WO2016208074A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016208074A1 WO2016208074A1 PCT/JP2015/068558 JP2015068558W WO2016208074A1 WO 2016208074 A1 WO2016208074 A1 WO 2016208074A1 JP 2015068558 W JP2015068558 W JP 2015068558W WO 2016208074 A1 WO2016208074 A1 WO 2016208074A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode plate
- conversion device
- power conversion
- bus bar
- negative electrode
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
- H02G5/02—Open installations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
- H05K7/1422—Printed circuit boards receptacles, e.g. stacked structures, electronic circuit modules or box like frames
- H05K7/1427—Housings
- H05K7/1432—Housings specially adapted for power drive units or power converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
- H05K7/1422—Printed circuit boards receptacles, e.g. stacked structures, electronic circuit modules or box like frames
- H05K7/1427—Housings
- H05K7/1432—Housings specially adapted for power drive units or power converters
- H05K7/14329—Housings specially adapted for power drive units or power converters specially adapted for the configuration of power bus bars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-283093 (Patent Document 1) as background art in this technical field. This publication states that “suppresses the emission of electromagnetic noise in a high frequency band from the space between the back surface of the wiring board and the inner surface of the housing”.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-167462 describes that “a circuit board that achieves both miniaturization and suppression of malfunction due to mutual interference of elements, noise, etc.” is described.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a technique for preventing noise propagation by periodically arranging conductors without using a filter circuit element.
- the present invention provides a power converter having a wiring structure that suppresses noise propagation without using a filter circuit element that causes an increase in the volume of the device.
- the bus bar in a power conversion device including a bus bar that connects a cable connected to an external power source or load and an internal circuit, the bus bar has an electromagnetic bandgap structure to achieve power. Electromagnetic noise propagating from the converter to the power source or load via the cable is suppressed.
- a power converter that connects a cable connected to an external power source or a load and an internal circuit with a bus bar arranged in parallel with a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate.
- a pair of conductive plates connected to either the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the bus bar so that a part of the pair of conductive plates is not parallel to and in contact with each other did.
- EBG structure bus bar which reduces the common mode noise concerning Example 3 of this invention. It is CC arrow line view of the EBG structure bus bar which reduces the common mode noise concerning Example 3 of this invention. It is a front view of the EBG structure bus bar which mounts the circuit components concerning Example 4 of this invention. It is DD arrow line view of the EBG structure bus bar which mounts the circuit components concerning Example 4 of this invention. It is a front view of the EBG structure bus bar which implement
- the present invention provides a power conversion device that suppresses propagation of electromagnetic noise by providing a periodic conductor structure (Electromagnetic Band Gap structure) for reducing noise in a high-voltage bus bar wiring.
- a periodic conductor structure Electromagnetic Band Gap structure
- the present invention can provide a power conversion device with reduced low noise by providing a conductor periodic structure (Electromagnetic Band Gap structure) as a noise suppression structure in a bus bar connecting a circuit of a power conversion device such as an inverter or a converter. It is a thing. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a power conversion apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- an inverter that generates an AC voltage from a DC voltage is taken as an example.
- the inverter 101 generates a desired voltage or current by switching (switching on and off) a semiconductor element 102 such as an IGBT, MOSFET, or SiC.
- a semiconductor element 102 such as an IGBT, MOSFET, or SiC.
- the power source 103 a battery or an AC power source converted into a DC voltage by a converter is used.
- an inverter for driving a hybrid vehicle uses a high voltage battery of several hundred volts as the power source 103.
- a medical device such as an X-ray diagnostic device uses a commercial AC power supply, and therefore converts it into a DC power supply using a rectifier circuit or a converter.
- the power supply 103 and the inverter 101 are connected by a cable 104. Electromagnetic noise leakage from the cable 104 can be suppressed by using a shielded cable for the cable 104. Since the semiconductor element 102 generates a high-frequency switching current and voltage when switching, a smoothing capacitor 105 that supplies the switching current is generally used.
- the output of the inverter 101 is connected to the load 106 via the cable 108.
- the load 106 of the hybrid vehicle inverter 101 is a motor, and drives the motor by generating and applying a three-phase current.
- electromagnetic noise is generated by switching of the semiconductor element 102.
- the generated electromagnetic noise cannot be completely smoothed by the smoothing capacitor 105 but leaks through the bus bar (bus bar or bus bar) wiring to the power source 103 side or the load 106 side.
- the electromagnetic noise generated in this way becomes normal mode noise generated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply wiring.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are in phase with respect to GND such as the casing of the inverter 101, and the noise fluctuates between the wiring and the GND as common mode noise.
- EMC regulations place limits on the amount of electromagnetic noise generated by equipment and devices for the purpose of stable operation of electronic equipment. For example, in the case of an inverter for automobiles, it is confirmed that the amount of electromagnetic noise is not more than a specified value for a single device based on an international standard called CISPR25. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the amount of noise is not more than a specified value even when it is actually incorporated in an automobile.
- Noise evaluation methods are roughly classified into radiation noise and conduction noise. Radiated noise measures noise radiated from the device to the space with a test antenna, while conducted noise measures the amount of electromagnetic noise generated on the device power line using a LISN (pseudo power supply network) or current / voltage probe. taking measurement.
- the conduction noise is restricted only for the amount of noise of the power line connected to the 12V battery, but in the near future the CISPR standard will be revised and the conduction noise in the high-voltage wiring of the in-vehicle equipment. Will be regulated. That is, as described above, when electromagnetic noise generated by switching of the semiconductor element leaks to the outside of the inverter, it is necessary to set it to a regulation value or less.
- the power conversion device needs to reduce the leakage of electromagnetic noise generated by switching to the outside of the device below the regulation value.
- a feature of the present invention is that a noise suppression element based on the principle of EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) is provided on a bus bar provided as power input wiring for an inverter 101 that is a power conversion device.
- EBG Electromagnetic Band Gap
- the EBG structure bus bar 107 is formed by shaping a plate-like metal.
- As the material copper, aluminum, or the like having high conductivity is used so that the loss in the EBG bus bar 107 is reduced.
- the plate thickness is determined by the amount of current used by the application apparatus, but is generally several millimeters.
- the shape is a flat plate shape with a wide width, and the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is reduced to several mm or less to reduce the inductance. Moreover, there exists an advantage that heat dissipation improves by making it flat form.
- the bus bar wiring which has conventionally been formed of a parallel plate with two flat plates facing each other, is configured to include a noise propagation suppression element A201 and a noise propagation suppression element B202.
- the structure is provided with an EBG structure bus bar.
- the noise propagation suppression elements 201 and 202 are a set of L-shaped portions with members joined to each other (hereinafter referred to as L-shaped) opposed to each other in the opposite direction, and one end is a negative electrode plate.
- the other end side fixed to 204 and formed in an L shape is shaped like a comb, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the portion shaped like a comb is placed so as to overlap vertically. ing.
- the part formed in the comb-tooth shape which is the L-shaped facing surface, is not physically contacted by inserting a laminate sheet (not shown) for electrical insulation between them. did.
- the electromagnetic noise is centered around the frequency at which the capacitance formed by the L-shaped opposing surfaces of the noise propagation suppression element A201 and the noise propagation suppression element B202 and the inductance formed by the loop path through the negative electrode plate 204 resonate.
- the high-frequency energy is reduced by the noise propagation suppression elements 201 and 202, and a noise propagation suppression effect can be realized without using a filter for reducing high-frequency noise such as a capacitor and a magnetic core.
- the noise propagation suppressing elements 201 and 202 have L-shaped comb shapes so that they can be shaped by cutting and bending a metal flat plate. This can be applied to a high voltage / high current circuit that does not use a printed circuit board. Such a principle of noise propagation suppression is called EBG or High ⁇ impedance surface as described above.
- the noise propagation suppressing element and the positive electrode plate 203 or the negative electrode plate 204 may be connected by welding or the like.
- the L-shaped width and length of the noise propagation suppression element A201 and the noise propagation suppression element B202 are determined by the frequency of noise to be reduced.
- the L-shaped width of the noise propagation suppression element A201 and the noise propagation suppression element B202 is 12 mm, the length is 180 mm, and the gap is 0.1 mm, the parasitic capacitance is calculated to be 58 pF, the inductance is calculated to be 33 nH, and the resonance frequency Becomes about 110 MHz.
- the noise propagation suppressing elements 201 and 202 are not shaped by bending, but after a metal flat plate is processed into a comb-teeth shape, a metal block having a thickness corresponding to the bending height by the bending is sandwiched therebetween.
- the positive electrode plate 203 or the negative electrode plate 204 may be connected by welding or the like.
- FIG. 3 shows an electromagnetic field analysis result of the EBG structure bus bar for noise reduction according to the first embodiment.
- the high frequency attenuation amount was confirmed by analysis as a noise reduction effect of the EBG structure bus bar formed by the noise propagation suppression element A201 and the noise propagation suppression element B202 formed into the L shape having the dimensions shown in the above example.
- the external dimensions of the noise propagation suppressing element A201 and the noise propagation suppressing element B202 forming the EBG structure bus bar are 90 mm wide and 150 mm long, and the gap between the positive electrode plate 203 and the negative electrode plate 204 is 2 mm.
- the figure also shows the result when no noise suppression element such as an EBG bus bar is provided.
- the resonance frequency can be set by adjusting the shape dimensions of the noise propagation suppression elements 201 and 202.
- the frequency can be adjusted.
- the outer shape of the wiring shape of the EBG structure bus bar is generally determined by conditions such as the overall size, weight, and cost of the power conversion device (in the case of the inverter 101 in this embodiment). It is necessary to design the propagation suppression elements 201 and 202.
- the noise propagation suppression structure of the EBG structure bus bar provided with the noise propagation suppression elements 201 and 202 according to the present embodiment is effective in a high frequency band of several tens of MHz or more.
- the EBG structure bus bar including the noise propagation suppressing elements 201 and 202 according to the present embodiment is a structure that can be sufficiently designed even within a limited size.
- the EBG structure bus bar including the noise propagation suppressing elements 201 and 202 according to the present embodiment, a power conversion device that reduces the conduction noise of the power supply line without using an additional filter circuit element is provided. be able to.
- the inverter 101 that is a power converter When the inverter 101 that is a power converter is applied to a vehicle, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the entire inverter 101 is covered with a mold, the terminals connected to the cable 104 and the cable 108 are extended to the outside of the mold, and connected to the cable 104.
- the EBG structure bus bar 107 can be installed in the interior covered with the mold on the terminal side.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the EBG shown in FIG.
- a plurality of inverters 401 may be provided as in the structure bus bar 407.
- 5A and 5B show an example of an EBG structure bus bar for suppressing noise propagation having a function of realizing low inductance in the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, in this embodiment, a noise propagation suppressing element is provided and a structure for reducing the inductance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is provided.
- noise propagation suppression element 501 is a straight line without bending.
- the flat plate and the other (noise suppression element 502) are formed into an L shape, and the portion formed in the L shape is accommodated in the concave portion 5041 provided on the negative plate 504 side.
- Noise propagation suppression elements 501 and 502 can be provided between the positive electrode plate 503 and the negative electrode plate 504 without changing the gap distance between the plates 504.
- FIG. 6A and 6B show an example of an EBG structure bus bar for suppressing noise propagation having a function of suppressing common mode noise in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- Noise generated between the positive electrode plate 203 and the negative electrode plate 204 in the configuration as shown in FIG. 2A or between the positive electrode plate 503 and the negative electrode plate 504 in the configuration as shown in FIG. 5A is called normal mode noise.
- the noise voltages of the positive electrode plate 203 or 503 and the negative electrode plate 204 or 504 are reversed in polarity (reverse phase).
- the noise propagation suppression elements 201, 202, 501 and 502 shown in the first and second embodiments have a structure for suppressing the normal mode noise.
- the ground (GND) electrode (terminal) of the power conversion device is connected to the device housing using a braided wire or the like, and the device housing is set to the GND potential.
- the positive electrode plate 203 and the negative electrode plate 204 vary in phase with respect to the GND potential.
- noise in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode fluctuate in phase with respect to the GND potential is called common mode noise with respect to normal mode noise, and reduction is essential as in normal mode noise.
- common mode noise is generated in which the positive electrode plate 603 and the negative electrode plate 604 fluctuate in phase with respect to the GND plate 501 having the GND potential. Since normal mode noise propagates between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, as described in the first and second embodiments, the noise propagates between the positive electrode plate 203 and the negative electrode plate 204 or between the positive electrode plate 503 and the negative electrode plate 504. Suppressing elements 201, 202 or 501, 502 are provided. On the other hand, the common mode noise in the configuration as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B propagates between the positive electrode plate 603 or the negative electrode plate 604 and the GND plate 605, that is, the device housing.
- a GND plate 605 is provided so as to be close to the positive electrode plate 603 and the negative electrode plate 604, respectively, and one or each of the positive electrode plate 603 and the GND plate 605 and the negative electrode plate 604 and the GND plate 605 are provided.
- Noise propagation suppression elements 601 and 602 are provided.
- FIG. 7A and 7B show the configuration of a noise suppression element using circuit components in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the noise propagation suppression element resonates due to the parasitic capacitance and inductance between the individual opposing conductors, and the noise propagation is suppressed, so that the element size increases as the frequency decreases. Therefore, in order to adjust the resonance frequency to a low frequency or a desired frequency without increasing the size of the noise propagation suppressing element, a circuit component 705 such as a capacitor or an inductor is connected to the noise propagation suppressing elements 701 and 702 as shown in FIG. 7A. To be implemented.
- the problem that the use of a filter circuit element for suppressing noise propagation leads to an increase in the volume of the apparatus is described. Since it is provided in a place where a high voltage of several tens V to several hundreds V or more is provided between the plate and the negative electrode plate, or between the positive electrode plate and GND, or between the negative electrode plate and GND, the size increases due to the high breakdown voltage. Is a problem. However, in the structure described in this embodiment, since the circuit component for adjusting the resonance frequency is mounted between the noise suppression elements having the same potential, the withstand voltage may be as small as several volts to several tens of volts or less. Does not grow.
- the present embodiment it is possible to provide a power conversion device capable of suppressing noise propagation at a desired frequency without increasing the occupied volume in the device and without being limited to the noise frequency. Can do.
- the noise propagation suppressing elements 801 and 802 have different resonance frequencies by changing the size (length of the comb teeth) of each element (non-uniform). This makes it possible to obtain a noise suppression effect in a wider band.
- the noise propagation suppressing elements 801 and 802 are all linear or L-shaped combs. However, in order to increase the inductance, a part or the whole of the bus bar has a meander shape or a spiral shape. May be used.
- a high parasitic capacitance value can be obtained in a smaller area by providing a dielectric material between the noise propagation suppression elements 801 and 802. Can be obtained.
- the EBG structure bus bar is manufactured by cutting and bending a metal plate.
- the manufacturing method may be a printed circuit board process.
- a multilayer structure can be easily manufactured, and the control of the gap amount between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate can be realized with high accuracy.
- vias (holes) are formed in the positive electrode plate 703 and the negative electrode plate 704 at a position corresponding to the upper part of the portion where the circuit component 705 is mounted, so that the noise propagation suppressing element 701 of the circuit component 705 and Mounting to 702 becomes easy.
- a power conversion device with reduced electromagnetic noise can be provided.
- this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
以下に本発明の実施の形態を、図を用いて説明する。
Claims (13)
- 外部の電源又は負荷に接続するケーブルと内部の回路とを接続するバスバを備えた電力変換装置であって、前記バスバを電磁バンドギャップ構造とすることにより前記電力変換装置から前記ケーブルを介して前記電源又は負荷に伝搬する電磁ノイズを抑制することを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項1記載の電力変換装置であって、前記バスバは正極板と負極板とが平行に配置された構成を有し、前記電磁バンドギャップ構造を、前記正極板と負極板との間に2枚の導電板を接触せず一部が互いに平行に配置し、前記2枚の導電板の前記互いに平行に配置した部分以外の部分においてそれぞれ前記正極板又は前記負極板の何れか一方と接続して形成したことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項1記載の電力変換装置であって、前記バスバは正極板と負極板とが平行に配置された構成を有し、前記電磁バンドギャップ構造を、前記正極板と負極板との間に、一端が前記正極板又は前記負極板の何れか一方と接続し他端が櫛歯状に成形された一対の導電板を、前記櫛歯状に成形された部分を互いに対向させて間隔をあけて設置することにより形成したことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項3記載の電力変換装置であって、前記一対の導電板の前記櫛歯状に成形された部分の先端部分が他方の導電板とコンデンサまたはインダクタを挟んで接続されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項3記載の電力変換装置であって、前記他端が櫛歯状に成形された一対の導電板の前記櫛歯状に形成された櫛歯の長さ又は幅が不均一であることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項1記載の電力変換装置であって、前記バスバは正極板と負極板とが平行に配置されてその両側を1対のグランド電極板で挟んだ構成を有し、前記電磁バンドギャップ構造を、前記正極板と前記1対のうちの一方のグランド電極板との間に一端が前記正極板と接続し他端が櫛歯状に成形された一対の導電板を前記櫛歯状に成形された部分を互いに対向させて間隔をあけて設置し、前記負極板と前記1対のうちの他方のグランド電極板との間に一端が前記負極板と接続し他端が櫛歯状に成形された一対の導電板を前記櫛歯状に成形された部分を互いに対向させて間隔をあけて設置することにより形成したことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項1記載の電力変換装置であって、前記電力変換装置がインバータであることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項7記載の電力変換装置であって、電磁バンドギャップ構造としたバスバを、前記インバータの外部の電源に接続するケーブルと前記インバータの平滑コンデンサとの間に設けたことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項1記載の電力変換装置であって、前記電力変換装置がコンバータであることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 外部の電源又は負荷に接続するケーブルと内部の回路とを正極板と負極板と平行に配置して構成したバスバで接続する電力変換装置であって、前記バスバを構成する前記正極板と前記負極板との間に前記正極板又は前記負極板の何れかに接続された一対の導電板を、前記一対の導電板の一部が互いに平行で接触しないように配置したことを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項10記載の電力変換装置であって、前記一対の導電板の前記互いに平行で接触しないように配置した部分は、互いに櫛歯状に成形されており、前記櫛歯状に成形された部分を互いに対向させて間隔をあけて設置されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項11記載の電力変換装置であって、前記一対の導電板の前記櫛歯状に成形された部分の先端部分が他方の導電板とコンデンサまたはインダクタを挟んで接続されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
- 請求項11記載の電力変換装置であって、前記一対の導電板の前記櫛歯状の櫛歯の長さ又は幅が不均一であることを特徴とする電力変換装置。
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PCT/JP2015/068558 WO2016208074A1 (ja) | 2015-06-26 | 2015-06-26 | 電力変換装置 |
US15/315,658 US9991815B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2015-06-26 | Power conversion apparatus |
JP2016570137A JP6291599B2 (ja) | 2015-06-26 | 2015-06-26 | 電力変換装置 |
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2015
- 2015-06-26 US US15/315,658 patent/US9991815B2/en active Active
- 2015-06-26 JP JP2016570137A patent/JP6291599B2/ja active Active
- 2015-06-26 WO PCT/JP2015/068558 patent/WO2016208074A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2006295997A (ja) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-26 | Denso Corp | 電力変換装置 |
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US9991815B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
US20170187299A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
JPWO2016208074A1 (ja) | 2017-06-22 |
JP6291599B2 (ja) | 2018-03-14 |
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