WO2018103415A1 - 一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构及离心压缩机 - Google Patents

一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构及离心压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103415A1
WO2018103415A1 PCT/CN2017/103127 CN2017103127W WO2018103415A1 WO 2018103415 A1 WO2018103415 A1 WO 2018103415A1 CN 2017103127 W CN2017103127 W CN 2017103127W WO 2018103415 A1 WO2018103415 A1 WO 2018103415A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diffuser
refluxer
integrated structure
flow passage
gas
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PCT/CN2017/103127
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周义
张治平
钟瑞兴
蒋楠
刘建飞
蒋彩云
陈玉辉
刘增岳
雷连冬
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Application filed by 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海格力电器股份有限公司
Priority to EP17877979.9A priority Critical patent/EP3550153B1/en
Priority to US16/466,159 priority patent/US11002288B2/en
Publication of WO2018103415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103415A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5846—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling by injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal compressors, in particular to an integrated structure of a reflux device and a diffuser and a centrifugal compressor.
  • Centrifugal compressors also known as radial compressors, are widely used in various processes, mainly for conveying air, various process gases or mixed gases, and increasing their pressure.
  • the multi-stage centrifugal compressor generally includes a main shaft, a first-stage impeller, a first-stage diffuser cover plate, a first-stage diffuser, a reflux device, a secondary impeller, a secondary diffuser cover plate, and a secondary diffuser.
  • the main shaft drives the first-stage impeller to rotate, and the gas from the inlet chamber is sucked by the first-stage impeller into the first-stage diffusing flow passage formed by the first-stage diffuser cover plate and the first-stage diffuser, and the gas passes through.
  • the return flow enters the intake flow passage in front of the secondary impeller; the secondary impeller is also driven by the main shaft to rotate, and the gas from the intake flow passage is picked up by the secondary impeller to the secondary diffuser cover
  • the secondary diffuser flow path formed by the secondary diffuser in which the gas is gradually compressed and thus has a high pressure.
  • the function of the reflux device is to conduct a flow, and to guide the strong swirling airflow flowing out of the primary diffusing flow passage to uniformly enter the next-stage impeller in a circumferential direction or a specific direction.
  • the recirculator is usually present as a separate component that is connected to the diffuser by screw pins or welds for fastening and positioning.
  • This type of structure in the prior art has the following technical defects: 1) low assembly precision, high energy loss, and the return device as a separate component. When connecting with the diffuser, it is necessary to first align and then pass the screw pin.
  • connection gap not only the connection gap, but also easy to be misaligned due to the cumulative deviation, when the gas from the diffuser flow channel hits the connection gap or the misalignment position, there will be a large energy loss, such as kinetic energy Loss, stamping loss, etc.; 2) low assembly efficiency, due to the need to achieve high precision installation, resulting in slow assembly speed and low efficiency; 3) after the return of the returnor to the diffuser, the end of the return vane and the diffuser There is a gap between the devices, and the gas from the diffusing flow path is easy to leak from the position, thereby avoiding the flow guiding action of the reflux device and affecting the gas guided by the reflux device, thereby impairing the uniformity of the air flow; 4) When the reflower and the diffuser are connected by screws or pins, it is necessary to open a threaded hole in the recirculating blade, and then screw or pin through the diffuser and screw the screw hole to fix the connection manner.
  • the blade that needs the refluxer has a certain thickness, which results in a small number of blades in the reflux device, and further causes a large difference in the angle of the airflow between the blade angle and the gas impact, resulting in a large airflow angle of attack, which is not only unfavorable for diversion, but also There will be energy losses, such as stamping losses.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the technical drawback that the prior art reflow device as a separate component needs to be connected to the diffuser by bolt screw or welding, resulting in low assembly efficiency and large energy loss.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the technical drawback that the prior art reflow device as a separate component needs to be connected to the diffuser by bolt screw or welding, resulting in low assembly efficiency and large energy loss.
  • the present invention also provides a centrifugal compressor having the above-described reflux device integrated with a diffuser.
  • the present invention provides an integrated structure of a reflow device and a diffuser, comprising a diffuser portion and a reflow portion integrally formed with the diffuser portion, the diffuser portion for forming a diffusing flow passage, a reflux device Part of the return flow path is connected to the diffuser flow path for guiding the gas from the diffuser flow path.
  • the diffuser portion and the reflux portion are integrally formed by casting.
  • the return flow path has an inlet and an outlet, and the width a of the inlet is ⁇ the width b of the outlet.
  • the width b of the outlet does not exceed four times the width a of the inlet.
  • one side of the return flow channel is vertical, the other side is gradually flared outward in the direction of the inlet to the outlet, and the angle between the other side and the vertical direction is ⁇ , and 0 ⁇ 45°.
  • the inner wall of the return flow channel is provided with reflowing vanes, and the reflowing vanes are evenly distributed in a series or in a single row.
  • the outer edge of the return vane is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the return flow passage, and the tangent of the position where the return vane contacts the inner wall of the return flow passage, and the return flow passage at the corresponding position
  • a blade mounting angle ⁇ is formed between the tangent lines of the inner wall, and the blade mounting angle ⁇ is 10° to 80°.
  • a diffuser vane is further disposed inside the diffuser flow passage.
  • the width of the diffuser vanes is not greater than the width of the impeller opposite thereto to feed the gas into the diffuser flow passage.
  • the present invention also provides a centrifugal compressor comprising a main shaft, an impeller mounted on the main shaft, and a diffuser cover, and further comprising the integrated structure of any one of the above; the diffuser cover is opposite to the diffuser portion A diffusing flow path is formed.
  • the centrifugal compressor has at least two stages, and the returning portion of the front stage has a receiving space between the second stage impeller of the latter stage, and the receiving space is connected with the supplementary air passage, and the supplementary air passage is used for receiving Space supplemental gas.
  • the supplemental air passage is in communication with the expansion valve for inputting a portion of the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve into the accommodating space to cool and liquefy.
  • the integrated structure of the reflux device and the diffuser of the present invention comprising a diffuser portion and a reflux portion, and the diffuser portion and the reflux portion are integrated into one component, which is no longer a screw in the prior art.
  • the separate diffuser and the separate reflow device are connected in a unified structure. Due to such design, the integrated structure of the invention does not need to separately assemble the reflow device and the diffuser, and The connection gap caused by the assembly and the misalignment due to the accumulated error are eliminated, so that the gas can smoothly flow into the return flow path from the diffusing flow passage, and the energy loss is small; the regenerator portion is integrated with the diffuser portion.
  • the returning vanes are separately disposed in the return flow passage, and no need to be connected to the diffuser, thereby eliminating the problem that the gap between the end of the reflow vane and the diffuser in the prior art causes air leakage, and a part of the airflow does not occur.
  • the phenomenon of diversion of the reflux device and the influence of the gas after the flow through the reflux device are caused, and thus the integrated body of the present invention
  • the diffuser portion and the reflux portion are integrally formed by casting.
  • the integrated structure of the present invention since the gas entering the return flow passage from the diffusing flow passage is an unstable flow with a large flow velocity, the flow loss is large, and the width of the design inlet is ⁇ the width of the outlet.
  • the outlet width not exceeding four times the inlet width can ensure the gas Smoothly flowing through the return flow path; one side of the return flow path is vertical, and the other side is gradually opened in the direction of the inlet to the outlet, and the angle between the other side and the vertical direction is between 0 and 45 degrees, which can guide The gas flows toward one side, improving the flow guiding effect.
  • the inner wall of the recirculation passage is provided with recirculating vanes, and the recirculating vanes are evenly distributed in a series or a single row, thereby uniformly guiding the gas from the diffusing flow passage.
  • the outer edge of the return vane is fixedly coupled to the inner wall of the return flow passage, and the tangent to the position where the return vane is in contact with the inner wall of the return flow passage is formed between the tangent to the inner wall of the return flow passage at the corresponding position.
  • the blade mounting angle and the blade mounting angle are between 10 and 80 degrees. This structural design makes the blade installation angle of the returning blade more consistent with the actual flow angle of the airflow, thereby reducing the impact loss.
  • the integrated structure of the present invention for certain models that require high uniformity of airflow, such as heat pumps or ice storage units, in order to ensure high performance in heating or ice storage conditions, in the expansion
  • the inside of the flow channel is also provided with a diffusing vane, which can initially conduct a flow into the diffusing flow passage, and then input into the return flow passage to perform secondary diversion, thereby further improving the uniformity of the airflow.
  • the width of the diffuser vanes is not greater than the width of the impeller opposite thereto to feed the gas into the diffuser flow passage, thereby preventing gas backflow and ensuring flow convergence.
  • the present invention also provides a centrifugal compressor comprising a main shaft, an impeller, a diffuser cover plate, and the integrated structure according to any of the above, which adopts the above-mentioned integrated structure, thereby having the above integration All the advantages brought by the structure.
  • the centrifugal compressor of the present invention has at least two stages, and the returning portion of the front stage has a receiving space between the secondary impeller of the subsequent stage, the receiving space is in communication with the supplemental passage, and the supplemental passage is for receiving The space supplements the gas to improve the compression efficiency.
  • the gas when used in the refrigeration equipment, the gas is compressed and pressurized, and the temperature is high. At this time, the air supply passage communicates with the expansion valve, and a part of the low temperature gas that has been expanded by the expansion valve is input.
  • the accommodation space not only plays the role of qi, but also plays a role in cooling.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an integrated structure of a reflux unit and a diffuser according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the return vanes in a series arrangement in the return flow path.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the return vanes in a single row distribution in the return flow path.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated structure of the present invention mounted on a main shaft.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view showing the distribution of the primary diffuser vanes in the diffuser flow passage.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic view showing the distribution of the secondary diffuser vanes in the diffuser flow passage.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated structure provided with the primary diffuser vanes and the secondary diffuser vanes mounted on the spindle.
  • the embodiment provides an integrated structure of a reflow device and a diffuser. As shown in FIG. 1, the diffuser portion 1 and the recirculator portion 2 integrally formed with the diffuser portion 1 are provided. The diffuser portion 1 is used for The diffuser flow path 10 is formed, and the return flow portion 2 has a return flow path 20 that communicates with the diffuser flow path 10 for guiding the gas from the diffuser flow path 10.
  • the diffuser portion 1 and the reflow portion 2 are integrated into one component, which is no longer a separate diffusion in the prior art by means of screw pin or welding.
  • the device and the separate reflow device are connected in a unified structure. Due to such design, the integrated structure of the embodiment not only does not need to separately assemble the reflow device and the diffuser, but also eliminates the connection gap caused by the assembly.
  • the regenerator portion 2 is integrated with the diffuser portion 1, the return vane 23 Separately disposed in the return flow path 20, no need to be connected to the diffuser, eliminating the problem of gaps between the end of the reflow vane 23 and the diffuser in the prior art, resulting in air leakage, so that a part of the air flow does not occur.
  • the flow guiding function of the refluxing device is avoided, and the gas after the flow through the reflux device is affected, and thus the integrated structure of the present invention is used for the centrifugal compressor. , But also improve the effect of flow, the air flow and better uniformity.
  • the diffuser portion 1 and the reflux portion 2 are integrally molded by casting.
  • the return flow path 20 has an inlet 21 and an outlet 22, and the width a of the inlet 21 ⁇ the width b of the outlet 22, since the gas entering the return flow path 20 from the diffusing flow path 10 is a flow rate
  • the larger unstable flow has a larger flow loss.
  • the width a of the design inlet 21 ⁇ the width b of the outlet 22 can cause the return flow passage 20 to perform a certain pressure expansion, reduce the flow rate, and improve the stability of the gas flow.
  • the width b of the outlet 22 does not exceed four times the width a of the inlet 21, so that the gas can smoothly flow through the return flow channel; in this embodiment, the inlet 21
  • the width a is 4/5 of the outlet width b.
  • One side of the return flow path 20 is vertical, the other side is gradually flared outward in the direction of the inlet 21 to the outlet 22, and the angle between the other side and the vertical direction is ⁇ , and 0 ⁇ 45°,
  • This design structure can guide the gas to flow to the set side and improve the flow guiding effect.
  • the inner wall of the return flow path 20 is provided with reflow vanes 23, as shown in Fig. 2, the reflow vanes 23 are evenly distributed in series, and the thickness of the reflow vanes 23 is 5-40 mm, and the number is 3-50; For ordinary models with low airflow uniformity requirements, a single-row uniform distribution can also be used, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the outer edge of the return vane 23 is fixedly coupled to the inner wall of the return flow passage 20, and the tangent to the position where the return vane 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the return flow passage 20 forms a vane mounting angle ⁇ between the tangent to the inner wall of the return flow passage 20 at the corresponding position.
  • the blade mounting angle ⁇ is 10° to 80°. This structural design allows the blade mounting angle ⁇ of the return vanes 23 to be more consistent with the actual flow angle of the airflow, thereby reducing the impact loss.
  • a diffuser vane 13 is also provided, which is disposed inside the diffuser flow passage 10, and the diffuser vane 13 may also be disposed on the recirculator portion 2.
  • the diffuser vanes 13 can perform preliminary diversion of the airflow entering the diffuser flow passage 10 and then input into the return flow passage 20 for secondary diversion, thereby further improving the uniformity of the airflow.
  • the diffuser vane 13 may be provided on the diffuser cover 4 for forming a diffusing flow path with the diffuser portion 1.
  • the width of the diffuser vanes 13 is not greater than the width of the impeller 3 opposite thereto to feed the gas into the diffuser flow passage 10.
  • c is the thickness of the primary diffuser vane 13
  • d is the thickness of the secondary diffuser vane 13
  • the thickness of the primary diffuser vane 13 is smaller than the thickness B1 of the impeller 3 in Fig. 1
  • the secondary diffuser vane 13 is smaller than the thickness B2 of the secondary impeller 7 in Fig. 1, so that gas backflow can be prevented, and the convergence of the flow can be ensured.
  • the integrated structure of the embodiment can be used not only for a two-stage centrifugal compressor but also for a centrifugal compressor of three or more stages.
  • the embodiment provides a centrifugal compressor including a main shaft, an impeller 3 mounted on the main shaft, and a diffuser cover 4, and further includes an integrated structure as in Embodiment 1; the diffuser cover 4 and the diffuser The portion 1 is opposed to form a diffusing flow passage 10.
  • centrifugal compressor of the present embodiment employs the above-described integrated structure, it has all the advantages brought about by adopting the above-described integrated structure.
  • the centrifugal compressor has two stages, and the returning portion 2 of the previous stage and the secondary impeller 7 of the subsequent stage have an accommodating space 5, and the accommodating space 5 is in communication with the supplementary air passage 6, and the supplementary air passage 6 is used for accommodating the space. 5 supplement the gas to increase compression efficiency.
  • the working process of the two-stage centrifugal compressor is as follows: the main shaft drives the impeller 3 to rotate, and the gas is sucked into the diffusing flow passage 10 formed by the diffuser cover 4 and the diffuser portion 1, and the gas flows from the diffusing flow passage 10
  • the return flow passage 20 enters the position of the accommodating space 5, and the secondary impeller 7 is also rotated by the main shaft to further inject the gas located in the accommodating space 5 into the second stage formed by the secondary diffuser cover 9 and the integrated structure.
  • the flow path 8 is diffused to further increase the gas pressure.
  • the air supply passage 6 communicates with the expansion valve for inputting a part of the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve into the accommodating space 5 to cool and replenish Gas, not only plays a role in qi, but also plays a role in cooling.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构及离心压缩机，包括扩压器部分(1)和与所述扩压器部分(1)一体铸造成型的回流器部分(2)，所述扩压器部分(1)用于形成扩压流道(10)，所述回流器部分(2)具有回流流道(20)，所述回流流道(20)与所述扩压流道(10)连通，用于对来自所述扩压流道(10)的气体进行导流。上述结构不仅无需单独装配回流器与扩压器，而且消除了因装配产生的连接缝隙，以及因累积误差导致的错位等，从而使得气体能够很顺畅地由扩压流道流入回流流道，导流效果好，气流均匀性更好

Description

一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构及离心压缩机 技术领域
本发明涉及离心压缩机技术领域，具体涉及一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构及离心压缩机。
背景技术
离心压缩机又称径流压缩机，广泛应用于各种工艺流程中，主要用来输送空气、各种工艺气体或混合气体，并提高其压力。多级离心压缩机一般包括主轴、一级叶轮、一级扩压器盖板、一级扩压器、回流器、二级叶轮、二级扩压器盖板、二级扩压器等。压缩机工作时，主轴带动一级叶轮转动，来自进气室的气体被一级叶轮甩到由一级扩压器盖板和一级扩压器形成的一级扩压流道中，气体穿过一级扩压流道后，经回流器进入二级叶轮前方的进气流道；二级叶轮同样被主轴带动转动，来自进气流道的气体被二级叶轮甩到由二级扩压器盖板和二级扩压器形成的二级扩压流道，在此过程中，气体被逐渐压缩，从而具有很高的压力。在离心压缩机中，回流器的作用在于导流，引导从一级扩压流道中流出的强旋绕气流以周向或特定方向均匀地进入下一级叶轮。
现有技术中，回流器通常作为一个单独的零部件存在，其与扩压器通过螺钉销钉或焊接连接，实现紧固和定位。现有技术中的这种结构形式具有如下技术缺陷：1)装配精度低，能量损失大，回流器作为一个单独的零部件，与扩压器连接时，需要先对位，然后再通过螺钉销钉或焊接方式连接，在此过程中，不仅有连接缝隙，还极易因累积偏差出现错位，来自扩压流道的气体冲击到连接缝隙或错位位置时，会出现较大的能量损失，如动能损失、冲压损失等；2)装配效率低，由于需要实现高精度安装，导致装配速度慢，效率低；3)回流器与扩压器连接后，回流器叶片末端与扩压 器之间存在间隙，来自扩压流道的气体容易从该位置漏气，从而躲过回流器的导流作用，并对经回流器导流后的气体造成影响，损害气流均匀性；4)当回流器与扩压器通过螺钉或销钉连接时，需要在回流器叶片上开螺纹孔，然后使用螺钉或销钉穿过扩压器后与该螺纹孔螺接，实现固定，这种连接方式，需要回流器的叶片具有一定的厚度，这就导致回流器内叶片数量少，并进一步导致叶片角度与气体冲击的气流角差值大，产生较大的气流冲角，不仅不利于导流，还会出现能量损失，如冲压损失等。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的回流器作为一个单独的零部件需要通过螺栓螺钉或焊接方式与扩压器连接，导致装配效率低、且能量损失大的技术缺陷，从而提供一种装配效率高、能量损失小的回流器与扩压器一体化结构。
本发明还提供一种具有上述回流器与扩压器一体化的离心压缩机。
为此，本发明提供一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构，包括扩压器部分和与扩压器部分一体成型的回流器部分，扩压器部分用于形成扩压流道，回流器部分具有回流流道，回流流道与扩压流道连通，用于对来自扩压流道的气体进行导流。
作为一种优选方案，扩压器部分和回流器部分通过铸造一体成型。
作为一种优选方案，回流流道具有进口和出口，且进口的宽度a≤出口的宽度b。
作为一种优选方案，出口的宽度b不超过进口的宽度a的四倍。
作为一种优选方案，回流流道的一侧竖直，另一侧沿进口至出口方向逐渐向外张开，且另一侧与竖直方向之间的夹角为β，并且0≤β≤45°。
作为一种优选方案，回流流道内壁上设有回流叶片，回流叶片成串列或单列均匀分布。
作为一种优选方案，回流叶片的外侧边缘与回流流道的内壁固定连接，并且回流叶片与回流流道的内壁相接触位置的切线，与相应位置回流流道 内壁的切线之间形成叶片安装角α，叶片安装角α为10°～80°。
作为一种优选方案，还包括扩压叶片，设置在扩压流道内部。
作为一种优选方案，扩压叶片的宽度不大于与其相对以将气体送入扩压流道的叶轮的宽度。
本发明还提供一种离心压缩机，包括主轴，安装在主轴上的叶轮，和扩压器盖板，还包括如上任一项的一体化结构；扩压器盖板与扩压器部分相对以形成扩压流道。
作为一种优选方案，离心压缩机至少为两级，前一级的回流器部分与后一级的二级叶轮之间具有容纳空间，容纳空间与补气通道连通，补气通道用于向容纳空间补充气体。
作为一种优选方案，补气通道与膨胀阀连通，用于将经膨胀阀膨胀后的一部分制冷剂输入到容纳空间内以降温和补气。
本发明提供的技术方案，具有以下优点：
1.本发明的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，包括扩压器部分和回流器部分，并且扩压器部分和回流器部分一体化成为一个零部件，不再是现有技术中通过螺钉销钉或焊接等方式将单独的扩压器和单独的回流器二次连接成一体的结构形式，由于进行了这样的设计，本发明的一体化结构不仅无需单独装配回流器与扩压器，而且消除了因装配产生的连接缝隙，以及因累积误差导致的错位等，从而使得气体能够很顺畅地由扩压流道流入回流流道，能量损失小；回流器部分与扩压器部分一体化设计后，回流叶片单独地设置在回流流道内，不用再与扩压器连接，消除了现有技术中回流叶片末端与扩压器之间存在缝隙导致漏气的问题，也就不会出现一部分气流从缝隙处漏气后，躲过回流器的导流作用，并对经回流器导流后的气体造成影响的现象，因而本发明的一体化结构用于离心压缩机时，还能提高导流效果，使气流均匀性更好。作为优选，扩压器部分和回流器部分通过铸造一体成型。
2.本发明的一体化结构，由于从扩压流道进入到回流流道内的气体是流速较大的不稳定流，流动损失较大，设计进口的宽度≤出口的宽度，可 以使回流流道起到一定的扩压作用，降低流速，提高气体流动的稳定性；考虑到回流流道内表面的粗糙度较大，进一步设计出口宽度不超过进口宽度的四倍，可以保证气体顺利流过回流流道；回流流道的一侧竖直，另一侧沿进口至出口方向逐渐张开，所述另一侧与竖直方向的夹角在0至45°之间，可以引导气体向着一侧流动，提高导流效果。
3.本发明的一体化结构，回流器通道内壁上设有回流叶片，回流叶片成串列或单列均匀分布，从而将来自扩压流道内的气体均匀地导流。
4.本发明的一体化结构，回流叶片的外侧边缘与回流流道的内壁固定连接，并且回流叶片与回流流道的内壁相接触位置的切线，与相应位置回流流道内壁的切线之间形成叶片安装角，叶片安装角在10-80°之间；这种结构设计，可使回流叶片的叶片安装角与气流的实际流动角较为一致，从而减小冲击损失。
5.本发明的一体化结构，对于某些对气流均匀性要求较高的机型，如热泵或冰蓄冷机组，为了保证在制热或冰蓄冷工况亦达到较高的性能，在扩压流道内部还设置有扩压叶片，扩压叶片能够对进入到扩压流道内的气流进行初步导流，然后输入到回流流道中在进行二次导流，从而进一步提高气流的均匀性。
6.本发明的一体化结构，扩压叶片的宽度不大于与其相对以将气体送入扩压流道的叶轮的宽度，从而能够防止气体回流，保证流动的收敛性。
7.本发明还提供一种离心压缩机，包括主轴、叶轮、扩压器盖板以及如上任一项所述的一体化结构，由于采用了上述的一体化结构，因而具有因采用上述一体化结构所带来的一切优点。
8.本发明的离心压缩机至少为两级，且前一级的回流器部分与后一级的二级叶轮之间具有容纳空间，容纳空间与补气通道连通，补气通道用于向容纳空间补充气体，从而提高压缩效率；另外，当用于制冷设备时，气体经压缩升压后，气温较高，此时补气通道与膨胀阀连通，将一部分经膨胀阀膨胀后的低温气体输入容纳空间，不仅起到补气作用，还起到降温作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明现有技术或本发明具体实施方式中的技术方案，下面对现有技术或具体实施方式描述中所使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明回流器与扩压器一体化结构的结构示意图。
图2是回流叶片在回流流道内成串列分布时的结构示意图。
图3是回流叶片在回流流道内成单列分布时的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的一体化结构在主轴上安装后的剖面图。
图5是一级扩压叶片在扩压流道内分布的结构示意图。
图6是二级扩压叶片在扩压流道内分布的结构示意图。
图7是设置有一级扩压叶片和二级扩压叶片的一体化结构在主轴上安装后的剖面图。
附图标记：1-扩压器部分，10-扩压流道，13-扩压叶片，2-回流器部分，20-回流流道，21-进口，22-出口，23-回流叶片，4-扩压器盖板，5-容纳空间，6-补气通道，7-二级叶轮，8-二级扩压流道，9-二级扩压器盖板。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本发明的技术方案进行描述，显然，下述的实施例不是本发明全部的实施例。基于本发明所描述的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出其他创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构，如图1所示，包括扩压器部分1和与扩压器部分1一体成型的回流器部分2，扩压器部分1用于形成扩压流道10，回流器部分2具有回流流道20，回流流道20与扩压流道10连通，用于对来自扩压流道10的气体进行导流。
本实施例的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，扩压器部分1和回流器部分2一体化成为一个零部件，不再是现有技术中通过螺钉销钉或焊接等方式将单独的扩压器和单独的回流器二次连接成一体的结构形式，由于进行了这样的设计，本实施例的一体化结构不仅无需单独装配回流器与扩压器，而且消除了因装配产生的连接缝隙，以及因累积误差导致的错位等，从而使得气体能够很顺畅地由扩压流道10流入回流流道20，能量损失小；回流器部分2与扩压器部分1一体化设计后，回流叶片23单独地设置在回流流道20内，不用再与扩压器连接，消除了现有技术中回流叶片23末端与扩压器之间存在缝隙导致漏气的问题，也就不会出现一部分气流从缝隙处漏气后，躲过回流器的导流作用，并对经回流器导流后的气体造成影响的现象，因而本发明的一体化结构用于离心压缩机时，还能提高导流效果，使气流均匀性更好。本实施例中，扩压器部分1和回流器部分2通过铸造一体成型。
如图2-4所示，回流流道20具有进口21和出口22，且进口21的宽度a≤出口22的宽度b，由于从扩压流道10进入到回流流道20内的气体是流速较大的不稳定流，流动损失较大，设计进口21的宽度a≤出口22的宽度b，可以使回流流道20起到一定的扩压作用，降低流速，提高气体流动的稳定性。考虑到回流流道20内表面的粗糙度较大，进一步设计出口22的宽度b不超过进口21的宽度a的四倍，可以保证气体顺利流过回流流道；本实施例中，进口21的宽度a为出口宽度b的4/5。
回流流道20的一侧竖直，另一侧沿进口21至出口22方向逐渐向外张开，且另一侧与竖直方向之间的夹角为β，并且0≤β≤45°，这种设计结构，可以引导气体向着设定的一侧流动，提高导流效果。
回流流道20内壁上设有回流叶片23，如图2所示，回流叶片23成串列均匀分布，并且回流叶片23的厚度为5-40mm，数量为3-50；对一些对 于气流均匀性要求较低的普通机型，也可采用单列均匀分布形式，如图3所示。
回流叶片23的外侧边缘与回流流道20的内壁固定连接，并且回流叶片23与回流流道20的内壁相接触位置的切线，与相应位置回流流道20内壁的切线之间形成叶片安装角α，叶片安装角α为10°～80°。这种结构设计，可使回流叶片23的叶片安装角α与气流的实际流动角较为一致，从而减小冲击损失。
如图5-7所示，还包括扩压叶片13，设置在扩压流道10内部，扩压叶片13还可以设置在回流器部分2上。扩压叶片13能够对进入到扩压流道10内的气流进行初步导流，然后输入到回流流道20中在进行二次导流，从而进一步提高气流的均匀性。另外，扩压叶片13还可以设置在用于与扩压器部分1形成扩压流道的扩压盖板4上。
扩压叶片13的宽度不大于与其相对以将气体送入扩压流道10的叶轮3的宽度。如图7中，c为一级扩压叶片13的厚度，d为二级扩压叶片13的厚度，一级扩压叶片13的厚度小于图1中叶轮3的厚度B1，二级扩压叶片13小于图1中二级叶轮7的厚度B2，从而能够防止气体回流，保证流动的收敛性。
本实施例的一体化结构，不仅可用于二级离心压缩机，还可用于三级或三级以上的离心压缩机。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种离心压缩机，包括主轴，安装在主轴上的叶轮3，和扩压器盖板4，还包括如实施例1中的一体化结构；扩压器盖板4与扩压器部分1相对以形成扩压流道10。
本实施例的离心压缩机，由于采用了上述的一体化结构，因而具有因采用上述一体化结构所带来的一切优点。
离心压缩机为两级，前一级的回流器部分2与后一级的二级叶轮7之间具有容纳空间5，容纳空间5与补气通道6连通，补气通道6用于向容纳空间5补充气体，从而提高压缩效率。
两级离心压缩机的工作过程为：主轴带动叶轮3转动，将气体甩入由扩压器盖板4和扩压器部分1形成的扩压流道10中，气体从扩压流道10进经回流流道20进入到容纳空间5位置，二级叶轮7同样被主轴带动转动，将位于容纳空间5内的气体进一步甩入由二级扩压器盖板9和一体化结构形成的二级扩压流道8中，从而进一步提升气体压力。
作为一种优选方案，当本实施例的离心压缩机用于制冷设备时，补气通道6与膨胀阀连通，用于将经膨胀阀膨胀后的一部分制冷剂输入到容纳空间5内以降温和补气，不仅起到补气作用，还起到降温作用。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：包括扩压器部分(1)和与所述扩压器部分(1)一体成型的回流器部分(2)，所述扩压器部分(1)用于形成扩压流道(10)，所述回流器部分(2)具有回流流道(20)，所述回流流道(20)与所述扩压流道(10)连通，用于对来自所述扩压流道(10)的气体进行导流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述扩压器部分(1)和所述回流器部分(2)通过铸造一体成型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述回流流道(20)具有进口(21)和出口(22)，且所述进口(21)的宽度a≤所述出口(22)的宽度b。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述出口(22)的宽度b不超过所述进口(21)的宽度a的四倍。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述回流流道(20)的一侧竖直，另一侧沿所述进口(21)至所述出口(22)方向逐渐向外张开，且所述另一侧与竖直方向之间的夹角为β，并且0≤β≤45°。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述回流流道(20)内壁上设有回流叶片(23)，所述回流叶片(23)成串列或单列均匀分布。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：所述回流叶片(23)的外侧边缘与所述回流流道(20)的内壁固定连接，并且所述回流叶片(23)与所述回流流道(20)的内壁相接触位置的切线，与相应位置所述回流流道(20)内壁的切线之间形成叶片安装角α，所述叶片安装角α为10°～80°。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于：还包括扩压叶片(13)，设置在所述扩压流道(10)内部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构，其特征在于： 所述扩压叶片(13)的宽度不大于与其相对以将气体送入所述扩压流道(10)的叶轮(3)的宽度。
  10. 一种离心压缩机，包括主轴，安装在所述主轴上的叶轮(3)，和扩压器盖板(4)，其特征在于：还包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的回流器与扩压器一体化结构；所述扩压器盖板(4)与所述扩压器部分(1)相对以形成所述扩压流道(10)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的离心压缩机，其特征在于：所述离心压缩机至少为两级，前一级的回流器部分(2)与后一级的二级叶轮(7)之间具有容纳空间(5)，所述容纳空间(5)与补气通道(6)连通，所述补气通道(6)用于向所述容纳空间(5)补充气体。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的离心压缩机，其特征在于：所述补气通道(6)与膨胀阀连通，用于将经所述膨胀阀膨胀后的一部分制冷剂输入到所述容纳空间(5)内以降温和补气。
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