, and the roller The assembly is provided with two groups. The two sets of roller assemblies are located on both sides of the wheel pushing assembly, and the two sets of roller assemblies are located on both sides of the guide rod, wherein the roller assembly in the front wheel positioning assembly The rollers in the combination form a positioning groove.
  • the wheel pushing assembly includes a driving assembly and a pushing block
  • the pushing blocks are provided with two
  • the two pushing blocks slide toward the roller assembly under the action of the driving assembly.
  • the drive assembly includes a third motor, a fixed plate, a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly
  • the first transmission assembly is provided with two groups
  • the first transmission assembly includes a rotating shaft, a screw rod and a screw rod Nut
  • the rotating shaft and the screw rod are rotatably mounted on the fixing plate
  • the rotating shaft and the screw rod are connected
  • the screw nut is fitted on the screw rod
  • the push block is fixed on the On the screw nut, the push block and the fixed plate are slidably connected
  • the second transmission assembly is connected between the third motor and the rotating shaft
  • the third motor is driven by the second transmission assembly The rotation of the shaft.
  • the second transmission component includes a transmission wheel, a transmission belt and a transmission shaft
  • the transmission shaft is fixed on the rotating shafts in the two sets of the first transmission components
  • the transmission wheels are provided with two
  • two The transmission wheels are respectively fixed on the drive shaft and the rotating shaft of the motor
  • the transmission belt is fitted on the two transmission wheels.
  • the roller assembly includes a roller, the roller is rotatably connected with the placing table, and the top of the roller is located on the surface of the placing table, the rollers are provided with multiple, and the multiple rollers are at least Arranged in a row, and the rollers in each row are arranged in parallel; in the roller assembly of the front wheel positioning assembly, a plurality of the rollers are arranged in two rows, and the rollers in the first row and the rollers in the second row are arranged in two rows. The ends of the rollers close to each other are inclined downward, and the two rows of the rollers are arranged in a V shape.
  • the car positioning device further includes a support mechanism, the support mechanism is provided with two groups, the two groups of the support mechanism are located between the two guide rods, the support mechanism includes a lifting assembly and a support plate, so The lifting assembly is connected with the supporting plate to drive the lifting of the supporting plate.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that after the electric vehicle is positioned by the vehicle positioning device, one of the battery receiving seats slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power device, and then the battery gripping mechanism approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the fifth power device. And grab the battery.
  • the fifth power unit prompts the battery grab mechanism to drag the battery to the battery receiving seat, and the battery receiving seat returns to its original position, so that the empty battery is removed; and the battery is installed on the rotating seat.
  • the battery receiving seat and the battery grabbing mechanism at the other end also use the same procedure to remove the full battery from the battery holder; then the rotating seat rotates so that the positions of the two battery receiving seats are interchanged, and the battery receiving seat with the full battery is placed Close to the electric vehicle, then the battery gripping mechanism pushes the full battery into the electric vehicle under the action of the fifth power unit, and the battery receiving seat with the empty battery is placed close to the battery placement rack, and then the battery gripping mechanism is in the fifth power unit. Under the action of the power device, the empty battery is pushed into the battery storage rack; in this way, the battery replacement of the electric vehicle is completed, replacing labor, and the efficiency is high.
  • the sliding seat drives the rotating seat to slide horizontally, while the lifting seat drives the rotating seat to lift. In this way, you can easily remove the full battery from any position on the battery rack, or place the empty battery in the battery rack. Any position on the
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electric vehicle switching station according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural diagram 1 of an embodiment of the electric vehicle switching station according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a second partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the electric vehicle switching station according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a third partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the electric vehicle switching station according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram four of the embodiment of the electric vehicle switching station according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial structural diagram 5 of the embodiment of the electric vehicle switching station of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery receiving seat and the battery grasping mechanism in the embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the battery grabbing mechanism
  • Figure 9 is a second structural diagram of the battery grabbing mechanism
  • Figure 10 is a large enlarged view of A in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery grabbing mechanism
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 11;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery grabbing mechanism and a fifth power device
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buckle and the battery in the embodiment.
  • Figure 16 is a first structural diagram of the car positioning device in the embodiment.
  • Figure 17 is a second structural diagram of the car positioning device in the embodiment.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the wheel pushing assembly in the embodiment.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural view of the supporting mechanism in the embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller assembly in the embodiment.
  • Car positioning device 11 inclined platform; 12, placement platform; 13, front wheel positioning assembly; 14, guide rod; 15, rear wheel positioning assembly; 131, wheel pushing assembly; 1311, push block; 1312, third motor 1313, fixed plate; 1314, rotating shaft; 1315, screw rod; 1316, screw nut; 1317, transmission wheel; 1318, transmission belt; 1319, transmission shaft; 132, roller assembly; 16, support mechanism; 161, lifting assembly; 162. Support plate;
  • An electric vehicle swap station including:
  • the battery swapping device 2 is located on one side of the car positioning device 1, and the battery swapping device 2 includes:
  • the first power device is used to drive the lifting seat 22 to lift
  • the sliding seat 23 is slidably mounted on the lifting seat 22;
  • the second power device is used to drive the sliding of the sliding seat 23;
  • the third power device is used to drive the rotation of the rotating seat 24;
  • the fourth power device is used to drive the sliding of the battery receiving seat 25;
  • a battery grasping mechanism 26, the battery grasping mechanism 26 is provided with two, the two battery grasping mechanisms 26 are respectively slidably mounted on the two battery receiving seats 25;
  • the fifth power device is used to drive the battery grabbing mechanism 26 to slide;
  • the battery storage rack 27 is located on one side of the support 21.
  • the battery receiving seats 25 slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power device, and then the battery gripping mechanism 26 approaches under the action of the fifth power device.
  • the battery 3 and grab the battery 3 the fifth power device prompts the battery grab mechanism 26 to drag the battery 3 to the battery receiving seat 25, and the battery receiving seat 25 returns to the original position, so that the empty battery 3 is removed ;
  • the battery receiving seat 25 and the battery grabbing mechanism 26 installed at the other end of the rotating seat 24 also use the same steps to remove the full battery 3 from the battery holder 27; then the rotating seat 24 rotates to make the two battery receiving seats
  • the positions of 25 are interchanged, and the battery receiving seat 25 with the full battery 3 is close to the electric vehicle, and then the battery gripping mechanism 26 pushes the full battery 3 into the electric vehicle under the action of the fifth power device, and the empty battery is placed
  • the battery receiving seat 25 of 3 is close to the battery placing rack 27, and then the battery gripping mechanism 26 pushes the empty battery 3 into
  • the sliding seat 23 drives the rotating seat 24 to slide laterally, and the lifting seat 22 drives the rotating seat 24 to rise and fall.
  • the full battery 3 can be easily removed from any position on the battery rack 27, or the empty state The battery 3 is placed at any position on the battery placement rack 27.
  • the battery grabbing mechanism 26 includes a bottom plate 261, a first motor 262, a driving block 263, a driving rod 264, a connecting rod 265, a guide plate 266, a clamping block 267 and a buckle 268, and the bottom plate 261 is connected to the
  • the battery receiving seat 25 is slidably connected, the first motor 262 is mounted on the bottom plate 261, the guide plate 266 is fixed on the bottom plate 261, and two ends of the guide plate 266 are provided with guide holes 2661;
  • the driving block 263 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 262; there are two driving rods 264, one end of the driving rod 264 is rotatably connected with the driving block 263, and the driving rod 264 is connected to
  • the connecting part of the driving block 263 is spaced from the output shaft of the first motor 262, the connecting rod 265 is rotatably connected with the other end of the driving rod 264, and the connecting rod 265 is fitted in the guide hole 2661.
  • the clamping block 267 is connected with the connecting rod 265, and the clamping block 267 is slidably connected with the guide plate 266; the clamping buckle 268 is used to cooperate with the clamping block 267.
  • a guide sleeve 2662 is provided on the guide plate 266, and the blocking block 267 is slidingly engaged with the guide sleeve 2662.
  • a guide rail 31 is provided on the battery receiving seat 25, and the bottom plate 261 is slidably connected to the guide rail 31.
  • the buckle 268 is installed on the battery 3.
  • the battery receiving seat 25 is slid close to the battery 3 on the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power unit, and then the battery grasping mechanism 26 is in the first position. Under the action of the five-power device, it slides along the battery receiving seat 25.
  • the first motor 262 drives the driving block 263 to rotate, the driving rod 264 rotates, and the rotation of the driving rod 264 drives the connecting rod 265 to guide Sliding occurs in the hole 2661.
  • the sliding of the connecting rod 265 drives the sliding of the clip 267, and the clip 267 is inserted into the buckle 268.
  • the fifth power unit drives the battery grabbing mechanism 26 to return to its original position and drags the battery 3 from the electric vehicle.
  • the grabbing of the battery 3 is completed, and the fifth power device can also prompt the battery grabbing mechanism 26 to push the battery 3 into the battery placement rack 27 or the electric vehicle.
  • the fifth power device includes: a second motor 28, a gear 29, and a rack 30.
  • the rack 30 is mounted on the battery receiving seat 25, and the second motor 28 is fixed on the bottom plate 261.
  • the gear 29 is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor 28, and the gear 29 is matched with the rack 30.
  • the second motor 28 drives the gear 29 to rotate.
  • the gear 29 slides along the rack 30, thereby driving the sliding of the second motor 28, and the second motor 28 driving the sliding of the bottom plate 261.
  • a roller 251 is provided on the edge of the battery receiving seat 25, the roller 251 is provided with multiple, and the multiple rollers 251 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grabbing mechanism 26; the battery receiving Positioning rods 252 are provided on both sides of the front end of the seat 25.
  • the battery 3 slides on the roller 251, and the friction between the battery 3 and the roller 251 is small, so the sliding is smoother.
  • a positioning hole is provided on the car or battery placing rack 27, and the positioning rod 252 is inserted into the positioning hole, thereby realizing the positioning between the battery receiving seat 25 and the car or battery placing rack 27, and the battery grasping mechanism 26 can be more accurate Grab the battery 3.
  • the automobile positioning device 1 includes: an inclined platform 11, a placement platform 12, a front wheel positioning assembly 13, a guide rod 14 and a rear wheel positioning assembly 15.
  • the front wheel positioning assembly 13 is arranged in sequence along the placing table 12; the guide rod 14 is provided with two, and the two guide rods 14 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the front wheel positioning assembly 13 and the
  • the rear wheel positioning assembly 15 includes a wheel pushing assembly 131 and a roller assembly 132.
  • the roller assembly 132 is provided with two sets.
  • the two sets of roller assemblies 132 are located on both sides of the wheel pushing assembly 131, and the two sets of rollers
  • the components 132 are located on both sides of the guide rod 14, wherein the rollers in the roller assembly 132 of the front wheel positioning assembly 13 are combined to form a positioning groove.
  • the vehicle runs along the guide bar 14. Since the rollers in the roller assembly 132 of the front wheel alignment assembly 13 form a positioning groove, after the current wheel position enters the positioning groove, it is easy for the driver to perceive that the car stops moving forward.
  • the front wheel is located in the positioning groove, thereby positioning the front and rear orientation of the car.
  • the rear wheel is located in the roller assembly 132 in the rear wheel positioning assembly 15, and then the wheel pushing assembly 131 pushes the front wheel and the rear wheel in The roller assembly 132 slides upward, causing the car to slide sideways, thereby positioning the two sides of the car. In this way, the front, rear, left, and right positioning of the car can be conveniently completed, and the positioning is more accurate.
  • the wheel pushing assembly 131 includes a driving assembly and a pushing block 1311, the pushing blocks 1311 are provided with two, and the two pushing blocks 1311 slide toward the roller assembly 132 under the action of the driving assembly. .
  • the driving assembly pushes the push block 1311 to slide toward the roller assembly 132, so that the wheel slides on the roller assembly 132, and the positioning is finally completed.
  • the drive assembly includes a third motor 1312, a fixed plate 1313, a first transmission assembly, and a second transmission assembly.
  • the first transmission assembly is provided with two groups, and the first transmission assembly includes a rotating shaft 1314 and a screw rod. 1315 and a screw nut 1316, the rotating shaft 1314 and the screw 1315 are rotatably mounted on the fixing plate 1313, the rotating shaft 1314 and the screw 1315 are connected, and the screw nut 1316 is fitted to the screw On the rod 1315, the push block 1311 is fixed on the screw nut 1316, the push block 1311 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 1313, and the second transmission assembly is connected to the third motor 1312 and the Between the rotating shafts 1314, the third motor 1312 drives the rotating shaft 1314 to rotate through the second transmission assembly.
  • the third motor 1312 drives the shaft 1314 to rotate through the second transmission assembly, the rotation of the shaft 1314 drives the rotation of the screw rod 1315, the rotation of the screw rod 1315 drives the sliding of the screw nut 1316, and the sliding of the screw nut 1316 drives the push Sliding of block 1311.
  • the second transmission assembly includes a transmission wheel 1317, a transmission belt 1318, and a transmission shaft 1319.
  • the transmission shaft 1319 is fixed on the rotating shaft 1314 in the two sets of the first transmission assembly, and the transmission wheel 1317 is arranged
  • There are two, two transmission wheels 1317 are respectively fixed on the drive shaft of the third motor 1312 and the rotation shaft 1314, and the transmission belt 1318 is fitted on the two transmission wheels 1317.
  • the third motor 1312 drives the rotation of the transmission wheel 1317 installed on the output shaft of the third motor 1312, the rotation of the transmission wheel 1317 drives the transmission of the transmission belt 1318, and then drives the rotation of the transmission wheel 1317 on the shaft 1314, thereby Drive the rotation of the shaft 1314.
  • the roller assembly 132 includes a roller, the roller is rotatably connected with the placing table 12, and the top of the roller is located on the surface of the placing table 12, the roller is provided with a plurality of The rollers are arranged in at least one row, and the rollers in each row are arranged in parallel; in the roller assembly 132 of the front wheel positioning assembly 13, a plurality of the rollers are arranged in two rows, and the rollers in the first row The ends close to each other between the rollers in the second row are inclined downward, and the rollers in the two rows are arranged in a V shape.
  • the roller in the roller assembly 132 forms a positioning groove. When the wheel is located in the positioning groove, the wheel will not roll freely under the action of external force.
  • the automobile positioning device 1 further includes a supporting mechanism 16, and the supporting mechanism 16 is provided with two groups.
  • the two groups of supporting mechanisms 16 are located between the two guide rods 14, and the supporting mechanism 16 includes lifting
  • the assembly 161 and the support plate 162 are connected to the support plate 162 for driving the support plate 162 to lift.
  • the lifting assembly 161 promotes the support plate 162 to rise to support the bottom of the car, thereby fixing the car and avoiding the random movement of the car from affecting the positioning accuracy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动汽车换电站，包括：汽车定位装置（1）、电池换电装置（2）。电池换电装置（2）包括：支架（21）；升降座（22），升降座（22）竖直滑动安装在支架（21）上；第一动力装置，驱动升降座（22）的升降；滑动座（23），滑动座（23）滑动安装在升降座（22）上；第二动力装置，驱动滑动座（23）的滑动；旋转座（24），旋转座（24）旋转安装在滑动座（23）上；第三动力装置，驱动旋转座（24）的转动；电池接收座（25），电池接收座（25）设置有两个，两个电池接收座（25）滑动安装在旋转座（24）的两端；第四动力装置，驱动电池接收座（25）的滑动；电池抓取机构（26），电池抓取机构（26）滑动安装在两个电池接收座（25）上；第五动力装置，驱动电池抓取机构（26）滑动；电池放置架（27）。能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。

Description

一种电动汽车换电站 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动汽车换电站。
背景技术
在对汽车进行自动更换电池的过程中，通常需要先对汽车进行定位。在定位过程中，通常涉及汽车的导向，即调整汽车的驾驶方向。现有技术中，通常在地面上做一些导向标记，驾驶者通过观察导向标记来调整汽车的驾驶方向，但是这种方式存在的问题在于，由于是基于人眼的观察，因此难免会出现误差，使得汽车的驾驶方向不够准确，影响后续的定位，进而导致电池的更换工作无法正常进行，同时，为了获得更加准确的导向，驾驶人员需要反复调整，反复尝试，较为不便。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种电动汽车换电站，能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种电动汽车换电站，包括：汽车定位装置；电池换电装置，所述电池换电装置位于所述汽车定位装置的一侧，所述电池换电装置包括：支架；升降座，所述升降座竖直滑动安装在所述支架上；第一动力装置，用于驱动所述升降座的升降；滑动座，所述滑动座滑动安装在所述升降座上；第二动力装置，用于驱动所述滑动座的滑动；旋转座，所述旋转座旋转安装在所述滑动座上；第三动力装置，用于驱动所述旋转座的转动；电池接收座，所述电池接收座设置有两个，两个所述电池接收座滑动安装在所述旋转座的两端；第四动力装置，用于驱动所述电池接收座的滑动；电池抓取机构，所述电池抓取机构设置有两个，两个所述电池抓取机构分别滑动安装在两个所述电池接收座上；第五动力装置，用于驱动所述电池抓取机构滑动；电池放置架，所述电池放置架位于所述支架的一侧。
优选的：所述电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，所述底板与所述电池接收座滑动连接，所述第一电机安装在所述底板上，所述导向板固定在所述底板上，所述导向板的两端设置有导向孔；所述驱动块固定在所述第一电机的输出轴上；所述驱动杆设置有两个，所述驱动杆的一端与所述驱动块转动连接，且所述驱动杆与所述驱动块的连接部位与所述第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，所述连杆与所述驱动杆 的另一端转动连接，所述连杆配合在所述导向孔内，所述卡块与所述连杆连接，且所述卡块与所述导向板滑动连接；所述卡扣用于和所述卡块配合。
优选的：所述第五动力装置包括：第二电机、齿轮和齿条，所述齿条安装在所述电池接收座上，所述第二电机固定在所述底板上，所述齿轮固定在所述第二电机的输出轴上，所述齿轮和所述齿条配合。
优选的：所述电池接收座的边缘设置有滚轮，所述滚轮设置有多个，多个所述滚轮沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置；所述电池接收座的前端两侧设置有定位杆。
优选的：所述汽车定位装置包括：斜台、放置台、前轮定位组件、导向杆和后轮定位组件，所述后轮定位组件、所述导向杆、所述前轮定位组件沿着所述放置台依次设置；所述导向杆设置有两个，两个所述导向杆平行间隔设置；所述前轮定位组件和所述后轮定位组件均包括车轮推动组件和滚筒组件，所述滚筒组件设置有两组，两组所述滚筒组件位于所述车轮推动组件的两侧，且两组所述滚筒组件位于所述导向杆的两侧，其中，所述前轮定位组件中的滚筒组件中的滚筒组合形成定位槽。
优选的：所述车轮推动组件包括驱动组件和推块，所述推块设置有两个，两个所述推块在所述驱动组件的作用下朝着所述滚筒组件滑动。
优选的：所述驱动组件包括第三电机、固定板、第一传动组件和第二传动组件，所述第一传动组件设置有两组，所述第一传动组件包括转轴、丝杆和丝杆螺母，所述转轴和所述丝杆转动安装在所述固定板上，所述转轴和所述丝杆连接，所述丝杆螺母配合在所述丝杆上，所述推块固定在所述丝杆螺母上，所述推块和所述固定板滑动连接，所述第二传动组件连接在所述第三电机和所述转轴之间，所述第三电机通过所述第二传动组件驱动所述转轴的转动。
优选的：所述第二传动组件包括传动轮、传动带和传动轴，所述传动轴固定在两组所述第一传动组件中的所述转轴上，所述传动轮设置有两个，两个所述传动轮分别固定在所述电机的驱动轴和所述转轴上，所述传动带配合在两个所述传动轮上。
优选的：所述滚筒组件包括包括滚筒，所述滚筒与所述放置台转动连接，且所述滚筒的顶部位于所述放置台的表面，所述滚筒设置有多个，多个所述滚筒至少呈一排布置，且每排中的滚筒之间平行设置；所述前轮定位组件的所述滚筒组件中，多个所述滚筒呈两排布置，且第一排的滚筒和第二排的滚筒之间相互靠近的一端均向下倾斜，两排所述滚筒呈V型布置。
优选的：所述汽车定位装置还包括支撑机构，所述支撑机构设置有两组，两组所述支撑机构位于两个所述导向杆之间，所述支撑机构包括升降组件和支撑板，所述升降组件与所述支撑板连接用于驱动所述支撑板的升降。
本发明的有益效果是：将电动汽车经过汽车定位装置定位后，其中一个电池接收座在第四动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池，并将电池抓取，第五动力装置促使电池抓取机构将电池拖至电池接收座上，电池接收座再回复原位，这样便将空态电池取下了；而安装在旋转座的另一端的电池接收座和电池抓取机构也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架上取下满电池；接着旋转座旋转，使得两个电池接收座的位置互换，放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池的电池接收座则靠近电池放置架，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下将空态电池推入电池放置架上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座带动旋转座横向滑动，而升降座则带动旋转座升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架上的任何一个位置取下满电池，或者将空态电池放置在电池放置架上的任何一个位置。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的局部结构示意图一；
图3为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的局部结构示意图二；
图4为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的局部结构示意图三；
图5为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的局部结构示意图四；
图6为本发明所述电动汽车换电站的实施例的局部结构示意图五；
图7为实施例中的电池接收座和电池抓取机构的结构示意图；
图8为电池抓取机构的结构示意图一；
图9为电池抓取机构的结构示意图二；
图10为图9中A处大放大图；
图11为电池抓取机构的局部结构示意图；
图12为图11中B处的放大图；
图13为图11中C处的放大图；
图14为电池抓取机构和第五动力装置的结构示意图；
图15为实施例中的卡扣和电池的结构示意图；
图16为实施例中的汽车定位装置的结构示意图一；
图17为实施例中的汽车定位装置的结构示意图二；
图18为实施例中的车轮推动组件的结构示意图；
图19实施例中的支撑机构的结构示意图；
图20为实施例中的滚筒组件的结构示意图。
其中：
1、汽车定位装置；11斜台；12、放置台；13、前轮定位组件；14、导向杆；15、后轮定位组件；131、车轮推动组件；1311、推块；1312、第三电机；1313、固定板；1314、转轴；1315、丝杆；1316、丝杆螺母；1317、传动轮；1318、传动带；1319、传动轴；132、滚筒组件；16、支撑机构；161、升降组件；162、支撑板；
2、电池换电装置；21、支架；22、升降座；23、滑动座；24、旋转座；25、电池接收座；251、滚轮；252、定位杆；26、电池抓取机构；261、底板；262、第一电机；263、驱动块；264、驱动杆；265、连杆；266、导向板；2661、导向孔；2662、导向套；267、卡块；268、卡扣；27、电池放置架；28、第二电机；29、齿轮；30、齿条；31、导轨；
3、电池。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位和位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1至图20所示，
实施例一：
一种电动汽车换电站，包括：
汽车定位装置1；
电池换电装置2，所述电池换电装置2位于所述汽车定位装置1的一侧，所述电池换电装置2包括：
支架21；
升降座22，所述升降座22竖直滑动安装在所述支架21上；
第一动力装置，用于驱动所述升降座22的升降；
滑动座23，所述滑动座23滑动安装在所述升降座22上；
第二动力装置，用于驱动所述滑动座23的滑动；
旋转座24，所述旋转座24旋转安装在所述滑动座23上；
第三动力装置，用于驱动所述旋转座24的转动；
电池接收座25，所述电池接收座25设置有两个，两个所述电池接收座25滑动安装在所述旋转座24的两端；
第四动力装置，用于驱动所述电池接收座25的滑动；
电池抓取机构26，所述电池抓取机构26设置有两个，两个所述电池抓取机构26分别滑动安装在两个所述电池接收座25上；
第五动力装置，用于驱动所述电池抓取机构26滑动；
电池放置架27，所述电池放置架27位于所述支架21的一侧。
这样一来，将电动汽车经过汽车定位装置1定位后，其中一个电池接收座25在第四动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构26在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池3，并将电池3抓取，第五动力装置促使电池抓取机构26将电池3拖至电池接收座25上，电池接收座25再回复原位，这样便将空态电池3取下了；而安装在旋转座24的另一端的电池接收座25和电池抓取机构26也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架27上取下满电池3；接着旋转座24旋转，使得两个电池接收座25的位置互换，放置有满电池3的电池接收座25靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构26在第五动力装置的作用下将满电池3推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池3的电池接收座25则靠近电池放置架27，接着电池抓取机构26在第五动力装置的作用下将空态电池3推入电池放置架27上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座23带动旋转座24横向滑动，而升降座22则带动旋转座24升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架27上的任何一个位置取下满电池3，或者将空态电池3放置在电池放置架27上的任何一个位置。
另外的，所述电池抓取机构26包括：底板261、第一电机262、驱动块263、驱动杆264、连杆265、导向板266、卡块267和卡扣268，所述底板261与所述电池接收座25滑动连接，所述第一电机262安装在所述底板261上，所述导向板266固定在所述底板261上，所述导向板266的两端设置有导向孔2661；所述驱动块263固定在所述第一电机262的输出轴上；所述驱动杆264设置有两个，所述驱动杆264的一端与所述驱动块263转动连接，且所述驱动杆264与所述驱动块263的连接部位与所述第一电机262的输出轴间隔设置，所述连杆265与所述驱动杆264的另一端转动连接，所述连杆265配合在所述导向孔2661内，所述卡块 267与所述连杆265连接，且所述卡块267与所述导向板266滑动连接；所述卡扣268用于和所述卡块267配合。具体来说，导向板266上设置有导向套2662，卡块267与导向套2662滑动配合。具体来说，电池接收座25上设置有导轨31，底板261与导轨31滑动连接。
这样一来，将卡扣268安装在电池3上，当抓取电池3时，电池接收座25在第四动力装置的作用下滑动靠近电动汽车上的电池3，接着电池抓取机构26在第五动力装置的作用下沿着电池接收座25滑动，当卡块267靠近电池3时，第一电机262驱动驱动块263转动，驱动杆264发生转动，驱动杆264的转动带动连杆265在导向孔2661内发生滑动，连杆265的滑动带动卡块267的滑动，卡块267***卡扣268内，接着第五动力装置带动电池抓取机构26回复原位，将电池3从电动汽车内拖出至电池接收座25上，从而便完成了电池3的抓取，而第五动力装置也可以促使电池抓取机构26将电池3推入电池放置架27或电动汽车内。
另外的，所述第五动力装置包括：第二电机28、齿轮29和齿条30，所述齿条30安装在所述电池接收座25上，所述第二电机28固定在所述底板261上，所述齿轮29固定在所述第二电机28的输出轴上，所述齿轮29和所述齿条30配合。
这样一来，第二电机28促使齿轮29转动，由于齿轮29与齿条30配合，齿轮29沿着齿条30滑动，从而带动第二电机28的滑动，第二电机28带动底板261的滑动。
另外的，所述电池接收座25的边缘设置有滚轮251，所述滚轮251设置有多个，多个所述滚轮251沿着所述电池抓取机构26的滑动方向间隔设置；所述电池接收座25的前端两侧设置有定位杆252。
这样一来，电池3在滚轮251上滑动，电池3与滚轮251之间的摩擦较小，因此滑动较为顺畅。同时，在汽车或者电池放置架27上设置定位孔，定位杆252***定位孔内，从而实现了电池接收座25与汽车或者电池放置架27之间的定位，电池抓取机构26能更加准确地抓取电池3。
实施例二：
在该实施例中，所述汽车定位装置1包括：斜台11、放置台12、前轮定位组件13、导向杆14和后轮定位组件15，所述后轮定位组件15、所述导向杆14、所述前轮定位组件13沿着所述放置台12依次设置；所述导向杆14设置有两个，两个所述导向杆14平行间隔设置；所述前轮定位组件13和所述后轮定位组件15均包括车轮推动组件131和滚筒组件132，所述滚筒组件132设置有两组，两组所述滚筒组件132位于所述车轮推动组件131的两侧，且两组所述滚筒组件132位于所述导向杆14的两侧，其中，所述前轮定位组件13中的滚筒组件132中的滚筒组合形成定位槽。
这样一来，车辆沿着导向杆14行驶，由于前轮定位组件13中的滚筒组件132中的滚筒组合形成定位槽，当前轮位驶入定位槽内后，驾驶员容易感知，汽车停止前进，使得前轮位于该定位槽内，从而对汽车的前后方位进行了定位，此时，后轮位于后轮定位组件15中的滚筒组件132内，接着，车轮推动组件131推动前轮和后轮在滚筒组件132上滑动，使得汽车发生侧向的滑动，从而对汽车的两侧方位进行了定位，这样一来，便方便地完成了汽车前后左右的定位，且定位较为准确。
另外的，所述车轮推动组件131包括驱动组件和推块1311，所述推块1311设置有两个，两个所述推块1311在所述驱动组件的作用下朝着所述滚筒组件132滑动。
这样一来，驱动组件推动推块1311朝着滚筒组件132滑动，从而使得车轮在滚筒组件132上发生滑动，并最终完成定位。
另外的，所述驱动组件包括第三电机1312、固定板1313、第一传动组件和第二传动组件，所述第一传动组件设置有两组，所述第一传动组件包括转轴1314、丝杆1315和丝杆螺母1316，所述转轴1314和所述丝杆1315转动安装在所述固定板1313上，所述转轴1314和所述丝杆1315连接，所述丝杆螺母1316配合在所述丝杆1315上，所述推块1311固定在所述丝杆螺母1316上，所述推块1311和所述固定板1313滑动连接，所述第二传动组件连接在所述第三电机1312和所述转轴1314之间，所述第三电机1312通过所述第二传动组件驱动所述转轴1314的转动。
这样一来，第三电机1312通过第二传动组件带动转轴1314转动，转轴1314的转动带动丝杆1315的转动，丝杆1315的转动带动丝杆螺母1316的滑动，丝杆螺母1316的滑动带动推块1311的滑动。
另外的，所述第二传动组件包括传动轮1317、传动带1318和传动轴1319，所述传动轴1319固定在两组所述第一传动组件中的所述转轴1314上，所述传动轮1317设置有两个，两个所述传动轮1317分别固定在所述第三电机1312的驱动轴和所述转轴1314上，所述传动带1318配合在两个所述传动轮1317上。
这样一来，第三电机1312带动安装在第三电机1312的输出轴上的传动轮1317的转动，传动轮1317的转动带动传动带1318的传动，再带动转轴1314上的传动轮1317的转动，从而带动转轴1314的转动。
另外的，所述滚筒组件132包括包括滚筒，所述滚筒与所述放置台12转动连接，且所述滚筒的顶部位于所述放置台12的表面，所述滚筒设置有多个，多个所述滚筒至少呈一排布置，且每排中的滚筒之间平行设置；所述前轮定位组件13的所述滚筒组件132中，多个所述滚筒 呈两排布置，且第一排的滚筒和第二排的滚筒之间相互靠近的一端均向下倾斜，两排所述滚筒呈V型布置。
这样一来，车轮位于滚筒上时，随着滚筒的滚动，车轮将轻易地滑动。同时，滚筒组件132中的滚筒便形成了定位槽，当车轮位于定位槽内时，车轮在不受外力的作用下将不会随意滚动。
另外的，所述汽车定位装置1还包括支撑机构16，所述支撑机构16设置有两组，两组所述支撑机构16位于两个所述导向杆14之间，所述支撑机构16包括升降组件161和支撑板162，所述升降组件161与所述支撑板162连接用于驱动所述支撑板162的升降。
这样一来，升降组件161促使支撑板162上升支撑在汽车的底部，从而对汽车进行了固定，避免汽车随意的移动影响定位的精度。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电动汽车换电站，其特征在于，包括：
    汽车定位装置；
    电池换电装置，所述电池换电装置位于所述汽车定位装置的一侧，所述电池换电装置包括：
    支架；
    升降座，所述升降座竖直滑动安装在所述支架上；
    第一动力装置，用于驱动所述升降座的升降；
    滑动座，所述滑动座滑动安装在所述升降座上；
    第二动力装置，用于驱动所述滑动座的滑动；
    旋转座，所述旋转座旋转安装在所述滑动座上；
    第三动力装置，用于驱动所述旋转座的转动；
    电池接收座，所述电池接收座设置有两个，两个所述电池接收座滑动安装在所述旋转座的两端；
    第四动力装置，用于驱动所述电池接收座的滑动；
    电池抓取机构，所述电池抓取机构设置有两个，两个所述电池抓取机构分别滑动安装在两个所述电池接收座上；
    第五动力装置，用于驱动所述电池抓取机构滑动；
    电池放置架，所述电池放置架位于所述支架的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，所述底板与所述电池接收座滑动连接，所述第一电机安装在所述底板上，所述导向板固定在所述底板上，所述导向板的两端设置有导向孔；所述驱动块固定在所述第一电机的输出轴上；所述驱动杆设置有两个，所述驱动杆的一端与所述驱动块转动连接，且所述驱动杆与所述驱动块的连接部位与所述第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，所述连杆与所述驱动杆的另一端转动连接，所述连杆配合在所述导向孔内，所述卡块与所述连杆连接，且所述卡块与所述导向板滑动连接；所述卡扣用于和所述卡块配合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述第五动力装置包括：第二电机、齿轮和齿条，所述齿条安装在所述电池接收座上，所述第二电机固定在所述底板上，所述齿轮固定在所述第二电机的输出轴上，所述齿轮和所述齿条配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述电池接收座的边缘设置有滚轮，所述滚轮设置有多个，多个所述滚轮沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置；所述电池接收座的前端两侧设置有定位杆。
  5. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述汽车定位装置包括：斜台、放置台、前轮定位组件、导向杆和后轮定位组件，所述后轮定位组件、所述导向杆、所述前轮定位组件沿着所述放置台依次设置；所述导向杆设置有两个，两个所述导向杆平行间隔设置；所述前轮定位组件和所述后轮定位组件均包括车轮推动组件和滚筒组件，所述滚筒组件设置有两组，两组所述滚筒组件位于所述车轮推动组件的两侧，且两组所述滚筒组件位于所述导向杆的两侧，其中，所述前轮定位组件中的滚筒组件中的滚筒组合形成定位槽。
  6. 根据权利要求7所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述车轮推动组件包括驱动组件和推块，所述推块设置有两个，两个所述推块在所述驱动组件的作用下朝着所述滚筒组件滑动。
  7. 根据权利要求7所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述驱动组件包括第三电机、固定板、第一传动组件和第二传动组件，所述第一传动组件设置有两组，所述第一传动组件包括转轴、丝杆和丝杆螺母，所述转轴和所述丝杆转动安装在所述固定板上，所述转轴和所述丝杆连接，所述丝杆螺母配合在所述丝杆上，所述推块固定在所述丝杆螺母上，所述推块和所述固定板滑动连接，所述第二传动组件连接在所述第三电机和所述转轴之间，所述第三电机通过所述第二传动组件驱动所述转轴的转动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述滚筒组件包括包括滚筒，所述滚筒与所述放置台转动连接，且所述滚筒的顶部位于所述放置台的表面，所述滚筒设置有多个，多个所述滚筒至少呈一排布置，且每排中的滚筒之间平行设置；所述前轮定位组件的所述滚筒组件中，多个所述滚筒呈两排布置，且第一排的滚筒和第二排的滚筒之间相互靠近的一端均向下倾斜，两排所述滚筒呈V型布置。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述第二传动组件包括传动轮、传动带和传动轴，所述传动轴固定在两组所述第一传动组件中的所述转轴上，所述传动轮设置有两个，两个所述传动轮分别固定在所述电机的驱动轴和所述转轴上，所述传动带配合在两个所述传动轮上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电动汽车换电站，其特征在于：所述汽车定位装置还包括支撑机构，所述支撑机构设置有两组，两组所述支撑机构位于两个所述导向杆之间，所述支撑机构包括升降组件和支撑板，所述升降组件与所述支撑板连接用于驱动所述支撑板的升降。
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