WO2020253195A1 - 直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机 - Google Patents
直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020253195A1 WO2020253195A1 PCT/CN2019/128073 CN2019128073W WO2020253195A1 WO 2020253195 A1 WO2020253195 A1 WO 2020253195A1 CN 2019128073 W CN2019128073 W CN 2019128073W WO 2020253195 A1 WO2020253195 A1 WO 2020253195A1
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- axis
- squirrel cage
- direct
- synchronous reluctance
- slot
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
- H02K19/14—Synchronous motors having additional short-circuited windings for starting as asynchronous motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/26—Rotor cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/265—Shape, form or location of the slots
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
- H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- This application relates to the technical field of compressor equipment, and in particular, to a rotor structure of a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor, a motor and a compressor.
- This application claims the priority of the patent application filed to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on June 19, 2019 with the application number 201910533726.4 and the invention title "Direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure, motor and compressor”.
- Asynchronous start synchronous reluctance motor combines the structural characteristics of induction motor and reluctance motor.
- the start is realized by the squirrel cage induction to generate torque, and the reluctance torque is generated by the rotor inductance gap to realize constant speed operation. It can be directly connected to the power supply to realize starting operation.
- asynchronous start synchronous reluctance motor has no rare earth permanent magnet material, no demagnetization problem, low motor cost and good reliability.
- the patent with the patent publication number CN1255925C provides a cheap and easy-to-start synchronous induction motor and a manufacturing device and method for the synchronous induction motor.
- the rotor is provided with a d-axis in the direction in which the magnetic flux can easily flow and as At least a pair of slit portions of the two-pole magnetic pole protrusions with the q-axis in the direction in which the magnetic flux is difficult to flow is 90 degrees, and the multiple slit portions arranged on the outer peripheral side of the slit portion, between the slit portion and the slit portion
- the groove is filled with conductive material.
- the slit portions are formed in a linear shape, and the slit portions are arranged radially at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the slots are arranged radially at equal intervals, the direction of the magnetic flux between the slots is perpendicular to the rotor surface to flow radially, and the slots block the flow of magnetic flux in the d-axis direction, especially the closer the slot is to the q-axis, The d-axis magnetic flux obstruction is more obvious, and the q-axis magnetic flux flow is smoother, so the difference between the d-axis and q-axis magnetic flux is not obvious, the salient pole ratio is not large, and the motor output and efficiency are insufficient.
- the patent publication number is CN1726629A, which provides a direct start reluctance motor rotor, which reduces production time and cost.
- CN1255925C the slot obstructs the flow of magnetic flux in the d-axis direction, and the shape and position of the cast aluminum slot (slot) on the outer circumference of the rotor affects the flow of magnetic flux and affects the efficiency of the motor.
- the main purpose of this application is to provide a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure, motor and compressor to solve the problem of low motor efficiency in the prior art.
- a rotor structure of a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor which includes: a rotor core, a q-axis squirrel cage slot is provided near the outer edge of the rotor core, and a q-axis mouse
- a plurality of slit grooves are arranged between the cage groove and the shaft hole of the rotor iron core, and both ends of each slit groove are provided with a squirrel cage groove.
- the side wall of the squirrel cage groove on the side of the d axis and the d axis It is arranged with a first included angle, and the angle of the first included angle is gradually increased outward along the radial direction of the rotor core.
- a first reinforcing rib (11) is arranged between two adjacent q-axis squirrel cage slots, and the multiple q-axis squirrel cage slots are used to fill conductive and non-magnetic materials.
- a plurality of q-axis squirrel cage slots are symmetrically arranged with respect to the q-axis of the rotor core.
- the plurality of q-axis squirrel cage grooves includes: a first q-axis squirrel cage groove, a first end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove is arranged close to the q-axis, and a second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove is away from the q-axis And gradually close to the d-axis of the rotor core; the second q-axis squirrel cage slot, the first end of the second q-axis squirrel cage slot is set close to the q-axis and has a distance from the first end of the first q-axis squirrel cage slot Arranged so that a first reinforcing rib is formed between the first end of the second q-axis squirrel cage groove and the first end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove, and the second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove is away from the q-axis and It is gradually arranged close to the d axis of the rotor core, the q axis passes through the geometric
- the angle between the end of the second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage slot and the end of the second end of the second q-axis squirrel cage slot to the center of the shaft hole of the rotor core is ⁇ , where , ⁇ 0.25*180/p, p is the number of pole pairs of the motor rotor.
- first end of the squirrel cage groove is arranged adjacent to the slit groove, and the second end of the squirrel cage groove extends outward along the radial direction of the rotor core and is gradually arranged close to the d-axis of the rotor core.
- the q-axis squirrel cage slot and the squirrel cage slot are filled with conductive and non-magnetic materials, and the conductive and non-magnetic materials are aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- the material filled in the squirrel cage slot is short-circuited by conductive end rings located at both ends of the rotor core, and the material of the conductive end ring is the same as the material filled in the squirrel cage slot.
- the width of the magnetic channel formed between two adjacent slit grooves is gradually reduced in the direction away from the q-axis.
- the multiple squirrel cage slots are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the distances from the ends of the multiple squirrel cage slots to the outer edge of the rotor core are equal.
- the distances between the ends of the slit grooves and the squirrel cage grooves are all equal.
- each slot is provided with a second reinforcing rib, and the width of the first reinforcing rib is the same as the width of the second reinforcing rib.
- first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are located on the q axis.
- the first end of the squirrel cage groove is connected with the slit groove, and the second end of the squirrel cage groove extends outward along the radial direction of the rotor core and is gradually arranged close to the d-axis of the rotor core.
- a motor which includes a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure, and the direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure is the aforementioned direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure.
- a q-axis squirrel cage slot is provided at the q-axis on one magnetic pole of the rotor core, and the side wall of the squirrel cage slot on the side of the d-axis and the d-axis have a first angle.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a rotor structure of a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor according to the present application
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the rotor structure of a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor according to the present application
- Fig. 3 shows a comparison diagram of the output ratio of the motor according to the present application and the motor in the prior art.
- spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “above”, “above”, etc. can be used here to describe as shown in the figure. Shows the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation other than the orientation of the device described in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, then the device described as “above the other device or structure” or “above the other device or structure” will then be positioned as “below the other device or structure” or “on Under other devices or structures”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” can include both orientations “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated by 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the relative description of the space used here is explained accordingly.
- a rotor structure of a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor is provided.
- the rotor structure includes a rotor core 10.
- a q-axis squirrel cage slot is provided near the outer edge of the rotor core 10, and a plurality of slit slots 20 are provided between the q-axis squirrel cage slot and the shaft hole 14 of the rotor core 10, two of each slot 20 Both ends are provided with a squirrel cage groove 30, and the side wall of the squirrel cage groove 30 on the side of the d-axis is arranged at a first included angle with the d-axis.
- the angle of the first included angle is along the radial direction of the rotor core 10. Set up gradually outside. .
- a plurality of q-axis squirrel cage grooves are provided at the q-axis on one magnetic pole of the rotor core, and the side wall of the squirrel cage groove on the side of the d-axis and the d-axis have a first angle ⁇ Settings.
- Such a setting can realize starting by filling in conductive and non-magnetic materials to generate induction torque, and pulling in synchronization, and achieving synchronous and stable operation through the magnetic group torque generated by the magnetic barrier on the rotor core.
- This setting can increase the q-axis reluctance, reduce the q-axis inductance, increase the difference between the d-axis and q-axis magnetic flux, generate greater reluctance torque, and increase the motor output and efficiency.
- a first reinforcing rib (11) is arranged between two adjacent q-axis squirrel cage slots, and the multiple q-axis squirrel cage slots are used to fill conductive and non-magnetic materials.
- the plurality of q-axis squirrel cage grooves are arranged symmetrically with respect to the q-axis of the rotor core 10. This arrangement can further improve the stability and reliability of the rotor structure. Such a setting can realize starting by filling in conductive and non-magnetic materials to generate induction torque, and pulling in synchronization, and achieving synchronous and stable operation through the magnetic group torque generated by the magnetic barrier on the rotor core.
- the plurality of q-axis squirrel cage grooves includes a first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 and a second q-axis squirrel cage groove 13.
- the first end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 is arranged close to the q-axis.
- the second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 is away from the q-axis and gradually close to the d-axis of the rotor core 10.
- the first end of the second q-axis squirrel cage groove 13 is arranged close to the q-axis and is arranged at a distance from the first end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12, so that the first end of the second q-axis squirrel cage groove 13 and A first reinforcing rib 11 is formed between the first ends of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12, and the second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 is arranged far from the q-axis and gradually close to the d-axis of the rotor core 10, and the q-axis
- the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 and the second q-axis squirrel cage groove 13 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the q-axis through the geometric center line in the length direction of the first reinforcing rib 11. This arrangement can effectively improve the performance of the rotor structure.
- the angle between the end of the second end of the first q-axis squirrel cage groove 12 and the end of the second end of the second q-axis squirrel cage groove 13 to the center of the shaft hole 14 of the rotor core 10 is ⁇ , where ⁇ 0.25*180/p, p is the number of pole pairs of the motor rotor.
- a plurality of slit grooves 20 are provided between the q-axis squirrel cage groove and the shaft hole 14 of the rotor core 10, and both ends of each slit groove 20 are provided with a squirrel cage groove 30.
- the first end of the squirrel cage groove 30 is arranged adjacent to the slit groove 20, that is, the first end of the squirrel cage groove 30 is arranged at a distance from the slit groove 20 to form a reinforcing rib structure.
- the two ends extend outward in the radial direction of the rotor core 10 and gradually close to the d-axis of the rotor core 10. This arrangement can effectively improve the efficiency of the motor with the rotor structure.
- the side wall of the squirrel cage groove 30 on one side of the d-axis and the d-axis have a first included angle, and the angle of the first included angle is gradually increased outward along the radial direction of the rotor core 10.
- the rotor core has two stages.
- the two-stage magnetic poles are arranged symmetrically about the d-axis.
- the sidewalls of the squirrel cage groove 30 on the d-axis side of each magnetic pole and the d-axis have a first The setting of an included angle can improve the performance of the rotor structure.
- there are four slit grooves 20, and the four slit grooves 20 and the squirrel cage grooves 30 at both ends form a magnetic barrier layer.
- the angles formed by the squirrel cage grooves of the four-layer magnetic barrier layer with the d axis in the radial direction are ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, where ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- the slot 20 can be filled with a non-conductive and non-magnetic material, or the slot 20 can be air, that is, the slot is an air slot.
- both the q-axis squirrel cage slot and the squirrel cage slot 30 are filled with a conductive non-magnetic material 20, and the conductive non-magnetic material 20 is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- This arrangement can effectively improve the performance of the rotor structure.
- the material filled in the squirrel cage groove 30 is short-circuited by conductive end rings located at both ends of the rotor core 10, and the material of the conductive end ring is the same as that of the material filled in the squirrel cage groove 30.
- the width of the magnetic channel formed between two adjacent slit grooves 20 is gradually reduced in the direction away from the q-axis. That is, as shown in Figure 1, the width of the magnetic channel located on both sides of the q-axis is smaller than the width of the magnetic channel near the middle of the q-axis.
- multiple squirrel cage slots 30, and the multiple squirrel cage slots 30 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 10, and the distances from the ends of the multiple squirrel cage slots 30 to the outer edge of the rotor core 10 are equal. The distance between the end of each slit groove 20 and the squirrel cage groove 30 is equal. This arrangement can improve the stability of the rotor structure.
- each slot 20 is provided with a second reinforcement rib 40, and the width of the first reinforcement rib 11 is the same as the width of the second reinforcement rib 40.
- This arrangement can improve the strength of the rotor structure.
- the first reinforcing rib 11 and the second reinforcing rib 40 are located on the q axis.
- the first end of the squirrel cage groove 30 is connected with the slit groove 20, and the second end of the squirrel cage groove 30 extends outward along the radial direction of the rotor core 10 and gradually approaches the ground toward the d-axis of the rotor core 10 Set up. This arrangement can also improve the stability and reliability of the rotor structure.
- the side wall of the squirrel cage groove 30 on the side of the d-axis and the d-axis have a second included angle, and the angle of the second included angle is gradually increased outward along the radial direction of the rotor core 10.
- the setting of the second included angle can be the same as the setting of the first included angle described above.
- the rotor structure of the direct-start synchronous reluctance motor in the above-mentioned embodiment can also be used in the technical field of electrical equipment. That is, according to another aspect of the present application, a motor is provided.
- the rotor structure of the reluctance motor is the rotor structure of the direct-start synchronous reluctance motor in the above embodiment.
- the rotor structure of the direct-start synchronous reluctance motor in the above-mentioned embodiment can also be used in the technical field of electric vehicle equipment. That is, according to another aspect of the present application, a compressor is provided.
- the starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure is the above-mentioned direct starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure.
- the motor with the rotor structure of this structure solves the problems of low efficiency and low speed of the asynchronous motor, realizes high-efficiency constant speed operation, and improves the output power and efficiency of the motor.
- the present application provides a direct-start synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure, which can increase the mechanical strength of the motor rotor and improve the reliability of the motor.
- the rotor core is formed by laminating rotor punching pieces with a specific structure.
- the rotor punching piece is provided with multiple sets of slit grooves and squirrel cage grooves, as well as shaft holes matching the rotating shaft; the outer circumference of the rotor punching piece q axis
- a q-axis squirrel cage slot is arranged in the direction, and the q-axis squirrel cage slot is a part of the edge of the rotor.
- the q-axis squirrel cage slot effectively increases the magnetic resistance in the q-axis direction and reduces the q-axis magnetic flux and the q-axis inductance. Between each group of magnetic barrier layers, there are ribs parallel to the q-axis to increase the mechanical strength of the rotor.
- the angle occupied by the outer circumference of the q-axis squirrel cage slot is ⁇ , and the angle ⁇ satisfies: ⁇ 0.25*180/p, where p is the number of pole pairs of the motor rotor.
- p is the number of pole pairs of the motor rotor.
- the squirrel cage slots are inclined toward the d-axis from the inside of the rotor to the outside of the rotor.
- the magnetic channel between the squirrel cages is inclined to the d-axis.
- the angles between the squirrel cage and the d-axis are ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, respectively.
- the squirrel cage groove and the slit groove are separated and independent from each other, and the slit groove or the combination of the squirrel cage groove and the slit groove forms a magnetic barrier layer that obstructs the flow of magnetic flux and obstructs the d-axis axial flow of magnetic flux.
- the slit slots are made of air or filled with non-conductive and non-magnetic materials to increase the magnetic resistance difference between the d-axis and the q-axis.
- all the squirrel cage slots and the q-axis squirrel cage slots are filled with conductive and non-magnetic materials.
- the conductive and non-magnetic materials are aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- the squirrel cage slot and the corresponding slot slot are combined to form a magnetic barrier layer.
- the magnetic barrier layer is arranged in at least two layers in the radial direction of the rotor to form a pair of poles to make the magnetic flux close to the d-axis and increase the motor output. As shown in FIG. 3, the average output of the present application is larger than that of the prior art, and the torque ripple is smaller than that of the prior art.
- All squirrel cage slots are short-circuited by conductive end rings at both ends of the rotor.
- the end ring material is the same as the filling material of the squirrel cage slots to form a closed loop.
- the asynchronous torque is generated to help the motor start when the power is turned on, and no loss occurs after the motor runs synchronously.
- the distance from all squirrel cage slots on the rotor to the outer edge of the rotor is equal, and the distance from all squirrel cage slots to the slit slots on the corresponding layer is equal.
- the channel width gradually decreases in the direction away from the q-axis axis, that is, d1>d2>d3.
- the arc curvature of the rotor slot is from the rotor core near the shaft to the outside of the rotor The edge is gradually decreased, and the rotor space is reasonably used to make the magnetic flux distribution more reasonable.
- the rotor squirrel cage slot and the slit slot are symmetrical about the d axis and the q axis, which is convenient for rotor processing.
- the rotor structure with the above structure solves the problems of low efficiency and low speed of the asynchronous motor, overcomes the problems in the prior art, realizes the high-efficiency and constant-speed operation of the motor, and reduces the magnetism of the cast aluminum slot (slot portion) on the rotor d-axis in the prior art Through obstruction, increase the difference between the d-axis and q-axis magnetic flux, and improve the output power and efficiency of the motor.
- a reasonable configuration of the cast aluminum groove (slot portion) and the magnetic barrier (slit portion) is realized, so that the motor has good starting performance.
- the cast aluminum slot Through the combined design of the cast aluminum slot and the magnetic barrier, the cast aluminum slot generates an induction torque to achieve starting and drags into synchronization.
- the reluctance torque generated by the magnetic barrier effect realizes synchronous and stable operation. It is necessary to ensure a reasonable design of the magnetic barrier ratio, and to ensure that the magnetic flux passage between the magnetic barriers cannot be oversaturated, hindering the flow of magnetic flux, effectively using the rotor space, and increasing the difference between the d-axis and q-axis magnetic flux as much as possible.
- the q-axis long arc-shaped q-axis squirrel-cage slot design further increases the q reluctance, reduces the q-axis inductance, increases the difference between the d-axis and q-axis magnetic flux, generates greater reluctance torque, and increases the motor output and efficiency.
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机。直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构包括转子铁芯,靠近转子铁芯的外边缘处设置有q轴鼠笼槽,q轴鼠笼槽与转子铁芯的轴孔之间设置有多个狭缝槽,每一个狭缝槽的两端均设置有一个鼠笼槽,位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角地设置,第一夹角的角度沿转子铁芯的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。这样设置能够增加q轴磁阻,降低q轴电感,增大d轴、q轴磁通量之差,产生更大的磁阻转矩,增加电机出力及效率。
Description
本申请涉及压缩机设备技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机。本申请要求于2019年6月19日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201910533726.4、发明名称为“直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机”的专利申请的优先权。
异步起动同步磁阻电机结合了感应电机与磁阻电机的结构特点,通过鼠笼感应产生力矩实现起动,通过转子电感差距产生磁阻转矩实现恒转速运行,能够直接接电源实现起动运行。异步起动同步磁阻电机与异步起动永磁电机相比,没有稀土永磁材料,也不存在退磁问题,电机成本低,可靠性好。
现有技术中,专利公开号为CN1255925C的专利提供一种廉价的容易起动的同步感应电动机及同步感应电动机的制造装置和制造方法,在转子上设置磁通容易流过的方向的d轴及作为磁通难以流过的方向的q轴成90度的两极的磁极突起的至少一对狭缝部,以及配置在前述狭缝部的外周侧的多个狭槽部,在狭缝部和前述狭槽部内填充导电性材料。狭缝部制成为直线的形状,狭槽部沿圆周方向等间隔放射状地配置。由于狭槽部等间隔放射状地配置,使得狭槽部之间的磁通方向垂直转子表面径向流动,狭槽部阻碍了磁通d轴方向流通,特别是越靠近q轴的狭槽部,d轴磁通阻碍越明显,而且q轴磁通流通更顺畅,因此d、q轴磁通量相差不明显,凸极比不大,电机出力及效率不够。
专利公开号为CN1726629A的专利提供一种直接起动磁阻电动机转子,减少生产时间及花费。但同样存在与CN1255925C公开的技术方案一样的问题,即狭槽部阻碍了磁通d轴方向流通,转子外周铸铝槽(狭槽部)形状位置设置影响磁通流通,影响电机效率的发挥。
发明内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构、电机及压缩机,以解决现有技术中电机效率低的问题。
为了实现上述目的,根据本申请的一个方面,提供了一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,包括:转子铁芯,靠近转子铁芯的外边缘处设置有q轴鼠笼槽,q轴鼠笼槽与转子铁芯的轴孔之间设置有多个狭缝槽,每一个狭缝槽的两端均设置有一个鼠笼槽,位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角地设置,第一夹角的角度沿转子铁芯的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。
进一步地,q轴鼠笼槽为多个,相邻的两个q轴鼠笼槽之间设置有第一加强筋(11),多个q轴鼠笼槽用于填充导电不导磁材料。
进一步地,多个q轴鼠笼槽关于转子铁芯的q轴对称地设置。
进一步地,多个q轴鼠笼槽包括:第一q轴鼠笼槽,第一q轴鼠笼槽的第一端靠近q轴设置,第一q轴鼠笼槽的第二端远离q轴并逐渐靠近转子铁芯的d轴设置;第二q轴鼠笼槽,第二q轴鼠笼槽的第一端靠近q轴设置并与第一q轴鼠笼槽的第一端具有距离地设置,以使第二q轴鼠笼槽的第一端与第一q轴鼠笼槽的第一端之间形成第一加强筋,第一q轴鼠笼槽的第二端远离q轴并逐渐靠近转子铁芯的d轴设置,q轴过第一加强筋的长度方向的几何中心线,第一q轴鼠笼槽和第二q轴鼠笼槽关于q轴对称地设置。
进一步地,第一q轴鼠笼槽的第二端的端部与第二q轴鼠笼槽的第二端的端部至转子铁芯的轴孔的孔心的连线的夹角为θ,其中,θ≥0.25*180/p,p为电机转子的极对数。
进一步地,鼠笼槽的第一端与狭缝槽相邻地设置,鼠笼槽的第二端沿转子铁芯的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向转子铁芯的d轴靠近地设置。
进一步地,狭缝槽内填充不导电不导磁材料,或者,狭缝槽内为空气。
进一步地,q轴鼠笼槽、鼠笼槽内均注入导电不导磁材料,导电不导磁材料为铝或者铝合金。
进一步地,鼠笼槽内填充的材料通过位于转子铁芯两端的导电端环短接,导电端环的材质与鼠笼槽内填充材料的材质相同。
进一步地,相邻两个狭缝槽之间形成的导磁通道的宽度沿远离q轴方向逐渐减小地设置。
进一步地,鼠笼槽为多个,多个鼠笼槽沿转子铁芯的周向间隔地设置,多个鼠笼槽的端部至转子铁芯的外边缘的距离均相等。
进一步地,各狭缝槽的端部与鼠笼槽之间的距离均相等。
进一步地,每一个狭缝槽内均设置有第二加强筋,第一加强筋的宽度与第二加强筋的宽度相同。
进一步地,第一加强筋和第二加强筋位于q轴上。
进一步地,鼠笼槽的第一端与狭缝槽相连通地设置,鼠笼槽的第二端沿转子铁芯的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向转子铁芯的d轴靠近地设置。
进一步地,位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽的侧壁与d轴具有第二夹角的设置,第二夹角的角度沿转子铁芯的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。
根据本申请的另一方面,提供了一种电机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为上述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
根据本申请的另一方面,提供了一种压缩机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为上述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
应用本申请的技术方案,通过在转子铁芯的一个磁极上的q轴处设置q轴鼠笼槽,而且将位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角地设置。这样设置能够通过填入导电不导磁材料产生感应转矩实现起动,并拖入同步,通过转子铁芯上的磁障作用产生的磁组转矩实现同步稳定运行。这样设置能够增加q轴磁阻,降低q轴电感,增大d轴、q轴磁通量之差,产生更大的磁阻转矩,增加电机出力及效率。
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请,并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中:
图1示出了根据本申请的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构的第一实施例的结构示意图;
图2示出了根据本申请的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构的第二实施例的结构示意图;
图3示出了根据本申请的电机与现有技术中的电机出力比的对照示意图。
其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:
10、转子铁芯;11、第一加强筋;12、第一q轴鼠笼槽;13、第二q轴鼠笼槽;14、轴孔;
20、狭缝槽;
30、鼠笼槽;
40、第二加强筋。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
需要说明的是,本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适 当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
为了便于描述,在这里可以使用空间相对术语,如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等,用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是,空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如,如果附图中的器件被倒置,则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而,示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位),并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
现在,将参照附图更详细地描述根据本申请的示例性实施方式。然而,这些示例性实施方式可以由多种不同的形式来实施,并且不应当被解释为只限于这里所阐述的实施方式。应当理解的是,提供这些实施方式是为了使得本申请的公开彻底且完整,并且将这些示例性实施方式的构思充分传达给本领域普通技术人员,在附图中,为了清楚起见,有可能扩大了层和区域的厚度,并且使用相同的附图标记表示相同的器件,因而将省略对它们的描述。
结合图1至图3所示,根据本申请的实施例,提供了一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
如图1所示,该转子结构包括转子铁芯10。靠近转子铁芯10的外边缘处设置有q轴鼠笼槽,q轴鼠笼槽与转子铁芯10的轴孔14之间设置有多个狭缝槽20,每一个狭缝槽20的两端均设置有一个鼠笼槽30,位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽30的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角地设置,第一夹角的角度沿转子铁芯10的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。。
在本实施例中,通过在转子铁芯的一个磁极上的q轴处设置多个q轴鼠笼槽,而且将位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角地设置。这样设置能够通过填入导电不导磁材料产生感应转矩实现起动,并拖入同步,通过转子铁芯上的磁障作用产生的磁组转矩实现同步稳定运行。这样设置能够增加q轴磁阻,降低q轴电感,增大d轴、q轴磁通量之差,产生更大的磁阻转矩,增加电机出力及效率。
其中,q轴鼠笼槽为多个,相邻的两个q轴鼠笼槽之间设置有第一加强筋(11),多个q轴鼠笼槽用于填充导电不导磁材料。多个q轴鼠笼槽关于转子铁芯10的q轴对称地设置。这样设置能够进一步地提高转子结构的稳定性和可靠性。这样设置能够通过填入导电不导磁材料产生感应转矩实现起动,并拖入同步,通过转子铁芯上的磁障作用产生的磁组转矩实现同步稳定运行。
优选地,如图1所示,多个q轴鼠笼槽包括第一q轴鼠笼槽12和第二q轴鼠笼槽13。第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第一端靠近q轴设置。第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第二端远离q轴并逐渐靠近转子铁芯10的d轴设置。第二q轴鼠笼槽13的第一端靠近q轴设置并与第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第一端具有距离地设置,以使第二q轴鼠笼槽13的第一端与第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第一端之间形成第一加强筋11,第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第二端远离q轴并逐渐靠近转子铁芯10的d轴设置,q轴过第一加强筋11的长度方向的几何中心线,第一q轴鼠笼槽12和第二q轴鼠笼槽13关于q轴对称地设置。这样设置能够有效提高该转子结构的性能。
其中,第一q轴鼠笼槽12的第二端的端部与第二q轴鼠笼槽13的第二端的端部至转子铁芯10的轴孔14的孔心的连线的夹角为θ,其中,θ≥0.25*180/p,p为电机转子的极对数。q轴鼠笼槽与转子铁芯10的轴孔14之间设置有多个狭缝槽20,每一个狭缝槽20的两端均设置有一个鼠笼槽30。鼠笼槽30的第一端与狭缝槽20相邻地设置,即鼠笼槽30的第一端与狭缝槽20之间具有距离地设置以形成加强筋结构,鼠笼槽30的第二端沿转子铁芯10的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向转子铁芯10的d轴靠近地设置。这样设置能够有效提高具有该转子结构的电机的效率。
进一步地,位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽30的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角的设置,第一夹角的角度沿转子铁芯10的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。如图1所示,该转子铁芯级数为两级,两级磁极关于d轴对称地设置,将每一个磁极中的位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽30的侧壁与d轴具有第一夹角的设置能够提高该转子结构的性能。如图1所示,狭缝槽20为四个,四个狭缝槽20分半与其两端的鼠笼槽30组成一个磁障层。四层磁障层的鼠笼槽沿径向方向向外与d轴形成的角度依次为θ1、θ2、θ3、θ4,其中,θ1<θ2<θ3<θ4。
其中,可以在狭缝槽20内填充不导电不导磁材料,或者,狭缝槽20内为空气,即狭缝槽为空气槽。
进一步地,q轴鼠笼槽、鼠笼槽30内均注入导电不导磁材料20,导电不导磁材料20为铝或者铝合金。这样设置能够有效地提高转子结构的性能。其中,鼠笼槽30内填充的材料通过位于转子铁芯10两端的导电端环短接,导电端环的材质与鼠笼槽30内填充材料的材质相同。
相邻两个狭缝槽20之间形成的导磁通道的宽度沿远离q轴方向逐渐减小地设置。即如图1所示,位于q轴两侧的导磁通道的宽度小于靠近q轴中部的导磁通道的宽度。
鼠笼槽30为多个,多个鼠笼槽30沿转子铁芯10的周向间隔地设置,多个鼠笼槽30的端部至转子铁芯10的外边缘的距离均相等。各狭缝槽20的端部与鼠笼槽30之间的距离均相等。这样设置能够提高转子结构的稳定性。
如图2所示,根据本申请的另一个实施例,每一个狭缝槽20内均设置有第二加强筋40,第一加强筋11的宽度与第二加强筋40的宽度相同。这样设置能够提高转子结构的强度。其中,第一加强筋11和第二加强筋40位于q轴上。
鼠笼槽30的第一端与狭缝槽20相连通地设置,鼠笼槽30的第二端沿转子铁芯10的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向转子铁芯10的d轴靠近地设置。这样设置能够同样提高该转子结构的稳定性和可靠性。
位于d轴一侧的鼠笼槽30的侧壁与d轴具有第二夹角的设置,第二夹角的角度沿转子铁芯10的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。如图2所示,该第二夹角的设置方式可以和上述第一夹角的设置方式一样。
上述实施例中的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构还可以用于电机设备技术领域,即根据本申请的另一方面,提供了一种电机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为上述实施例中的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
上述实施例中的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构还可以用于电动车设备技术领域,即根据本申请的另一方面,提供了一种压缩机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为上述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
具体地,采用该结构的转子结构的电机,解决异步电机效率低,转速低的问题,实现高效恒转速运行,提高电机输出功率及效率。本申请提供一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,能够增加电机转子机械强度,提升电机的可靠性。
如图1所示,转子铁心由具有特定结构的转子冲片叠压而成,转子冲片上设置有多组狭缝槽和鼠笼槽,以及和转轴配合的轴孔;转子冲片外周q轴方向上设置有q轴鼠笼槽,q轴鼠笼槽作为转子边缘的一部分。q轴鼠笼槽有效增加q轴方向磁阻,减小了q轴磁通及q轴电感,每一组磁障层之间,沿q轴平行方向设置有加强筋,增加转子机械强度。
q轴鼠笼槽外周宽度所占角度为θ,所述角度θ满足:θ≥0.25*180/p,p为电机转子极对数,选择合适角度范围,即可增加q轴方向磁阻,减小了q轴磁通及q轴电感,同时保证电机起动能力。
鼠笼槽由转子内部向转子外部,往d轴方向倾斜,鼠笼槽之间导磁通道向d轴方向倾斜,鼠笼槽与d轴的角度分别为θ1、θ2、θ3、θ4,鼠笼槽越靠近d轴时,与d轴的夹角越小,即θ1<θ2<θ3<θ4,使磁通往d轴方向聚集,增加d轴磁通,增加电机d轴、q轴磁通量之差,增加电机磁阻转矩。鼠笼槽与狭缝槽是相互分割独立的,狭缝槽或者鼠笼槽与狭缝槽组合成阻碍磁通流动的磁障层,阻碍磁通d轴轴向流通。狭缝槽为空气或者填入不导电不导磁的材料,增大d轴与q轴的磁阻差。
其中,所有鼠笼槽及q轴鼠笼槽均注入导电不导磁的材料,优选地,导电不导磁的材料为铝或者铝合金,电机通电时,鼠笼槽产生异步转矩,帮助电机起动。鼠笼槽与对应的狭缝槽组合成磁障层,磁障层在转子径向方向上至少布置两层以上,形成成对的极,使磁通向d轴靠拢,增加电机出力。如图3所示,本申请比现有技术平均出力大,同时转矩脉动小于现有技术。
所有鼠笼槽通过转子两端的导电端环短接,端环材料与鼠笼槽填充材料一致,形成闭合回路,通电产生异步转矩帮助电机启动,并在电机同步运转后不产生损耗。转子上所有鼠笼槽到转子外缘的距离相等,所有鼠笼槽到对应层上的狭缝槽上的距离相等。相邻两个狭缝槽之间形成的通道,其通道宽度按远离q轴轴线方向逐渐减小,即d1>d2>d3,转子狭缝槽圆弧曲率从转子铁芯靠近转轴处向转子外缘处依次递减,合理利用转子空间,使磁通分布更加合理。转子鼠笼槽与狭缝槽均关于d轴与q轴对称,方便转子加工。当然,如图2所示,狭缝槽与鼠笼槽之间可以不用设置加强筋,每层狭缝槽之间关于q轴对称处可设置与q轴鼠笼槽相等宽度的加强筋。
采用上述结构的转子结构,解决异步电机效率低,转速低的问题,克服现有技术存在问题,实现电机高效恒转速运行,减少现有技术中铸铝槽(狭槽部)对转子d轴磁通的阻碍,增加d轴、q轴磁通量之差,提高电机输出功率及效率。采用本申请的技术方案,实现了铸铝槽(狭槽部)与磁障(狭缝部)合理配置,使电机具有良好的起动性能。通过铸铝槽与磁障结合设计,铸铝槽产生感应转矩实现起动,并拖入同步,通过磁障作用产生的磁阻转矩实现同步稳定运行。既要保证合理的磁障占比设计,又要保证磁障之间的磁通通道不能出现过饱和,阻碍磁通流动,有效利用转子空间,尽可能增大d轴、q轴磁通量之差,通过q轴长弧形q轴鼠笼槽设计,进一步增加q磁阻,降低q轴电感,增大d轴、q轴磁通量之差,产生更大的磁阻转矩,增加电机出力及效率。
除上述以外,还需要说明的是在本说明书中所谈到的“一个实施例”、“另一个实施例”、“实施例”等,指的是结合该实施例描述的具体特征、结构或者特点包括在本申请概括性描述的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中多个地方出现同种表述不是一定指的是同一个实施例。进一步来说,结合任一实施例描述一个具体特征、结构或者特点时,所要主张的是结合其他实施例来实现这种特征、结构或者特点也落在本申请的范围内。
在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述的部分,可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (18)
- 一种直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,包括:转子铁芯(10),靠近所述转子铁芯(10)的外边缘处设置有q轴鼠笼槽,所述q轴鼠笼槽与所述转子铁芯(10)的轴孔(14)之间设置有多个狭缝槽(20),每一个所述狭缝槽(20)的两端均设置有一个鼠笼槽(30),位于d轴一侧的所述鼠笼槽(30)的侧壁与所述d轴具有第一夹角地设置,所述第一夹角的角度沿所述转子铁芯(10)的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述q轴鼠笼槽为多个,相邻的两个所述q轴鼠笼槽之间设置有第一加强筋(11),多个所述q轴鼠笼槽用于填充导电不导磁材料。
- 根据权利要求2所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,多个所述q轴鼠笼槽关于所述转子铁芯(10)的q轴对称地设置。
- 根据权利要求3所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,多个所述q轴鼠笼槽包括:第一q轴鼠笼槽(12),所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第一端靠近所述q轴设置,所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第二端远离所述q轴并逐渐靠近所述转子铁芯(10)的d轴设置;第二q轴鼠笼槽(13),所述第二q轴鼠笼槽(13)的第一端靠近所述q轴设置并与所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第一端具有距离地设置,以使所述第二q轴鼠笼槽(13)的第一端与所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第一端之间形成所述第一加强筋(11),所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第二端远离所述q轴并逐渐靠近所述转子铁芯(10)的d轴设置,所述q轴过所述第一加强筋(11)的长度方向的几何中心线,所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)和所述第二q轴鼠笼槽(13)关于所述q轴对称地设置。
- 根据权利要求4所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述第一q轴鼠笼槽(12)的第二端的端部与所述第二q轴鼠笼槽(13)的第二端的端部至所述转子铁芯(10)的轴孔(14)的孔心的连线的夹角为θ,其中,θ≥0.25*180/p,p为电机转子的极对数。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述鼠笼槽(30)的第一端与所述狭缝槽(20)相邻地设置,所述鼠笼槽(30)的第二端沿所述转子铁芯(10)的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向所述转子铁芯(10)的d轴靠近地设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述狭缝槽(20)内填充不导电不导磁材料,或者,所述狭缝槽(20)内为空气。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述q轴鼠笼槽、所述鼠笼槽(30)内均注入所述导电不导磁材料(20),所述导电不导磁材料(20)为铝或者铝合金。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述鼠笼槽(30)内填充的材料通过位于所述转子铁芯(10)两端的导电端环短接,所述导电端环的材质与所述鼠笼槽(30)内填充材料的材质相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,相邻两个所述狭缝槽(20)之间形成的导磁通道的宽度沿远离所述q轴方向逐渐减小地设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述鼠笼槽(30)为多个,多个所述鼠笼槽(30)沿所述转子铁芯(10)的周向间隔地设置,多个所述鼠笼槽(30)的端部至所述转子铁芯(10)的外边缘的距离均相等。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,各所述狭缝槽(20)的端部与所述鼠笼槽(30)之间的距离均相等。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,每一个所述狭缝槽(20)内均设置有第二加强筋(40),所述第一加强筋(11)的宽度与所述第二加强筋(40)的宽度相同。
- 根据权利要求13所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述第一加强筋(11)和所述第二加强筋(40)位于所述q轴上。
- 根据权利要求14所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述鼠笼槽(30)的第一端与所述狭缝槽(20)相连通地设置,所述鼠笼槽(30)的第二端沿所述转子铁芯(10)的径向方向向外延伸并逐渐朝向所述转子铁芯(10)的d轴靠近地设置。
- 根据权利要求15所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,位于d轴一侧的所述鼠笼槽(30)的侧壁与所述d轴具有第二夹角的设置,所述第二夹角的角度沿所述转子铁芯(10)的径向方向向外逐渐增加地设置。
- 一种电机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为权利要求1至16中任一项所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
- 一种压缩机,包括直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构,其特征在于,所述直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构为权利要求1至16中任一项所述的直接起动同步磁阻电机转子结构。
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