WO2018032853A1 - Fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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WO2018032853A1
WO2018032853A1 PCT/CN2017/085917 CN2017085917W WO2018032853A1 WO 2018032853 A1 WO2018032853 A1 WO 2018032853A1 CN 2017085917 W CN2017085917 W CN 2017085917W WO 2018032853 A1 WO2018032853 A1 WO 2018032853A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
cutting fluid
microemulsion
water
oil
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PCT/CN2017/085917
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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傅士超
吴龙铁
王凯华
吴桂勤
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南通科星化工有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/16—Antiseptic; (micro) biocidal or bactericidal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of metal processing, and specifically designs a microemulsion cutting fluid and a preparation process thereof.
  • Metal processing in the molding process requires different processes such as boring, drilling, tapping, grinding, cutting, etc.
  • Oil-based cutting fluids are oil-based materials with excellent lubricity, which are suitable for difficult cutting, tapping, drilling, extrusion, and processing, such as oils such as cutting oils and emulsified oils.
  • oils such as cutting oils and emulsified oils.
  • Such oily products consume a large amount of oil resources, and the strong pungent odor seriously affects the physical and mental health of the operators.
  • the viscous residue left by chemical synthesis affects the movement of machine parts and overlaps these parts.
  • the surface is rusted; it also produces a large amount of waste liquid, is not easy to settle, is difficult to handle, and has high wastewater treatment costs; water-based cutting fluid can be used for almost all light and medium-duty cutting operations and most heavy-duty processing, but it Poor lubricity, which will cause sticking and wear of moving parts of the machine.
  • emulsion type water-based cutting fluid can also be used for all grinding processes except for complex grinding such as thread grinding and grooved hemp.
  • the disadvantage is that the bacteria easily cause bacteria and mold to multiply, and the active ingredients in the emulsion are chemically decomposed and become odorous and deteriorated. In order to control its deterioration, it is necessary to add some bactericidal preservatives, and these bactericidal preservatives will be more and more to the operators. Harmful to the body and surrounding environment.
  • the present invention provides a microemulsion cutting fluid and a preparation process thereof, in view of the problems in the prior art that the cutting fluid oil product corrodes the processed parts and the heat transfer effect is poor and the aqueous product is decomposed and deteriorated.
  • Liquid carrier 35 parts - 50 parts of water, 8 parts - 15 parts of base oil;
  • Additives rust inhibitor 15 parts - 25 parts, lubricant 10 parts - 20 parts, non-ionic surfactant 5 parts - 8 parts, nano mold-proof fungicide 0.1 parts - 0.2 parts;
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid comprises the following components:
  • Liquid carrier 45 parts of water, 12 parts of base oil;
  • Additives 21 parts of rust inhibitor, 16 parts of lubricant, 6 parts of nonionic surfactant, 0.2 parts of nano mold-proof fungicide;
  • the rust inhibitor is a boric acid amine.
  • the borate amine is 2-aminoethanol borate.
  • the lubricant is a polyether lubricant.
  • the polyether lubricant is a higher fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
  • the nonionic surfactant is Span-80.
  • the nano mold-proof fungicide is an elemental metal nanoparticle.
  • the elemental metal nanoparticles are nano-silver particles.
  • the invention also provides a preparation process of the above microemulsion cutting fluid, comprising:
  • the aqueous phase system is prepared: under the continuous heating and stirring, a predetermined weight part of water is added to the container, and a predetermined weight part of the processing aid dissolved in the water phase is slowly added to fully dissolve;
  • Formulating the oil phase system under continuous stirring and heating, adding a predetermined weight part of the base oil and the additive and the processing aid dissolved in the oil phase in the reaction kettle, and mixing well;
  • Formulate the microemulsion system slowly add the prepared aqueous phase system to the oil under continuous stirring and heating. Phase system, fully mixed;
  • microemulsion cutting fluid of the invention has excellent heat transfer performance, good cleaning performance, reduces waste cutting fluid discharge, reduces pollution, and protects the environment and saves cost;
  • microemulsion cutting fluid of the invention has good lubricating performance and can prevent corrosion of metal parts
  • microemulsion cutting fluid of the invention has high separation speed of oil and water, and the microemulsion cutting fluid can remain clear and transparent after long-term use, without delamination and no precipitation;
  • microemulsion cutting fluid oil of the invention adopts nanometer anti-mold fungicide, has good anti-mildew and bactericidal effect, and the obtained finished product does not smell, is mildewed, and has a long service life;
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart showing the preparation process of the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention comprises the following components: a liquid carrier: 35 parts - 50 parts of water, 8 parts - 15 parts of a base oil; an additive: 15 parts - 25 parts of rust inhibitor, 10 parts - 20 parts of lubricant, Nonionic surfactant 5 parts - 8 parts, nano mold-proof fungicide 0.1 parts - 0.2 parts; and processing aids. Need It should be noted that the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention belongs to a semi-synthetic cutting fluid, which uses water and a base oil as a liquid carrier, respectively, a processing aid which is first dissolved in the aqueous phase and an additive and a processing which are subsequently dissolved in the oil phase.
  • the microemulsion is an O/W type translucent or transparent dispersion having a bead radius in the range of from 10 to 100 nm.
  • a nonionic surfactant is added, the tension at the water-oil interface is greatly reduced.
  • the water-oil interface and liquid dispersion increase, and the system tends to balance, eventually forming micro The emulsion, the dispersed phase particles do not coalesce and stratify, becoming a thermodynamically stable system.
  • the liquid carrier used in the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention is water and a base oil, respectively forming an aqueous phase and an oil phase.
  • the present invention employs 35 parts to 50 parts of water and 8 parts to 15 parts of base oil. More specifically, the present invention employs 45 parts of water and 12 parts of base oil.
  • Water has a high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, which can remove the heat of cutting heat from the solid (tool, workpiece and chip) through the convective heat transfer and gasification of the cutting fluid, reduce the temperature of the cutting zone, reduce the deformation of the workpiece, and maintain the hardness of the tool. And size.
  • the base oil is mainly used for its lubricating action, and is also a carrier for oil-soluble additives and processing aids, and it may be a mineral oil or a synthetic oil, preferably a naphthenic base oil.
  • the additive used in the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention comprises: rust inhibitor 15 parts - 25 parts, lubricant 10 parts - 20 parts, non-ionic surfactant 5 parts - 8 parts, nano mold-proof fungicide 0.1 Servings - 0.2 parts. More specifically, the additive used in the microemulsion cutting liquid of the present invention comprises: 21 parts of a rust preventive agent, 16 parts of a lubricant, 6 parts of a nonionic surfactant, and 0.2 part of a nano mold-proof fungicide.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention employs an oil-soluble rust inhibitor, for example, 15 parts to 25 parts, preferably 21 parts of a rust inhibitor.
  • the rust inhibitor includes a water-soluble rust inhibitor and an oil-melting rust inhibitor, and the water-soluble additive may be used, benzotriazole, boric acid, triethanolamine, phosphate, chromate, phytic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium molybdate And anhydrous sodium carbonate and the like.
  • the oil-soluble rust inhibitor mainly includes a sulfonate, a high molecular carboxylic acid and a metal soap salt thereof, an ester alcohol, an amine, a phosphate, and the like.
  • the rust preventive agent used in the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention is a boric acid amine, preferably a 2-aminoethanol borate. These rust inhibitors can be adsorbed on the metal surface to form an adsorption film. The metal surface is isolated from the water and oxygen medium, and the rust prevention effect is prayed. It should be pointed out that after adding the rust inhibitor, it is necessary to adjust the pH value of the liquid phase system, for example, the pH value can be maintained between 8.0 and 8.5, which is beneficial to improving the anti-rust effect of the cutting fluid on the ferrous metal and prolonging its service life. .
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention employs 10 parts to 20 parts, preferably 16 parts of a lubricant.
  • Lubricants may be mineral lubricants and synthetic lubricants, including synthetic silicone oils, silicates, phosphates, fluoro oils, ester oils, and synthetic hydrocarbon oils.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention employs a polyether lubricant, preferably a higher fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The lubricant can penetrate into the chip-tool interface and the tool-workpiece interface in time to form a lubricating film on the chip, workpiece and tool surface, reducing the friction coefficient and reducing the cutting resistance.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant of 5 parts to 8 parts, preferably 6 parts of a nonionic surfactant. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the high refinement of the dispersed phase in the microemulsion and the stability of the system are achieved by the action of wetting, dispersing, emulsifying, solubilizing, etc. of the nonionic surfactant. In theory, as long as the type and amount of nonionic surfactants are appropriate, any oil-water system can be converted into a microemulsion system. The key is the determination of the type and amount of nonionic surfactants, as long as the nature of the oil and water phases The type and amount of nonionic surfactants must change.
  • Nonionic surfactants are key substances for emulsifying oil and water and are generally classified into three types: cationic nonionic surfactants, anionic nonionic surfactants, and nonionic surfactants.
  • Nonionic surfactants are not ionized in water, and their hydrophilic groups are mainly composed of a certain number of oxygen-containing groups (generally ether groups and hydroxyl groups), which are not easily affected by the presence of strong electrolyte inorganic salts, and are not susceptible to The effect of acid and alkali is compatible with other types of nonionic surfactants and can be well mixed.
  • Typical nonionic surfactants include fatty acid glycerides, such as glyceryl monostearate, which have an HLB of from 3 to 4, mainly used as a W/O emulsion auxiliary emulsifier; polyols such as sucrose esters, its HLB 5 to 13, mainly used as O/W emulsifier, dispersant; fatty acid sorbitan (Span), main Used as W/O emulsifier; polysorbate (Tween), mainly used as O/W emulsifier; polyoxyethylene type, such as Myrij (selling Zedong, long-chain fatty acid ester) and Brij (fatty alcohol ester) Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymers, such as Poloxamer, can withstand autoclaving and cryogenic freezing, emulsifiers for intravenous emulsions.
  • fatty acid glycerides such as glyceryl monostearate, which have an HLB of from 3 to 4, mainly
  • the nonionic surfactant is a nonionic surfactant, preferably using a disc-80. Due to the participation of a large amount of nonionic surfactants, the penetration and cleaning ability of the microemulsion is greatly enhanced compared with the emulsion, which is beneficial to maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge and the grinding wheel and the cleanness of the machined surface, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and Precision. At the same time, in the metal cutting process, chips, iron powder, abrasive chips, oil stains, gravel, etc. often adhere to the surface and gaps of the workpiece, the tool or the grinding wheel, contaminate the machine tool and the workpiece, and are difficult to clean. It is the cutting edge of the tool or the grinding wheel. It becomes dull, and the addition of a nonionic surfactant can better clean the processing interface.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention is used in an amount of 0.1 part by mass to 0.2 part by mass, preferably 0.2 part by weight. Since the microemulsion cutting fluid contains microbial organic nutrients such as mineral oil, fatty acid soap, amine, sulfonate, etc., inorganic nutrients such as Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, PO43-, SO42-, Cl- and the like are diluted with water, and in use. Mix various lubricants and microorganisms. Therefore, during use, the microemulsion is prone to spoilage and poor biostability. In the development stage of microemulsion cutting fluid, it is necessary to screen suitable antibacterial and antifungal agents to improve their service life.
  • microbial organic nutrients such as mineral oil, fatty acid soap, amine, sulfonate, etc.
  • inorganic nutrients such as Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, PO43-, SO42-, Cl- and the like are diluted with water, and in use.
  • the present invention employs an antifungal antibacterial agent in the form of nanoparticles.
  • the nano anti-mold antibacterial agent of the present invention is an elemental metal nanoparticle such as nano silver particles, nano gold particles and nano copper particles, preferably nano silver particles.
  • the elemental metal nanoparticles have multiple antibacterial functions such as antibacterial and deodorizing, and can effectively inhibit the bacteria; at the same time, it can resist corrosion and resist mold growth.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention further includes processing aids which enhance the cooling, lubrication, rust prevention and cleaning effects of the microemulsion cutting fluid.
  • processing aids which enhance the cooling, lubrication, rust prevention and cleaning effects of the microemulsion cutting fluid.
  • They include oily agents, coupling agents, Extreme pressure agent, defoamer, pH adjuster, metal ion masking agent, etc.
  • the oily agent may be selected from the group consisting of oils and fats, fatty acids (such as oleic acid), higher alcohols (such as stearyl alcohol), and esters (such as fatty acid esters).
  • the oily agent enhances the lubrication of the cutting fluid and reduces the friction between the tool-chip and the tool-surface.
  • the extreme pressure agent can be selected from organometallic compounds such as molybdenum compounds, borides, thiophosphonates, etc., and organic phosphate esters are also good extreme pressure agents. It may react with the metal surface in contact to form a high melting inorganic film to prevent sintering, chipping, scratching or scratching under high load.
  • the coupling agent may be selected from the group consisting of silanes, titanates, aluminates, and acidified polyolefin organics. It can be used to treat the surface of inorganic fillers and reinforcing agents to have good affinity with the polymer to improve the processing properties of the filler and enhance the modification and the physical and mechanical properties of the article.
  • a coupling agent is a compound having an amphoteric structure, a part of a group of molecules can react with a chemical group on the surface of an inorganic substance to form a strong chemical bond, and another part of the group has an organophilic property, which can react with a polymer molecule or physical. Winding, so that two types of materials with different properties are tightly combined.
  • the antifoaming agent may be an emulsified silicone oil, a higher alcohol or the like. After the addition of the nonionic surfactant, excessive foam may be generated, which affects the cutting effect. Since the inside of the foam is air, the thermal conductivity of the air is relatively poor, which may impair the cooling effect. The defoamer prevents excessive foaming and enhances the cooling of the cutting fluid.
  • the pH adjuster is used to adjust the pH of the system. Since the pH value of the system should be kept between 8 and 10, the pH value is too low, and it is easy to breed bacteria and mildew; if the pH value is too high, the metal corrosion will be severe.
  • Common pH adjusting agents include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, monoethanolamine, and diethanolamine.
  • the metal ion masking agent can complex metal ions such as calcium and magnesium in water. Metal ions carried in the water can contaminate the cutting fluid, reducing its wear resistance and extreme pressure performance.
  • the components of the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention have multiple functions.
  • some components are both nonionic surfactants and rust inhibitors; some components are both rust inhibitors and lubricants; some components have various functions such as cleaning, rust prevention, and lubrication; Some components can better mask aluminum ions, and at the same time have better extreme pressure and abrasion resistance.
  • the cutting fluid is a complex mixing system, it contains base oil, water, nonionic surfactant, rust inhibitor, lubricant, Various components such as anti-mold and antibacterial agents.
  • the key indicators such as stability, rust resistance, lubricity and extreme pressure of the microemulsion cutting fluid interact with each other.
  • the system must be re-adjusted regardless of which component is added or subtracted. After the destruction of the stable microemulsion system, the stability of the microemulsion system is deteriorated, and the microemulsion system is not obtained at all. The amount and amount of other substances that a stable microemulsion can hold is limited. This means that the additives and processing aids of the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention need to be repeatedly formulated on the basis of testing physical and chemical properties to obtain a microemulsion cutting fluid having a good cutting function.
  • the preparation process of the microemulsion cutting fluid of the invention comprises:
  • S1 preparing an aqueous phase system, continuously heating and stirring, adding a predetermined weight of water to the container, slowly adding a predetermined weight part of the processing aid dissolved in the aqueous phase, and fully dissolving;
  • Cutting fluid is an industrial liquid used in metal cutting, cutting and grinding processes to cool and lubricate tools and workpieces. It has the functions of cooling, lubrication, rust prevention and cleaning. The functional effects of the cutting fluid are different depending on the object to be cut.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid of the present invention is used for cutting various metal parts such as ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, and should have good corrosion resistance for various metals, and the micro-milk cutting fluid should be added to the response of various metals. Corrosion agent.
  • rust prevention performance of the cutting fluid is high, more rust inhibitor should be added to the microemulsion cutting fluid. Further, if the anti-wear performance of the cutting fluid is high, more oily agent should be added to the microemulsion cutting fluid. It should be noted that when adding the components intensively, it is necessary to prevent the excessive side effects caused by the excessive addition of the corresponding additives or processing aids. Low side effects. For example, for cutting fluids that require high cleaning and lubrication, a relatively large amount of nonionic surfactant may be added, but to prevent excessive foaming, a defoaming agent is added to prevent excessive foaming. . Otherwise, not only will the cleaning and lubrication of the microemulsion cutting fluid be reduced, but also the cooling effect will be impaired.
  • S1 Prepare an aqueous phase system, continuously heat and stir, add a predetermined weight of water to the vessel, and slowly add a predetermined amount of a processing aid dissolved in the aqueous phase to dissolve sufficiently.
  • a processing aid dissolved in the aqueous phase water can dissolve the processing aid under heating and stirring conditions.
  • stirring is started, and the temperature is raised to 65 to 75 ° C, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes. The solubility of water at this temperature is improved, and processing aids such as inorganic salts and coupling agents dissolved in the aqueous phase can be added.
  • the coupling agent is an alcohol which is soluble in water according to similar compatibility principles.
  • the coupling agent is a compound having an amphoteric structure, and the hydroxyl group in the molecule can combine with water to form a hydrogen bond; the hydrocarbon group in the molecule has an organophilic property, and can react with or physically entangle with the organic molecule, ie, the oil phase substance, thereby It is tightly combined with the oil phase to promote the subsequent preparation of the microemulsion system. It should be noted that the temperature at which the aqueous phase is heated should not be too high or too low.
  • Too low a temperature will result in insufficient coupling of processing aids such as coupling agents with water; too high temperatures may cause deterioration of processing aids.
  • the agitation can promote the uniform dissolution of the solute in the water and increase the reaction surface with the water. After forming a stable and uniform aqueous phase, it is allowed to stand for later use.
  • the oil phase system is prepared, and under constant stirring and heating, a predetermined weight part of the base oil and the additive and a processing aid dissolved in the oil phase are sequentially added to the reaction vessel, and uniformly mixed.
  • the base oil acts as a carrier for the oil phase and at the same time acts to lubricate the antiwear.
  • a predetermined weight part of the base oil is sequentially added to the reaction vessel, at which time the solubility of the oil phase is improved, and more organic matter is soluble in accordance with the principle of similar compatibility.
  • a nonionic surfactant, a lubricant, a rust preventive, and a nano mold-proof fungicide are sequentially added.
  • the oil is dispersed in water as a fine oil droplet, and the emulsion is a translucent liquid (the diameter of the oil droplet is 0.05 to 0.1 ⁇ m) or milky white liquid (when the oil droplet diameter is 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m).
  • an emulsified nonionic surfactant should be added to the liquid.
  • Nonionic surfactants are a class of materials that significantly reduce the surface tension of the surface even at very low concentrations. It reduces the surface tension of the oil phase and increases the affinity of the oil phase.
  • hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of the molecular structure are at the opposite ends of the same molecular fragment or group and are linked by chemical bonds, giving the particular molecule a hydrophilic and lipophilic character.
  • nonionic surfactants increase the emulsifying ability between the components, allowing them to mix more effectively with each other.
  • the oil phase and the nonionic surfactant After the addition of the oil phase and the nonionic surfactant, the emulsification ability and the affinity ability of the entire oil phase system are enhanced, and the oil phase system is gradually stabilized. Then, a lubricant and a rust inhibitor can be added.
  • the outer phase of the oil-in-water microemulsion is water, and the oil content is low, so its cooling property and fluidity are close to water, easy to rust, poor lubricity, and a lubricant can be added to enhance the wear resistance of the oil phase.
  • Rust inhibitor is a super-efficient synthetic penetrant that penetrates into rust, corrosives and oils to easily remove rust and corrosion from workpieces and chips. It has osmotic rust, loose lubrication and corrosion resistance. , protection of metal and other properties.
  • a lubricating film can be formed and stored on the surface of the part to suppress corrosion caused by moisture and many other chemical components.
  • the elemental metal nanoparticles are nano silver, which is a metal silver single element particle having a particle size of nanometer order.
  • the elemental metal particle has a radius of 100 nm or less and the property is between the body and the atom.
  • Elemental metal nanoparticles typically include nano-silver particles, nano-gold particles, and nano-copper particles.
  • the elemental metal nanoparticles used in the nanometer mold-proofing agent are nano-silver particles.
  • the particle size of the nano silver particles is mostly around 25 nm.
  • the properties of nanosilver particles are directly related to their particle size. Studies have found that the smaller the particle size, the stronger the germicidal performance.
  • a processing aid dissolved in the oil phase can be added, for example, it can be added.
  • An extreme pressure agent may also be added, which is a compound containing elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, molybdenum, chlorine, etc., which chemically react with a metal surface at a high temperature to form a chemical adsorption film.
  • Extreme pressure agents can be added to improve the performance of the product, reduce the cutting resistance, improve the cutting efficiency, and solve the impact on the anti-rust performance after the introduction of the extreme pressure additive, and improve the storage stability of the product, especially the low temperature stability.
  • Extreme pressure agents may be used, including chlorinated paraffin, sulfurized fatty oil, sulfur chloride cottonseed oil, dibutyl phosphite, triethyl phosphate, ZDDP, and the like.
  • the pH adjuster, antifoaming agent and corrosion inhibitor are not large, the effect is not small, and can be added as needed.
  • the sensory properties such as odor, color, transparency, viscosity, etc., although it has no effect on the performance of the product, it is necessary for commercial needs. Deploying according to market demand. The prepared oil phase system is allowed to stand for later use.
  • S3 The microemulsion system is prepared, and the prepared aqueous phase system is slowly added to the oil phase system under continuous stirring and heating, and fully mixed. In the above two steps, the aqueous phase and the oil phase are separately prepared, and then the two phases are uniformly mixed. It should be pointed out that for the weight parts and types of the components set in S1, it is necessary to repeatedly prepare, adjust the formula, and perform multiple physical and chemical performance tests. If the performance is not enough, the formula is adjusted until it is qualified; in this way, the next test project is completed, and it is known that all the performance tests are passed.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid prepared after mixing can be tested for extreme pressure, emulsion stability, 5% dilution pH, defoaming, rust resistance, water hardness and appearance. These properties can be tested and adjusted. For example, the hardness of the microemulsion cutting fluid can be tested first. If the water hardness is too high, the cutting fluid contains too much magnesium and calcium ions, which will affect the cutting effect. At this time, a metal ion masking agent can be added to mask the impurity ions to reduce the water hardness of the cutting fluid. For example, the defoaming properties of the microemulsion cutting fluid can also be tested.
  • an antifoaming agent may be added to eliminate excess foam generated to prevent excessive foam from affecting the heat transfer performance of the cutting fluid.
  • severe rust test can be carried out, and at least two rust test methods can be performed.
  • the amount and amount of other substances that a well-stabilized microemulsion can accommodate is limited, which limits A study of the effects of a single component. To get a better performance formula, you need to have a deep understanding of the specific system. In this way, after many tests and redistribution, a microemulsion cutting fluid with good performance and appearance can be obtained.
  • the stabilized microemulsion system is obtained by allowing the microemulsion cutting fluid prepared by the type and weight of each component to stand.
  • the final preparation of the microemulsion cutting fluid solution in the embodiment of the present invention should be a brown transparent uniform oily liquid without delamination and no precipitation.
  • the liquid carrier is: 45 parts of water, 6 parts of base oil is used;
  • the additive: rust inhibitor is 21 parts of 2-aminoethanol borate, and the lubricant is 16 a high-fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, a nano-anti-mold antibacterial agent using 0.1 parts of nano-silver particles, and a non-ionic surfactant using 6 parts of a disc-80;
  • the maximum no-bite load value PB of the microemulsion cutting fluid was determined to be 82 kg and the sintering load value PD was 124 kg using GB-T 3142 parts 1982 lubricant bearing capacity measurement method (four-ball method).
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid does not rust during use. After one year of continuous use, the microemulsion cutting fluid is still clear and transparent, and no mildew has occurred, and it can be used continuously.
  • the liquid carrier is: 42 parts of water is used, 10 parts of base oil is used; the additive: rust inhibitor is 23 parts of 2-aminoethanol borate, and the lubricant is 18 a high-fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, a nanometer anti-mold antibacterial agent using 0.2 parts of nano-silver particles, and a non-ionic surfactant using 5 parts of Span-80;
  • the maximum no-bite load value PB of the microemulsion cutting fluid was determined to be 80 kg and the sintering load value PD was 122 kg using GB-T 3142 parts 1982 lubricant bearing capacity measuring method (four-ball method).
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid does not rust during use. After one year of continuous use, the microemulsion cutting fluid is still clear and transparent, and no mildew has occurred, and it can be used continuously.
  • the liquid carrier is: 38 parts of water is used, 15 parts of base oil is used;
  • the additive is 25 parts of 2-aminoethanol borate, and the lubricant is 12 a high-fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, a nano-anti-mold antibacterial agent using 0.1 parts of nano-silver particles, and a non-ionic surfactant using 8 parts of a disc-80;
  • the maximum no-bite load value PB of the microemulsion cutting fluid was determined to be 82 kg and the sintering load value PD was 124 kg using GB-T 3142 parts 1982 lubricant bearing capacity measurement method (four-ball method).
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid does not rust during use. After one year of continuous use, the microemulsion cutting fluid is still clear and transparent, and no mildew has occurred, and it can be used continuously.
  • the liquid carrier is: 35 parts of water is used, 15 parts of base oil is used; the additive: rust inhibitor is 18 parts of 2-aminoethanol borate, and the lubricant is 13
  • the high-fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the nano anti-mold antibacterial agent uses 0.1 parts of nano silver particles, and the non-ionic surfactant uses 5 parts of the disc-80;
  • microemulsion cutting fluid Determination of microemulsion by GB-T 3142 parts 1982 lubricant load capacity measurement method (four-ball method)
  • the maximum no-bite load value PB of the cutting fluid was 90 kg
  • the sintering load value PD was 128 kg.
  • the microemulsion cutting fluid does not rust during use. After one year of continuous use, the microemulsion cutting fluid is still clear and transparent, and no mildew has occurred, and it can be used continuously.
  • the applicant has found through long-term research that after dissolving the amide in water, it will absorb water molecules and hydrate the groups of the cross-linked polymer, dissociate a large amount of cations, and make the cations move relatively freely, and dissociate.
  • the polymer ions are in a relatively static state, and there is a strong electrostatic repulsion between the two, which can cause the polymer chain to stretch and eventually cause the entire network structure to expand in space, and the water molecules and the network structure are dissociated.
  • Ionic hydration, hydration constitutes an environment different from free water, and there is a strong osmotic pressure inside and outside the environment, which improves the structure of ordinary water, and cooperates with other components to obtain lubricity and extreme pressure of the cutting fluid. Excellent performance, good metal chip sedimentation, and good separation of oil and water.
  • microemulsion cutting fluid provided by the present invention and the preparation process thereof are described in detail above.
  • the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It is to be noted that a number of modifications and variations of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention. Such modifications and modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion et son procédé de préparation. Le fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion comprend : des supports en phase liquide : 35 à 50 parties d'eau et 8 à 15 parties d'huile de base; des additifs : 15 à 25 parties d'un agent antirouille, 10 à 20 parties d'un lubrifiant, 5 à 8 parties d'un tensioactif non ionique, et 0,1 à 0,2 partie d'un bactéricide anti-mildiou nanométrique; et des auxiliaires de traitement. Le procédé de préparation du fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion comprend les étapes consistant à : dissoudre des auxiliaires de traitement qui sont solubles dans la phase aqueuse dans de l'eau pour former un système en phase aqueuse; mélanger de l'huile de base et des additifs, ainsi que des auxiliaires de traitement qui sont solubles dans la phase huileuse pour former un système de phase huileuse; et à ajouter lentement le système de phase aqueuse préparé dans le système de phase huileuse, à mélanger bien les deux systèmes, puis à laisser reposer le mélange pour obtenir un produit fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion finie. Le fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion présente une excellente propriété de transfert de chaleur et une bonne propriété de lubrification, n'est pas susceptible d'être broyé, précipité et stratifié, et réduit la pollution de l'environnement. De plus, le procédé de préparation est simple et pratique, a de faibles coûts, et réduit les procédures et les coûts de production.
PCT/CN2017/085917 2016-08-17 2017-05-25 Fluide de coupe de micro-émulsion et son procédé de préparation WO2018032853A1 (fr)

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CN113088369A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-09 中山市乾润精密钢球制造有限公司 一种钢球研磨液及其制备方法
CN114517125A (zh) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-20 浙江东阳东磁稀土有限公司 等静压液体介质及钕铁硼磁体的制备方法
CN114644956A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-06-21 泰伦特生物工程股份有限公司 一种镝铁合金线切割液及其制备方法和使用方法
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WO2023283714A1 (fr) * 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 Bondmann Química Ltda Fluide d'usinage
CN115786026A (zh) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-14 潍坊奥润德新材料科技有限公司 一种可生物降解微乳化切削液及其制备方法和应用

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CN112481009B (zh) * 2020-11-11 2023-06-30 河南平高电气股份有限公司 一种铜铝铁材加工用微乳化切削液及其制备方法
CN114517125A (zh) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-20 浙江东阳东磁稀土有限公司 等静压液体介质及钕铁硼磁体的制备方法
CN113088369A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-09 中山市乾润精密钢球制造有限公司 一种钢球研磨液及其制备方法
WO2023283714A1 (fr) * 2021-07-13 2023-01-19 Bondmann Química Ltda Fluide d'usinage
CN114644956A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-06-21 泰伦特生物工程股份有限公司 一种镝铁合金线切割液及其制备方法和使用方法
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CN115786026B (zh) * 2022-11-30 2023-11-17 潍坊奥润德新材料科技有限公司 一种可生物降解微乳化切削液及其制备方法和应用

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